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Printable Hydrocarbons Short Notes

The document discusses various reactions and properties of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, including hydrogenation, Wurtz reaction, and free radical mechanisms. It covers the formation of stable compounds, isomerization, and the effects of different reagents on hydrocarbon transformations. Additionally, it highlights key points regarding radical substitution, addition reactions, and the stability of intermediates in organic reactions.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
32 views7 pages

Printable Hydrocarbons Short Notes

The document discusses various reactions and properties of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, including hydrogenation, Wurtz reaction, and free radical mechanisms. It covers the formation of stable compounds, isomerization, and the effects of different reagents on hydrocarbon transformations. Additionally, it highlights key points regarding radical substitution, addition reactions, and the stability of intermediates in organic reactions.

Uploaded by

mr xyz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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LEN DRO CARBONS # MOP ob Alkane: © From Umaaiorated hydrocartone 'e Procere i¢ called hydrogenation] CSavatios Sandertoo %%n) Nites HatPtor itt yo Hcg Hatthored orwi, of fe Yow So 2Hat Pk ov Pdern;) ft -c Bc— memes he how [mbond Ko.H.H se ted do] 3 ; 2? Point:- Ta conjugated dienes ,6N CTS le barwed. CHasch- ch ache Hy Son. cH enc | (eq) \ i Hoe Cete-ch seHen5 © from Alkyl hatider (evcert fruoesee ZA+ Aik Heh —. 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T= 1.92. 100 9 > Chiormation | @ Verse 1 3RIS Cass mpap «(| pte dH a Mpeproete HN] TPH ROR of IC > # OP Point: O Free wadical substtefion Ben(FRSR) @ R-¥% wild how in chain propagation spl — @ Radical iohibi tor uit afop then S (02, Pewoxsde) B® R.0.R = ForcloP BP T2 3 © Cla move seachve, tose celechve © GCra— Less veachive, Mowe eelechve 3 @ Di. tri-tetza halo prodve mit » asta porw- ch BS CHF Ch Ih cH pet Ss Chaely. > chal D> cely SE chelg 9 as @® for betes yiald ob Mone hate pred. | Cha tela AY4 chget HOO excess) D > Todination vod Do gy To SS RT AI yaad > WA Nog, HTOg @ NTF HN0g 1 T2 +NOg +H20 > HT +H 103 — Tz +H20 ® @ Isomerisation /\4 Anya Alelg | _, Branched Hel chain isomess > banao > @ Axomatisaten ighex ajKone Ly n-hexane ox bi crate [vats] Meats FATK , 1O-20 ae 1@ controued oxidation Controtled oxidalion G) acy +o, SU!S22K, 4 cHgok Yoo ate” sv ynanch i) CHy Fo, $23, ero + Hro A ethanat Ui) DEHg ey + 502, LUBEERPAMA De coon +245 Soxidation by kmnoy 3eH— OH - c Se 904 fo} © Ccombystion ————_— [cates Ux*t)eatoxcort Lise CHy + 202 Ss con+2H 0 COH=-ve} |@© Reaction with steam CHyt Hao a co+ esha eS Syn gag |@D Pyrolysis (Higher aivane fo lower alkane , Alkenes) fp Coma #He Kt > Cute + Cate > CoHe teahy tcny Mop of AIKANG © from Alleyne oa R-ckc-p! wet le deze 4 4 on Na+ Pd |Rasoy © same &, ox \eis| xe) 2 ¢-ainetine Chat Pale Hat Pd} Basoy) Clindjaw's ca}otye}) PO Sixch Reduction AF ang STeS Non. fexminal alvymes LIntesnal) © Dehysronatogenaiion rf SoM kkon, Ron) Vo ate A ve 'k 4R se Mikal denge | * Foin}2:~ ® One step sen ® Transition gtate bormation ® No intewmediate bowmation ® Ror =k CR- xD! Cease}! © 274 oxdes , biomolecilay ven © €* amination , Ant elimination @® ROR> RTRs oR-ce ® WOR wewk Aleyd — Qeyaeote © More etable alkene iz the major @ Soyrrebh_prodve} Move gvoshtojed | Jace substituted Noo xc F No-oh ae Y >In the cage ob bulky base Like Be AlKoxide,, Le6k hindesed alkene ig the, mae product: Hobbmann pred. 6 « Meg e8R* say trebh cugeHan oH en SS CligcH =CH-CHy ae ect Minos Hotbmann Cg-CHa- CHE CHa, mMeyov DIn the case ob Alkyt bluovide, Mose gtable cavbanion will decide the majox product: ga REV CTrIGCRPRPCT YL Se OTH ee e* elivnination having antonic Charan: oceurg, oe © vehydration ob alcohols. Reagent:-() Cone Hacou! B Gi) conc HePoy And wtla at Sa kt eg Gn Rework, Px yo a € 1, DMAP Rearrange 3o04 Poolenckon’ ib pecibe OS fexmadion ) - Alicene # OP Point: © cabo cation pormation @ Rote= k Crow? @® s8t ovdev x49 © @ amination @ VORA Lhobibity eb Lt covboaation ®nove efable aleene i+ Whe Major product: # Reawrangements in cabo cationg © Hydride ghibt (Ov 1,2 hydride Shibt), Hy @ Cre cee ain cr chy 1 4 4 Qa ban | metryt shidt (Ua 2- wethyd Slabt ) Clg C= CHa, —> CHa ene CHa (oa (ean [ Pricity:= H® 5 me® @ 2 C= cHy~ Cy 1 Leaving Teer? 20s c79 tu qosee tt . Bad th Good LE a 8 Minor fe encore CHLCHy AAS HOB csc ecu chny a Gh oa + leas Nove CHg-cHe cH cy cfaule apable ® Dehatogenation neat - Hee HBR Deh + zn ye, vicinal dihatides amnmhb bb hm hh MAAR hARRARARRARRAAAARARAREET Ring expansion Aci 4 ® Ly — / = 0 ® vy of o7-8 2 | 1,2 Bend todo , 2 ke seit | L ko 4 dedo BO » ~> So od = > => = Prionty ." expannoa > HO >nucD tren = dancing e206 wr oe =f Properties ob Alkenee © Hydrogenation ” sce kde NPP Seb He “ @Dhaogenation ® In_non. polos soleil R- cuéch, 22 Q- bao x cetyless a on cHely | Wkond Ko xix se todo, onti bor jote] #& OP potot- DNo intermediate pormotion @ cyctic halonium ion is ‘hormed. @ ant- Addi ton =F cvample of elactrophibic addition 7% FP © RoR Clr 68% B® L.0-K L nicleophitici ttt ob Alvenee X edg (aus n- \ ews Py Tact tos unsaturation Bo , Seely by Colooriert Pees SP, extso alle known ac tect bor <9 0 Unseatusation- © In polar_selvent oH t O- x2 \ Ro CH= Ey SE RENT +1 Hao y [Hatins Hose 1 we 2, RH - CH, o” RY 2 oH R~cH-cw, = # Addition oh Ingshalagen_comboors gxtons, eng > Ene woh, tS pee can ae et # Addition cb Tiden Feogent No +A. He Cig CH=CH, hoe Chg CH=CH 4 ea © naition eb Hx R-ck wong Hes Aye R-CH-cHy Reavwange ib y postibsle 4 Markouni kov Rule Ve part ob resgent—s Lece H-atom csc Si CHy-cH-CH NN k @ Addition eb water Reagent :- Hot (Ht M30) ov dH HA SOy aay, Mis ot, moo tt RCH = CH, > R-CH-CH go Re CH CH rearrange 5 poscible © Addition ob Hacoy —_—_—~, ,@ Reagent:- Hatoy— WF + OS03H wt oseaH4 CHgeH OM > CH en Cy SY CHa CH=CH OS ogy # Addition bh Hk t0 con dienes Chg CH- cH =ch, HA 4 cHyscH ch ~My a Ie * Ma CH= CHa: CH= CHa Sac gn tg vx ker * CHa -ch=CH~ ey X TCP, Stable aiojormip. Fastest Pap « © Addition oh HRs [Peroride. ee R-en NBR chy cH 8x Peroxide =Chy F Point. © free yadicay jnterwedio tormation D No seavsangement © ANtimarxkounikov ‘ule it abpUcoble. @® Sep@ ic the R-d-e ® Peronider ® FRAR three vod iad addition Kn). @D Whiz hapbene only with Ney bet Hot with Hel and HT+bez one A pre clep is endo thermic: HE frree Rodical genevotes Wy &e t fF ® 2 todd Ley Radvesy Heat Gnery Ui} Peroxide (Liye temp) @ oxidation Ls Racyers reagent (dit AIK keanoy) Nec ate Noh cm ose eet & o B4m addition 2-H vicinal daiot Lvicinad @hy code) Ls decsloniaotion eb KNMOy 201 iL Ured asa kek bor unsoturation: ozonolysis @ Reductive _oronotysi > ~ Reagent) Oztccly Oateely n+ Hee (Hi) OF CCN Gv) O02, WY) 93 ox anghno mers Me 29 \ on ete a ere oe YO rey > pero rerc. wo oa4eely Hao (2) O34 ecly wsaa Reagent: Sone cthes Rosgont :- Wd Kunoyl Ht ox K2e%s031H* (2 Ming] OW, heat OF Ky0%03/ OH, he ct (3) mindy | Rest OF Kp¢¥205 [heat ° Coa+H,0 taop ob Alleynet Orydrosysie ob Cav @ cao 4 ¢ sac, + cHzCH + ALDH). te coke 2H 20H7 Cacog Wn, oyzee ® mgzeg WES cHecens + Wg iow), cane yates Oavacy acy + HANLOHD Ione @ eae 22, snes CHy+ 2RECOK)2 aon ® dehydro halogenation Reagent'= 19 2 Alc: KOH @) aNanay (@) ALC KOH Nanhr WH ney 4 Rg? ‘ay . oh © oR oe —%ie- 5 -czc- rice Baa wee oH gocie stventes !- Billa > BH @ Lowey to highey Alkines geapearoorererrrrereererereeceeece es Probewttes ah Aikynes © orcnotysie Dacidic nature @ Reductive © eo ~ NC EcH > CHac SCH> CHy-C = 7 R-ckc-! —se-C —C~ “wars >Roczem teu, |G ondolve fete ne ats ° Nari ee R-CHo-R! se C4 e-R'4 R-C-oH > NMG On OW ae By DAddition Reachone Riieay | my © Hadrogena ton @ coupring Reachons | ~ Hat Palcoke QAR! | RMT Red hot tube prundincet SRS 4 Le ccycey RET MB R-czcR![ticrna Fe tube So LQnhz ~ ne © geng-czcn B41, PS ~ Daa ENT 7 Rola Re) S | i OHotegencton Oet-czen 8H Bua ~ wczen SMP me Ro CEC-R' 2X Rb bg | x CoN Vt » i RH, ed Teyrahabide @ cty-cze- ety RAE sex | me 4 Test bor unsaturation oe € Tt bor tevminal Alleynes = 1201 og Ce _ cety PEE @ Siwer_ritvole Test be ee Tower's Reagent — (AGN Og +A HYOH, ™® © Kucherov Reackion Lyctrsiony “ » rec eae eee mE Reagents Wdit HaS0q + dil Hg so. Reese ee SEAS = einen 4 8 whike pot L 8 tn, © Cuprove chiowide tect me ta, worm IY oP - ~ R-c ach TS Tame Rohe = REL R-cten SH» R ete-cu NuyoH d “0 @ sgt angenaen EEE ee LAL + * Mop of BEN2ewe m@ a—cEcH TEAS Roe —elly © cycuic ing cb Ave a heres WCLIC Coupling +b Aleyne dihabide) RT MS Hydro lation aa @ wD © Gaeyare veagent (RR) @ From phenol “a” sett bor vosoturolion Ph-on ae Ph-H+2n0 cH oy 2 oo ow os me Rieke ORR EE Rettig» |@ Decarboxgtation on OH Ph- coon Naot Phew old e66 FP roperlier ob Benre RK (Clechopintic subctiteHan 24) oe Hf Tybee ob ESR @ Nitvahon Resgent -— Conc. HNOg + Cone. Hoy Clecdsopnite = Qnvog ®1 ogena ion Reogent:- Xa tAnhy Foxy Elocwphite:- x© © Freidot cradt Ableytation Roagenti= R=x + Anky AIK, Cleeywophite '~ R® (rearrange @® £:C Acython i poss) Reagent:- g_ Bxsamy ANXg Eleetspnite: = g-O LS (yo veorrarg.) © golPhonahon Reagent’ — Oley lH 2620} OF Sory His ov Conc. H26oy, Elec}mpnite:— Sog #: Formation sh Caabocation RS © Roe 2 Re carbomion Non-AxD # aren ob proton en « aor 2 x Resonance bwgbrid 3 wheeland (otermediate oigma - comple RO RA TM AFT # Divechive inbluence ob the gree tM Lol P THO [3 padition Reation Ha tN CO Wat! HT EHP oO J oe ehpby ch St ce Bite (Remnant hexachionde) ox | oa X- 66,6 CoMechy, vente (Tnvechqde) : | | DPPPPPIITITIITOCTITPIOCTUROCUOOeeerean

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