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GPFY_Chapter_32_Heating effect of a current

The document provides answers to end-of-chapter questions from 'GCSE Physics for You, Fifth Edition', focusing on the heating effect of a current. It includes formulas for calculating energy transferred, efficiency, power, and costs associated with electricity usage. Additionally, it discusses safety measures related to electrical appliances and ways to reduce energy consumption.

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sajjadhosein966
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11 views

GPFY_Chapter_32_Heating effect of a current

The document provides answers to end-of-chapter questions from 'GCSE Physics for You, Fifth Edition', focusing on the heating effect of a current. It includes formulas for calculating energy transferred, efficiency, power, and costs associated with electricity usage. Additionally, it discusses safety measures related to electrical appliances and ways to reduce energy consumption.

Uploaded by

sajjadhosein966
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GCSE Physics for You, Fifth Edition

Answers to End-of-chapter questions


for Chapter 32, Heating effect of a current

It is very important that you are able to answer the questions on your own, using your
own knowledge of Physics.
Have a go at the questions first, and then check your answers using this page.
If you get a question wrong, try to work out where you have made an error.

1. a) amperes (amps), potential difference (voltage), volts


b) watts, time, seconds,
c) power, kW (kilowatts), time, hours
d) circuit, live
e) live, neutral, earth
f) metal case

2. a) Use the formula: energy transferred = power × time


energy transferred = 20 W × 1000 s
= 20 000 J (20 kJ)
b) 15 000 J is wasted as thermal energy, so
useful energy = 20 000 – 15 000 = 5000 J

c) Use the formula: efficiency = × 100%

efficiency = × 100% = 25%

3. Use the formula: power = potential difference × current ( P = V × I )


500 W = 250 V × current
current = 2 A

4. a) Use the formula: power = potential difference × current ( P = V × I )


60 W = 240 V × current
current = 0.25 A
b) Use the formula:
potential difference = current × resistance (V = I × R )
240 V = 0.25 A × resistance
resistance = 960 Ω

5. If there was a fault then any of the fuses could melt. If the fuse in the earth
connection melts instead of the usual fuse in the live connection, then the
appliance is not isolated from the live wire (see page 275), so it would be very
dangerous.

OUP GCSE Physics for You, Fifth Edition © Keith Johnson & Sue Holt, 2016 page 1 of 3
GCSE Physics for You, Fifth Edition

6. Use the formula:


energy transferred in kWh = power in kW × time in hours
energy transferred = 2 kW × 6 hours = 12 kWh
cost at 15p per kWh = 12 kWh × 15p = 180p (or £1.80)

7. a) Number of units used = 29984 – 28016 = 1968 units (or kWh)


b) Cost at 12p per unit = 1968 × 12p = 23 616p (or £236.16)

8. Total power = 2 kW + 0.2 KW + 3 × 0.1 kW = 2.5 kW


Use the formula:
energy transferred in kWh = power in kW × time in hours
energy transferred = 2.5 kW × 4 hours = 10 kWh
cost at 12p per kWh = 10 kWh × 12p = 120p (or £1.20)

9. a) A = blue, B = green and yellow, C = brown


b) i) B ii) C
c) A fuse
d) The fuse melts and switches off the current if a fault develops and the current
becomes too high.
e) See page 276.
f) The screw is tightened in a clockwise direction. Wire A has been wrapped in
the anticlockwise direction so the wire will tend to become looser.

10. Use the formula: power = potential difference × current ( P = V × I )


first row, car headlamp : current = 4 A, fuse = 5 A
second row, TV : current = 1 A, fuse = 3 A
third row, hairdryer : power = 460 W, fuse = 3 A
fourth row, iron : current = 4 A, fuse = 5 A
fifth row, kettle : power = 2300 W, fuse = 13 A

11. For both, consider ways of reducing:


a) the power of appliances (eg. by using LED bulbs instead of tungsten filament
lamps [see page 271]); and
b) the time for which appliances are left on (eg. by switching off lighting and not
over-filling kettles).

OUP GCSE Physics for You, Fifth Edition © Keith Johnson & Sue Holt, 2016 page 2 of 3
GCSE Physics for You, Fifth Edition

12. Consider a) the power of the CFL and LED lamps compared to traditional tungsten
filament lamps and b) their reduced running costs (see page 271 and the table on
page 117).
Since their power is less, then less electricity is needed for them to run, and this
reduces the impact of electricity generation on the environment (see page 110).

OUP GCSE Physics for You, Fifth Edition © Keith Johnson & Sue Holt, 2016 page 3 of 3

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