Scribd
Upload
4 views

STATIC ELECTRICITY

Static electricity involves stationary charges that develop due to an imbalance on surfaces, governed by electrostatic laws such as attraction and repulsion of charges. It can be generated through friction between insulators, leading to electrostatic induction and grounding. Applications include electrostatic precipitators for air purification, spray painting for even coverage, and photocopiers for printing, while hazards include fire risks and lightning.

Uploaded by

sajjadhosein966
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

STATIC ELECTRICITY

Static electricity involves stationary charges that develop due to an imbalance on surfaces, governed by electrostatic laws such as attraction and repulsion of charges. It can be generated through friction between insulators, leading to electrostatic induction and grounding. Applications include electrostatic precipitators for air purification, spray painting for even coverage, and photocopiers for printing, while hazards include fire risks and lightning.

Uploaded by

sajjadhosein966
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

STATIC ELECTRICITY

What is it?
Static Electricity refers to stationary charges.
Stationary charges develop on surfaces where this is
an imbalance of charges.

Laws For Electrostatics


1. Like charges experience an electrostatic force of
repulsion
Unlike charges experience an electrostatic force of
attraction
2. Around a positive or negative charge, there is an
electric field
3. Electric fields have electric field lines. They never
intersect each other
4. Charged particles only move along E-Field lines

Electron Theory
The electron theory states that objects become
charged because the atoms of all substance contain
both positive and negative charges.

What happens when insulators are rubbed together?


1. The rubbing produces friction between the two
objects.
2. This friction produces heat energy
3. Sufficient heat energy is produced which causes
electrons to move from _____ to the _____
4. This leaves the _____ positively charged and the
_____ negatively charged.

Electrostatic Induction and Grounding


Electrostatic Induction is when you give a neutral
material a charge
Grounding is the process of removing charge on an
object by means of the transfer of electrons between it
and the earth/ground.

Action Of Points
Static charges are highly concentrated at points or
edges.
The small the surface area, the easier it is to discharge
static charges. It is easier to discharge from
points/edges.

The Goldleaf Electroscope


1. When a charged object is brought near to the metal
cap of the electroscope, it was attract unlike charges
and repel like charges.

2. This will now make the leaf and the rod charged
with the same type of charge and they will repeal each
other since like charges repel and causing the leaf to
erect.

Advantages Of Static Electricity


Electrostatic Precipitators: In industrial settings,
electrostatic precipitators use static electricity to
remove dust and pollutants from the air, contributing
to cleaner air.
Spray painting: Paint droplets are charged with the
same type of charge so when they are sprayed they
spread out evenly. The body to be painted is charged
oppositely and so the paint droplets are attracted to
the body. This ensures that all surfaces are covered.

Disadvantages Of Static Electricity


Fire Hazards: Friction between the fuel and fuel pipe
can generate static charges and can cause sparks
when they are discharged resulting in a fire. This can
be prevented by earthing.
Lightning: Friction between water droplets creates
static charges in clouds. This causes high energy
lightning bolts when they discharge and this can cause
a fire. This can be prevented using a lightning
conductor on homes and buildings.

Capacitors
Objects that store charge are called capacitors. Charge
is measured in coulombs.

Applications Of Static Electricity


Electrostatic Precipitator
1. There are highly positively charged thin wires stretched across the centre of
the chimney. These wires are charged to about 50,000 volts.

2. As the air and smoke particles rise, the highly charged wires pull electrons
from the particles causing it to become ionised and positively charged.

3. The positively charged particles are then repelled by the wires towards the
earthed metal plates, where the dust sticks

4. A mechanical hammer hits the plate every few minutes and the dust/ash
falls into a bin

Electrostatic Paint Spraying:


1. The nozzle of the spray paint can is positively charged so the paint droplets
become charged as they pass through the nozzle and the item to be painted
receives a negative charge.

2. The positively charged droplets repel from each other since they have the
same charge and forms a large even cloud.
3. The positively charged paint droplets are attracted to the negatively charged
object.

A photocopier:
1. Charge – Inside the photocopier, in the dark, a rotating drum is given a
positive charge. The drum has a special surface which is photoconductive.

2. Expose – A bright light shines on your document. The reflected light is


focused on the charged drum. Where the light is bright (reflected by the white
paper), the photoconductive surface lets the charge leak away. Only the dark
parts stay positively charged.

3. Develop – Powdered ink (toner) is negatively charged and then sprinkled on


the drum. The ink particles (-) sticks to the positively charged parts of the drum
(+)

4. Transfer – A blank piece of paper is charged positively. It is pressed against


the drum. The toner ink is attracted onto the paper.

5. Fix – The paper passes between heated rollers. These melt the toner ink, and
fuse it to the paper, to make a permanent copy.

You might also like