TACHOMETER USING ARDUINO SENSORS

Omkar Borhade Shlok Kudtarkar

Electrical Engineering Electrical Engineering
FCRIT,Vashi FCRIT,Vashi
[email protected] [email protected]

Faiz Dhamaskar Suhas Tagyalkar

Electrical Engineering Electrical Engineering
FCRIT,Vashi FCRIT, Vashi
[email protected] [email protected]

Abhishek Shiwalkar
Electrical Engineering
FCRIT,Vashi
[email protected]

Keywords— Arduino Uno ; RGB LED control ; IR receiver ; IR The tachometer circuit using Arduino sensors works by using
remote ; Code logic ; Block Diagram ; Circuit diagram ; the sensor (such as an IR sensor or hall effect sensor) to detect
connections ; PCB fabrication ; EAGLE ; Interface ; Other the rotational speed of an object, such as a motor. Here's a
applications ;
simplified explanation of how it works:

1. The sensor detects the rotations of the object and generates

1. INTRODUCTION
an electrical signal.
A tachometer is a device used to measure the rotational speed 2. The Arduino board reads this signal through one of its
of an object, such as the engine in a car. It typically uses a digital input pins.
potentiometer and resistors to convert the rotational speed into 3. The Arduino code processes the signal and calculates the
an electrical signal. Two potentiometers may be used to rotational speed based on
measure both the maximum and minimum speeds. An IR the time between rotations.
sensor can also be used to detect the rotation and provide
accurate readings. The block diagram of a tachometer shows 4. The calculated speed can be displayed on the Arduino serial
the components and their connections. Let me know if you'd monitor or an external
like more information on any specific aspect. A tachometer is display, such as an LCD screen.
a valuable instrument used to measure the rotational speed of a
motor, engine, or any rotating machinery. In this project, we
will explore how to create a tachometer using an Arduino, a To implement this circuit, you would connect the sensor to the
versatile microcontroller, and a few simple components. This appropriate pins on the Arduino board and write the code to
project not only provides a real-time display of the rotational read and process the sensor data. The specific wiring and code
speed but also serves as a practical example of how to will vary depending on the sensor and Arduino YOU ARE
interface sensors and display data using Arduino. Let's dive USING.
into the exciting world of tachometers and learn how to build
one with Arduino.

2. WORKING OF THE CIRCUIT

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM AND CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
DESCRIPTION OF THE PINS
1. VCC: This pin provides a regulated voltage of 5V to power
the Arduino Nano.

2. GND: These pins are the ground connections for the

Arduino Nano.

3. AREF: This pin is used as the reference voltage for analog-

to-digital conversions.

4. A0-A7: These pins are analog input pins used to read

analog voltage values.

5. D0-D13: These pins are digital input/output pins. D0 and

D1 are also used for serial
communication (RX and TX).

6. TX/RX: These pins are used for serial communication with

other devices.

7. RESET: This pin is used to reset the Arduino Nano.

8. 5V: This pin provides a regulated voltage of 5V from the

Arduino Nano.

9. VIN: This pin allows an external power source to power the

Arduino Nano.

10. GND: These pins are additional ground connections for

the Arduino Nano.

11. AREF: This pin is used as the reference voltage for

analog-to-digital conversions.

These are the main pins on the Arduino Nano Type C. Each
pin has specific functions for input,
output, power, and communication. The exact usage of each
4. PIN DIAGRAM OF ARDUINO pin will depend on your specific project
and the components you are connecting to the Arduino Nano.
 CODE TO RUN THE CIRCUIT (Sample Code)

5. LIST OF COMPONENTS Sample code to run a tachometer using Arduino and

sensors : cpp
const int sensor Pin = 2; // Replace with the
SR NO NAME OF COMPONENT RATING appropriate pin number for your sensor unsigned int rpm;
unsigned long time old ;
1. SSD1306 DISPLAY 5V
void setup() {
2. TP 4056 MODULE 250kΩ
3. ARDUINO NANO TYPE 220 Ω
C
4. MINI ROCKER SWITCH 16x2 Lcd Display
PUSH BUTTON LITHIUM Serial.begin(9600);
BATTERY attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(sensorPin),
rpm_fun, RISING);timeold = 0;
}

void loop() {
6. SIMULATION RESULT USING TINKER CAD if (millis() - timeold > 1000) {
detachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(sensorPin));rp
Here is a theoretical framework of how this circuit is analyzed m = 30 /
in step by step process. (millis() - timeold) * 1000;
timeold = millis();
1.Open Tinker cad and create a new circuit. attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(sensorPin),
2. Add an Arduino board to the circuit. rpm_fun, RISING);
3. Add the necessary components for your tachometer, such as Serial.print("RPM: ");
an IR sensor or hall effect sensor, Serial.println(rpm);
along with resistors and potentiometers if required. }
4. Connect the components according to your circuit diagram, }
ensuring that the
sensor is connected to the appropriate pins on the Arduino void rpm_fun() {
board. // This function is called whenever the sensor detects
5. Write the Arduino code to read and process the sensor data, a pulse
calculating the // Add appropriate code to count the pulses and
rotational speed. calculate RPM
6. Upload the code to the Arduino board in the Tinker cad }
circuit.
7. Run the simulation to see the tachometer in action.
Make sure to replace sensor Pin with the correct pin number
where you have connected your sensor. Additionally, you'll
need to write the appropriate code inside the rpm _fun()
function to count the pulses from your sensor and calculate the
RPM.

.
7. CONCLUSION be the use of English units as identifiers in trade, such
as “3.5-inch disk drive.”

Building a tachometer using Arduino sensors is a fun and ● Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such as current in
rewarding project. By using sensors like IR or Hall effect amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This often
sensors, along with resistors and potentiometers, you can leads to confusion because equations do not balance
measure rotational speed and display it as RPM. You’ll need dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly
to write code to read sensor data, calculate RPM, and display state the units for each quantity that you use in an
it on a display or serial monitor. Remember to adjust the code equation.
and connections based on your specific sensors and
requirements. ● Do not mix complete spellings and abbreviations of
units: “Wb/m2” or “webers per square meter,” not
“webers/m2.” Spell units when they appear in text:
“...a few henries,” not “...a few H.”
Identify applicable sponsor/s here. If no sponsors, delete this text box
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“Magnetization (A ( m(1),” not just “A/m.” Do not label axes [1] G. Eason, B. Noble, and I.N. Sneddon, “On certain integrals of
Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions,” Phil.
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“Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.” (references)
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2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68-73.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT (Heading 5) [3] I.S. Jacobs and C.P. Bean, “Fine particles, thin films and exchange
anisotropy,” in Magnetism, vol. III, G.T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New
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Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982].
[7] M. Young, The Technical Writer’s Handbook. Mill Valley, CA:
University Science, 1989.
REFERENCES