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3. Levels of Organization of Life Part 1

The document outlines the levels of organization of life, from atoms to ecosystems, emphasizing their importance in understanding physiological psychology. It explains the structure and function of cells, including the distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and discusses the classification of living organisms within populations, communities, and ecosystems. Additionally, it highlights the role of macromolecules and organelles in cellular function.

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Annayk Onihsoh
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16 views17 pages

3. Levels of Organization of Life Part 1

The document outlines the levels of organization of life, from atoms to ecosystems, emphasizing their importance in understanding physiological psychology. It explains the structure and function of cells, including the distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and discusses the classification of living organisms within populations, communities, and ecosystems. Additionally, it highlights the role of macromolecules and organelles in cellular function.

Uploaded by

Annayk Onihsoh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presented by Ms.Jannet C.

Broas, LPT, MAEd BIO


OBJECTIVES
At the end of the topic, students should
be able to:
1. Explore the levels of organization of
life and its importance in
understanding physiological
psychology
2. Pinpoint the process of how neurons
work in the process of synaptic
transmission
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION OF LIFE IN NATURE
ECOSYSTEM
COMMUNITY
POPULATION

SPECIES
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGAN
TISSUE
CELL
MOLECULE

ATOM
ATOM
o the smallest and most
fundamental unit of matter.

o It consists of a nucleus
surrounded by electrons.
The atoms form the
MOLECULES

The chemical
structures consisting
of at least two atoms
held together by one
or more chemical
bonds
.
MACROMOLECULES
Many molecules that are biologically
important are macromolecules, large
molecules that are typically formed by
polymerization (a polymer is a large
molecule that is made by combining
smaller units called monomers, which are
simpler than macromolecules).

Example: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) -


contains the instructions for the structure
and functioning of all living organisms
CELLS
• All living things are made of
cells
• Cell is the smallest
fundamental unit of structure
and function in living
organisms.
• This is a requirement.
ORGANELLES
Macromolecules can form aggregates
within a cell that are surrounded by
membranes; these are called organelles.
The organelles are small structures that
exist within its own cells.

Examples: Mitochondria and Chloroplasts -


which carry out indispensable functions.
Mitochondria produce energy to power the
cell while chloroplasts enable green plants
to utilize the energy in sunlight to make
sugars.
Can we consider a
virus a living
organism?
o No. they are not made of cells.

o To make new viruses, they have


to invade and hijack the
reproductive mechanism of a
living cell
o Only then can they obtain the
materials they need to
reproduce. Some organisms
consist of a single cell and
others are multicellular.
CLASSIFICATION OF CELLS
PROKARYOTIC EUKARYOTIC.

• single-celled or colonial • may be unicellular or


organisms that do not multicellular
have membrane-bound • have membrane-bound
nuclei organelles and a
membrane-bound nucleus.
Example: Bacteria • Examples: plants, animals,
fungi,
• Organisms of the same
species that live in the
same area make up a
population.
• All of the populations that
live in the same area
make up a community.
• An ecosystem consists of all the
living things (biotic factors) in a
given area, together with the
nonliving environment (abiotic
factors). The nonliving environment
includes water, sunlight, and other
physical factors.
• A group of similar ecosystems with
the same general type of physical
environment is called a biome.
• The biosphere is the part
of Earth where all life
exists, including all the
land, water, and air
where living things can
be found. The biosphere
consists of many
different biomes.

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