BIALYSTOK UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences

Department of Energy–Efficient Construction and Geodesy

TOPIC: Composite Slab Design

USED SOFTWARE : Robot Structural Analysis &Autocad

Subject:
Composite Structures

The author:
Mehmet Alan

Submitted to:

Agnieszka Jabłońska-Krysiewicz

Białystok, 2023/2024
 Introduction
This report presents the design calculations for a composite slab and beam structure. The
analysis considers both the construction stage and the composite stage, ensuring that
serviceability and ultimate limit states are satisfied. The calculations follow Eurocode 2, 3,
and 4, with the design based on the provided data.

Project Details
Name: Mehmet Alan
Student ID: 114723
Professor: Agnieszka Jablonska
Semester: 7th

Designing of a composite floor slab for both construction stage andcomposite stage.
1. Design for composite slab

MAIN DATA FOR CALCULATION

- Length of composite floor slab span: L1= 2 m

-Loads:
* Floor finishes load: gk= 0,50kN/m2
* live load: pk= 5,0kN/m2
- Reinforcing steel: B500SP
- Sheet and slab dimensions ( profile steel sheeting-
PEVA 45): bs= 187,5mm
bb=83,5
mm
bo=113,0
mmbr=45,0
mm
hp=45,0
mm ep=18,0
mm
hc= 115,0 mm(The thickness of concrete)
h= 160 mm (The overall depth of the composite
slab) t= 0,9 mm(Thickness of steel sheeting
profile)
 Fig.1. Floor plan view

Fig. 2 . Vertical section of Composite Slab

Fig.3. Sheet and slab dimensions

The slab is designed for both the construction stage and the composite stage.

In the construction stage, the steel sheeting acts as shuttering and has to carry its own weight, the wet
concrete ,the construction loads. and "ponding" effect (increased depth of concrete due to deflection of
the sheeting). If the central deflection of the sheeting under its own weight plus that of the wet concrete,
calculated for serviceability, is less than 1/10 of the slab depth, the ponding effect may be ignored in the
design of the steel sheeting. If this limit is exceeded, this effect should be allowed for. It may be assumed
in design that the nominal thickness of the concrete is increased over the whole span by 0,7 δ. Account
shall be taken of the effect of props, if any.

Verification of the profiled steel sheeting for ultimate limit states should be in accordance with EN 1993-
1-3. Due consideration should be given to the effect of embossments or indentations on the design
resistances.

In verification of profiled steel sheeting as shuttering for serviceability limit states we should take into
account:
1- Section properties should be determined in accordance with EN 1993-1-3.
2- The deflection δs of the sheeting under its own weight plus the weight of wet concrete, excluding the
construction load, should not exceed L/180,
In the construction stage we accept the 3-span beams for calculation of internal forces.
In the composite stage the slab has to carry its own weight, floor finishes and the live load.
In the composite stage we accept the single-span beam for calculation of internal forces.

1.1 Construction stage

1.1.1 Loads

Due to the considerable slenderness of the walls, the effective (reduced) moments of inertia and the
strengths of the cross-section shall be taken into account. It is important to take into account the
differences resulting from the unequal reduction of the cross-sectional load, depending on whether the
lower or upper edge of the sheet is compressed. Technical data for PEVA 45 sheets for different
thicknesses are given in Table 1.1.

Thickness Design nominal weight Bending load Bending load

of steel thickness cross- capacity capacity
sheeting mm section of (compressed (compressed
the upper edge) lower edge)
profile sheeting kN·m/m kN·m/m
mm Mdop+ Mdop-
on width kg/m kg/m² Mk+ Mk -
slab b
Ap mm²/m
0,7 0,63 933 6,57 8,74 2,51 1,48 3,98 2,34
0,8 0,72 1066 7,52 10,00 3,21 1,89 4,62 2,72
0,9 0,82 1214 8,46 11,23 3,93 2,31 5,34 3,14

Thickness of Moment of inertia Moment of inertia Load capacity

steel sheeting (compressedupper edge)) (compressedlower edge) of the web
kN·m/m kN·m/m Pr,dop kN/m
profile

+
lpr l+ lpr- l-

0,7 21,12 27,25 26,20 30,55 9,59

0,8 26,10 31,84 31,27 34,91 12,16

0,9 31,27 36,26 37,07 39,76 15,34

Concrete cross section area per rib of sheeting

Ab,s=bs·hc+0,5(bs-br+bb)·hp= 18,75·11,50+0,5(18,75-4,50+8,35)·4,50=266,75 cm²
Calculated on 1 meter of slab width:
Ab = Abs = 266,75 cm2 = 1421,2 cm²/m
bs 0,185
Average slab thickness 14,21 cm
Self weight of the wet concrete (We should be taken into account in calculations the weight of the
wet concrete 26 kN/m³)

Ab ∙ 26 = 0,14212 · 26 = 3,7 kN/m²

Tabl. 1.2. Lodas in construction stage
 Type of loads Characteristic value Partial safety Design value
kN/m² factor kN/m²
γf
Self weight of the wet oncrete 3,20 1,35 4,32
Self weight of the sheeting 0,11 1,35 0,15
Sum of permanent loads gk =3,30 - gd =4,46
Distributed construction load pk =1,0 1,50 pd =1,50
1.1.2. Calculation of internal forces and moments
In the construction stage we accept the 3-span beams for calculation of internal forces
The exact calculations should include the variability of inertia moments (different stiffness in the bend
and on the supports). Due to the slight difference in inertia moments in the compression of the lower
edge and the compression of the upper edge for PEVA 45 profile steel sheeting, internal forces can be
determined as for a constant section beam. We calculate internal bending moments and shear forces
using the Winkler's boards.

Uniform load

g- permanent loads, p-variable loads

Internal forces in steel sheeting:

Maximum hogging bending moment ( at second suport)-design value

Mpod = (0,1 ∙ gd + 0,117 ∙ pd) ∙ L2 =1 (0,1 ∙ 4,46 + 0,117 ∙ 1,50) ∙ 2² = 2,486 kNm/m

Maximum sagging bending moment ( in midspan)- design value

Mprz = (0,08 ∙ gd + 0,101 ∙ pd) ∙ L2 =1 (0,08 ∙ 4,46 + 0,101 ∙ 1,50) ∙ 2² = 2,03 kNm/m

Maximum hogging bending moment – characteristic value ( This value is needed for calculating of
deflection)
Mk,max = (0,1 ∙ gk + 0,05 ∙ pk) ∙ L2 1= (0,1 ∙ 3,30 + 0,05 ∙ 1,00) ∙ 2² = 1,52 kNm/m

Maximum hogging bending moment from uniform loads– characteristic value

Mk = (0,1 ∙ gk) ∙ L21 = (0,1 ∙ 3,30) ∙ 2,40² = 1,32 kNm/m

Maximum reaction force on support

Rsd = (1,1 ∙ gd + 1,2 ∙ pd) ∙ L1 = (1,1 ∙ 4,46 + 1,2 ∙ 1,50) ∙ 2 = 13,41 kN/m
 Deflection Limit Check for Composite Floor Slab
1. Deflection Check with L/180 Criterion
According to the requirements, the deflection δs of the sheeting under its own weight plus the weight of
wet concrete, excluding the construction load, should not exceed the limit L/180.
Calculation:
L/180 = 2000 mm / 180 = 11.11 mm

The calculated deflection δs = 4.48 mm, which is less than the L/180 limit of 11.11 mm.
Therefore, the L/180 deflection criterion is satisfied.
2. Check Against Slab Depth Criterion (1/10 of the Slab Depth)
The deflection δs should also be less than 1/10 of the slab depth to ignore ponding effects.

Calculation:
1/10 of slab depth (h/10) = 160 mm / 10 = 16 mm

The calculated deflection δs = 4.48 mm, which is less than 16 mm.

Therefore, no ponding effects need to be considered, as the deflection meets this criterion.
3. Deflection Check with L/250 Criterion
In addition, the maximum deflection δs,max should not exceed L/250.

Calculation:
L/250 = 2000 mm / 250 = 8.0 mm

The calculated maximum deflection δs,max = 6.46 mm, which is less than the L/250 limit of 8.0 mm.
Therefore, the L/250 deflection criterion is also satisfied.
Conclusion
All deflection criteria have been met:

- The deflection δs under its own weight plus wet concrete weight is less than L/180.
- The deflection δs is less than 1/10 of the slab depth, so no ponding effects are required.
- The maximum deflection δs,max is also less than L/250.

Therefore, the deflection limits for serviceability are satisfied for this composite floor slab design.
If serviceability limit states are ok we check steel sheeting for bending moment and shear force using
values from point 1.1.2 – go to point 1.1.4

1.1.4 Calculation of Bending Moment and Force Resistances - Check for ULS (Ultimate Limit State)
As the capacity of the bending sheet, given in Table 1, includes the characteristic and permissible values
calculated at the global safety factor of 1.7, we should calculate design values of bending moment capacity
and load capacity of the web.

Calculation of Design Values

1. Hogging Bending Moment Resistance (Mpa1):

Mpa1 = Mk⁻ / γM = 4.62 / 1.1 = 4.2 kNm

2. Sagging Bending Moment Resistance (Mpa2):

Mpa2 = Mk⁺ / γM = 3.21 / 1.1 = 2.918 kNm

3. Load Capacity of the Web (PRd):

 PRd = PR,dop * 1.7 / γM = 12.16 * 1.7 / 1.1 = 18.793 kN

Design Check
1. For Maximum Hogging Bending Moment:

Mpod / Mpa1 = 0.935 / 4.2 = 0.223 < 1 (Criterion satisfied)

2. For Maximum Sagging Bending Moment:

Mprz / Mpa2 = 0.714 / 2.918 = 0.245 < 1 (Criterion satisfied)

3. For Maximum Reaction Force on Support:

Rsd / PRd = 8.248 / 18.793 = 0.439 < 1 (Criterion satisfied)

Conclusion
All design checks for the Ultimate Limit State (ULS) have been satisfied:

- The maximum hogging bending moment is within the acceptable limit.

- The maximum sagging bending moment is within the acceptable limit.
- The maximum reaction force on the support is within the acceptable limit.

Therefore, the ULS requirements are met for this composite floor slab on steel sheeting and composite
beam.

Type of loads Characteristic value Partial safety factor Design value

kN/m² γf kN/m²
Self weight of 3,69 1,35 4,99
theconcrete slab
0,1421·26
Self weight of the 0,11 1,35 0,149
sheeting
Floor finishes load 0,50 1,35 0,675
Permanent loads ∑ gk= 4,3 - gd = 5,8
Live load pk = 5,0 1,5 pd =7,5
∑ Permanent loads+ qk = 9,3 - q = 13,95
Live load
∑ Floor finishes qkd = 5,50 - qd = 8,25
load+Live load

1.2. Composite stage

1.2.1 Loads

Plastic analysis without any direct check on rotation capacity may be used for the ultimate limit
state if reinforcing of class C in accordance with EN 1992-1-1, Annex C is used and the span is not greater
than 3,0 m.
A continuous slab may be designed as a series of simply supported spans. Nominal reinforcement
in accordance should be provided over intermediate supports.
Where continuous slabs are designed as simply-supported, the cross-sectional area of the anti- crack
reinforcement above the ribs should be not less than 0,2% of the cross-sectional area of the concrete above
the ribs for un-propped construction and 0,4% of this cross-sectional area for propped construction.

Tabl. 1.2.1. Loads in composite stage

1.2.2. Calculation of internal forces and moments

Maximum value of bending moment

Maximum value of shear force

1.2.3. The bending resistance Mpl.Rd - Check for ULS (Ultimate Limit State)

………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….
THEORY
In case of full shear connection the bending resistance M Rd of any cross section should be
determined by plastic theory but with the design yield strength of the steel member (sheeting) taken asthat
for the sheeting fyp,d.
Case 1.
The sagging bending resistance of a cross-section with the neutral axis above the sheeting should be
calculated from the stress distribution in Figure 6.

Fig.6. Stress distribution for sagging bending if the neutral axis is above the steel sheeting

The neutral axis is above the sheeting when:

The position of neutral axis we can calculate from equation :

Ap – nominal cross-section of the sheeting on width slab b,

dp – distance between the centroidal axis of the profiled steel sheeting and the extreme fibre of the
composite slab in compression,
fyp,d – Design value of the yield strength of profiled steel sheeting,
xpl – Distance between the plastic neutral axis and the extreme fibre of the concrete slab in
compression
fcd -design value of the cylinder con1pressive strength of concrete

Case 2.
The sagging bending resistance of a cross-section with the neutral axis in the sheeting should becalculated
from the stress distribution in Figure 7.

1 2

Fig.7. Stress distribution for sagging bending if the neutral axis is in the sheeting
 Calculation of position of neutral axis

Since xpl < hc , the neutral axis lies above the steel sheeting, and we must use Case 1 for further
calculations.

Conclusion: The design check for bending moment is OK as M/Mpl,Rd < 1

Design check:
1.2.7.