Marking Scheme

Strictly Confidential

SET 32/5/2
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Secondary School Examination,2023
SOCIAL SCIENCE (SUBJECT CODE 087)
General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct assessment of the
candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems which may affect the future of the
candidates, education system and teaching profession. To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting
evaluation, you must read and understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the examinations
conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to public in any manner could lead
to derailment of the examination system and affect the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing
this policy/document to anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc
may invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not be done according
to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking Scheme should be strictly adhered to and
religiously followed. However, while evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or
knowledge and/or are innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks
be awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based questions, please try to
understand given answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme but correct competency is
enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The students can have
their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks should be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each evaluator on the first day,
to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is
any variation, the same should be zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant
for evaluation shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be marked. Evaluators
will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that answer is correct and no marks are
awarded. This is most common mistake which evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks awarded for different
parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-hand margin and encircled. This may be
followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and encircled. This may
also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more marks should be retained
and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only once.

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11 A full scale of marks 80 (example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in Question Paper) has to be used.
Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer deserves it.

12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours every day and
evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books per day in other subjects (Details are
given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the reduced syllabus and number of questions in question paper.
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the Examiner in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark is correctly and
clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.

14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should be marked as cross
(X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error detected by the
candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the evaluation work as also of the Board.
Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed
meticulously and judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines for spot
Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to the title page,
correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on payment of the prescribed
processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head Examiners are once again reminded that they
must ensure that evaluation is carried out strictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking
Scheme.

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 SET-32/5/2 MARKING SCHEME-
SOCIAL SCIENCE (087) MM-80

Q.No. Marks

VALUE POINTS
1X20=20
SECTION A

(Multiple Choice Question)

1. (a) Both Assertion(A) and Reason (R) are true and reason(R) is the correct
1
explanation of the Assertion(A) Pg.51

2.
(d) It does not allow room to correct mistakes. Pg.64 1
3.
(d) 10060 Pg.9 1
4.
(c) 59% Pg.2 1
5.
(d) I and II Pg.11 1
6.
(d) Primary sector specially unorganizedPg.20 1
7.
(c) Organized sector Pg.30 1
8.
(d) The Reserve Bank of India Pg.48 1
9.
(d) United States of America Pg.58 1
10.
(d) Access information instantly across countries Pg.63 1
11.
(c) Economic System Pg.75 1
12.
(c) Bible Pg.109 1
13.
(d) Vallabhbhai Patel Pg.35 1
14.
(b) She took part in the French revolution Pg.23 1
15.
(c) Commercial farming - Use of higher doses of modern inputs Pg.31 1
16.
(a) 1972 Pg.14 1

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 17.
(b) Mining Pg.6 1
18.
(b) Sinhala Pg.3 1
19.
(b) I, II, and IV Pg.15-16 1
20.
(d) As per the constitution, religion can never be separated from politics. 1

Pg.36
SECTION B 4X2=8
(Very Short Answers type question )
21.
How was India affected by the Great Depression of 1929? Explain. (2X1=2)

(i) The depression immediately affected Indian trade.

(ii) India’s exports and imports nearly halved between 1928 and 1934.

(iii) As international prices crashed,prices in India also plunged.(Between 1928 and

1934, wheat prices in India fell by 50 percent.)

(iv) Peasants and farmers suffered more than urban dwellers.

(v) Agricultural prices fell sharply, the colonialthe government refused to reduce
the revenue demand.

(vi) Peasants producing for the world market were the worst hit.

(vii) The depression proved less grim for urban India.

(viii) Due to falling prices, those with fixed incomes now found themselves better off.

(ix) Any other relevant point.Pg.96

(To be assessed as whole )

22.
(a)“Energy saved is energy produced”. Support the statement. (2X1=2)

(i) There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of development.

(ii) Promotion of energy conservation and increased use of

renewable energy resources are twin planks of energy

Conservation.

(iii) Judicious use of limited energy resources.

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 (iv)Reduce, reuse and recycling of resources.

(v)Stoppage of wastage of resources

(vi) Any other relevant point. Pg.55

(Any two points to be explained )

OR

(b) Why is there a pressing need to use non -conventional energy resources?
(2X1=2)
Explain.

(i) Limited availability of resources

(ii) The growing consumption of energy has resulted in depletion of fossil fuels.

(ii) Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have raised
uncertainties.

(iii) Increasing use of fossil fuel has caused serious environmental problems.

(iv) Urbanization and industrialization

(v) Any other relevant point. Pg.54

(Any two points to be explained )

23.
“Communalism is harmful for the nation”.Explain.
(2X1=2)
(i) When beliefs of one religion are presented as superior to those of other religions a
(ii) Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of
social community.
(iii) Communalism leads to the belief that people belonging to different religions
cannot live as equal citizens in a nation.
(iv) People of one religion do not have the same interest and aspirations in every
context
Religious prejudices ,stereotypes of religious communities and belief in the superiority
of one's religions over other religions
(v) Any other relevant point .Pg. 36-37
(Any two points to be explained )

24.
Suggest any two ways to create more employment in the rural sector.
(2X1=2)

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 (i) Improved irrigation facilities so that farmers harvest two or three crops in one
year,thus more people can be employed.

(ii) Provide better roads and improve transportation and storage, which will
benefit farmers so that people will be employed in these sectors.

(iii) Honey collection centers or vegetable and fruit processing units should be set
up.

(iv) More cottage industries and services should be promoted in rural areas with
soft loans and marketing support.

(v) More infrastructural and manufacturing facilities

(vi) Any other relevant point . Pg.27-28

.
(Any two points to be explained )

5X3=15
SECTION C
(Short Answer Type Questions )

25. Describe the impact of flexibility in the labour laws on the workers in India.

(i )Flexibility in labour laws has badly affected workers. (3X1=3)

(ii) MNCs employ them on a temporary basis to cut costs.

(iii) They are not paid throughout the year.

(iv) During peak seasons, workers are made to work for long hours and night shifts.

(v) Workers are denied their fair share of benefits brought about by globalization.

(vi) Many a times workers get flexible working hours

(vii)Many labours are working in BPOs also

(viii) Any other relevant point. Pg. 69

(Any three points to be described )

26. Why is road transport more important than the other means of transportation in India
? Explain.
(3X1=3)

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 (i) Construction of roads costs much lower than that of railways
(ii) Roadways can negotiate higher gradients of slopes
(iii) Provides door-to-door services
(iv) Used as a feeder for other means of transport
(v) It transports smaller amount of goods over short distances
(vi) Road transport is economical in transportation
(vii) cost of loading and unloading is much lower
(viii) Any other relevant point . Pg.82

(Any three points to be explained)

27. (a) Explain any three effects of Non Cooperation Movement on the Indian economy.
(i) Foreign goods were boycotted.
(ii) Liquor shops were picketed. (3X1= 3)

(iii) Foreign clothes burnt in huge bonfires.

(iv)Merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods.
(v) People began discarding imported clothes and wearing only Indian ones.
(vi) Production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up.
(vii) Use of swadeshi goods
(viii) Import of foreign cloth halved.
(ix)Any other relevant point .Pg .34
(Any three points to be explained )

OR
(b) How was the Rowlatt Act opposed by the people of India ? Explain with three
examples.
(i) Rallies were organized in various cities. (3X1=3)
(ii) Workers strike in railway workshops.
(iii) Shops were closed down.
(iv) Lines of communication such as railways and telegraph were disrupted
(v) Protests were organized for organizing support of Indians towards Britishers
(vi)Any other relevant point. Pg . 31

(Any three points to be explained )

28.
How is democracy accountable and responsive to the needs and expectations of (3X1=3)
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 the citizens? Analyze.

(i) Democracy gives chance to citizens to participate in decision-making

(ii) Democracy ensures that decision-making is based on norms and procedures.

(iii) In democracy citizens have the right and means to examine the process of
decision-making.

(iv) Democracy is an accountable, responsive and legitimate government

( v) Democracy ensuresregular, free and fair elections

(vi) Democracy can address socio economic and political problems.

.(vii) Democracy ensure that people will have the right to chose their rulers

(viii) Democratic governments are based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation

(ix) Any other relevant point . Pg. 65

( Any three points to be analysed )

29. (3X1=3)
How primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are dependent on each other?
Explain.

Primary Secondary and Tertiary sectors are interdependent as mentioned below :

(i) Primary sector activities produces goods by exploiting natural resources and
provide raw material to manufacturing sector

(ii) Secondary sector change natural products to final goods which are helpful to
primary and tertiary sectors ( machines, tools, etc.)
(iii). Tertiary sector provides services to primary and secondary sector. Activities
that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors falls
under the tertiary sectors. These activities by themselves do not produce a
good but they are an aid or support for the production process for example
transport, storage, communication and banking.
(iv) Any other relevant point. Pg.20
Any three points to be analyzed

SECTION D 4X5=20
(Long Answers Type Questions)

30. (a) How does credit play a positive and negative role? Explain with examples.

Cred It plays two roles-positive and negative (2½+2½

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 =5)
A.Positive role of credit:

(i) A large number of transactions in day to day activities involve credit

(ii)The credit helps to meet the ongoing expenses of production

(iii)Credit plays a positive role when the borrower is able to return the
loan amount on time and also makes some profit with the use of
that money.

(iv)it makes a person better off than before

(v)Any other relevant point

Any one point (1)

(vi)Any example could be given explaining the positive role of credit

(1 ½ )

(Example of book: Salim, a shoe manufacturer took a loan from

different sources to complete the order of 3000 pair of shoes, in
the end he delivered the order, made profit and repaid the loan.)

(1+1 ½ =2 ½ )

B- Negative role of credit:

(i) Sometimes failure of the crop makes loan repayment impossible

(ii)Sometimes credit is very painful as it pushes the borrower into such

a situation from which recovery is very difficult.

(iii)In this situation the borrower is not able to repay the loan

(iv)Many times caught into the situation of debt-trap.

(v) To repay loan one has to sell portion of one's land

(vi)Any example could be given explaining the negative role of credit

( vii) Any other relevant point

Any point to be explained (1)

(viii)Any example could be given explaining the positive role of credit

(1 ½ )

(Example of book-A small farmer Swapna took loan for crop cultivation
but due to some reason she faced the situation of crop failure. So
she took another loan for spraying pesticides but the production
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 was not enough to repay the loan. So she was caught in debt-trap

(1+1 ½ =2 ½ )

Pg.43-44)

OR

(b) What is collateral? Why is it a main reason to prevent the

poor getting a loan from banks? Explain. (1+4= 5)

A- Collateral (1)

(i) Collateral is an asset that the borrower owns and uses this as a
guarantee to lenders until the loans are repaid. Property such as
land, deposits with banks, livestock are some examples of
collateral used for borrowing.

B- Why is collateral a main reason to prevent the poor getting a

loan from banks (4)
(ii) Absence of collateral with the poor.
(iii) Absence of documents with them.
(iv) Absence of formal sources of credit in rural area.
(v) Lack of education and awareness among them.
(vi) Lack of literacy
(vii) Any other relevant point Any other relevant point Pg 44-45
(Any Four points to be explained )

31. (a)Explain any five factors affecting the location of industries.

(i) Availability of raw material
(5x1=5)
(ii) Availability of labour
(iii) Availability of capital
(iv) Availability of power
(v) Availability of market
(vi) Availability of services like banking,insurance,transport , etc
(vii) Any other relevant point. Pg.66
(Any five points to be explained )

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 OR
(b) Explain any five causes of air and water pollution. (2+3=5)

A. Air pollution (2)

(i) Caused by the presence of high proportion of undesirable gasses such as sulphur-
dioxide and carbon monoxide
(ii) Smoke is emitted by chemical and paper factories.
(iii) Burning of fossil fuels.
(iv) Any other relevant point
(Any two points to be explained)
B. Water pollution (3)
(i) Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganicindustrial wastes and affluent
discharged into rivers.
(ii) Paper, pulp, chemical dyeing etc are responsible for water pollution.
(iii) Electroplating industries that let out acids,salts, heavy metals like lead and
mercury,pesticides makes the water polluted.
(iv) Synthetic chemicals with carbon, rubber, plasticetc makes the water polluted.
(iv) Fly ash,phospo gypsum and iron and steel slagsare the major solid wastes in India.
(v) Any other relevant point.Pg 78
(Any three points to be explained )

32. (a) Explain the process of unification of Germany. (5)

(i) Failure of the middle-class Germans to unite the different regions of the German
confederation into a nation-state in the year 1848 failed.
(ii) Then Prussia took on the leadership of the movement for national unification.
The chief minister Otto von Bismarck, the architect of this process, carried it out
with the help of the Prussian army and bureaucracy.
(iii) Three wars were fought over a span of about seven years against France,
Austria and Denmark.
(iv) It ended in Prussian victory and completed the process of unification
(v) In January 1871, the Prussian King William- I was proclaimed German emperor
in a ceremony held at Versailles. Pg 19
(To be assessed as a whole )
OR

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 (b) How were the years of 1830’s of great economic hardship in Europe? Explain.
(i) The half of the 19th century saw an enormous increase in population all over (5X1=5)
Europe.
(ii) In most countries there were more seekers of jobs than employment.
(iii) Population from rural areas migrated to the cities to live in overcrowded slums.
(iv) Small producers in towns were faced with stiff competitions from imports of cheap
machine made goods from England.
(v) In regions of Europe aristocracy still enjoyed power, peasants struggled under the
burden of feudal dues and obligations.
(vi) The rise of food prices or a year of bad harvest led to widespread pauperism in
town and country.
(vii) Any other relevant point. Pg.15
(Any five points to be explained)

33. (a) Explain any five challenges faced by political parties in India. (5X1=5)

(i) Lack of internal democracy within parties.

(ii) Parties do not keep membership registers , do not hold organizational meeting
and do not conduct internal election regularly
(iii) Dynastic succession.
(iv) Money and Muscle power.
(v) Lack of decision-making process.
(vi) Lack of meaningful choice to the voters.
(vii) Lack of ideological differences among parties.
(viii) Any other relevant point Pg.57-58
(Any FIVE points to be explained )

OR

(b) Explain any five major functions of the political parties. (5X1=5)

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 (i) Parties Contest Elections
(ii) Parties put forward different policies and programs and the voters choose from
them
(iii)They make laws.
(iv) Parties form and run government
(v) Function as opposition
(vi) Shape public opinion
(vii) Provide access to government machinery and welfare schemes.
(viii) Any other relevant point Pg.48-49
(Any FIVE points to be explained )

SECTION E 3X4=12
(Case-Based Questions)
34.
1+
CASE BASED QUESTION- BELGIUM’S POWER SHARING (Pg-2-3) 1+
2=
4
(34.1)Explain the ethnic composition of Belgium. (1)

Total Belgium population- 59% live in the Flemish region and speak the
Dutch language. 40% live in the Wallonia region and speak
French. The remaining one percent of the Belgians speak
German.

(34.2) Explain the term ethnic . (1)

(i)The term ‘ethnic’ implies a social division based on shared culture.

People belonging to the same ethnic group believe in their common descent
because of similarities of physical type or of culture or both

(ii) Any other relevant point

Any one point

(34.3)How did the Belgian government solve their ethnic problem?

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 Explain. (2)

(i) Amended the constitution

(ii) Dutch and French speaking ministers shall be equal in the Central
government.

(iii) Belgium established a Community government for different

linguistic communities.

(iv) Any other relevant point.

(Any two points to be explained )

35. 1+
1+
CASE BASED QUESTION: COTTON MILL IN BOMBAY (PG-94) 2=
4
(35.1)When was the first cotton mill set up in India. (1)
1854

(35.2)Name any two industrialists of India. (½+½=1)

Dwarkanath Tagore, Dinshaw Petit, G.D. Birla

(Any two)

(35.3) How did many Indian entrepreneurs survive despite

tight economic controls imposed by the British government?
Explain. (2)

(i) Many Indians had the sufficient capital to trade with other countries.

(ii) Many Indians worked through trade network

(iii)They financed funds across cities.

(iv) They procured supplies and shipping consignment.

(v) Any other relevant point

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 Any two points to be explained.

Pg. 94

36.
1+1+2=4
(CASE BASED QUESTION: WATER HARVESTING SYSTEM
(Pg-26-27)

(36.1)Mention any two methods of traditional water-harvesting

used in India. (½ +½ =1)

(i) Inundation channels of Bengal.

(ii) Khadins of Rajasthan

(iii) .Johads of Rajasthan.

(iii) Any other relevant point

ANY TWO

(36.2) How do people of Rajasthan utilize rainwater? (1)

(i) They have arranged underground tanks or tankas for storing water.

(ii) They have a well-developed roof top rainwater harvesting system (

palarpani) and were built inside the main house or courtyard.

(iii) It is a reliable source of drinking water

(iv) It beats the summer heat as it would keep the room cool

(v) Any other relevant point

Any one point to be explained.

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 (36.3) Explain any two benefits of rainwater harvesting. (2)

(i) Rainwater harvesting is used to meet peoples and regions water

needs.

(ii) Rain water can be used by building diversion channels used for
agriculture.

(iii) They can be stored as drinking water particularly in Rajasthan

( iv) Rainwater harvesting is used to maintain water in tanks.

(v) Rainwater harvesting is used to maintain room temperature through

tanks and ducting

(iv) Any other relevant point Pg 25

(Any two points to be explained )

SECTION F
(Map Skill Based)

37 (a) and (b) SEE ATTACHED MAP

(1+1=2)
(3X1=3)
1. History

2. Geography (Attempt any three)

For Visually Impaired Candidates .- ( Attempt any five)

(37.1) Name the place where Gandhi ji broke the Salt Law —Dandi
(5X1=5)
(37.2)Name the place where the Indian National Congress Session was held inSeptember

1920 -Calcutta

(37.3) Name the state where the Tehri Dam is located- Uttarakhand

(37.4)Name the state where Bokaro coal mines are located- Jharkhand

(37.5) In which state is the Pune Software Technology Park located?--Maharashtra

(37.6) Name the state where Tuticorin Seaport is located?---Tamil Nadu

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