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DESIGN FOR TRANSFORMATIVE
LEARNING
The creative strategies in Design for Transformative Learning ofer a playful and
practical approach to learning from and adapting to a rapidly changing world.
Seeing continuous learning as more than the periodic acquisition of new skills
this book presents a design-led approach to revising the stories we tell ourselves,
unlearning old habits and embracing new practices.
This book maps learning opportunities across the contemporary landscape,
narrating global case studies from K12, higher education, design consultancies
and researchers. It ofers narrative context, best practices and emergent strategies
for how designers can partner in the important work of advancing a lifetime of
learning. Committed to driving sustained transformation this is a playbook of
practical moves for designing memory-making, perspective-shifting, hands-on
learning encounters. The book braids stories from design practice with theories
of change, transformative learning literature, cognitive and social psychology
research, afect theory and Indigenous knowing. Positioning the COVID-19
pandemic as a moment to question what was previously normalised, the book
proposes playful strategies for seeding transformational change.
The relational practice at the core of Design for Transformative Learning argues
that if learning is to be transformative the experience must be embodied, cog-
nitive and social. This book is an essential read for design and social innovation
researchers, facilitators of community engagement and co-design workshops,
design and arts educators and professional learning designers. It is a useful primer
for K12 teachers, organisational change practitioners and professional develop-
ment facilitators curious to explore the intersection of design and learning.
Lisa Grocott is currently a Professor of Design and the Director of Won-
derLab at Monash University, Australia where she leads the Future of Work
and Learning research program in the Emergent Technologies Research Lab.
A mother of two children raised in multiple countries, Lisa grew up in Aotearoa
New Zealand with a whakapapa to Ngāti Kahungunu on her mother’s side and
Pākehā from Waikato on her father’s side.
Design for Social Responsibility
Series Editor: Rachel Cooper
Lisa Grocott
Cover image: Lisa Grocott
First published 2022
by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2022 Lisa Grocott
The right of Lisa Grocott to be identifed as author of this work has been
asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs
and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced
or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other
means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and
recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identifcation and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record has been requested for this book
ISBN: 978-1-138-36755-5 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-24625-3 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-0-429-42974-3 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9780429429743
Typeset in Bembo
by codeMantra
WEBSITE
The companion website for the book is a practical resource that connects you to
many of the projects, activities, methods, designers and stories introduced here.
The site includes links to downloadable activities, templates for digital learning
encounters, additional refective narratives on transformative experiences and
the book bibliography.
www.designingtransformativelearning.com
Dedication
List of fgures xi
List of tables xiii
List of narratives xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xxiii
PART I
Designing Learning Encounters: An Introduction and
an Invitation 1
1 The Design of Transformative Learning Encounters 3
2 Automated Futures, Social Change and Forever Learning
Framing the Research 18
3 Perspective Shifts and New Ways of Being 35
Wonderings 51
PART II
Making Learning: Narratives and Case Studies
from Design Practice 57
4 Designing Making: Expanding the doing of Design 60
5 Design Process: Make Sense to Make Possible 70
6 Design Provocations: Make Visible to Make Believe 82
x Contents
PART III
Designing Learning: Keywords and Stories from
Psychology and Design 125
9 Social Psychology: Learning from Engaging and Empowering 129
10 Cognitive Psychology: Learning from Remembering and
Integrating 145
11 Creative Imagining: Learning from Sensing and Wondering 162
12 Designing Experiences: Learning from Making and Interacting 177
Wonderings 194
PART IV
Transformative Learning: A Matrix, a Constellation, a
Framework and More Questions 201
13 Transformative Engagement: Curiosity, Paradoxes and
Making Reconfgured 204
14 Seeding Transformation through Design:
A Designed Approach 216
15 Shift Work Elaborated: A Contingent Conclusion 233
Wonderings 248
Index 253
FIGURES
Early on the following morning the crowd was sitting in Bob Somers’
room at the hotel. Tom Clifton, at first just mildly vexed, threatened to
become real angry. Victor’s saucy face and ready tongue promised,
before very long, to call down upon his head a storm of wrath from
the future physician.
“I tell you these by-laws and Bob Somers’ ball nine will make a fine
stir among the chaps at the Kingswood High,” he snapped, sternly.
“Read your old by-laws,” challenged Victor, with an aggravating grin.
“I’ll not read ’em,” Tom flung back in icy tones.
“It’s all a pipe dream. Don’t believe the club will ever be formed,
anyway.”
“Then don’t!”
“All right—I won’t!”
“But I’ll bet that before you’re three-sixteenths of an inch taller, just
the same, we’ll have played half a dozen games.”
“Oh my, oh my! Is that so?” jeered Victor.
“Yes, it is so!”
“Come, come, boys,” interposed Dave, smilingly. “No joking, now.
Remember to-day is the day when our paths will be separated by a
waste of water.”
“A little of it sprinkled on that flowery remark wouldn’t be wasted,”
chirruped Victor. “See here, Clifton!”
“Well?”
“Going out with us now?”
“No! I haven’t finished yet. You chaps skip along. But don’t forget to
come back in time.”
Victor was ready with a parting shot.
“Just suppose I should shanghai the whole bunch on board the
‘Fearless’ and take ’em clean to Milwaukee?”
“That’s the way I’d expect them to go, unless they got all smeared up
with cylinder oil,” growled Tom.
“Listen to the smart Aleck! I mean, wouldn’t you be some scared?”
“Hey?” Tom’s usually gruff voice took on an odd note of shrillness.
“Hey?” he repeated, with a rising inflection. “Scared of what?”
“Why, to take that big car out alone.”
Tom’s forbearance was not proof against such insinuations.
“Well, I should rather say not!” he exclaimed, hotly. “I’d drive from
Kenosha to Kingswood without the quiver of an eye.”
“Hear—hear!—A new way to propel a motor car just discovered by
Chauffeur Clifton: no clutch; no gasoline required; ‘without the quiver
of an eye’ runs a car three hundred miles.”
“Oh, you’re mighty brilliant,” snapped Tom.
“Then don’t try to light on me. Are you going to be a flopper, Clifton?”
“A flopper! What in the mischief is that?”
“Well, it’s just like this——” Victor grinned in his most irritating
fashion. “If the boys shouldn’t happen to turn up you’ll know they’ve
gone to Milwaukee with me—see? Now, to flop would mean that
——”
“I hadn’t the nerve to take a flyer alone, I suppose?” supplemented
Tom. For an instant he scowled almost savagely. Then, catching a
wink from Dave Brandon, the expression of his face suddenly
softened. He gave a quiet laugh. “Can’t string me, lad; oh no!”
An approving nod from the historian rewarded this remark.
“Hope it doesn’t rain,” observed Bob, carelessly.
The boys glanced through the window-panes at an even gray
expanse of cloud against which the opposite buildings cut sharply.
“Looks mighty threatening,” admitted Dave. “Isn’t any worse than
yesterday, though.”
“Come ahead, fellows. We’ll start out, anyway,” cried Bob. “So-long,
Tom. Good luck!”
“Say, you Indians, he’s the easiest chap to jolly I ever came across.”
Victor opened the conversation in this agreeable style the moment
the four had stepped into the street.
“You’d better leave Tom alone,” cautioned Bob.
“He might take the law into his own hands,” drawled Dave. He smiled
whimsically. “When Tom gets started——”
“It must be something awful,” finished Victor, with a gurgle of mirth.
“Clifton’s a mighty fine chap, Vic,” declared Charlie, reprovingly.
“Wait till you know him a bit better. Where away, Bob?”
“It’s Spudger’s Great Combined Peerless Circus and Menagerie for
me.” Victor spoke in tones which admitted of no argument. He poked
Dave playfully in the ribs. “How about it, Brownie?”
The historian grinned complacently.
“I’m willing. What do you say, fellows?”
“Well, I wanted to take another look at Captain Bunderley’s yacht,”
answered Bob, slowly. “Still——”
“Run along, then,” grinned Victor. “Brandon’s on my side. Where do
you stand, Blakelets? Don’t hesitate. He who hesitates is lost.”
“No one ever could be in a nice little place like Kenosha,” said
Charlie, with a faint smile.
“Very good—that is for you. Which is it—circus or boat?”
The “grind” had long since outgrown such amusements as the
circus. Thoughts of the sawdust arena conjured up before his mental
vision nothing but frivolity and foolishness, so a prompt, “I’m with
Bob, Vic,” answered the query of the lawyer’s son.
“My name isn’t Bob Vic,” smiled Victor.
The smile presently grew into a laugh of such proportions that he
began to slap his knees in the paroxysm of mirth.
“Well?” demanded Bob, somewhat astonished.
“For goodness’ sake, what is the matter now?” asked Charlie.
“You’re the funniest chap I ever saw. Cut it out. People are looking.”
“Let ’em look,” gurgled Victor. “Something rich just struck me. Ha, ha!
Maybe Brandon could get a job as clown. Ha, ha! Wouldn’t that
round face of his look swell touched up with a little powder and paint,
eh? He could read some of those famous poems, too!”
“I’ll give the matter careful consideration,” said Dave, good-naturedly.
“And you might try for the position of animal tamer.”
“I’m an Indian tamer, now,” piped Victor. He seized Dave’s arm,
jerking him around. “You and I are going this way, Brownie. So-long,
Boblets. In about an hour we’ll meet you and Blakelets at the wharf.”
“All right,” laughed Bob. “I guess you’ll find us swapping land tales
for the sea tales of Captain Bunderley. So-long.”
Victor’s delicate fingers closed tightly around Dave’s wrist.
“Come ahead fast,” he ordered, imperiously. “Must be an awful lot to
see around that show.”
In a short time the two turned a corner where they came in sight, far
ahead, of a group of dull gray tents and tarpaulin-covered wagons.
On the lot the two boys found, despite the early hour, a scene of
great activity. Stock was being watered or fed, while performers and
other employees crowded the men’s tent. Huge wagons cast blurred
shadows over the ground. One lone chariot, left outside to whet the
appetite of the curious, stood before the main entrance. Its gilt
ornamentation, of wondrous curves and twists, framed a painting in
which the artist had allowed his fervid imagination full sway. A
hunter, in the African wilds, lay in the midst of tall, tangled grass with
the paws of a gigantic lion planted on his breast. The animal’s
mouth, astonishingly wide open, revealed a row of glistening teeth.
“That artist was certainly great on the dental work,” pronounced
Victor.
To another school of art, according to Dave, belonged several huge
canvases which flanked the main entrance. These were painted with
a bolder, broader touch, and represented “Adolphus,” the world-
renowned boy giant, “Zingar,” the celebrated dwarf, “Monsieur
Ormond de Sylveste,” wizard of bareback riders, in his speed-
defying and world-stupefying exhibition, “Tobanus,” the apparently
jointless wonder, a contortionist and sword swallower, and, lastly,
“Colossus,” “Titan,” and “Nero,” the three great African elephants
whose stupendous feats had amazed the whole civilized world.
“Some show, this,” laughed Victor, his eyes roaming over the scene
with great interest.
They crossed the lot, peeped into the mess tent, then wandered from
place to place, sometimes walking in the shadow of monster wagons
or long trucks whose heavy wheels were often sunk deep in the turf.
“Looks as if Spudger’s was here for life,” commented Victor.
“And yet the circus will probably leave to-night,” said Dave. “A
strenuous life, indeed—positively makes me weary even to think of
it. Oh ho! Come on, Vic.”
A nice, comfortable-looking stump a few yards away had attracted
the historian’s attention. Its call was altogether too strong to be
resisted. Unheeding the loud expostulations of Victor, he walked
over, and, with a sigh of satisfaction, seated himself upon it.
“A fine place to get a good perspective of the show, Vic,” he
exclaimed. “I’d like to make a sketch.”
“It won’t be done while I’m here,” said Victor, in positive tones;
“unless,” he added, mischievously, “you can work while your neck is
being tickled with a blade of grass.”
“Tyrant!” laughed Dave. He raised his finger warningly. “I give notice,
however: no power can budge me for at least five minutes.”
Victor looked displeased.
“That’s a challenge. We’ll see about it,” he snapped.
The lad immediately made an attempt to convince Dave that his
opinion on the subject was an entirely mistaken one. But all his
pushing and tugging merely resulted in Victor making himself quite
hot and uncomfortable.
It annoyed him very much indeed.
A second and more strenuous effort to dislodge the stout boy
brought forth a mild protest.
“Quit it!” commanded Dave.
“Humph; I don’t have to!”
The next instant Victor found his wrists being held in a grip of steel.
“Let go, Brandon; let go!” he stormed. “I’ll punch your head if you
don’t.”
“Promise to stop, Vic?”
“No; I’ll promise nothing, you big Indian, you large spot in the
landscape! Let go!”
“Only when I have your word, Vic.”
Victor struggled furiously to free himself.
“How dare you grab me like that, Brandon?” he howled. “Ouch! It
hurts like fun. Gee, if I don’t get square with you for this I never saw
a senator—and my father’s best friend’s a senator!”
“Hello, Jumbo, what’s up?”
This salutation, uttered in very loud tones, put a stop to further
hostilities.
Both instantly turned.
A lad—and a very odd-looking lad indeed—had just stepped from
behind a wagon and was surveying them with a curious mixture of
amusement and surprise. He appeared to be about fifteen years of
age. His round, chubby face was liberally besprinkled with freckles; a
mop of thick yellowish hair, supporting a dilapidated cap, straggled
across a broad forehead, the wind occasionally blowing it in his
eyes.
Dave found it difficult to repress a laugh.
“Looks like a real little character,” he said, softly, to himself.
“Hello, Jumbo, what’s up?” repeated the boy.
He shuffled forward, his movements being somewhat impeded by a
huge bucket of water in one hand and a broom in the other.
“Say—if ye’re abusin’ that little kid I won’t stan’ for it. Do you get
me?” he exclaimed.
Victor, already angry, bristled up.
“Why, we were only fooling, you silly duffer,” he retorted; “and——”
“Good-morning!” put in Dave, politely.
“Mornin’! Weren’t no scrap, then? Say, Jumbo, you’re too late;
Whiffin’s hired a fat man a’ready. You lookin’ for a job, Buster?”
Victor swelled up with hot indignation. To be addressed in such
slighting terms by a boy whose rough attire and general appearance
indicated a very low status in society was more than his nature could
stand.
“Get away from here, boy,” he snapped. “We didn’t say anything to
you.”
The freckle-faced lad’s mouth flew open. He set down broom and
bucket.
“Well, by gum, I said somethin’ to you.”
“And you needn’t say any more. Go on about your business.”
“If yer wasn’t so small I’d fetch you a clip for that.”
Victor’s anger rose to the boiling point.
“Chase him away, you Indian!” he shouted to Dave. “See here,
Freckles, my father is one of the biggest lawyers in Chicago.”
“I wouldn’t keer if he owned a whole sideshow, an’——”