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Basic First Aid Procedures Module

The document outlines basic first aid procedures, emphasizing the importance of assessing the scene, introducing oneself to the victim, and conducting both primary and secondary assessments. It also details common sports injuries and management techniques, including the RICE method and proper wound care. Additionally, it covers bandaging techniques and proper lifting methods to ensure safety for both the responder and the patient.

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fabrosangelica7
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5 views

Basic First Aid Procedures Module

The document outlines basic first aid procedures, emphasizing the importance of assessing the scene, introducing oneself to the victim, and conducting both primary and secondary assessments. It also details common sports injuries and management techniques, including the RICE method and proper wound care. Additionally, it covers bandaging techniques and proper lifting methods to ensure safety for both the responder and the patient.

Uploaded by

fabrosangelica7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A.

BASIC FIRST AID PROCEDURES


IMPORTANT REMINDER IN DOING BASIC FIRST AID PROCEDURES

(A-I-D F-I-R-S-T)
STEP 1 - A sk for a help. Ask if there is anyone in the area knows how to perform first aid.
STEP 2&3- I nspect the scene.
D etermine the possible threats and hazards. If there are hazards that may harm
you or the victim, move to a safer place

STEP 4- F ace the victim and introduce yourself.


STEP 5- I ntervene and conduct assessment.
• If conscious, take note of the details that the victim will tell you.
• If unconscious, perform the following steps:
1. Tap the shoulders gently and check if consciousness may return.
2. If the victim does not respond, perform primary assessment. Check for CAB/ ABC
3. . Circulation, Airway and Breathing.
4. If circulation is absent, perform the CPR. If the victim is not breathing, perform rescue breathing.
5. If circulation and breathing are present, conduct secondary assessment.

Secondary assessment composed of 3 major components:

⮚ HISTORY- ask about victims medical information by using the acronym SAMPLE.

S- signs and symptoms felt by the victim


Allergies that the victim has
M- medication that the victim currently taking
P- previous medical conditions that the victim had
L- last oral intake by the victim
E- events that led to the emergency situation

⮚ VITAL SIGNS- the first aider must check for the following:
● abnormal pulse rate / breathing
● dilation of pupils
● change in skin color or body temperature
● changing level of consciousness

⮚ HEAD-TO-TOE EXAMINATION remember the acronym DOTS when inspecting the whole body of
the victim.
D- deformity of fractures
O- open wounds
T- tender parts
S- swollen parts

STEP 6- R emember and record the procedures done.


STEP 7- S tay with the victim until professional care arrives
B. FIRST AID MANAGEMENT
First aid refers to the immediate care provided to an injured person before professional medical help arrives. It aims to
preserve life, prevent further harm, and promote recovery.

Common Sports Injuries:

● Sprains and Strains: Injuries to ligaments (sprains) or muscles/tendons (strains) caused by overstretching or
tearing, often occurring during sudden movements or overuse.
● Fractures and Dislocations: Breaks in bones (fractures) or displacement of bones from their normal position
(dislocations), typically resulting from impact or falls.
● Abrasions: Superficial wounds caused by skin scraping against a rough surface, commonly seen in sports
involving sliding or falling.
● Concussions: Mild traumatic brain injuries caused by a blow to the head, leading to symptoms like dizziness,
confusion, or headaches.

Management Techniques:

● RICE Method: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation for soft tissue injuries.

● Immobilization for fractures and dislocations.


● Cleaning and Dressing:
Follow these steps to clean wounds and prevent infection:
• Wash Hands: Ensure your hands are clean to avoid contamination.
• Rinse the Wound: Use clean water to gently wash away dirt and debris.
• Disinfect: Apply an antiseptic solution to reduce the risk of infection.
• Dry the Area: Gently pat the wound dry with a sterile cloth or gauze.
• Apply Dressing: Cover the wound with a sterile bandage or dressing to protect it from further
harm. wounds to prevent infection.
● Recognizing and managing concussions by ensuring rest and seeking medical advice.
C. BANDAGING
Bandaging plays a vital role in supporting injuries, controlling bleeding, and protecting wounds. There are
several types of bandages and techniques to suit different injuries.

TYPES OF BANDAGES
1. TRIANGULAR BANDAGE

2 PHASES OF BANDAGING

⮚ OPEN PHASE-- Is used for wounds on top and back of the head, chest, back, hand and foot.
END BASE END

SIDE SIDE

APEX

⮚ CRAVAT PHASE-Is used for wounds that need extra support like wound in the eye, forehead, ear,
jaw, shoulder, arm, leg, elbow and knee.
2. ELASTIC BANDAGE

3. GAUZE BANDAGE

DOS IN APPLYING DRESSING DON’TS IN APPLYING DRESSING:

● Wash hands with alcohol ● Do not use cotton balls because it’s
● Use enough size of dressings to cover too hard to remove
the whole part wounded ● Do not slide of dressing since it may
● Cover the wound directly damage the tissue of the skin

Techniques for Specific Injuries:

● Ankle and Wrist Sprains: Wrap snugly but not too tightly to avoid cutting off circulation.
● Head Injuries: Use triangular bandages to secure dressings without applying pressure to sensitive areas.
● Joint Support: Elastic bandages provide compression and stability for knees or elbows.
TECHNIQUES IN APPLYING TRIANGULAR BANDAGE
D. LIFTING TECHNIQUES
Proper lifting techniques are crucial to prevent further injury to both the patient and the responder.

Key Considerations:

● Assess the situation and the patient’s condition.


● Use equipment like stretchers or spine boards when
available.
● Maintain proper posture and balance.
● Lifting Methods:
● Two-Person Lift: Ideal for smaller or lightweight
patients.
● Four-Person Lift: Provides better stability and support.
● Chair Carry Technique: Useful for seated injuries when
stretchers are unavailable.

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