MOTOR EFFECT AND EM INDUCTION QUESTIONS

1. This question is about bar magnets.

(a) Describe an investigation to show the shape and direction of the magnetic field for a bar
magnet.
You may draw a diagram to help your answer.
(3)

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(b) A bar magnet is used in a bicycle dynamo.

The diagram shows a cross-section of a bicycle dynamo.
 The dynamo has a rotating wheel that presses against the tyre of the bicycle.
The rotating wheel is connected to a bar magnet by a spindle.
When the rotating wheel spins, the bar magnet spins.
(i) The dynamo is connected to the lights on the bicycle.
Explain how the dynamo causes the lights to turn on when the bicycle is moving.
(4)
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(ii) Suggest a disadvantage of using the dynamo to power the bicycle lights.
(1)
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(Total for question = 8 marks)

2. Diagram 1 shows the magnetic field between the poles of two strong bar magnets.
(a) Add labels to diagram 1 to show the poles of the bar magnets.
(1)
(b) The bar magnets are made from steel.
Give one reason why steel is a good material for making bar magnets.
(1)
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(c) Explain how diagram 1 shows a uniform magnetic field.
(2)
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(d) Diagram 2 shows a metal wire being moved downwards through the uniform field between the
poles of the same bar magnets. The orientation of the magnets has not been changed.

(i) Give a reason why a voltage is induced between the ends of the metal wire as it moves
between the poles of the bar magnets.
(1)
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(ii) State two changes that could be made to this arrangement that would increase the
magnitude of the induced voltage.
(2)
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3. The diagrams show some equipment that the physicist Ørsted used in an investigation in 1820.
Diagram 1 shows the position of eight compass needles around a wire with no current in the wire.
The compass needles line up with and show the direction of the Earth's magnetic field lines.

Diagram 2 shows the position of the same compass needles when a current is in the wire.

(a) (i) Explain why the compass needles turn when the current is switched on.
(2)
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 (ii) Using evidence from the compass needles in diagram 2, draw on diagram 2 the shape and
direction of a magnetic field line produced by the current in the wire.
(2)

(iii) Suggest what happens to the magnetic field when the current in the wire is reversed.
(1)
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(b) The current in the wire is turned off.
Diagram 3 shows the wire placed in a uniform magnetic field.

The current is now switched on.

Draw an arrow to show the direction of the force on the wire.
(2)
(c) The power supply in diagram 3 is replaced by an ammeter.
(i) When the wire is moved, a current is detected.
Explain which direction the wire is moved in the magnetic field to produce a current in the
wire.
(2)
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(ii) Explain why a current is produced in the wire when the wire is moved in the magnetic field.
(2)
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4. This is a question about how a loudspeaker works.
(a) Diagram 1 shows a student's left hand.

Label diagram 1 to show what P, Q and R represent in the left-hand rule.

(3)

(b) Diagram 2 shows part of the permanent magnet taken from a loudspeaker.

There is a uniform magnetic field between the north pole and the south pole of the permanent
magnet.
On diagram 2, draw three field lines to show this uniform magnetic field.
(2)
(c) The loudspeaker is connected to an alternating current supply.
(i) Describe the difference between alternating current (a.c.) and direct current (d.c.).
(2)
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(ii) Diagram 3 shows a cross-section of the loudspeaker with a current in the coil.

The coil is attached to the tube.

The tube is attached to the paper cone.
State the direction of motion of the paper cone when the current is in the direction shown in
diagram 3.
(1)
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(iii) Explain why the loudspeaker does not work when the coil is connected to a battery.
(2)
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(Total for question = 10 marks)

5. (a) The diagram shows a bar magnet.
Draw four magnetic field lines around the bar magnet.
(3)

(b) The diagram shows a loop of wire connected to the terminals of a voltmeter.

Explain why the voltmeter reading changes from zero when the magnet is moved near the loop
of wire.
(2)
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(Total for question = 5 marks)

6. A student uses this equipment to investigate the force on a current-carrying wire in a uniform
magnetic field.

 two permanent bar magnets

 straight length of wire

 connecting leads

 power supply
(a) Describe how to use two permanent bar magnets to form a uniform magnetic field.
You may draw a diagram to help your answer.
(2)

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(b) The student decides that the magnetic field is not strong enough and replaces the two bar
magnets with
a horseshoe magnet.
The diagram shows the current-carrying wire in the magnetic field provided by the horseshoe
magnet. The direction of the current is shown by the arrow on the wire.
(i) Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of the force on the current-carrying wire.
(2)
(ii) Explain why a force is exerted on the current-carrying wire.
(2)
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(Total for question = 6 marks)

7. The diagram shows part of an electric motor connected to a battery.
The coil is shown as ABCD.
The direction of the current, I, is from A to B.

(a) Draw an arrow showing the direction of the force on side CD of the coil.
(1)
(b) Give one change that can be made to the equipment that will make the motor spin in the
opposite direction.
(1)
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(c) Give two changes that can be made to the equipment that will make the motor spin slower.
(2)
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8. This question is about voltage and current.
(a) The diagram shows two resistors connected to a battery.

Calculate the voltage across resistor R.

(4)

voltage = ........................................................... V
(b) The diagram shows the parts of an ammeter.
The pointer is connected to the coil so they can move together.
 (i) Explain what happens when there is a current in the coil.
(3)
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(ii) Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the force acting on side CD of the coil when there is
a current in the coil.
(1)

(iii) Explain how the ammeter could be changed so that it could measure smaller currents.
(3)
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(Total for question = 11 marks)