Name: Class:10A

Name of the Teacher: Date :

Topic: 8. Introduction to Trigonometry

Preparatory Test 2 Question bank

Introduction to Trigonometry Class 10 Important Questions Very Short Answer (1

Mark)

Question 1.
If tan θ + cot θ = 5, find the value of tan 2θ + cot 2θ. (2012)
Solution:
tan θ + cot θ = 5 … [Given
tan2θ + cot2θ + 2 tan θ cot θ = 25 … [Squaring both sides
tan2θ + cot2θ + 2 = 25
∴ tan2θ + cot2θ = 23

Question 2.

Solution:
tan α = 3–√ = tan 60° …(i)
tan β = 13√ = tan 30° …(ii)
Solving (i) & (ii), α = 60° and β = 30°
∴ cot (α + β) = cot (60° + 30°) = cot 90° = 0
Question 3.
If sin θ – cos θ = 0, find the value of sin 4 θ + cos 4θ.

Question 4.
If sec θ + tan θ = 7, then evaluate sec θ – tan θ. (2017OD)
Solution:
We know that,
sec2θ – tan2θ = 1
(sec θ + tan θ) (sec θ – tan θ) = 1

1YBIS-ACAD-WS-F-01 Page |1 Version 1

(7) (sec θ – tan θ) = 1 …[sec θ + tan θ = 7; (Given)
∴ sec θ – tan θ = 17
Question 5.

Solution:

Question 6.
If cosec θ = 5/4, find the value of cot θ. (2014)
Solution:
We know that, cot2θ = cosec2θ – 1
= (5/4)2 – 1 ⇒ 25/16 – 1 ⇒ (25−16)/16
coť2θ = 9/16 i cot θ = 3/4
Question 7.
If θ = 45°, then what is the value of 2 sec2θ + 3 cosec2θ ? (2014)

Question 8.

Solution:

Question 9.
What happens to value of cos when increases from 0° to 90°? (2015)
Solution:
cos 0° = 1, cos 90° = 0
When θ increases from 0° to 90°, the value of cos θ decreases from 1 to 0.

Question 10.

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Solution:

Question 11
If in a right angled ∆ABC, tan B = 12/5, then find sin B. (2014)
Solution:
1st method:
tan B = 12/5 ∴ cot B = 5/12
cosec2 B = 1 + cot2 B

cosec B = 13/12 ∴ sin B = 12/13

2nd method:

tan B = 12/5
tan B = AC/BC
Let AC = 12k, BC = 5k
In rt. ∆ACB,
AB2 = AC2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem
AB2 = (12k)2 + (5k)2
AB2 = 144k2 + 25k22 = 169k2
AB = 13k
∴ sin B = AC/AB=12k/13k=12/13
Question 12.
If ∆ABC is right angled at B, what is the value of sin (A + C). (2015)
Solution:

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∠B = 90° …[Given
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180° …[Angle sum property of a ∆
∠A + ∠C + 90° = 180°
∠A + ∠C = 90°
∴ sin (A + C) = sin 90° = 1 …(taking sin both side

Introduction to Trigonometry Class 10 Important Questions Short Answer-I (2

Marks)

Question 13.
If cos (A + B) = 0 and sin (A – B) = 3, then find the value of A and B where A and B
are acute angles. (2012)
Solution:

Putting the value of B in (i), we get

⇒ A = 30° + 30° = 60°
∴ A = 60°, B = 30°

Question 14.
If A, B and C are the interior angles of a ∆ABC, show that sin ((A+B)/2) = cos(c/2).
(2012)
Solution:
In ∆ABC, ∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180° …(Angle sum property of ∆
∠A + ∠B = 180° – ∠C

Question 15.
If x = p sec θ + q tan θ and y = p tan θ + q sec θ, then prove that x2 – y2 = p2 – q2.
(2014)
Solution:
L.H.S. = x2 – y2

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= (p sec θ + q tan θ)2 – (p tan θ + q sec θ)2
= p2 sec θ + q2 tan2 θ + 2 pq sec 2 tan 2 -(p2 tan2 θ + q2 sec2 θ + 2pq sec θ tan θ)
= p2 sec θ + 2 tan2 θ + 2pq sec θ tan θ – p2 tan2 θ – q2 sec θ – 2pq sec θ tan θ
= p2(sec2 θ – tan2 θ) – q2(sec?2 θ – tan2 θ) =
= p2 – q2 …[sec2 θ – tan2 θ = 1
= R.H.S.

Question 16.
Prove the following identity: (2015)

Solution:

Question 17.

Solution:

Question 18.
If x = a cos θ – b sin θ and y = a sin θ + b cos θ, then prove that a2 + b2 = x2 + y2.
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(2015)
Solution:
R.H.S. = x2 + y2
= (a cos θ – b sin θ)2 + (a sin θ + b cos θ)2
= a2cos2 θ + b2 sin2 θ – 2ab cos θ sin θ + a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ
= a2(cos2 θ + sin2θ) + b2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)
= a2 + b2 = L.H.S. …[∵ cos2 θ + sin2 θ = 1

Introduction to Trigonometry Class 10 Important Questions Short Answer – II (3

Marks)

Question 19.
Given 2 cos 3θ = √3, find the value of θ. (2014)
Solution:
2 cos 3θ = √3 …[Given
cos 3θ = √3/2 ⇒ cos 3θ = cos 30°
30 = 30° ∴ θ = 10°
Question 20.
If sin θ = 1/2, then show that 3 cos θ – 4 cos3 θ = 0. (2014)
Solution:
sin θ = 1/2
sin θ = sin 30° ⇒ θ = 30°
L.H.S = 3 cos θ – 4 cos3 θ
= 3 cos 30° – 4 cos3(30°)

Question 21.

Solution:

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Given: 5 sin θ = 4

Question 22.
In figure, ∆PQR right angled at Q, PQ = 6 cm and PR = 12 cm. Determine ∠QPR
and ∠PRQ. (2013)

Solution:
In rt. ∆PQR,
PQ2 + QR2 = PR2 …[By Pythogoras’ theorem

(6)2 + QR2 = (12)2

QR2 = 144 – 36

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QR2 = 108

Question 23.

Solution:

Question 24.
Prove that: (2012)

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Solution:

Question 25.
Prove that: (tanθ+secθ−1)(/tanθ−secθ+1)=(1+sinθ)/cosθ (2012, 2017D)
Solution:

Question 26.

Solution:

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Question 27.
Prove the identity: (sec A – cos A). (cot A + tan A) = tan A . sec A. (2014)
Solution:
L.H.S.= (sec A – cos A) (cot A + tan A)

Question 28.

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Solution:

Question 29

Solution:

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Question 30.

Solution:

Introduction to Trigonometry Class 10 Important Questions Long Answer (4 Marks)

Question 31.
In an acute angled triangle ABC, if sin (A + B – C) = 1/2 and cos (B + C – A)
= 1/√2, find ∠A, ∠B and ∠C. (2012)
Solution:

Putting the values of A and B in (iii), we get

67.5° + B + 75o = 180°
B = 180° – 67.5° – 75o = 37.5°
∴ ∠A = 67.5°, ∠B = 37.5° and ∠C = 75°
Question 32.
Evaluate: (2013)

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Solution:

Question 33.
Evaluate the following: (2015)

Solution:

Question 34.
If θ = 30°, verify the following: (2014)
(i) cos 3θ = 4 cos3 θ – 3 cos θ
(ii) sin 3θ = 3 sin θ – 4 sin3θ
Solution:

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Question 35.
If tan (A + B) = √ 3and tan (A – B) = 1/√3 where 0 < A + B < 90°, A > B, find A and
B. Also calculate: tan A. sin (A + B) + cos A. tan (A – B). (2015)

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Solution:

Question 36.
Find the value of cos 60° geometrically. Hence find cosec 60°. (2012, 2017D)
Solution:

Let ∆ABC be an equilateral ∆.

Let each side of triangle be 2a.
Since each angle in an equilateral ∆ is 60°
∴ ∠A = ∠B = ∠C = 60°
Draw AD ⊥ BC
In ∆ADB and A∆ADC,
AB = AC … [Each = 2a
AD = AD …[Common
∠1 -∠2 … [Each 90°
∴ ∆ADB = ∆ADC …[RHS congruency rule
BD = DC = 2a/2 = a

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In rt. ∆ADB, cos 60° = BD/AB=a/2a=1/2

Question 37.

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Question 38.

Solution:

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Question 39.
If cot B = 12/5, prove that tan2B – sin2B = sin4 B . sec2 B. (2013)
Solution:
cot B = 12/5 :: AB/BC=12/5

AB = 12k, BC = 5k
In rt. ∆ABC, …[By Pythagoras’ theorem
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
AC2 = (12k)2 + (5k)2
AC2 = 144k2 + 25k2
AC2 = 169k2
AC = +13k …[∵ Hypotenuse cannot be -ve

Question 40.

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Solution:

Question 41.

Solution:
(i) L.H.S. = b2x2 – a2y2
= b2(a sec θ)2 – a2(b tan θ)2
= b2a2 sec θ – a2b2 tan2θ
= b2a2(sec2 θ – tan2 θ)
= b2a2(1) …[∵ sec2θ – tan2 θ = 1
= a2b2 = R.H.S.

(ii) L.H.S. = b2x2 – a2y2

= b2(a cosec θ)2 – a2(b cot θ)2
= b2a2 cosec2 θ – a2b2 cot2 θ
= b2a2(cosec2θ – cot2 θ)
= b2a2 (1) ..[∵ cosec2 θ – cot2 θ = 1
= a2b2= R.H.S.

Question 42.
If sec θ – tan θ = x, show that sec θ + tan θ = 1/x and hence find the values of cos θ
and sin θ. (2015)
Solution:

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Question 43.
If cosec θ + cot θ = p, then prove that cos θ = p 2−1/p 2+1. (2012)
Solution:

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cosec θ + cot θ = p

Question 44.
If tan θ + sin θ = p; tan θ – sin θ = q; prove that p2 – q2 = 4√pq. (2012)
Solution:
L.H.S. = p2 – q2
= (tan θ + sin θ)2 – (tan θ – sin θ)2
= (tan2θ + sin2θ + 2.tanθ.sinθ) – (tan2θ + sin2θ – 2tan θ sin θ)
= 2 tan θ sin θ+ 2 tan θ sin θ
= 4 tan θ sin θ …(i)

Question 45.
If sin θ + cos θ = m and sec θ + cosec θ = n, then prove that n(m2 – 1) = 2m.
(2013)
Solution:
m2 – 1 = (sin θ + cos θ)2 – 1
= sin2 θ + cos2θ + 2 sin θ cos θ – 1
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= 1 + 2 sin θ cos θ – 1
= 2 sin θ cos θ …[sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
L.H.S. = n(m2 – 1)
= (sec θ + cosec θ) 2 sin θ cos θ

Question 46.

Prove that: = 2 cosec A (2012)

Solution:

Question 47.

Solution:
In ∆ABC, ∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180° … [Sum of the angles of ∆

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∠B + ∠C = 180° – ∠A

Question 48.
Find the value of: (2013)

Solution:

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Question 49.
Prove that: (sin θ + cos θ + 1). (sin θ – 1 + cos θ) . sec θ . cosec θ = 2 (2014)
Solution:
L.H.S. = (sin θ + cos θ + 1) (sin θ – 1 + cos θ) . sec θ cosec θ
= [(sin θ + cos θ) + 1] [(sin θ + cos θ) – 1] . sec θ cosec θ
= [(sin θ + cos θ)2 – (1)2] sec θ cosec θ …[∵ (a + b)(a – b) = a2 – b2
= (sin2 θ + cos2θ + 2 sin θ cos θ – 1]. sec θ cosec θ
= (1 + 2 sin θ cos θ – 1). sec θ cosecθ …[∵ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1
= (2 sin θ cos θ). 1cosθ⋅1sinθ
= 2 = R.H.S. …(Hence proved)
Question 50.
Prove that: (2014)

Solution:

Question 51.

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Solution:

Question 52.
Prove the identity: (2015)

Solution:

Question 53.
Prove the following trigonometric identities: sin A (1 + tan A) + cos A (1 + cot A) =
sec A + cosec A. (2015)
Solution:
L.H.S.

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= sin A (1 + tan A) + cos A (1 + cot A)

Question 54.
Prove that: (cot A + sec B)2 – (tan B – cosec A)2 = 2(cot A . sec B + tan B. cosec A)
(2014)
Solution:
L.H.S.
= (cot A + sec B)2 – (tan B – cosec A)2
= cot2 A + sec2 B + 2 cot A sec B – (tan2 B + cosec2 A – 2 tan B cosec A)
= cot2 A + sec2 B + 2 cot A sec B – tan2 B – cosec2 A + 2 tan B cosec A
= (sec2 B – tan2 B) – (cosec2 A – cot2 A) + 2(cot A sec B + tan B cosec A)
= 1 – 1 + 2(cot A sec B + tan B cosec A) … [∵ sec2B – tan2 B = 1
cosec2A – cot2 A = 1
= 2(cot A . sec B + tan B . cosec A) = R.H.S.

Question 55.
If x = r sin A cos C, y = r sin A sin C and z = r cos A, then prove that x2 + y2 + z2 =
r2. (2017OD)
Solution:
x = r sin A cos C; y = r sin A sin C; z = r cos A
Squaring and adding,
L.H.S. x2 + y2 + z2 = 2 sin2 A cos2C + r2 sin2 A sin2 C + r2 cos2 A
= r2 sin2 A(cos2 C + sin2 C) + r2 cos2 A
= r2 sin2 A + r2 cos2 A … [cos2θ + sin2θ = 1
= r2 (sin2 A + cos2 A) = r2 = R.H.S.

Question 56.
Prove that: (2017OD)

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Solution:

Question 57.
In the adjoining figure, ABCD is a rectanlge with breadth BC = 7 cm and ∠CAB =
30°. Find the length of side AB of the rectangle and length of diagonal AC. If the
∠CAB = 60°, then what is the size of the side AB of the rectangle. [Use √ 3= 1.73
and √2 = 1.41, if required) (2014OD)

Solution:

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