Short Answer Type Questions-I

Q. 1. Find the mean deviation about the mean of the distribution.

Size 20 21 22 23 24
Frequency 6 4 5 1 4
Sol.
𝒙𝒊 𝒇𝒊 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊 |𝒙𝒊 − 𝒙| 𝒇𝒊 |𝒙𝒊 − 𝒙|
20 6 120 1.65 9.90
21 4 84 0.65 2.60
22 5 110 0.35 1.75
23 1 23 1.35 1.35
24 4 96 2.35 9.40
20 433 20

∑ 𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖 433
∴𝑥= = = 21.65
∑ 𝑓𝑖 20
∴ Required mean deviation about (𝑥) 𝑖. 𝑒,
∑ 𝑓𝑖 |𝑥𝑖 − M| 25
M. D. (𝑥) = = = 1.25
∑ 𝑓𝑖 20
Q. 2. Find the mean deviation about the median of following distribution.
Marks obtained 10 11 12 14 15
No. of students 2 3 8 3 4
Sol.
𝒙𝒊 𝒇𝒊 𝒄. 𝒇. |𝒙𝒊 − 𝐌| 𝒇𝒊 |𝒙𝒊
− 𝐌|
10 2 2 2 4
11 3 5 1 3
12 8 13 0 0
14 3 16 2 6
15 4 20 3 12
N = 20 25
Here N = 20, even
∴ Median = 12
Hence, mean deviation about Median (M),
∑ 𝑓𝑖 |𝑥𝑖 − M|
M. D (M) =
∑ 𝑓𝑖
25
=
20
= 1.25
Q. 3. Find range of the following data.
Class 10−19 20−29 30−39 40−49 50−59
Frequency 5 4 5 3 2
Sol. The class intervals are 9.5 − 19.5, 19.5 − 29.5, 29.5 − 39.5, 39.5 − 49.5, 49.5 –
59.5.
∴ Range = Maximum value − minimum value
= 59.5 – 9.5
= 50
Q. 4. Find the variance of first n natural numbers. [KVS, 2017]
Sol. Here, the variable are1,2,3,…, n
∑ 𝑥𝑖
∴ Mean, 𝑥= 𝑛

1 + 2 + 3+. . . +𝑛
=
𝑛
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
=
2𝑛
𝑛+1
=
2
∑𝑥𝑖 2
Variance = − (𝑥)2
𝑛

12 + 22 + 32 +. . . +𝑛2 𝑛+1 2
= −( )
𝑛 2
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 𝑛+1
= −( )
6𝑛 2
 4𝑛 + 2 − 3𝑛 − 3
= (𝑛 + 1) { }
12
(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 − 1)
=
12
𝑛2 − 1
=
12
Q. 5. Co-effecient of variation of two distributions are 60 and 70 and their
standard deviations are 21 and 16 respectively. What are their arithmetic mean.
[KVS, 2017]
Sol. Given CV1 = 60, CV2 = 70
𝜎1 = 21, 𝜎2 = 16
𝜎
We Know, CV = × 100
𝑥
𝜎
𝑥 = CV × 100
𝜎
𝑥1 = CV1 × 100
1

21
= 60 × 100

= 35
𝜎
and 𝑥2 = CV2 × 100
2

16
= 70 × 100

= 22.85
∴ Their arithmetic mean are 35 and 22.85
Q. 6. The mean of 100 observation is 50 and their standard deviations is 5. Find
the sum of all squares of the observations.
Sol. Given 𝑥 = 50, 𝑛 = 100 𝜎 = 5
We have
∑𝑥𝑖 2
𝜎2 = − (𝑥)2
𝑛
∑𝑥𝑖 2
⇒ = 𝜎 2 + (𝑥)2
𝑛
⇒ ∑𝑥𝑖 2 = 𝑛[𝜎 2 + (𝑥)2 ]
= 100[52 + (50)2 ]
= 100(25 + 2500)
= 100 × 2525
= 252500
Hence, the sum of all squares of all the observation in 252500
Q. 7. The variance of 10 observation is 16 and their mean is 12. If each
observation is multiplied by 4, what are the new mean and the new variance?
[DDE]
Sol. Given, N = 10, 𝜎 = 16 and 𝑥 = 12.
Let the new mean be 𝑥1 and new variance be 𝜎1 2 .
Here, 4𝑥 = 4𝑥
We Know,
2
∑𝑥 ′ 𝑖 ∑𝑥′ 2
𝜎1 2 = −( )
N N

∑(4𝑥𝑖 )2 ∑4𝑥𝑖 2
= −( )
N N

∑𝑥𝑖 2 ∑𝑥𝑖 2
= 16 { −( ) }
N N

= 16 × 𝜎 2
= 16 × 16
= 256
∑𝑥𝑖
Also, 𝑥1 = N
∑4𝑥𝑖
= N
∑𝑥𝑖
=4
N

= 4𝑥
= 4 × 12
= 48
∴ New mean = 48 and new variance = 256.
Q. 8. The standard deviation of 25 observation is 4 and their mean is 25. If each
observation is increased by 10, what are the new mean and the new standard
deviation.
Sol. Solve as Q. No. 4.
Q. 9. The sum of the squares of deviations for 10 observation taken from their
mean 50 is 250. Find the co-effecient of variation. [DDE]
Sol. Here, N = 10, 𝑥 = 50
And, ∑10 2
𝑖=1(𝑥𝑖 − 50) = 250

∑10
𝑖=1(𝑥𝑖 − 50)
2
⇒ = 25
10
⇒ 𝜎 2 = 25
⇒𝜎 =5
∴ Co-effecient of variation,
𝜎
C.V = × 100
𝑥

5
= × 100
50
500
=
50
= 10
∴ 10 is the co-effecient of variation.
Q. 10. The marks obtained by seven students are 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 21. Find
the variance and standard deviation of these marks.
Sol. Here
8+9+11+13+14+15+21
Mean, 𝑥 = = 13
7

Marks 𝑥𝑖 𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥 (𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥)2

8 -5 25
9 -4 16
11 -2 4
13 0 0
14 1 1
15 2 4
21 8 64
Total 114
Here, N = 7, ∑(𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥)2
1
∴ 𝜎2 = ∑(𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥)2
𝑛

114
= = 16.29
7
And 𝜎 = √16.29 = 4.04
∴ Variance = 16.29 and standard deviation = 4.04.
Q. 11. Find the standard deviation of first ‘ten’ natural numbers.
Sol. Here, the variable are 1,2, 3,…,9,10
𝑛 = 10
∴ Standard deviation,
2
∑10 2
𝑖=1 𝑥𝑖 ∑10
𝑖=1 𝑥𝑖
𝜎= √ −( )
10 10

2
1 10(10 + 1)(20 + 1) 10(10 + 1)
=√ . −( )
10 6 2.10

11.21 11 2
=√ −( )
6 2

77 121
=√ −
2 4

1
= √154 − 121
2
1
= × √33
2
= 2.83.
Q. 12. Find the variance and standard deviation of the data 6, 5, 9, 13, 12, 8 and
10.
Sol. Solve as Q.no. 7.
Q. 13. The following relates to sample of size 𝝈𝟎′ ∑ 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐚𝐧𝐝 ∑ 𝒙 = 𝟗𝟔𝟎, find
the variance.
Sol. We know,

2
∑𝑥𝑖2 ∑𝑥𝑖 2
𝜎 = −( )
𝑛 𝑛
18,000 960 2
= −( )
60 60
= 300 − (16)2
= 300 − 256
= 44
Variance = 44