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MIDTERM 4.1 - Information Dissemination (Part 1)

The document outlines the process of information dissemination in pharmacy practice, emphasizing the role of pharmacists in providing drug information. It details guidelines for responding to drug information requests, including securing demographics, obtaining background information, and formulating responses. Various methods and mediums for disseminating information, such as phone calls, emails, and newsletters, are also discussed.

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25 views28 pages

MIDTERM 4.1 - Information Dissemination (Part 1)

The document outlines the process of information dissemination in pharmacy practice, emphasizing the role of pharmacists in providing drug information. It details guidelines for responding to drug information requests, including securing demographics, obtaining background information, and formulating responses. Various methods and mediums for disseminating information, such as phone calls, emails, and newsletters, are also discussed.

Uploaded by

christinemedida
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT IV.

INFORMATION
DISSEMINATION
LEARNING OUTCOMES
O Discuss Information dissemination to various
recipients
O Identify different medium to disseminate
information
O Role play a pharmacist disseminating
information to a drug request
O Realize the importance of the role of pharmacist
in drug information dissemination
O Participate actively in class discussion and
activities
INFORMATION
DISSEMINATION

O -is to distribute or broadcast information.


O This refers to as an active distribution and
the spreading of information of all kinds to
the users or those audiences that deserve it.
O Pharmacy Practice
O Drug Information Service (DIS)
O Patient Counseling
Guidelines in Formulating Responses to
Drug Information Requests

O Step 1: Secure Demographics of Requestor


O Step 2: Obtain Background Information
O Step 3: Determine and Categorize the Ultimate
Question
O Step 4: Develop Strategy and Conduct Search
O Step 5: Perform Evaluation, Analysis, and
Synthesis
O Step 6: Formulate and Provide Response
O Step 7: Conduct Follow-Up and Documentation
Step 1: Secure Demographics
of Requestor
O The requestor's "profession" (e.g. physician,
pharmacist, nurse, lay person)-to know
education, experience, and knowledge base.
O •The respondent should gather information
from the requestor that will allow him or her
to reply to the request.
O • Examples include: the requestor's
address, phone number, pager number, mail
or email and fax number.
Information dissemination to
various recipients
Information dissemination to
various recipients
o Patients (personal)
o Relatives/other laypersons
o Co-Healthcare (personal)
o Industry
o Other stakeholders
Step 2: Obtain Background
Information
General questions for obtaining background information
include:
O 1.The resources that the requestor already consulted
O 2.Whether the request is patient specific or academic
O 3.The patient’ diagnosis, medications and pertinent
medical information
O 4.The urgency of the request

O •Requestors who are intermediaries in the transfer of


information present a special challenge for obtaining
the background.
Step 3: Determine and Categorize
the Ultimate Question
WAYS:
O • Appropriate background information allows the
exact question to be determined
O • The requestor's purpose for the information
must be understood to effectively use the systematic
approach and adequately answer the question
O • Restate the request to confirm the question
with the caller
O • Develop a time line for response
O • Categorize the question
O Classification of the request helps in
developing a more effective search strategy
and in determining the resources that
should be used
Examples:
O •What is the dose of digoxin?
O •Do we have salbutamol in stock?
Examples of question classifications include:
O Adverse Drug Reaction/contraindication
O Availability
O Dose
O Drug compatibility/stability
O Drug interaction
O Drug therapy (academic? Patient-specific)
O Drug identification
Step 4: Develop Strategy and
Conduct Search
WAYS:
O • Develop a search strategy
O • Select and prioritize resources based
on the probability of locating the desired
information
O • Conduct a systematic search
Step 5: Perform Evaluation,
Analysis, and Synthesis
O • Objectively and thoroughly evaluate located
information
O • Confirm information with other references
to assure consistency between various
resources
O • Performing a comprehensive search is an
important part of this process to ensure
recommendations are based on all of the
current evidence available
O • Derive an answer by professional judgment
after critically analyzing the available information
when resources do not provide a direct answer
Step 6: Formulate and Provide
Response
The pharmacist should:
O Restate the question and any pertinent background
information
O Present the competing viewpoints along with the references
O State the assessment of the literature and claim the superior
viewpoint
O Succinctly refute the major strengths and present
weaknesses of the inferior viewpoint
O Defend the major weaknesses and promote the strengths of
the superior viewpoint
O Reiterate the final assessment in support of the superior
viewpoint.
O Submit the response to the requestor in a timely fashion to
assure quality service and preserve professional respect
Step 7: Conduct Follow-Up
and Documentation
Methods of documentation (examples) include:
O Paper form
O Logbook
O Computer database

Reasons for documentations (examples) include:


O Justification of pharmacist's professional value
to the institution
O Future reference for repetitive drug information
requests
O Protective measure against legal liability
Methods of follow-up
O Mail survey
O Phone call
O Written communication
O Reasons for follow-up
O Follow-up is the process of verifying the
appropriateness, correctness, and
completeness of a response following the
communication.
O Follow-through is the process of
readdressing a request based on the
availability of new data or a change in the
situation or circumstances that were
decisive factors in the synthesis of a
response.
O What Is the Right Medium for
Dissemination?
O Information dissemination through various
medium
O Via phone
O Letter writing
O Via e-mail
O Newsletter
O Patient information leaflet
O Mobile applications
conclusion
O Guidelines in Formulating Responses to
Drug Information Requests

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