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02_02_Tables

The document provides a comprehensive guide on various MySQL table operations, including creating, altering, showing, truncating, describing, dropping, and copying tables. It outlines the syntax and examples for each operation, as well as important considerations such as foreign key constraints and locking mechanisms. Additionally, it explains how to manage table structures and data effectively within a MySQL database.

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ASK 011
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2 views

02_02_Tables

The document provides a comprehensive guide on various MySQL table operations, including creating, altering, showing, truncating, describing, dropping, and copying tables. It outlines the syntax and examples for each operation, as well as important considerations such as foreign key constraints and locking mechanisms. Additionally, it explains how to manage table structures and data effectively within a MySQL database.

Uploaded by

ASK 011
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Index

1. Create table
2. Alter table
3. Show table
4. TRUNCATE Table
5. Describe table
6. Drop table
7. Copy/Clone/Duplicate Table
a.

MySQL Table
1. create database >create database p1;
> use p1;
2. create tables
1. Create Table Optiona
l
CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name(
column_definition1,
column_definition2,
table_constraints
);

PRIMARY KEY, UNIQUE KEY, FOREIGN


KEY

Example:

create table emp(


id int not null auto_increment,
name varchar(45) not null,
occupation varchar(45) not null,
age int not null,
primary key(id)
);

Or describe emp;

2. ALTER Table
 used when you want to change the name of your table or any table field.
 It is also used to add or delete an existing column in a table.
 Alter table always use "ADD", "DROP" and "MODIFY"

First inserted some data for alter table


insert into emp(id,name,occupation,age)values
(101,'Aniket','CPP',25);
(102,'Aniket2','CPP2',25),
(103,'Aniket3','CPP3',25);

1. ADD column
alter table emp table name
add salary int not null;

ADD multiple column


alter table emp
add address varchar(100) not null
after name,
add surname varchar(45) not null Konachy nantar paije
after salary;

2. MODIFY column
lets modify address
before:
After:
alter table emp
modify address varchar(150) null;

3. DROP column
alter table emp
drop column surname;
4. RENAME column 2 ways (rename and change)
alter table emp
rename to emp1;
Rename column
alter table emp Rename column works but the data which is
rename column Name to Full_Name; inserted gets lost

Using Change

alter table emp


change column Full_Name Name varchar(45);

3 MySQL Show/List Tables


1) use p1; database name
show tables;

2) use p1;
show full tables;

using in and from


show tables in database_name;
or
show tables from database_name;
Show Tables Using Pattern Matching

filter using LIKE and WHERE clause

show tables in/from mystudentdb like "stud%";

WHERE clause to list different types of tables (either Base or View type)
SHOW TABLES FROM sakila WHERE table_type= "VIEW";

TRUNCATE Table
 we use this command when we want to delete an entire data from a table without
removing the table structure.

The following points must be considered while using the TRUNCATE command:
 cannot use the WHERE clause (filtering of records is not possible).
 cannot rollback the deleted data
 We cannot use the truncate statement when a table is referenced by a foreign
key or participates in an indexed view.
 The TRUNCATE command doesn't fire DELETE triggers associated with the table
that is being truncated because it does not operate on individual rows.

Syntax:
truncate table emp;

How to Truncate Table with Foreign key?

If we perform the TRUNCATE operation for the table that uses a foreign key constraint,
we will get the following error:
ERROR 1217 (23000): Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constr
aint fails

In that case, we need to log into the MySQL server and disable foreign key checks
before executing the TRUNCATE statement as below:
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
Now, we are able to truncate tables. After execution, re-enable foreign key checks
as given below:
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;

5 Describe table (show the structure of our table)

Syntax:
describe table_name;
Or
desc table_name;

6 DROP Table
Syntax:
drop table table_name;

1 delete a table that does not exist in the database, we will get an error message
2 IF EXISTS clause with the DROP TABLE statement, MySQL gives the warning message

7 Copy/Clone/Duplicate Table
1 create a table
create table original_table (
Id int primary key not null,
Name varchar(45) not null,
Product varchar(45) null,
Country varchar(25) null,
Year int not null );

insert into original_table( Id, Name, Product, Country, Year)


values (1, 'Stephen', 'Computer', 'USA', 2015),
(2, 'Joseph', 'Laptop', 'India', 2016),
(3, 'John', 'TV', 'USA', 2016),
(4, 'Donald', 'Laptop', 'England', 2015),
(5, 'Joseph', 'Mobile', 'India', 2015),
(6, 'Peter', 'Mouse', 'England', 2016);
select * from original_table;

Copying a table
create table if not exists duplicate_table
select * from original_table;

copy only partial data from an existing table to a new table.


use the WHERE clause with the SELECT
create table if not exists duplicate_table
select * from original_table WHERE Year = '2016';

8 Table Locking
READ LOCK: This lock allows a user to only read the data from a table.
WRITE LOCK: This lock allows a user to do both reading and writing into a table.

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