AORN Questions

1. E
2. G
3. B
4. H
5. A
6. F
7. C
8. D - ANS-Arrange the given steps of the scrubbing procedure in the proper sequence.
Scrubbing procedure steps Correct Order
A. Clean under the fingernails of both hands with the nail cleaner
B. Open the sterile scrub sponge package
C. Repeat the procedure for other hand
D. Rinse hands & arms keeping the fingers pointed upward
E. Inspection of hands & arms
F. Scrub fingertips, nails, palm, & wrist to 2 inches above elbow
G. Open the gown & place on the table
H. Wet & lather hands & forearms

A, B, and D - ANS-Vaccine-preventable diseases against which healthcare providers should be

immunized include:
A. hepatitis B
B. seasonal influenza
C. tuberculosis
D. varicella

B and C
A and D
A, B, and D
A, B, C, and D

A. "Racetrack" is a floorplan design

C. There is unidirectional traffic in the semi-restricted zone
E. Temperature in the restricted zone can be maintained at 70 degrees
F. Air in the surgical suite is cleaned by passing through HEPA filters - ANS-Identify the
statements that are true to the 3 surgical zones.
Select all

A. "Racetrack" is a floorplan design

B. The blood bank is a part of the semi-restricted zone
C. There is unidirectional traffic in the semi-restricted zone
D. The humidity in the restricted zone should be maintained below 50% always
E. Temperature in the restricted zone can be maintained at 70 degrees
F. Air in the surgical suite is cleaned by passing through HEPA filters

A. 1 & 3 - ANS-Perioperative personnel should use hand hygiene & don clean scrub attire &
head coverings when:
1. entering the OR or an invasive procedure room for any reason
2. when assisting with surgery
3. when stocking rooms in the restricted zone
4. when opening sterile supplies

A. 1 & 3
B. 1, 2, & 3
C. 1, 3, & 4
D. 1, 2, 3, & 4

A. 1 hour for upper extremities

D. 1.5 to 2.0 hrs for lower extremities - ANS-General guidelines for tourniquet inflation times
have been identified as:
Select all

A. 1 hour for upper extremities

B. Up to 2.5 hrs for lower extremities
C. 1.5 hrs for upper extremities
D. 1.5 to 2.0 hrs for lower extremities

A. A nurse programs a new electrosurgery machine incorrectly is a skill-based error

B. A nurse misinterprets test results is a knowledge-based error
D. A nurse fails to provide indicated prophylactics is a knowledge-based error
E. Physical stamina due to occupational musculoskeletal injuries is a situational factor -
ANS-Many medical errors occur due to the 3 types of human errors. Which of the following
statements are true?
Select all

A. A nurse programs a new electrosurgery machine incorrectly is a skill-based error

B. A nurse misinterprets test results is a knowledge-based error
C. Juggling multiple activities is a knowledge-based error
D. A nurse fails to provide indicated prophylactics is a knowledge-based error
E. Physical stamina due to occupational musculoskeletal injuries is a situational factor

A. A rongeur - ANS-What biting instrument is used for cutting tough tissue or bone?

A. A rongeur
B. A rasp
C. An osteotome
D. A curette

A. a sense of trust among team members

B. a sincere commitment to affirming safety as the first priority
C. development & support a proactive approach rather than a reactive, blaming approach
E. dissemination of receipt of information to all levels of staff - ANS-The elements required to
create a culture of safety include:
Select all

A. a sense of trust among team members

B. a sincere commitment to affirming safety as the first priority
C. development & support a proactive approach rather than a reactive, blaming approach
D. development of a reporting mechanism for grievances & complaints
E. dissemination of receipt of information to all levels of staff

A. a sincere commitment to affirming safety as the first priority

B. develop & support a proactive approach & not a reactive blaming approach
D. disseminate & verify the receipt of information to all levels of staff & management
E. a sense of trust among team members - ANS-The 4 elements required to create a culture of
safety are:
Select all

A. a sincere commitment to affirming safety as the first priority

B. develop & support a proactive approach & not a reactive blaming approach
C. emphasis on patient safety over worker safety
D. disseminate & verify the receipt of information to all levels of staff & management
E. a sense of trust among team members

A. A sterile field that has been set up for more than 1 hour before the procedure begins should
be broken down & a new set-up prepared
C. If a delay occurs after a sterile field is set up, the personnel may leave the room as long as
the room has been secured - ANS-Which of the following practices are NOT examples of the
recommendation that "A sterile field should be maintained & monitored constantly."
Select all

A. A sterile field that has been set up for more than 1 hour before the procedure begins should
be broken down & a new set-up prepared
B. If a delay occurs after a sterile field is set up, it may be covered with sterile drapes until the
delay is resolved
C. If a delay occurs after a sterile field is set up, the personnel may leave the room as long as
the room has been secured
D. The sterile field should be prepared as close as possible to the time of use
A. A surgical complication
B. Failure to eliminate dead space when closing the incision
C. Implantation of orthopedic hardware
D. Surgical incisions in an area of high mobility - ANS-Select the intraoperative factors that
negatively affect wound healing
Select all

A. A surgical complication
B. Failure to eliminate dead space when closing the incision
C. Implantation of orthopedic hardware
D. Surgical incisions in an area of high mobility
E. Surgical incisions in highly vascular areas
F. Use of x-ray during the procedure

A. Acknowledge that anything you post on the Internet is there forever

B. Don't speak on behalf of your employer unless you have been authorized to do so
C. Facebook mixes your personal & professional lives & requires careful attention - ANS-Which
of the following social media practices are important for the professional nurse to follow?
Select all

A. Acknowledge that anything you post on the Internet is there forever

B. Don't speak on behalf of your employer unless you have been authorized to do so
C. Facebook mixes your personal & professional lives & requires careful attention
D. Ignore any breaches in confidentiality or privacy
E. Online contact with patients is okay with their permission

A. Active electrode, dispersive electrode, & generator - ANS-Components of the electrosurgical

circuit include:

A. Active electrode, dispersive electrode, & generator

B. Dispersive electrode, fiber, & generator
C. Active electrode, dispersive electrode, generator , & scratch pad
D. Dispersive electrode, fiber, generator, & key

A. Administering blood
B. Applying pressure
C. Using electrocautery
F. Using topical hemostatic agents - ANS-Methods of producing hemostasis include which of the
following?
Select all

A. Administering blood
B. Applying pressure
C. Using electrocautery
D. Irrigating with large amounts of sterile saline
E. Using an antiseptic solution containing alcohol
F. Using topical hemostatic agents

A. After positioning, the perioperative nurse should evaluate the patient's body alignment &
tissue integrity
B. The documentation should include location of padding devices
D. Postoperative outcome evaluation is an integral part of the documentation - ANS-Which of
the following statements are correct regarding the Guideline on positioning documentation?
Select all

A. After positioning, the perioperative nurse should evaluate the patient's body alignment &
tissue integrity
B. The documentation should include location of padding devices
C. The documentation should not include the names of the persons positioning the patient
D. Postoperative outcome evaluation is an integral part of the documentation

A. age
B. attitude
C. emotional state
D. intellectual ability
E. physical ability - ANS-Factors that may affect an adult patient's ability to learn include:
Select all

A. age
B. attitude
C. emotional state
D. intellectual ability
E. physical ability
F. socio-economic status

A. Age
C. Nutritional status
D. Preexisting conditions - ANS-Which of the following patient factors should be considered in
the perioperative assessment?
Select all

A. Age
B. Ethnicity
C. Nutritional status
D. Preexisting conditions
E. Gender

A. Age of the patient

C. Preoperative stress
D. Medications - ANS-Select the systemic factors that affect wound healing
Select all

A. Age of the patient

B. Sex of the patient
C. Preoperative stress
D. Medications

A. Agents such as ether, acetone, & alcohol are volatile agents

B. Volatile agents are highly susceptible to ignition
C. Vapors of volatile gases are also very hazardous
D. Volatile agents may be found in aerosol sprays - ANS-Which of the following statements are
true regarding volatile liquids & agents?
Select all

A. Agents such as ether, acetone, & alcohol are volatile agents

B. Volatile agents are highly susceptible to ignition
C. Vapors of volatile gases are also very hazardous
D. Volatile agents may be found in aerosol sprays
E. Specimen fixatives are not volatile in nature

A. all kick buckets, hampers, & similar receptacles must be inspected & disinfected as needed
B. transport vehicles are to be considered contaminated after patient contact
D. all horizontal surfaces of tables & equipment, including the anesthesia machine, should be
wiped down with a lint-free cloth moistened with a hospital-approved disinfectant - ANS-During
post-procedure cleaning:
Select all

A. all kick buckets, hampers, & similar receptacles must be inspected & disinfected as needed
B. transport vehicles are to be considered contaminated after patient contact
C. the OR bed should not be moved while the floor is being mopped
D. all horizontal surfaces of tables & equipment, including the anesthesia machine, should be
wiped down with a lint-free cloth moistened with a hospital-approved disinfectant

A. All team members should be informed about the IED

D. The active & dispersive electrodes should be located as close together as possible -
ANS-Which precautions should be taken for a patient who has an implantable electronic device
(IED)?
Select all

A. All team members should be informed about the IED

B. Insist the surgeon use bipolar current instead of monopolar current
C. There should be intermittent EKG monitoring
D. The active & dispersive electrodes should be located as close together as possible

A. Always have the safety turned on while passing the instrument to the surgeon
B. Always use the instrument with the drill guard in place
D. Always have irrigation ready during the surgery - ANS-Identify the 3 basic guidelines to be
followed while handling powered instruments:
Select all

A. Always have the safety turned on while passing the instrument to the surgeon
B. Always use the instrument with the drill guard in place
C. Always soak the instruments before cleaning them
D. Always have irrigation ready during the surgery
E. Clean the cords of powered instruments with a moistened sponge

A. Amount of irrigation fluid that is anticipated

B. Anticipated blood loss
C. Duration of procedure
D. Potential for linting
E. Surgeon preference - ANS-AORN recommends that the following factors be considered
when selecting drape products:
Select all

A. Amount of irrigation fluid that is anticipated

B. Anticipated blood loss
C. Duration of procedure
D. Potential for linting
E. Surgeon preference

A. anesthesiologists
C. surgeons
D. advanced practice RNs - ANS-The perioperative RN prepares the medications & solutions
after receiving orders from:
Select all

A. anesthesiologists
B. first assistants
C. surgeons
D. advanced practice RNs

A. anesthetic complication risks

C. postoperative infections
D. postoperative surgical complications - ANS-Indirect fire hazards & risks specific to the OR
include:
Select all
A. anesthetic complication risks
B. gas emboli risks
C. postoperative infections
D. postoperative surgical complications

A. Antiseptic agent used

B. Hair removal if performed
D. Name of the person performing the prep
F. Preoperative assessment of the skin at the operative site - ANS-Perioperative nursing
documentation of the skin prep procedure should include which of the following components?
Select all

A. Antiseptic agent used

B. Hair removal if performed
C. Name of person holding the limb if applicable
D. Name of the person performing the prep
E. Placement of blotting towels
F. Preoperative assessment of the skin at the operative site

A. Apply an extinguishing agent even after the flames are out

C. At a safe area, regroup/account for all patients & staff
D. Have an evacuation plan posted in the surgical suite & review it frequently
E. Hold routine fire drills or mock scenarios involving all members of the surgical team -
ANS-Basic fire safety guidelines include:
Select all

A. Apply an extinguishing agent even after the flames are out

B. Evacuate ambulatory patients last
C. At a safe area, regroup/account for all patients & staff
D. Have an evacuation plan posted in the surgical suite & review it frequently
E. Hold routine fire drills or mock scenarios involving all members of the surgical team
F. Move patients vertically

A. Applying cricoid pressure - ANS-Which method is used to prevent aspiration during

endotracheal intubation?

A. Applying cricoid pressure

B. Inserting a nasal/oral airway
C. Laryngoscopy
D. Invasive techniques

A. Asking the patient to state the planned procedure is a valid procedure identifier
C. The site marking should be visible after prepping & draping
D. The site should be marked by visually showing the site to the patient or verbal confirmation
E. Confirming the consents given for the procedure is a valid procedure identifier - ANS-Which
of the following statements are true regarding patient verification & marking a surgical site?
Select all

A. Asking the patient to state the planned procedure is a valid procedure identifier
B. The patient's room number is a valid patient identifier
C. The site marking should be visible after prepping & draping
D. The site should be marked by visually showing the site to the patient or verbal confirmation
E. Confirming the consents given for the procedure is a valid procedure identifier

A. Assess the patient's cross-sensitivities & previous reactions to latex

B. Indicate latex precautions on door signs for every room that the patient occupies
D. Use latex-free supplies for IVs, hair covering, & dressing materials
E. Verify that the surgeon is aware of the allergy - ANS-Which of the following actions should be
included in the perioperative nursing care of a patient with a suspected latex allergy?
Select all

A. Assess the patient's cross-sensitivities & previous reactions to latex

B. Indicate latex precautions on door signs for every room that the patient occupies
C. Schedule the patient as the last procedure of the day if possible
D. Use latex-free supplies for IVs, hair covering, & dressing materials
E. Verify that the surgeon is aware of the allergy

A. assessing the patient's level of consciousness

B. assessing the patient's pain level
D. maintaining a patent airway
E. monitoring blood pressure, heart rate, & oxygen saturation - ANS-During admission of a
patient to Phase I of postanesthesia care, the perianesthesia nurse is responsible for:

Select all
A. assessing the patient's level of consciousness
B. assessing the patient's pain level
C. assessing the patient's x-rays
D. maintaining a patent airway
E. monitoring blood pressure, heart rate, & oxygen saturation

A. Assessment
C. Identification of desired outcome
E. Nursing diagnosis
F. Planning - ANS-What phases of the nursing process does the perioperative nurse practice
during the preoperative phase of the surgical experience?
Select all
A. Assessment
B. Evaluation
C. Identification of desired outcome
D. Implementation
E. Nursing diagnosis
F. Planning

A. Assessment - ANS-Data collection is part of which phase of the nursing process?

A. Assessment
B. Implementation
C. Nursing diagnosis
D. Planning

A. Assists in achieving accuracy during the count procedure

B. Assists in conducting efficient counts
C. Human error studies have shown that many errors result from deviation - ANS-The benefits
of a standardized count procedure include which of the following?
Select all

A. Assists in achieving accuracy during the count procedure

B. Assists in conducting efficient counts
C. Human error studies have shown that many errors result from deviation
D. Provides a bonding situation among perioperative team members

A. At skin closure
B. Before the procedure begins
C. When new sponges are added to the sterile field
D. When wound closure begins - ANS-Sponge & instrument counts are performed according to
facility policy & procedure. Generally, the times during a surgical procedure that sponges are
counted are:
Select all

A. At skin closure
B. Before the procedure begins
C. When new sponges are added to the sterile field
D. When wound closure begins
E. When either the scrub person or RN circulator has completed gowning

A. Attend continuing education conferences

B. Reading perioperative journals
C. Visiting the AORN website
D. Attending AORN chapter meetings - ANS-Identify ways in which a perioperative nurse can
improve professionally
Select all

A. Attend continuing education conferences

B. Reading perioperative journals
C. Visiting the AORN website
D. Attending AORN chapter meetings

A. Avoid removing stoppers from vials

B. Discard unused, open irrigation or IV solutions at the end of the procedure
C. Dispense the entire contents of the container slowly
E. Use a sterile transfer device - ANS-When transferring medications & solutions to the sterile
field the perioperative nurse should adhere to which of the following recommendations?
Select all

A. Avoid removing stoppers from vials

B. Discard unused, open irrigation or IV solutions at the end of the procedure
C. Dispense the entire contents of the container slowly
D. Replace caps on opened medication to maintain sterility
E. Use a sterile transfer device

A. Babcock forceps
C. Needle holder forceps
D. Dissector forceps - ANS-Identify the instruments that can be used in laparoscopic surgery
Select all

A. Babcock forceps
B. Mosquitoes forceps
C. Needle holder forceps
D. Dissector forceps

A. Barrier protection - ANS-When selecting drapes to create a sterile field for the patient, which
of the following drape qualities are MOST essential to maintaining the sterile field?

A. Barrier protection
B. Cost/benefit ratio
C. Limitation of environmental impact
D. Flexibility & flammability

A. Before passing very small specimens, such as needle biopsies, off the sterile field, they can
be placed on a section of dampened non-adherent wound dressing
C. Once in the laboratory, the tissue is frozen & thinly sliced into sections to be examined under
a microscope by the pathologist
D. A fixed, permanent section is done to reaffirm the preliminary findings
E. The specimen is identified by the surgeon before being passed off the surgical field to the RN
circulator - ANS-Which of the following are general guidelines for transporting frozen sections?
Select all

A. Before passing very small specimens, such as needle biopsies, off the sterile field, they can
be placed on a section of dampened non-adherent wound dressing
B. A counted surgical sponge may be used for transportation of the specimen
C. Once in the laboratory, the tissue is frozen & thinly sliced into sections to be examined under
a microscope by the pathologist
D. A fixed, permanent section is done to reaffirm the preliminary findings
E. The specimen is identified by the surgeon before being passed off the surgical field to the RN
circulator
F. The specimen is placed into an appropriate-sized receptacle that contains a preservative fluid
(usually 10% formalin)

A. Beginning of proliferative phase - (Phase 2) 2 to 10 days - ANS-At what point in the healing
process do most wound disruptions occur?

A. Beginning of proliferative phase - (Phase 2) 2 to 10 days

B. End of proliferative phase - (Phase 2) 10 to 22 days
C. Beginning of maturation phase - (Phase 3) 21 days to 6 weeks
D. End of maturation phase - (Phase 3) 6 weeks to 2 years

A. Bipolar - ANS-_________ current leaves the generator, is applied to tissue using a two-poled
instrument, & returns to the generator

A. Bipolar
B. Monopolar

A. bone marrow
B. muscle
C. nerve
D. testicular - ANS-Biopsies that require specialized methods of preparation & preservation to
preserve the cells include:
Select all

A. bone marrow
B. muscle
C. nerve
D. testicular
E. tendon

A. Breast tissue for hormonal assay

C. Cerebral spinal fluid
D. Semen for infertility studies - ANS-Which pathology specimens require fresh preparation &
the use of a sterile container?
Select all

A. Breast tissue for hormonal assay

B. Bullets
C. Cerebral spinal fluid
D. Semen for infertility studies
E. Undergarments

A. Broad spectrum
B. High log reduction capability
C. Effective for long periods of time - ANS-Which of the following are desired characteristic of
antimicrobial agents?
Select all

A. Broad spectrum
B. High log reduction capability
C. Effective for long periods of time
D. High toxicity
E. Low toxicity

A. Broad spectrum
B. High log reduction capability
C. Persistent - ANS-Which of the following are desirable characteristics of antimicrobial agents?
Select all

A. Broad spectrum
B. High log reduction capability
C. Persistent
D. Slow action

A. Caregiver's ability to understand instructions

B. Patient's level of alertness
C. Pain assessment
D. Previous anesthetic history
E. Comfort assessment - ANS-Which of the following information is correctly assessed by the
perianesthesia nurse?
Select all

A. Caregiver's ability to understand instructions

B. Patient's level of alertness
C. Pain assessment
D. Previous anesthetic history
E. Comfort assessment
F. Patient's ability to verbalize steps in surgery

A. Central suction system with 0.1 micrometer in-line filter

B. Central suction system with HEPA in-line filter
E. Smoke evacuator unit - ANS-The term local exhaust ventilation (LEV) is used to describe the
process of evacuation smoke from the surgical site. Which of the following are considered LEV?
Select all

A. Central suction system with 0.1 micrometer in-line filter

B. Central suction system with HEPA in-line filter
C. High filtration surgical masks
D. N95 respirators
E. Smoke evacuator unit

A. Cerebral spinal fluid

C. Semen for fertility studies
D. Breast tissue for hormonal assay - ANS-Which pathology specimens require fresh
preparation in a sterile container?
Select all

A. Cerebral spinal fluid

B. Undergarments
C. Semen for fertility studies
D. Breast tissue for hormonal assay
E. Bullets

A. children - ANS-Patients in which of the following age-groups have the greatest blood volume
per unit of body weight?

A. children
B. elderly adults
C. middle adults
D. young adults

A. Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)

B. Povidone iodine (an iodophor)
C. Alcohol - ANS-Which of the following agents are antimicrobial agents?
Select all

A. Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)

B. Povidone iodine (an iodophor)
C. Alcohol
D. Phenylephrine
A. Chromic catgut
C. Collagen - ANS-Which of the following are natural absorbable suture materials?
Select all

A. Chromic catgut
B. Polyglactin 910
C. Collagen
D. Polyglyconate

A. Circulating water garments

C. Forced-air warming devices
D. Increased ambient room temperature
F. Warmed IV fluids - ANS-Identify the active warming devices
Select all

A. Circulating water garments

B. Cotton blankets
C. Forced-air warming devices
D. Increased ambient room temperature
E. Surgical drapes
F. Warmed IV fluids

A. Circulatory & respiratory compromise due to pressure on the abdomen - ANS-Which of the
following physiological effects is most likely to result from positioning a patient in the lithotomy
position?

A. Circulatory & respiratory compromise due to pressure on the abdomen

B. Circulatory pooling in the lower legs
C. Decreased brainstem perfusion
D. Pressure on the brachial nerves

A. cleaning the tips of blood or tissue frequently

B. hand them off the sterile field to the circulating RN if the surgeon says that they are not
working properly - ANS-Which of the concepts below are appropriate for the care of forceps
during a procedure?
Select all

A. cleaning the tips of blood or tissue frequently

B. hand them off the sterile field to the circulating RN if the surgeon says that they are not
working properly
C. organizing them on the back table by nesting them
D. standing them upright along the sides of the instrument tray so that handles are easily
grasped when needed
A. Closed assisted gloving method - ANS-What gloving method is recommended for initial
gowning & gloving of team members during an operative or invasive procedure?

A. Closed assisted gloving method

B. Open assisted gloving method when closed assisted gloving is not possible or practical
C. Closed gloving as long as the cuffs are not compromised
D. Open gloving method

A. CO2 insufflators
B. Electrosurgical unit
C. Smoke evacuators - ANS-Which pieces of equipment are used in laparoscopic surgery?
Select all

A. CO2 insufflators
B. Electrosurgical unit
C. Smoke evacuators
D. Fiberoptic headlight
E. Traction apparatus

A. Coagulators
B. Light cables
C. Patient's hair
D. Drills - ANS-Which of the following are common ignition & fuel sources found in a surgical
suite?
Select all

A. Coagulators
B. Light cables
C. Patient's hair
D. Drills
E. Nitrous Oxide
F. Oxygen

A. Color
C. Turgor
D. Thickness - ANS-What indicators should be checked when you assess the skin condition of a
patient?
Select all

A. Color
B. Texture
C. Turgor
D. Thickness
E. Water content

A. Come preassembled & sterile

C. Are self-contained & lightweight
D. Are supplied with pre-sterilized staples & disposable cartridges, which are usually
color-coded by size - ANS-Which of the following are features of disposable instrument sets for
staple application?
Select all

A. Come preassembled & sterile

B. Have many moving & detachable parts who mechanisms may not always be reliable
C. Are self-contained & lightweight
D. Are supplied with pre-sterilized staples & disposable cartridges, which are usually
color-coded by size

A. completing a risk management report

C. documentation of the serial number in the medical record & on the pathology requisition -
ANS-Proper handling of an explant removed because of an apparent defect or failure includes:
Select all

A. completing a risk management report

B. decontamination & sterilization before transport to the pathology lab
C. documentation of the serial number in the medical record & on the pathology requisition
D. placing the explant in a container with formalin for transport to the pathology lab

A. concentration & amount

B. date prepared
D. expiration time if less than 24 hours
E. initials of the RN preparing the medication - ANS-When medication is administered from the
sterile field, it is removed from an original container by the RN circulator & presented to the
scrub person. It should be immediately & clearly labeled with:
Select all

A. concentration & amount

B. date prepared
C. expiration date when used within 24 hours
D. expiration time if less than 24 hours
E. initials of the RN preparing the medication

A. consists of predetermined questions

B. consists of questions in a predetermined order
D. is to document the patient's health history - ANS-The perioperative nurse should use the
directive interview technique over a nondirective interview technique when the information
he/she needs:
Select all

A. consists of predetermined questions

B. consists of questions in a predetermined order
C. is to assess the patient's emotional reactions & concerns
D. is to document the patient's health history
E. requires observation of the patient's nonverbal behavior
F. requires the patient to respond in an open, informal manner

A. Contact information for questions or concerns after surgery

B. Counseling on modified diet to be followed after surgery
C. List of foods that might interfere with prescribed medication
D. Medications to be given & time intervals for taking - ANS-Jake Brown is scheduled for a
complex surgical procedure. He & his immediate family are asking for more information. Which
of the following form part of Jake's ongoing education needs as a patient?
Select all

A. Contact information for questions or concerns after surgery

B. Counseling on modified diet to be followed after surgery
C. List of foods that might interfere with prescribed medication
D. Medications to be given & time intervals for taking
E. Specific details regarding intraoperative surgical procedure steps

A. Coping styles
B. Cultural beliefs & practices
C. Expectations of perioperative care
E. Spiritual or religious beliefs - ANS-Which items below are included in a psychosocial
assessment?
Select all

A. Coping styles
B. Cultural beliefs & practices
C. Expectations of perioperative care
D. Sensory impairment
E. Spiritual or religious beliefs

A. Cover the stoma with sterile gauze/sponge dipped in a prepping agent

B. Prep the abdomen before prepping the stoma - ANS-Which of the following statements are
applicable when prepping a contaminated area such as a colostomy?
Select all

A. Cover the stoma with sterile gauze/sponge dipped in a prepping agent

B. Prep the abdomen before prepping the stoma
C. Never prep the stoma, just the skin
D. Prep the contaminated area first

A. Critical - ANS-Items that enter sterile tissue or the vascular system are categorized as ____ &
should be sterile when used

A. Critical
B. Noncritical
C. Semicritical
D. None of the above

A. CRNFA - ANS-John, who has been a full-time perioperative RN for 2 years, has completed
the coursework & clinical components to become an RN First Assistant (RNFA). John also
wishes to become certified. Which of the 3 certifications listed below is specific to the RNFA
role?

A. CRNFA
B. CNOR
C. CRNA

A. Cuff pressure
B. Location where the cuff was placed
C. Name of person who applied the tourniquet cuff
E. Serial number of the unit - ANS-When documenting the use of a pneumatic tourniquet, which
items must be included?
Select all

A. Cuff pressure
B. Location where the cuff was placed
C. Name of person who applied the tourniquet cuff
D. Name of person who inflated the tourniquet
E. Serial number of the unit

A. Cuff the drapes over your gloved hand to prevent contamination

C. Place drapes in sequence from the surgical site to peripheral areas
D. Place drapes on the patient & any furniture & equipment that will be in the sterile field
E. When placing drapes don't lean across unsterile areas - ANS-In creating a sterile field, which
of the following are recommended by AORN?
Select all

A. Cuff the drapes over your gloved hand to prevent contamination

B. Handle drapes as needed to get the best coverage
C. Place drapes in sequence from the surgical site to peripheral areas
D. Place drapes on the patient & any furniture & equipment that will be in the sterile field
E. When placing drapes don't lean across unsterile areas
A. cultural or religious preferences
B. emotional considerations
D. psychosocial considerations - ANS-An individualized patient care plan that was initiated
during the preoperative phase includes:
Select all

A. cultural or religious preferences

B. emotional considerations
C. financial considerations
D. psychosocial considerations

A. Current medications, including herbal

C. Medication allergies
D. Patient weight in pounds & kilograms - ANS-During the medication administration phase of
the medication use process, nursing assessment should include which of the following factors?
Select all

A. Current medications, including herbal

B. Immunization status
C. Medication allergies
D. Patient weight in pounds & kilograms

A. cuts & abrasions

B. preoperative hair removal, if ordered
C. skin condition
E. the patient's verbal consents for preoperative orders - ANS-After the preoperative
assessment has been conducted on a patient, the perioperative nurse should document:
Select all

A. cuts & abrasions

B. preoperative hair removal, if ordered
C. skin condition
D. financial arrangements
E. the patient's verbal consents for preoperative orders

A. Damages: actual injury to the patient

B. Breach of Duty: care provided was not within the standard of care
D. Duty: a nurse-patient relationship exists
E. Causation: what the nurse did or did not do resulted in patient injury - ANS-Which elements
must be proved for a negligence claim to be successful?
Select all

A. Damages: actual injury to the patient

B. Breach of Duty: care provided was not within the standard of care
C. Reasonableness: a nurse in the same circumstance would have done the same thing
D. Duty: a nurse-patient relationship exists
E. Causation: what the nurse did or did not do resulted in patient injury

A. Decontamination - ANS-According to the AORN Guidelines for Sterilization, which of the

following work areas requires all of the following attire: scrubs, head covers, gloves, gowns, eye
protection, & masks or face shields?

A. Decontamination
B. Sterilization processing
C. Preparation & packaging
D. Sterile storage

A. decontamination - ANS-Disassembly, cool water rinse, enzymatic wash, & use of appropriate
detergent are principles used in:

A. decontamination
B. steam sterilization
C. high-level disinfection
D. gas plasma sterilization

A. Decrease in subcutaneous fat - ANS-Which of the following factors make geriatric patients
more sensitive to injury and cold?

A. Decrease in subcutaneous fat

B. Lung capacity decreases with age
C. Bilirubin & hemoglobin shift
D. Range of medication absorption is decreased

A. Diabetes
C. Obesity - ANS-Select the factors that are responsible for slower healing & postsurgical
complications
Select all

A. Diabetes
B. Rhinitis
C. Obesity
D. Ear wax

A. diameter - ANS-A designation of "4-0" on a suture package indicates the suture materials:

A. diameter
B. elasticity
C. pliability
D. strength

A. Dispersive electrodes - ANS-Monopolar electrosurgery requires the use of which device?

A. Dispersive electrodes
B. Foot pedal
C. Two-pronged forceps
D. Bipolar

A. Do not drop bullet into metal basin or bowl

B. Rinse the bullet with water if requested by local authorities
C. Handle as little as possible - ANS-Which of the following are recommended guidelines for
preserving a bullet collected as forensic evidence?
Select all

A. Do not drop bullet into metal basin or bowl

B. Rinse the bullet with water if requested by local authorities
C. Handle as little as possible
D. Remove the specimen with hard steel forceps
E. Wrap the bullet in cotton or tissue paper & mark the specimen

A. document in a timely manner

C. use nursing diagnoses based on sound judgment
D. use patient statements to verify the nurse's findings - ANS-When documenting, the
perioperative nurse should:
Select all

A. document in a timely manner

B. use medical diagnoses
C. use nursing diagnoses based on sound judgment
D. use patient statements to verify the nurse's findings
E. document patient statements as facts

A. Documentation of orientation program

B. Documentation of clinical competency
D. Knowledge of the nursing practice act in your state
E. Documentation of continuing education activities - ANS-What are some ways to enhance
one's professional practice based on legal & risk management issues?
Select all

A. Documentation of orientation program

B. Documentation of clinical competency
C. Documentation of employee performance evaluations
D. Knowledge of the nursing practice act in your state
E. Documentation of continuing education activities
F. Revision of all departmental policies & procedures

A. Documentation of performance appraisals

C. Documentation of continuing education
D. Knowledge of the state nurse practice act - ANS-Some of the ways by which professional
nurses can protect themselves from legal action include maintaining:
Select all

A. Documentation of performance appraisals

B. Documentation of administrative competency
C. Documentation of continuing education
D. Knowledge of the state nurse practice act

A. Don a mask
C. Remove jewelry from hands & wrists
D. Rub hands together, covering all surfaces of hands & fingers for at least 15 seconds -
ANS-Before beginning a surgical hand antisepsis/hand scrub, the perioperative RN should
perform hand hygiene. Hand hygiene includes which of the following:
Select all

A. Don a mask
B. Dry hands & arms using a sterile towel
C. Remove jewelry from hands & wrists
D. Rub hands together, covering all surfaces of hands & fingers for at least 15 seconds

A. Doubts about how the procedure will affect the patient's image
B. Anxiety about the level of pain caused due to the procedure
C. The patient's knowledge level & intellectual ability - ANS-Which of the following are factors
that should be assessed to decide the best time for teaching the patient?
Select all

A. Doubts about how the procedure will affect the patient's image
B. Anxiety about the level of pain caused due to the procedure
C. The patient's knowledge level & intellectual ability
D. Details about postoperative plan of care
E. Details about alternative plans of treatment

A. Drape from a sterile area to an unsterile area by draping the nearest first
C. Ensure that surgical drapes are applied after prepping solutions have dried
E. When draping the opposite side, the scrubbed person should walk around the OR bed to
drape - ANS-Identify the correct draping considerations
Select all
A. Drape from a sterile area to an unsterile area by draping the nearest first
B. Start draping from periphery to the operating site
C. Ensure that surgical drapes are applied after prepping solutions have dried
D. After a drape is placed, it can be moved if necessary
E. When draping the opposite side, the scrubbed person should walk around the OR bed to
drape

A. draping materials - ANS-Potential sources of fuel for surgical fires include:

A. draping materials
B. fiberoptic cables
C. lasers
D. nitrous oxide

A. Electrosurgery is used to cut tissue

B. ESUs use a high radio-frequency electrical current
E. The dispersive electrode is also referred to as the "grounding pad" - ANS-Which of the
following statements are true regarding ESUs & their usage?
Select all

A. Electrosurgery is used to cut tissue

B. ESUs use a high radio-frequency electrical current
C. The active electrode is also referred to as "grounding pad"
D. Bipolar current is most frequently used for electrosurgery
E. The dispersive electrode is also referred to as the "grounding pad"

A. Employ deep vein thrombosis prophylactic devices

B. Position the patient for effective air exchange
D. Use warming devices to maintain the normothermia - ANS-What interventions can the
perioperative nurse perform to protect elderly patients?
Select all

A. Employ deep vein thrombosis prophylactic devices

B. Position the patient for effective air exchange
C. Slide patient onto the OR bed without use of assistive device
D. Use warming devices to maintain the normothermia

A. enhances feelings of personal accomplishment

D. validates specialized knowledge - ANS-Which of the following statements reflect s the
findings from a research study of more than 11,000 nurses conducted in 2007 related to the
importance of certification? Certification:
Select all
A. enhances feelings of personal accomplishment
B. is not related to professional growth
C. is being recognized with monetary incentives
D. validates specialized knowledge

A. EO exposure is potentially carcinogenic & mutagenic to personnel & patients - ANS-Which of

the following is true about ethylene oxide (EO) sterilization?

A. EO exposure is potentially carcinogenic & mutagenic to personnel & patients

B. It cannot be used for heat-sensitive items
C. It is effective against prions
D. Items processed by EO sterilization may be used immediately

A. epidermal - ANS-Transient microorganisms live in the ______ layer of the skin

A. epidermal
B. dermal
C. fatty (adipose)
D. all of the above

A. Epidural anesthesia - ANS-Which type of anesthesia involves an injection into the space
between the ligamentum flavum & the dura?

A. Epidural anesthesia
B. General anesthesia
C. Spinal anesthesia
D. Bier block

A. Escherichia coli
C. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
E. Serratia marcescens - ANS-Identify the pathogens that can be commonly found in the OR
environment.
Select all

A. Escherichia coli
B. Shigella boydii
C. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
D. Wuchereria boncrofti
E. Serratia marcescens

A. exposure to external events

C. type of packaging material used
D. number of personnel who may have handled the package - ANS-Shelf life is related to:
Select all
A. exposure to external events
B. methods of sterilization
C. type of packaging material used
D. number of personnel who may have handled the package
E. time from initial sterilization

A. Extended Care Unit

B. Postanesthesia Care Unit
C. Preadmission Testing Unit
E. Preoperative Holding - ANS-In what areas would you most likely find a perianesthesia nurse?
Select all

A. Extended Care Unit

B. Postanesthesia Care Unit
C. Preadmission Testing Unit
D. Prenatal Care Unit
E. Preoperative Holding
F. Trauma Rehabilitation Center

A. eye injury
B. fire hazards
C. inhalation of laser plume - ANS-Risks to patients & staff members associated with laser use
include:
Select all

A. eye injury
B. fire hazards
C. inhalation of laser plume
D. radiation hazards

A. Face positioner is used to place head in neutral position

C. Ensure the breasts, abdomen, and genitals are free from torsion or pressure
D. The patient is positioned after the administration of anesthesia - ANS-Which of the following
statements are correct regarding the prone position?
Select all

A. Face positioner is used to place head in neutral position

B. Padding placed under the stomach
C. Ensure the breasts, abdomen, and genitals are free from torsion or pressure
D. The patient is positioned after the administration of anesthesia
E. Improper positioning can result in pressure on the superior vena cava
A. Family history of problems related to anesthesia - ANS-Which assessment factor is important
to include when screening patients for potential risk of malignant hyperthermia?

A. Family history of problems related to anesthesia

B. Patient's age
C. Patient's use of herbal & vitamin supplements
D. Patient's use of over-the-counter medications

A. Female sex - ANS-Which of the following is associated with increased risk for perioperative
hypothermia?

A. Female sex
B. Higher than normal body weight
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Hypertension

A. fluid restrictions
C. wound drainage
D. nasogastric tubes
E. inadequate fluid replacement - ANS-A fluid imbalance may occur rapidly due to fluid loss as a
result of:
Select all

A. fluid restrictions
B. accurate measurement of irrigation fluids
C. wound drainage
D. nasogastric tubes
E. inadequate fluid replacement

A. for the documentation of tourniquet maintenance

C. for tracking any problems that occur - ANS-The identification number on a pneumatic
tourniquet is used:
Select all

A. for the documentation of tourniquet maintenance

B. for hospital inventory purposes in case of theft
C. for tracking any problems that occur
D. by the infection preventionist to track down an infection outbreak

A. General anesthesia
D. Monitored anesthesia care - ANS-Which of the following types of anesthesia require an
anesthesia professional?
Select all
A. General anesthesia
B. Local anesthesia
C. Moderate sedation
D. Monitored anesthesia care

A. Grasp the sterile towel near the opened corner & lift up, taking care not to drip water on the
gown
C. Keep the towel away from the nonsterile scrub attire by bending forward slightly, keeping
hands & elbows up & away from the waist
E. Use one half of the towel for one hand & arm, & the other half for the other hand & arm
F. Discard the towel without dropping the hands - ANS-Which of the following statements are
correct regarding the procedure for drying of hands & arms?
Select all

A. Grasp the sterile towel near the opened corner & lift up, taking care not to drip water on the
gown
B. Stay close to the table
C. Keep the towel away from the nonsterile scrub attire by bending forward slightly, keeping
hands & elbows up & away from the waist
D. Let the opened towel unfold to half of its length
E. Use one half of the towel for one hand & arm, & the other half for the other hand & arm
F. Discard the towel without dropping the hands

A. Hair skin surfaces

B. Burn tissue
D. Bony prominences - ANS-Alternate pathway burns can occur because of improper placement
of the dispersive electrode. The dispersive electrode should not be applied on which of the
following:
Select all

A. Hair skin surfaces

B. Burn tissue
C. Well-perfused muscle
D. Bony prominences

A. hand hygiene - ANS-The single most important factor in preventing the spread of infection is:

A. hand hygiene
B. cleaning all horizontal surfaces
C. patient's hygiene
D. none of the above

A. health care organizations

B. health care professions
C. medical device manufacturers
D. the FDA - ANS-The IOM recommendations are applicable to ______
Select all

A. health care organizations

B. health care professions
C. medical device manufacturers
D. the FDA
E. AORN

A. Herbal supplements may affect the metabolism of drugs administrated

C. Recreational drug use may affect the choice of preoperative sedation
D. Smoking may affect circulatory & respiratory system assessment results - ANS-During the
preoperative interview why should the perioperative nurse ask patients about their use of herbal
preparations, alcohol, tobacco products, and recreational drugs?
Select all

A. Herbal supplements may affect the metabolism of drugs administrated

B. Patients who use alcohol heavily are unable to tolerate general anesthesia
C. Recreational drug use may affect the choice of preoperative sedation
D. Smoking may affect circulatory & respiratory system assessment results

A. How to empty drainage fluid

C. Coughing & deep breathing exercises
D. How to take the prescribed medications - ANS-In Phase II, patient education becomes a
critical task. What aspects of post-discharge life should the nurse be teaching the patient?
Select all

A. How to empty drainage fluid

B. When they can return to work
C. Coughing & deep breathing exercises
D. How to take the prescribed medications

A. Hydrogel - ANS-Selection of dressing type is based on the type of procedure & surgeon
preference. Select the dressing that would be used if the goal were hydration of tissue

A. Hydrogel
B. Gauze
C. Biologic
D. Occlusive

A. Identification/serial number & model of the specific tourniquet

B. Location of the cuff
D. Skin & tissue integrity under the cuff before the use of the pneumatic tourniquet
F. Time of inflation & deflation - ANS-Nursing documentation for pneumatic tourniquet use
includes:
Select all

A. Identification/serial number & model of the specific tourniquet

B. Location of the cuff
C. Name of company who manufactured the cuff
D. Skin & tissue integrity under the cuff before the use of the pneumatic tourniquet
E. Skin temperature
F. Time of inflation & deflation

A. Identify the patient & the surgical procedure

B. Verbally confirm that the perioperative orders have been completed
D. Reconcile any medications that patient may have been taking preoperatively - ANS-Which
activities should the transport person complete before transferring a patient?
Select all

A. Identify the patient & the surgical procedure

B. Verbally confirm that the perioperative orders have been completed
C. Identify the surgeon
D. Reconcile any medications that patient may have been taking preoperatively

A. Ignition - ANS-In a fire, the ESU would be considered what part of the Fire Triad?

A. Ignition
B. Oxygen
C. Fuel
D. Fire

A. In bipolar electrosurgery, both the active electrode & return electrode functions are performed
at the site of surgery
B. AEC is a Monopolar form of electrosurgery
E. Laparoscopic electrosurgery has the potential to cause capacitive-coupling injuries
F. AEC provides a secondary source of gas that can result in a rapid rise in the patient's
intra-abdominal pressure - ANS-Which of the following statements are correct regarding the
various types of electrosurgery?
Select all

A. In bipolar electrosurgery, both the active electrode & return electrode functions are performed
at the site of surgery
B. AEC is a Monopolar form of electrosurgery
C. When using AEC, the venous pressure exceeds argon gas pressure in the circulating
system, creating a risk for emboli
D. Bipolar electrosurgery should not be used for surgery on brain & nerve tissue
E. Laparoscopic electrosurgery has the potential to cause capacitive-coupling injuries
F. AEC provides a secondary source of gas that can result in a rapid rise in the patient's
intra-abdominal pressure

A. in the morning before bringing in any surgical supplies - ANS-Damp dusting of the OR as part
of the preliminary room preparation should be done:

A. in the morning before bringing in any surgical supplies

B. the night before the scheduled surgery
C. every time surgical supplies are brought into the room
D. after the surgery

A. Induction, Maintenance, Emergence - ANS-The phases of general anesthesia, in order are:

A. Induction, Maintenance, Emergence

B. Emergence, Maintenance, Induction
C. Maintenance, Emergence, Induction
D. Induction, Emergence, Maintenance

A. influencing behavior
C. producing changes in knowledge
D. producing change in attitudes & skills - ANS-Patient & family education is a combined
process involving:
Select all

A. influencing behavior
B. determining patient competency
C. producing changes in knowledge
D. producing change in attitudes & skills

A. information on administrative topics

D. information that can be used to develop institution-specific policies
E. scientific evidence for clinical practices - ANS-AORN's Guidelines for Perioperative Practice
provides:
Select all

A. information on administrative topics

B. mandatory regulations that must be followed
C. rationale for following the AORN Guidelines instead of regulatory standards
D. information that can be used to develop institution-specific policies
E. scientific evidence for clinical practices

A. Inspect laparoscopic instrumentation for excessive wear or obvious breaks & replace when
necessary
D. Replace instruments that have damaged insulation - ANS-Which actions can the scrub
person take to help prevent incidental thermal burns?
Select all

A. Inspect laparoscopic instrumentation for excessive wear or obvious breaks & replace when
necessary
B. Clean all instruments with sterile water
C. Watch the surgery carefully
D. Replace instruments that have damaged insulation

A. Inspect the camera head for smudges or debris

C. Plug the camera into the CCU & turn on the unit
D. Complete white balancing of the camera - ANS-What tasks should be completed while
setting up the camera before surgery?
Select all

A. Inspect the camera head for smudges or debris

B. Clean the camera head using sterile water
C. Plug the camera into the CCU & turn on the unit
D. Complete white balancing of the camera

A. irritant contact dermatitis - ANS-Most glove-related skin reactions are of this type:

A. irritant contact dermatitis

B. immediate Type I hypersensitivity
C. delayed Type IV hypersensitivity
D. delayed allergic contact dermatitis

A. It is a liquid chemical sterilization method

B. It uses low temperatures
C. It is equal in efficacy to steam & ethylene oxide (EO) sterilization
D. It requires the use of a special unit designed for this type of sterilization - ANS-Which of the
following facts are true regarding peracetic acid sterilization?
Select all

A. It is a liquid chemical sterilization method

B. It uses low temperatures
C. It is equal in efficacy to steam & ethylene oxide (EO) sterilization
D. It requires the use of a special unit designed for this type of sterilization
E. It can be used for all surgical items

A. It renders the environment safe for the patient following in that room to prevent
cross-contamination
B. It breaks the cycle of contamination from the patient to the environment & from the
environment to the OR personnel & then to subsequent patients
D. It is the patient's right to have a clean & safe environment - ANS-The goals of performing
post-procedure cleaning of the OR/procedure room include the following:
Select all

A. It renders the environment safe for the patient following in that room to prevent
cross-contamination
B. It breaks the cycle of contamination from the patient to the environment & from the
environment to the OR personnel & then to subsequent patients
C. After each surgical procedure if there are no additional surgeries in that room, interim
cleaning is not necessary
D. It is the patient's right to have a clean & safe environment

A. learning from perioperative textbooks

B. participating in their facility's continuing education activities
C. using AORN's online resources
D. attending AORN chapter meetings - ANS-Perioperative nurses can enhance their
professionalism by:
Select all

A. learning from perioperative textbooks

B. participating in their facility's continuing education activities
C. using AORN's online resources
D. attending AORN chapter meetings

A. Length of procedures
B. On-time starts
D. Turnover time
E. Volume of procedures - ANS-Key business metrics over which you can have control to affect
the "bottom line" are:
Select all

A. Length of procedures
B. On-time starts
C. Physician satisfaction
D. Turnover time
E. Volume of procedures

A. Linear staplers - ANS-Which types of staplers are used in the alimentary tract & in thoracic
procedures?

A. Linear staplers
B. Intraluminal circular staplers
C. Skin staplers
D. Ligating & dividing staplers

A. location of the dispersive electrode

B. serial or biomedical device number
D. patient's skin condition before & after applying the dispersive pad - ANS-According to AORN
Guideline for Safe Use of Energy-Generating Devices, which of the following are recommended
components of documentation when using an ESU?
Select all

A. location of the dispersive electrode

B. serial or biomedical device number
C. ESU brand name
D. patient's skin condition before & after applying the dispersive pad

A. masks
B. shoe coverings
C. eye protection devices
D. gloves - ANS-The OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen standard requires healthcare personnel to
wear the following when splashes, spray, spatter, or droplets of blood or other potentially
infectious materials can be reasonably anticipated
Select all

A. masks
B. shoe coverings
C. eye protection devices
D. gloves
E. paper gown

A. mentoring
B. role modeling
C. providing periodic feedback on clinical performance
D. precepting - ANS-Professional nurses seek to support & encourage their peers by:
Select all

A. mentoring
B. role modeling
C. providing periodic feedback on clinical performance
D. precepting

A. monitor, identify, & report safety hazards

C. Understand & comply with the emergency power outage plan
D. practice sound, basic, & OR-specific electrical & fire safety - ANS-Individual staff members
play the biggest role in maintaining a safe OR environment. Staff members are required to;
Select all

A. monitor, identify, & report safety hazards

B. set appropriate electrical & fire safety procedures
C. Understand & comply with the emergency power outage plan
D. practice sound, basic, & OR-specific electrical & fire safety

A. Needs to state the indications for the proposed intervention

B. Is a physician's duty, & RNs are witnesses to the patient's signature
E. Must contain the name of the health care facility - ANS-Which of the following statements are
true about informed consent?
Select all

A. Needs to state the indications for the proposed intervention

B. Is a physician's duty, & RNs are witnesses to the patient's signature
C. Does not expose the nurse to liability if the nurse doesn't follow hospital policy
D. Doesn't allow approved substitutes to give consent for patient
E. Must contain the name of the health care facility

A. Nerve damage can occur to the femoral nerve

D. Dislocation of the hips can occur if the legs are not raised simultaneously
E. Injury can occur to the fingers if they are left too close to the break of the table - ANS-Which
of the following statements are correct regarding the lithotomy position?
Select all

A. Nerve damage can occur to the femoral nerve

B. Lithotomy position should never be used for perineal procedures
C. The patient's buttocks should extend over the break of the table to prevent strain on the
sacrum
D. Dislocation of the hips can occur if the legs are not raised simultaneously
E. Injury can occur to the fingers if they are left too close to the break of the table

A. Nerve injury & paralysis can result from prolonged use of the tourniquet
B. Keep fluids, such as skin prep solutions & irrigation, from pooling under the cuff
E. The Bier Block technique involves an intravenous injection of a local anesthetic agent into the
vein of a tourniquet-occluded extremity
F. Nursing documentation for pneumatic tourniquet use should include serial number & model of
the specific tourniquet - ANS-Which of the following statements are correct regarding cleaning
pneumatic tourniquet cuffs, their complications, documentation, & Bier Block technique?
Select all

A. Nerve injury & paralysis can result from prolonged use of the tourniquet
B. Keep fluids, such as skin prep solutions & irrigation, from pooling under the cuff
C. Nursing documentation for pneumatic tourniquet use should include time of applying the cuff
D. Only the cuff should be cleaned after the tourniquet has been used
E. The Bier Block technique involves an intravenous injection of a local anesthetic agent into the
vein of a tourniquet-occluded extremity
F. Nursing documentation for pneumatic tourniquet use should include serial number & model of
the specific tourniquet

A. Never use the ESU in presence of alcohol-based antimicrobial prep agents until the agents
are dry
B. Never allow fluids to be poured on the generator - ANS-When using the ESU generator, the
perioperative nurse should remember to:
Select all

A. Never use the ESU in presence of alcohol-based antimicrobial prep agents until the agents
are dry
B. Never allow fluids to be poured on the generator
C. Encase the foot switch in an insulated safety holster

A. Nonessential personnel should leave the room

B. Pregnant health care workers should avoid or limit exposure
D. Lead protective aprons, gloves, & thyroid collars should be worn - ANS-Radiation exposure
safety controls include:
Select all

A. Nonessential personnel should leave the room

B. Pregnant health care workers should avoid or limit exposure
C. OR nurses all should be trained to operate x-ray machines
D. Lead protective aprons, gloves, & thyroid collars should be worn

A. Nonessential personnel should leave the room when radiation is being used
B. Pregnant personnel should limit radiation exposure
D. Film badges may be used for those staff members who have prolonged radiation exposure -
ANS-Which of the following statements are correct regarding radiation safety?
Select all

A. Nonessential personnel should leave the room when radiation is being used
B. Pregnant personnel should limit radiation exposure
C. During long radiation procedures, the surgical team should wear lead aprons
D. Film badges may be used for those staff members who have prolonged radiation exposure

A. NPO orders
B. Skin preparation orders
E. Medication orders - ANS-Which of the following are preoperative orders that should be
recorded?
Select all
A. NPO orders
B. Skin preparation orders
C. Do-not-resuscitate orders
D. Patient's mental state of alertness
E. Medication orders

A. once during each 24-hour period - ANS-Terminal cleaning must be done:

A. once during each 24-hour period

B. twice during a 24-hour period
C. once in a week-long period
D. twice in a week-long period

A. OSHA requires the development & use of SDS in each facility

C. The SDS provides post exposure information & actions
D. Employers should ensure that employees know where the SDS are located
E. The SDS provides guidelines for handling & using the agents - ANS-Which of the following
statements are true regarding SDS?
Select all

A. OSHA requires the development & use of SDS in each facility

B. The SDS describes only hazardous physical liquids
C. The SDS provides post exposure information & actions
D. Employers should ensure that employees know where the SDS are located
E. The SDS provides guidelines for handling & using the agents
F. The SDS provide guidelines for disinfecting surgical suites

A. Passing the needle holder to the surgeon may compromise the sterile field if the surgeon is
injured
C. The needle may drop if the needle holder is not passed properly - ANS-Which of the
following are possible complications while passing a needle holder to a surgeon during surgery?
Select all

A. Passing the needle holder to the surgeon may compromise the sterile field if the surgeon is
injured
B. The surgeon may not identify the instrument if it is not held properly
C. The needle may drop if the needle holder is not passed properly
D. The sterile field may be compromised due to knotting of the suture

A. patient autonomy, dignity, & human rights - ANS-The perioperative nurse provides care to
each patient undergoing a surgical intervention in a manner that preserves & protects:

A. patient autonomy, dignity, & human rights

B. patient thoughts & feelings
C. health maintenance & wellness
D. the practice of nursing

A. patient identification
B. preoperative orders
D. patient assessment - ANS-Accurate preoperative documentation of the patient admission is
an integral part of the nursing process. This includes:
Select all

A. patient identification
B. preoperative orders
C. discharge referral
D. patient assessment

A. Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)

C. Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) - ANS-PACU nurses hold which 2 advanced
certifications?
Select all

A. Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)

B. Wound Care Certified (WCC)
C. Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)
D. Certified Emergency Nurse (CEN)

A. Perform hand hygiene before insertion

B. Adhere to aseptic technique
D. Perform skin antisepsis with > 0.5% chlorhexidine with alcohol - ANS-To prevent central line
associated blood stream infections, follow proper insertion practices such as:
Select all

A. Perform hand hygiene before insertion

B. Adhere to aseptic technique
C. Always use the femoral site for adult patients
D. Perform skin antisepsis with > 0.5% chlorhexidine with alcohol

A. Perianesthesia nurses work in the PACU

D. One can find a perianesthesia nurse working in the extended care unit - ANS-Which of the
following statements about perianesthesia nursing are correct?
Select all

A. Perianesthesia nurses work in the PACU

B. A preoperative nurse cannot train to become a perianesthesia nurse
C. Perianesthesia nurses follow both AORN & ASPAN guidelines
D. One can find a perianesthesia nurse working in the extended care unit

A. periumbilical - ANS-Which region of the patient's abdomen is traditionally used to establish

Pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic surgery?

A. periumbilical
B. supraumbilical
C. subumbilical
D. umbilical

A. permit sterilization to take place

C. be structured to provide aseptic delivery of the contents on the sterile field
D. be compatible with the sterilization process
E. be used according to the manufacturer's written instructions - ANS-Packaging systems
should:
Select all

A. permit sterilization to take place

B. maintain sterility for a limited period
C. be structured to provide aseptic delivery of the contents on the sterile field
D. be compatible with the sterilization process
E. be used according to the manufacturer's written instructions

A. permit visualization of skin tones & landmarks

C. conform to body contours - ANS-Aperture drapes:
Select all

A. permit visualization of skin tones & landmarks

B. are used to "wall off" a contaminated area, such as a stoma, from the clean skin area
C. conform to body contours
D. may be used to cover equipment such as a tourniquet or a microscope

A. Placing heavy objects on the patient

C. Dragging the patient's body across the sheets
D. Improperly applying sequential compression stockings - ANS-Mechanical issues & problems
that can cause skin injury include:
Select all

A. Placing heavy objects on the patient

B. Placing an electrosurgical unit hand piece on the patient
C. Dragging the patient's body across the sheets
D. Improperly applying sequential compression stockings
E. Allowing prep solution to pool under the patient
A. plan the nursing interventions
B. assess & develop the nursing diagnoses
C. assess & evaluate the patient's status
D. evaluate responses to positioning - ANS-The use of the PNDS helps a perioperative nurse
to:
Select all

A. plan the nursing interventions

B. assess & develop the nursing diagnoses
C. assess & evaluate the patient's status
D. evaluate responses to positioning
E. determine medical diagnoses

A. Position of the sand bags

C. Placement of patient's arms
D. Position of the padding applied
E. Position of the pillows - ANS-Which of the following information should be included in the
documentation of the patient's position?
Select all

A. Position of the sand bags

B. Persons bringing in the positioning devices
C. Placement of patient's arms
D. Position of the padding applied
E. Position of the pillows

A. Positioning & positioning devices used

C. The Universal Protocol or "time out"
D. Sponge, sharp, & instrument counts
E. Skin prep area & solution(s) used - ANS-What information should the perioperative nurse
document?
Select all

A. Positioning & positioning devices used

B. Patient's family history
C. The Universal Protocol or "time out"
D. Sponge, sharp, & instrument counts
E. Skin prep area & solution(s) used

A. Possible invalidation of subsequent sponge counts if the patient were returned to the OR with
intact dressings
C. Radiopaque sponges may appear as a foreign body on postoperative x-rays - ANS-Which of
the following are reasons to avoid using radiopaque sponges for postoperative dressings?
Select all
A. Possible invalidation of subsequent sponge counts if the patient were returned to the OR with
intact dressings
B. Radiopaque sponges are not as absorbent
C. Radiopaque sponges may appear as a foreign body on postoperative x-rays
D. Radiopaque sponges are more costly than non-radiopaque sponges

A. Preparing medications & solutions per the physician's preference card

C. Preparing & labeling medications & solutions
D. Document & verify by verbally reading back to the provider all verbal orders, per facility policy
- ANS-What are the most common roles of the perioperative nurse in preparing medications &
solutions?
Select all

A. Preparing medications & solutions per the physician's preference card

B. Administering medications intravenously
C. Preparing & labeling medications & solutions
D. Document & verify by verbally reading back to the provider all verbal orders, per facility policy

A. Prions are not bacteria or viruses but rather malformed proteins

B. Creutz-Jakob disease (CJD) is a degenerative neurologic disease that appears to be caused
by prions
C. Prions appear to be resistant to most forms of sterilization used in health care settings -
ANS-Which of the following facts are true regarding prions & prion disease?
Select all

A. Prions are not bacteria or viruses but rather malformed proteins

B. Creutz-Jakob disease (CJD) is a degenerative neurologic disease that appears to be caused
by prions
C. Prions appear to be resistant to most forms of sterilization used in health care settings
D. Prions appear to have a marked vulnerability towards moist heat

A. Prior to the start of the procedure

B. When sharps are added to the field
C. Before closure of a cavity
D. At skin closure or end of the procedure
E. Before wound closure begins - ANS-When should sharps be counted?
Select all

A. Prior to the start of the procedure

B. When sharps are added to the field
C. Before closure of a cavity
D. At skin closure or end of the procedure
E. Before wound closure begins
A. Promote specific improvements in patient safety
B. Highlight problematic areas in health care
C. Describe evidence & expert-based system-wide solutions to the problems - ANS-The
purpose of the National Patient Safety Goals (NPSGs) is to:
Select all

A. Promote specific improvements in patient safety

B. Highlight problematic areas in health care
C. Describe evidence & expert-based system-wide solutions to the problems
D. Create a monitoring mechanism for health organizations & personnel

A. provide information to the patient

B. improve knowledge
C. achieve long-lasting changes in behavior
E. take ownership of the patient's care
F. improve the patient's outcome - ANS-The goal of patient & family education is to:
Select all

A. provide information to the patient

B. improve knowledge
C. achieve long-lasting changes in behavior
D. make patient aware of their reliance on medical personnel
E. take ownership of the patient's care
F. improve the patient's outcome

A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, & Salmonella choleraesuis - ANS-A

hospital disinfectant has passed the potency test for activity against the given three
microorganisms.

A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, & Salmonella choleraesuis

B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, & Staphylococcus aureus
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clostridium, & Streptococci
D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococci, & Salmonella

A. push the gurney head first down the hallway - ANS-When transferring a patient to the
surgical suite, the staff member should never _____

A. push the gurney head first down the hallway

B. identify the patient
C. verify the preoperative orders have been followed
D. gain assistance to transfer the patient from the bed to the gurney

A. Put the camera head in a sterile pouch

B. Gas-sterilize the camera head - ANS-Identify some methods used to maintain a sterile
camera head.
Select all

A. Put the camera head in a sterile pouch

B. Gas-sterilize the camera head
C. Cold soak the camera head in glutamate for 20 minutes
D. Wipe the camera head & cord with alcohol & carefully arrange it on the sterile field

A. Radiopaque sponges are not as absorbent - ANS-Which of the following is not a reason to
avoid using radiopaque sponges for postoperative dressings?

A. Radiopaque sponges are not as absorbent

B. Possible invalidation of subsequent sponge counts if the patient were returned to the OR with
intact dressings
C. Radiopaque sponges may appear as a foreign body on postoperative x-rays

A. Remove both gown & gloves

B. Have another team member assist in regloving
D. Use the open glove technique - ANS-Which of the following options are available to the scrub
person who needs to change gloves during a surgical procedure?
Select all

A. Remove both gown & gloves

B. Have another team member assist in regloving
C. Use the closed glove technique
D. Use the open glove technique

A. removing soil & transient microorganisms from the skin

B. reducing the resident microbial count to subpathogenic levels in a short period with the least
amount of tissue irritation
D. inhibiting rapid, rebound growth of microorganisms - ANS-Skin preparation of the surgical site
is intended to reduce the risk of postoperative SSI by which of the following:
Select all

A. removing soil & transient microorganisms from the skin

B. reducing the resident microbial count to subpathogenic levels in a short period with the least
amount of tissue irritation
C. evaporating the skin prep solution rapidly so it cools the skin & kills microbes
D. inhibiting rapid, rebound growth of microorganisms

A. Right dose
B. Right indication
C. Right time
E. Right patient
F. Right route
G. Right medication
H. Right documentation - ANS-Select the seven rights of medication
Select all

A. Right dose
B. Right indication
C. Right time
D. Right response
E. Right patient
F. Right route
G. Right medication
H. Right documentation

A. Ring stand
D. Kick bucket - ANS-Basic surgical furniture found in the restricted area includes:
Select all

A. Ring stand
B. Sterilizers
C. Scrub tanks
D. Kick bucket
E. Crash carts

A. Risk for perioperative positioning injury

B. Risk for ineffective tissue perfusion
C. Risk for impaired nervous system function
E. Risk for impaired musculoskeletal function - ANS-Which of the following are potential nursing
diagnoses related to the application of the PNDS for positioning of the patient?
Select all

A. Risk for perioperative positioning injury

B. Risk for ineffective tissue perfusion
C. Risk for impaired nervous system function
D. Risk for disturbed sensory perception
E. Risk for impaired musculoskeletal function

A. Save all tissue removed from the patient, even if it appears to be of no value
B. Do not use large crushing instruments on specimens
D. Place the specimen in a basin until it can be passed off the field
F. Store only one specimen per container - ANS-Which of the following are correct guidelines for
preserving, transferring, & transporting specimens?
Select all
A. Save all tissue removed from the patient, even if it appears to be of no value
B. Do not use large crushing instruments on specimens
C. Use forceps to remove very small specimens from instrumentation
D. Place the specimen in a basin until it can be passed off the field
E. Always hand specimen off on a counted or radiopaque surgical sponge
F. Store only one specimen per container

A. Scars - ANS-Placing the ESU dispersive electrode over which of these choices can cause
severe tissue burns?

A. Scars
B. Muscle
C. Thigh
D. Buttocks

A. Scrub suit
B. Head cover - ANS-Which items of attire are required when entering the Sterile Processing
area?
Select All

A. Scrub suit
B. Head cover
C. Shoe covers
D. Surgical mask

A. Scrubbed personnel should wear caps, masks, & sterile gowns & gloves
B. Scrubbed personnel should perform hand hygiene
C. Scrubbed personnel should inspect gloves for integrity after donning - ANS-Which of the
following statements regarding Recommendations I & II are correct?
Select all

A. Scrubbed personnel should wear caps, masks, & sterile gowns & gloves
B. Scrubbed personnel should perform hand hygiene
C. Scrubbed personnel should inspect gloves for integrity after donning
D. Scrubbed personnel can handle the sterile drapes as frequently as possible

A. scrubs; paints - ANS-Iodophors with added detergents are referred to as "_____," and those
without added detergents are referred to as "____."

A. scrubs; paints
B. paints; scrubs
C. gels; film-forming
D. scrubs; gels
A. Semi-restricted zone
C. Restricted zone - ANS-The patient's hair should be covered before entering the _______
Select all

A. Semi-restricted zone
B. Unrestricted zone
C. Restricted zone

A. Shearing accompanied by pressure, can result in a decubitus ulcer

D. Elderly patients at risk from shearing
E. Friction can also lead to the formation of pressure ulcers
F. Patients with arthritis are more prone to musculoskeletal stress - ANS-Which of the following
statements are correct regarding the effects on the integumentary & musculoskeletal systems?
Select all

A. Shearing accompanied by pressure, can result in a decubitus ulcer

B. Shearing can denude the epidermis
C. The prolonged exposure to skin prep solution chemicals under pressure can increase
likelihood of atopic dermatitis
D. Elderly patients at risk from shearing
E. Friction can also lead to the formation of pressure ulcers
F. Patients with arthritis are more prone to musculoskeletal stress

A. Should not be used on bony prominences

B. Alternate pathway burns can occur because of improper placement
C. After repositioning, should be rechecked for skin adherence
E. Condition of the skin should be documented after removing the electrode - ANS-Which of the
following statements are true regarding dispersive electrodes?
Select all

A. Should not be used on bony prominences

B. Alternate pathway burns can occur because of improper placement
C. After repositioning, should be rechecked for skin adherence
D. Should be selected according to patient size
E. Condition of the skin should be documented after removing the electrode

A. showing personal accountability in understanding the Nurse Practice Act

B. maintaining a current knowledge base
C. participating in professional organizations - ANS-Professionalism in nursing means
Select all

A. showing personal accountability in understanding the Nurse Practice Act

B. maintaining a current knowledge base
C. participating in professional organizations
D. practicing without any errors

A. Smoke evacuator
C. Central suction system with a 0.1 micrometer in-line filter
E. Central suction system with HEPA in-line filter - ANS-Which of the following types of smoke
evacuation devices are considered primary protection?
Select all

A. Smoke evacuator
B. Fit-tested N95 respirator
C. Central suction system with a 0.1 micrometer in-line filter
D. High-filtration surgical mask
E. Central suction system with HEPA in-line filter

A. Spray bottles can aerosolize potentially infectious materials

C. Spray bottles are not used to apply disinfectant - ANS-Which of the following are correct
regarding spray bottle?
Select all

A. Spray bottles can aerosolize potentially infectious materials

B. Spray bottles are occasionally used to apply disinfectant
C. Spray bottles are not used to apply disinfectant
D. Spray bottles are an easy way to clean the environment

A. sterile water - ANS-Always clean open wounds with ______

A. sterile water
B. iodine
C. alcohol
D. chlorhexidine gluconate

A. Sudden rise in temperature

C. Increase in end-tidal CO2
D. Increased oxygen demand - ANS-Which of the following are correct symptoms to indicate a
patient is experiencing an MH episode?
Select all

A. Sudden rise in temperature

B. Sudden relaxation of muscles
C. Increase in end-tidal CO2
D. Increased oxygen demand

A. suggest alternate phrasing

B. cite evidence to support your change
C. provide rationale for your suggestion - ANS-When using the forum for public commenting on
clinical guidelines & offering a suggested change in the comment field, it's very important that
you:
Select all

A. suggest alternate phrasing

B. cite evidence to support your change
C. provide rationale for your suggestion
D. call the consult line to clarify the content with the guideline author

A. summaries of the evidence

B. organizational experience
D. community standards
E. clinician experience & expert opinion
F. consumer preferences - ANS-Non-research parts of evidence ratings include:
Select all

A. summaries of the evidence

B. organizational experience
C. consensus on appraisal scores
D. community standards
E. clinician experience & expert opinion
F. consumer preferences

A. Supine - ANS-Which position is used for most abdominal procedures & vascular surgery?

A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Lateral
D. Kraske
E. Trendelenburg

A. Surgical consent for the procedure

B. Nursing care plan using the PNDS
D. Preoperative & postoperative skin condition
E. Allergies - ANS-What information should be included in patient records?
Select all

A. Surgical consent for the procedure

B. Nursing care plan using the PNDS
C. Education levels
D. Preoperative & postoperative skin condition
E. Allergies
A. Take measures to prevent the loss of body heat - ANS-Which of the following observations
are critical when doing skin antisepsis on pediatric patients?

A. Take measures to prevent the loss of body heat

B. The relatively small bodies of pediatric patients require smaller amounts of antimicrobial
agents
C. Children are not sensitive to chemical agents
D. The whole body must be prepped irrespective of the operative site

A. taking the surgical patient from the airborne infection isolation room to surgery and then
directly back after surgery
C. wearing PPE
D. using an airborne infection isolation room
E. wearing a surgical mask - N95 or higher - ANS-Perioperative personnel precautions for the
spread of airborne infections include:
Select all

A. taking the surgical patient from the airborne infection isolation room to surgery and then
directly back after surgery
B. placing the patient in the room at least 3 feet away from the other patients
C. wearing PPE
D. using an airborne infection isolation room
E. wearing a surgical mask - N95 or higher

A. The active electrode should be connected into a stress-resistant receptacle of the ESU
C. When not in use, the electrode should be stored in a safety holster
D. Using an electrolyte solution may render the electrode less effective
E. When performing electrosurgery above the xiphoid process, administer the lowest practical
level of oxygen to the patient - ANS-Which of the following statements are correct regarding the
active electrode?
Select all

A. The active electrode should be connected into a stress-resistant receptacle of the ESU
B. The tip of the active electrode should never be cleaned during a procedure
C. When not in use, the electrode should be stored in a safety holster
D. Using an electrolyte solution may render the electrode less effective
E. When performing electrosurgery above the xiphoid process, administer the lowest practical
level of oxygen to the patient

A. The area of the body prepped

B. The development of any reaction
D. The name (or initials) of the person(s) performing the prep - ANS-Which of the following are
mandatory components of documentation of the prepping procedure on the preoperative patient
record?
Select all

A. The area of the body prepped

B. The development of any reaction
C. The properties of prepping agents
D. The name (or initials) of the person(s) performing the prep

A. The distance between the active electrode & the dispersive electrode should be as short as
possible
B. Both electrodes should be as far from the pacemaker as possible
C. The dispersive electrode should be placed in such a position that the current from the active
electrode does not pass through the vicinity of the patient's heart or through the pacemaker
E. All ESU cables & cords should be kept away from the pacemaker & its leads - ANS-Which of
the following should be considered when using an ESU on a patient with a pacemaker?
Select all

A. The distance between the active electrode & the dispersive electrode should be as short as
possible
B. Both electrodes should be as far from the pacemaker as possible
C. The dispersive electrode should be placed in such a position that the current from the active
electrode does not pass through the vicinity of the patient's heart or through the pacemaker
D. The nurse need not consult the patient's cardiologist
E. All ESU cables & cords should be kept away from the pacemaker & its leads
F. Monopolar current is preferred

A. The patient must be fully informed about the procedure before giving consent
B. The patient must give consent to the treatment in the absence of coercion
C. The patient has the right to withdraw consent at any point in the procedure
D. The patient must be mentally competent in order to give consent to the procedure -
ANS-Which of the following are true statements regarding patients' rights?
Select all

A. The patient must be fully informed about the procedure before giving consent
B. The patient must give consent to the treatment in the absence of coercion
C. The patient has the right to withdraw consent at any point in the procedure
D. The patient must be mentally competent in order to give consent to the procedure

A. the patient's condition or need

D. the relationship of the condition or need to the proposed intervention - ANS-The standards of
nursing practice require that documentation is based on which of the following:
Select all
A. the patient's condition or need
B. current & past health status
C. evaluation of the patient's response
D. the relationship of the condition or need to the proposed intervention

A. The positioning device should be the correct size for the patient
C. Gel pads should be used to relieve pressure
D. Sensitive genital areas should be placed in normal anatomical position
F. The patient should be properly secured to the bed - ANS-Which of the following statements
are true about handling positioning devices?
Select all

A. The positioning device should be the correct size for the patient
B. Extremities once positioned should not be rearranged
C. Gel pads should be used to relieve pressure
D. Sensitive genital areas should be placed in normal anatomical position
E. Patient's arms must be supported by the arms of the surgical bed
F. The patient should be properly secured to the bed

A. The professional perioperative nurse can base his/her practice on evidence

C. Provides point-of-care clinicians with tools that can assist in improving patient care
D. The evidence collected is rated for quality & strength - ANS-Benefits of evidence-based
practice include which of the following?
Select all

A. The professional perioperative nurse can base his/her practice on evidence

B. Promotes decision-making based on the opinions of individual health care providers
C. Provides point-of-care clinicians with tools that can assist in improving patient care
D. The evidence collected is rated for quality & strength

A. The protocol applies to procedures done in endoscopy units

D. Time out is an important aspect of the implementation of the protocol - ANS-Based on the
understanding gained about the Universal Protocol & AORN's Tool Kit, identify the statements
true to both.
Select all

A. The protocol applies to procedures done in endoscopy units

B. The protocol mandates that there should be at least 3 patient identifiers
C. The protocol applies only to invasive procedures
D. Time out is an important aspect of the implementation of the protocol

A. The retrieval, processing, preserving, & storing of selected human tissue for later
transplantation back into the patient or into another patient - ANS-Surgical tissue banking is:
A. The retrieval, processing, preserving, & storing of selected human tissue for later
transplantation back into the patient or into another patient
B. The retrieval & storing of selected human tissue for later transplantation into another patient
C. The preserving & storing of selected human tissue for later transplantation back into the
patient or into another patient
D. The retrieval, preserving, & storing of human tissue for later transplantation back into the
patient

A. The RN opens the wrapper flap farthest away from them. Open each of the side flaps next.
The nearest wrappers should be opened last - ANS-Identify the correct sequence of steps for
opening a sterile package based on Recommendation VI

A. The RN opens the wrapper flap farthest away from them. Open each of the side flaps next.
The nearest wrappers should be opened last
B. The RN opens each of the side flaps first, then opens the wrapper flap farthest away from
them next. The nearest wrapper flap should be opened last
C. The RN opens the nearest wrapper flap first, then opens each of the side flaps next. The RN
opens the wrapper farthest away from them last

A. the site of surgery

B. the nature & intended purpose of the surgery
C. the patient's fears regarding anesthesia & surgery - ANS-Factors that may affect the amount
of postoperative pain are:
Select all

A. the site of surgery

B. the nature & intended purpose of the surgery
C. the patient's fears regarding anesthesia & surgery
D. the level of anxiety of the patient's family members

A. the site of surgery

B. the nature & intended purpose of the surgery
D. the level of anxiety or fear that the patient has about the procedure - ANS-Factors that affect
the amount of pain include:
Select all

A. the site of surgery

B. the nature & intended purpose of the surgery
C. the patient's age, sex, & weight
D. the level of anxiety or fear that the patient has about the procedure

A. The skin on the hands & forearms should be inspected for cuts & abrasions
B. The skin must be free of open lesions or cracks
C. The fingernails should be short, clean, & healthy
D. The cuticles should also be clean & in good condition - ANS-Which of the following
statements are correct regarding inspecting arms & hands before scrubbing?
Select all

A. The skin on the hands & forearms should be inspected for cuts & abrasions
B. The skin must be free of open lesions or cracks
C. The fingernails should be short, clean, & healthy
D. The cuticles should also be clean & in good condition

A. The sleeves from 2 inches above the elbow to the cuff

B. The surgical gloves
D. The front of the gown from the table level to 2 inches below the neck - ANS-The sterile areas
on the sterile attire are:
Select all

A. The sleeves from 2 inches above the elbow to the cuff

B. The surgical gloves
C. The back of the gown from the table level
D. The front of the gown from the table level to 2 inches below the neck

A. The upper leg is straight & supported with pillows between the legs
B. Lower arm on same plane as OR bed mattress; forearm & wrist in neutral position; palm up
D. The patient's dependent ear should be assessed to ensure that it is not folded - ANS-Which
of the following safety measures are correct regarding the lateral position?
Select all

A. The upper leg is straight & supported with pillows between the legs
B. Lower arm on same plane as OR bed mattress; forearm & wrist in neutral position; palm up
C. A safety strap is applied at the chest level
D. The patient's dependent ear should be assessed to ensure that it is not folded

A. They are based on what nurses do in ideal situations

D. They may be fulfilled to varying degrees in different situations - ANS-Which of the following
are true about AORN's Guidelines for Perioperative Practice?
Select all

A. They are based on what nurses do in ideal situations

B. They can replace your department and institution's policies
C. They contain information that must be followed as mandatory practice
D. They may be fulfilled to varying degrees in different situations

A. Thick, heavy-duty gloves - ANS-_____ are worn to protect the skin against ethylene oxide
exposure
A. Thick, heavy-duty gloves
B. Utility gloves
C. Nonsterile gloves
D. Sterile gloves

A. To avoid exposure to biohazardous substances - ANS-What is the rationale for wearing

gloves when handling or transporting surgical specimens?

A. To avoid exposure to biohazardous substances

B. To avoid imprints on the specimen
C. To prevent contamination of the specimen
D. To prevent misdiagnosis

A. To enable them to plan safe & effective care that is also cost-effective
C. To facilitate competition for patient volume
D. To manage & allocate resources wisely - ANS-Why is it important for perioperative nurses to
have a basic understanding of business principles?
Select all

A. To enable them to plan safe & effective care that is also cost-effective
B. To eliminate the focus on competitive pricing
C. To facilitate competition for patient volume
D. To manage & allocate resources wisely
E. To reduce the focus on productivity & efficiency

A. to prevent injury to the patient from a retained foreign object - ANS-The primary reason for
documenting sharp, sponge, & instrument counts is:

A. to prevent injury to the patient from a retained foreign object

B. to maintain an inventory for the sterile processing department
C. to provide an accurate item charge for the patient
D. to track instruments that might be needed for the next procedure

A. Touch only the ties, Velcro, or snaps to secure the back of the gown at the neck & the waist
D. Adjust the gown by grasping the bottom edge & pulling down to eliminate any blousing -
ANS-What actions can the RN circulator take to assist the scrub personnel during gowning?
Select all

A. Touch only the ties, Velcro, or snaps to secure the back of the gown at the neck & the waist
B. Don sterile gloves before fastening the gown to prevent contamination from the gown flaps
C. Grasp the tie 4-6 inches from the tag & pull
D. Adjust the gown by grasping the bottom edge & pulling down to eliminate any blousing
A. Trendelenburg position
B. Prone position
D. Lateral position - ANS-Which surgical position adversely affects the diaphragmatic
movement?
Select all

A. Trendelenburg position
B. Prone position
C. Sitting or Semi-Sitting position
D. Lateral position

A. True - ANS-Computerized provider order entry systems (CPOE), especially those with clinical
rule-based decision support aids, can help reduce medication errors

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-Counts are routinely made at specific times & in a particular sequence

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-Do not use an ESU in an oxygen-enriched environment, such as the trachea

A. Tr
ueB. False

A. True - ANS-Draping is the procedure of covering the patient & surrounding areas with a
sterile barrier to create a sterile field

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-In case a staff member receives a shock when plugging in a piece of equipment,
the equipment should be sent to biomedical maintenance for evaluation/repair

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-It is important for perioperative nurses to evaluate their practice within the context
of professional standards & to maintain current knowledge in nursing practice.

A. True
B. False
A. True - ANS-It is the responsibility of the perioperative RN to raise questions to the
perioperative team if any dosage of anticoagulants appears to be not within recommended
guidelines

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-One goal of the Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals is to use at least
two unique patient identifiers to identify patients

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-Preprinted orders must be reviewed for accuracy at least annually by the
prescribing licensed practitioner

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-Reduced tissue perfusion can contribute to intraoperative skin injuries

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-Skin prep solutions should be allowed to dry before the patient is draped to
reduce the risk associated with vapor ignition

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-The administrative support staff should help ensure that the care delivered within
the surgical environment results in positive outcomes for the surgical patient

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-The linens used in the surgical suite should be flame retardant

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-The RN circulator may assist the scrub person by reaching inside the gown &
pulling the inside seam to bring the gown over the scrub person's shoulders.
A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-Time Out should occur in the room where the procedure is performed & involve
the entire surgical team

A. True
B. False

A. True - ANS-When documenting, always include your assessment of the situation, the actions
you took, & the patient's response to them.

A. True
B. False

A. Type of anesthesia delivered

B. Duration of the surgery
C. Position required - ANS-Which intraoperative factors should be considered during the
perioperative assessment?
Select all

A. Type of anesthesia delivered

B. Duration of the surgery
C. Position required
D. Type of draping used

A. Type of positioning devices used

C. Names of persons positioning the patient - ANS-Documentation of the perioperative nursing
care should include, but not be limited to:
Select all

A. Type of positioning devices used

B. Name of the operating surgeon
C. Names of persons positioning the patient
D. Preoperative outcome evaluation

A. Type of procedure to be performed

B. Amount of area around the incision to be included
D. Furniture & equipment to be draped - ANS-Which of the following are factors to be
considered when selecting surgical drapes?
Select all

A. Type of procedure to be performed

B. Amount of area around the incision to be included
C. Age of the patient
D. Furniture & equipment to be draped

A. Unrestricted - ANS-The pathology laboratory & blood bank are usually situated in which of
the following areas?

A. Unrestricted
B. Semi-restricted
C. Restricted
D. Full-restricted

A. Use of anesthetic gases

C. Advancement of surgical procedures
D. Use of specialized equipment
E. Introduction of PACU standards - ANS-Which factors contributed to the creation of a
specialized care unit for the surgical patient?
Select all

A. Use of anesthetic gases

B. Use of alcohol-based prep solutions
C. Advancement of surgical procedures
D. Use of specialized equipment
E. Introduction of PACU standards

A. Use only non-reflective or ebonized instruments near the tissue interaction site
B. Evacuate all surgical smoke
C. Use ignition-resistant drapes during laser procedures
D. Use a laser-resistant endotracheal tube with a cuff that is inflated with saline & methylene
blue dye when using a laser near the aerodigestive tract - ANS-Which of the following
statements are correct regarding lasers?
Select all

A. Use only non-reflective or ebonized instruments near the tissue interaction site
B. Evacuate all surgical smoke
C. Use ignition-resistant drapes during laser procedures
D. Use a laser-resistant endotracheal tube with a cuff that is inflated with saline & methylene
blue dye when using a laser near the aerodigestive tract
E. Prescription eyewear is acceptable in rooms where lasers are in use

A. Use only sterile drapes

B. Inspect drapes for integrity
C. Keep drapes in control
D. Handle drapes as little as possible; don't flip, fan, or shake drapes - ANS-Which of the
following are correct guidelines for creating & maintaining a sterile field?
Select all

A. Use only sterile drapes

B. Inspect drapes for integrity
C. Keep drapes in control
D. Handle drapes as little as possible; don't flip, fan, or shake drapes

A. Use skin prep solutions according to the manufacturer's recommendations

C. Ensure the prep solution does not pool on the drapes
D. Apply blotting towels before performing skin prep
E. Allow skin prep solutions to dry before draping - ANS-When using chemical products, the
perioperative nurse should:
Select all

A. Use skin prep solutions according to the manufacturer's recommendations

B. Never remove the skin prep solutions
C. Ensure the prep solution does not pool on the drapes
D. Apply blotting towels before performing skin prep
E. Allow skin prep solutions to dry before draping

A. Using new technology at your facility

B. Implementing or suspending the do-not-resuscitate orders on a patient
D. Participating in human experiments that are conducted at your facility
E. Strongly supporting organ donation even though the family disagrees - ANS-What situations
where a decision would be based on ethical grounds?
Select all

A. Using new technology at your facility

B. Implementing or suspending the do-not-resuscitate orders on a patient
C. After the patient gives consent for surgery, refusing to proceed until all involved personnel
discuss the situation
D. Participating in human experiments that are conducted at your facility
E. Strongly supporting organ donation even though the family disagrees

A. Vapors of the volatile gases are hazardous

B. Volatile agents may be found in aerosol spray - ANS-Which of the following statements are
true regarding volatile liquids & agents?
Select all

A. Vapors of the volatile gases are hazardous

B. Volatile agents may be found in aerosol spray
C. Volatile liquids spread quickly
D. Alcohol is the only volatile liquid used in the OR

A. Wear a protective mask to avoid inhaling fumes

B. Avoid splashing while pouring
D. Use absorbent material & then triple-rinse with water any area where accidental formalin
spillage occurs
E. Avoid skin contact by wearing gloves when pouring - ANS-Which of the following statements
are true regarding specimen fixatives?
Select all

A. Wear a protective mask to avoid inhaling fumes

B. Avoid splashing while pouring
C. Never pour a volatile liquid under a flow hood
D. Use absorbent material & then triple-rinse with water any area where accidental formalin
spillage occurs
E. Avoid skin contact by wearing gloves when pouring

A. When cleaning spills of blood or any other potentially infectious material, use gloves & any
other PPE that is appropriate to the task
B. Visibly soiled operating room equipment, furniture, & floors should be cleaned with a
hospital-grade germicide
C. Infectious waste should be segregated from noninfectious waste in the general waste stream
D. Color coded or labeled bags should be used to facilitate separation of the various wastes -
ANS-Which of the following are best practices to be followed when performing environmental
sanitation?
Select all

A. When cleaning spills of blood or any other potentially infectious material, use gloves & any
other PPE that is appropriate to the task
B. Visibly soiled operating room equipment, furniture, & floors should be cleaned with a
hospital-grade germicide
C. Infectious waste should be segregated from noninfectious waste in the general waste stream
D. Color coded or labeled bags should be used to facilitate separation of the various wastes

A. willingness to take responsibility for one's actions

B. being dependable in all situations
C. making the best decisions with the input available
D. willingness to bear consequences for one's actions - ANS-For a professional nurse, personal
accountability means:
Select all

A. willingness to take responsibility for one's actions

B. being dependable in all situations
C. making the best decisions with the input available
D. willingness to bear consequences for one's actions
E. willingness to take blame for others

A. Wipe up liquid spillage as soon as possible

B. Do not use an open flame when electrical equipment is in use
D. Ensure that all electrical devices to be used in a medical treatment facility are checked &
cleared by biomedical personnel - ANS-When working with electrical equipment, the
perioperative RN should adhere to which of the following guidelines?
Select all

A. Wipe up liquid spillage as soon as possible

B. Do not use an open flame when electrical equipment is in use
C. Tightly wrap electrical cords
D. Ensure that all electrical devices to be used in a medical treatment facility are checked &
cleared by biomedical personnel
E. Ensure that the electrical devices are checked by a trained electrician before use

A. You may be required to write out the physician's verbal orders for medications administered &
have the physician sign the order
B. Hypersensitivity reactions should be documented
C. The manufacturer of implants should be documented
E. Rationale for counts not performed should be documented - ANS-Which of the following
statements are true regarding documenting requirements?
Select all

A. You may be required to write out the physician's verbal orders for medications administered &
have the physician sign the order
B. Hypersensitivity reactions should be documented
C. The manufacturer of implants should be documented
D. The manufacturer of the Foley catheter should be documented
E. Rationale for counts not performed should be documented

B. 10 seconds - ANS-During an electrical power outage, the perioperative RN should be aware

that a back-up generator should be activated within _____

A. 25 seconds
B. 10 seconds
C. 20 seconds
D. 15 seconds

B. 2 & 3 - ANS-Select the statements below that correctly pertain to a sterile field:
1. Sterile fields should be prepared where there are used but can be moved if appropriately
draped
2. The sterile field should be prepared for only one patient at a time
3. Only sterile items should come in contact with the sterile field
4. Two patients may occupy the OR/procedure room at the same time as long as all OR
personnel are wearing appropriate attire

A. 1 & 3
B. 2 & 3
C. 2 & 4
D. 3 & 4

B. A scrub has a detergent additive, a paint does not

C. A scrub is followed by a paint in a 2-step prep - ANS-Which of the following statements are
true about iodophor paints & iodophor scrubs?
Select all

A. A paint has a detergent additive, a scrub does not

B. A scrub has a detergent additive, a paint does not
C. A scrub is followed by a paint in a 2-step prep
D. A paint is following by a scrub in a 2-step prep

B. Abbreviations can lead to medical errors

C. Abbreviations are difficult to read
D. Abbreviations might be wrongly interpreted - ANS-Which of the following are true statements
regarding the use of abbreviations?
Select all

A. Abbreviations are to be used by physicians only

B. Abbreviations can lead to medical errors
C. Abbreviations are difficult to read
D. Abbreviations might be wrongly interpreted

B. airway
C. level of consciousness - ANS-The first things that must be assessed when a patient who has
received a general anesthetic enters the PACU are:
Select all

A. motor functions
B. airway
C. level of consciousness
D. body weight
E. verification of NPO status

B. Always remove the gown before the gloves

C. Pull the gown from the shoulder & pull it downward to turn the sleeves inside out -
ANS-Select the correct steps when removing gown & gloves after a case in the OR
Select all

A. Always remove the gloves before the gown

B. Always remove the gown before the gloves
C. Pull the gown from the shoulder & pull it downward to turn the sleeves inside out
D. Pull the gown from the sleeves & pull it upward without turning the sleeves inside

B. Apply cricoid pressure if needed during intubation - ANS-Which of the following would be an
appropriate action for the perioperative nurse when assisting with anesthesia?

A. Administer the muscle relaxant reversal agent if needed

B. Apply cricoid pressure if needed during intubation
C. Document anesthetic agents used, dose, route, & time
D. Extubate the patient

B. assessing the patient's medication allergies & use of herbal or dietary supplements
C. verifying the administration of the correct medication, use, & route
D. checking the expiration date of medication - ANS-The perioperative nurse's role in preparing
& administrating medications includes:
Select all

A. administering all medications ordered by the surgeon

B. assessing the patient's medication allergies & use of herbal or dietary supplements
C. verifying the administration of the correct medication, use, & route
D. checking the expiration date of medication

B. At the time of insertion - ANS-When does the body's reaction to the suture material start?

A. Days
B. At the time of insertion
C. Months
D. Weeks

B. Available with or without adhesive backing

C. Made up of plastic & impermeable material
E. May be impregnated with iodophor - ANS-Choose the correct statements about incise
drapes:
Select all

A. A type of fenestrated sheet

B. Available with or without adhesive backing
C. Made up of plastic & impermeable material
D. May be used in eye or ear procedures
E. May be impregnated with iodophor
B. Back-up electrical power should be supplied to all ORs within 10 seconds
C. Do not use 3:1 wire adapters
E. Remove electrical cords from outlets by holding the plug, not the cord itself
F. Maintain additional batter-operated flash lights in ORs & holding areas - ANS-Which of the
following statements are true regarding electrical safety?
Select all

A. Tightly wrap electrical cords around equipment to minimize the possibility of someone tripping
B. Back-up electrical power should be supplied to all ORs within 10 seconds
C. Do not use 3:1 wire adapters
D. Do not wipe spilled liquid as it might hamper the electrical integrity of the equipment
E. Remove electrical cords from outlets by holding the plug, not the cord itself
F. Maintain additional batter-operated flash lights in ORs & holding areas

B. Ball - ANS-Which electrode tip has a greater surface area & is excellent for coagulation &
fulguration?

A. Flat
B. Ball
C. Needle
D. Loop

B. Be careful not to contaminate gown when placing drapes

C. Never reach across an unsterile area to drape - ANS-What precautions should a scrub
person take during the draping procedure?
Select all

A. Never cuff the drapes over a gloved hand

B. Be careful not to contaminate gown when placing drapes
C. Never reach across an unsterile area to drape
D. Use perforating towel clips

B. By asking questions about the procedure & evaluating the answer - ANS-How does the
perioperative nurse test the patient's level of understanding?

A. By checking to see whether the patient feels knowledgeable enough to sign the consent
B. By asking questions about the procedure & evaluating the answer
C. By offering reassurance
D. By returning at another time to test recall

B. Can act as a physical barrier that prevents bone union

C. Is contraindicated when rapid bone regeneration is desired - ANS-What are the cautions &
contraindications when using bone wax?
Select all

A. Could cause a movable clot if placed near a vessel

B. Can act as a physical barrier that prevents bone union
C. Is contraindicated when rapid bone regeneration is desired
D. Can react with any metal hardware that is attached to the bone

B. Carpal tunnel release

C. Morton's neuroma
D. Ulnar nerve transposition - ANS-Which of the following surgeries may require the use of a
tourniquet?
Select all

A. Endoscopy
B. Carpal tunnel release
C. Morton's neuroma
D. Ulnar nerve transposition
E. Should arthroscopy

B. Certification relates to a sense of personal accomplishment

C. Certification helps to validate specialized knowledge
D. Certification relates to professional growth - ANS-Which of the following statements reflect
the importance of certification?
Select all

A. Certification is mandatory
B. Certification relates to a sense of personal accomplishment
C. Certification helps to validate specialized knowledge
D. Certification relates to professional growth

B. Check the circuitry for possible disruption - ANS-If the surgeon continuously asks for higher
power settings, what is the first action that the perioperative RN should take?

A. Get another ESU immediately

B. Check the circuitry for possible disruption
C. Switch to a bipolar generator & electrode
D. Change the active electrode & dispersive electrode

B. Chemical agents - ANS-What agents are effective in removing resident microorganisms?

A. Mechanical agents
B. Chemical agents
C. Biochemical agents
D. Hydrostatic agents
B. Clamp - ANS-A mosquito is classified as a _____
A. Cutting instrument
B. Clamp
C. Grasper
D. Retractor

B. Class II - Clean contaminated wounds - ANS-Which category of wound classification would a

tracheostomy fall under?

A. Class I - Clean wounds

B. Class II - Clean contaminated wounds
C. Class III - Contaminated wounds
D. Class IV - Dirty or infected wounds

B. Clean contaminated - ANS-In which surgical wound category should a total abdominal
hysterectomy be classified?

A. Clean
B. Clean contaminated
C. Contaminated
D. Dirty

B. Closed assisted gloving should be used to glove team members during initial gowning &
gloving
C. Once the scrubbed team member's hands pass through the cuff, the cuffs are considered
contaminated
D. Scrubbed team members should wear 2 pairs of surgical gloves - ANS-Select the statements
below that are correct:
Select all

A. During an open assisted gloving, the team member's gown sleeve is pulled down so that the
gown cuff is at fingertip level
B. Closed assisted gloving should be used to glove team members during initial gowning &
gloving
C. Once the scrubbed team member's hands pass through the cuff, the cuffs are considered
contaminated
D. Scrubbed team members should wear 2 pairs of surgical gloves

B. communicating information & documenting the decision - ANS-Obtaining informed consent is

a two-step process of:

A. weighing the benefits & burdens of treatment options

B. communicating information & documenting the decision
C. determining patient competency & authenticity of the signature
D. communicating the plan of care & reaching a decision

B. Consulting with the risk manager - ANS-Droplet precautions include all of the following
except:

A. Donning PPE
B. Consulting with the risk manager
C. Placing a mask on the patient during transport
D. Placing the patient in a single-patient room
E. Using an isolation room for the patient

B. content of the interview

C. assessment data & outcomes of the assessment
D. referrals to other disciplines - ANS-The knowledge gained in the informal process of a
teaching & learning interaction between a patient & perioperative nurse can be a simple
narrative in the nursing notes, but should include the:
Select all

A. patient's medical history

B. content of the interview
C. assessment data & outcomes of the assessment
D. referrals to other disciplines

B. Convene & communicate with members about safety

C. Incorporate attention to patient safety into training programs
D. Collaborate across disciplines - ANS-Professional organizations & societies, as well as
individual organizations can proactively create a culture that supports patient safety through
which of the following mechanisms?
Select all

A. Set processes rather than standards

B. Convene & communicate with members about safety
C. Incorporate attention to patient safety into training programs
D. Collaborate across disciplines

B. Coordination of interventions
C. Evaluation of nursing interventions
E. Implementation of the plan of care - ANS-What nursing processes are part of the
intraoperative phase of the 3 surgical phases?
Select all

A. Data collection
B. Coordination of interventions
C. Evaluation of nursing interventions
D. Development of plans of care
E. Implementation of the plan of care
F. Communicate care given

B. Create a surgical conscience - ANS-Which of the following is NOT a goal of sterile technique
& aseptic practices?

A. Minimize the length of recovery from surgery

B. Create a surgical conscience
C. Optimize primary wound healing
D. Prevent a surgical site infection

B. Device manufacturer - ANS-Appropriate methods for function testing of devices should be

obtained from the _______

A. Biomedical department
B. Device manufacturer
C. Recommended practices
D. Person in charge

B. Diameter of the needle should match the type of suture used

D. Easy to thread - ANS-Select the features & benefits of using a French-eye or split-eye needle
Select all

A. Can be used with any type of suture material

B. Diameter of the needle should match the type of suture used
C. Double wrapping the eye is acceptable
D. Easy to thread
E. Eye has a variety of shapes

B. disability
C. fear of dying
D. pain
E. self-esteem - ANS-Factors that affect the patient's ability to learn include:
Select all

A. hunger
B. disability
C. fear of dying
D. pain
E. self-esteem

B. dissecting tissue - ANS-Laparoscopic instruments with small, blunt tips are used for ______
A. cutting tissue
B. dissecting tissue
C. grasping tissue
D. moving tissue from one place to other

B. Downward - ANS-The point of forceps should be facing _____ while passing it to the surgeon

A. Upward
B. Downward
C. Forward
D. Backward

B. effectively
C. efficiently
D. safely
E. skillfully - ANS-The goals of perioperative nursing interventions are to deliver optimal patient
care _______.
Select all

A. conveniently
B. effectively
C. efficiently
D. safely
E. skillfully

B. Effectiveness of prevention methods

C. Numbers of colonized patients
D. Vulnerability of the patients - ANS-Which factors determine the likelihood of transmission &
persistence of multi-drug resistant organisms?
Select all

A. Decreased antimicrobial use

B. Effectiveness of prevention methods
C. Numbers of colonized patients
D. Vulnerability of the patients

B. Electrode - ANS-The thermal effects of the ESU & which of the following are used to cut &
coagulate tissue?

A. Pedal
B. Electrode
C. Pad
D. Doctor
B. ensure that warming therapy devices are used at appropriate settings
C. ensure that users are educated in the safe use of all electrical equipment
D. never place the hose of a patient warmer directly under the patient's blankets - ANS-When
working with electrical equipment, the perioperative nurse must:
Select all

A. ensure that the active electrocautery is switched on before starting the procedure
B. ensure that warming therapy devices are used at appropriate settings
C. ensure that users are educated in the safe use of all electrical equipment
D. never place the hose of a patient warmer directly under the patient's blankets
E. ensure that laser electrodes are discharged after each use

B. Explain the procedure in general terms

D. Keep the family updated about the progress of the procedure - ANS-Which of the following
are correct ways to inform & reassure the patient & his/her family about the procedure?
Select all

A. Explain all details about the procedure so that the patient has full knowledge
B. Explain the procedure in general terms
C. Explain the procedure in specific terms
D. Keep the family updated about the progress of the procedure

B. False - ANS-"Cooked-on" dirt is considered as sterile dirt & hence ignored during the
decontamination process

A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-All instruments opened in the operating or procedure room should be

decontaminated except for those that were not used.

A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-AORN Guidelines for Perioperative Practice can replace departmental &
institutional policies

A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-Because the process of chemical disinfection destroys blood, tissue, & mucous,
there is no need to decontaminate used surgical instruments before chemical disinfection
A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-Documentation of an incorrect count is not necessary

A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-During the assembly process, instruments should be placed in a specifically

designed container that restricts the penetration of the sterilizing agent & prevents the trapping
of air

A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-In an ambulatory care setting, unmedicated patients may walk to & from the OR
alone & unaided

A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-Sterile technique is defined as "comprises methods which are designed to

exclude all microbes."

A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-Terminal cleaning of the OR/procedure room is performed at the end of each
surgical procedure in order to render the environment safe for the patient following in that room
& to prevent cross-contamination.

A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-Vehicles transporting patients are not considered to be contaminated & hence
don't need to be cleaned during end-of-procedure cleaning

A. True
B. False

B. False - ANS-When documenting a dressing, the name of the person applying the dressing
should be noted.

A. True
B. False

B. Fiber-optic light cable

D. Camera control unit (CCU) - ANS-Which of the major components of medical video imaging?
Select all

A. Electrosurgical unit
B. Fiber-optic light cable
C. Veress needle
D. Camera control unit (CCU)

B. Finger nails
D. Carpet remnants - ANS-Which of the following forensic specimens should be placed in a
paper envelope, labeled, & sealed?
Select all

A. Gastric contents
B. Finger nails
C. Pellets
D. Carpet remnants
E. Knives

B. first assistant
D. surgeon - ANS-The ______ should be sterile during a surgical procedure
Select all

A. biohazard personnel
B. first assistant
C. anesthesia technician
D. surgeon

B. first assistant - ANS-The _____ assists the surgeon in suturing, ligating, & other tasks
required during the procedure

A. scrub person
B. first assistant
C. anesthesia assistant
D. RN circulator

B. for topical skin application only below the neck - ANS-Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is a
antimicrobial skin prepping agent used:

A. above the neck

B. for topical skin application only below the neck
C. for vaginal or mucous membrane preps
D. in the brain or meninges

B. Gown sleeves from 2 inches above the elbow to the cuff, circumferentially
C. Front of the gown from the chest to the level of the sterile field - ANS-Select the areas of the
sterile gown that are considered sterile
Select all

A. Back of the gown from the nape of the neck to the level of the elbows
B. Gown sleeves from 2 inches above the elbow to the cuff, circumferentially
C. Front of the gown from the chest to the level of the sterile field
D. Sleeve cuff that is covered by the sterile glove

B. Head covering that covers all hair

D. Scrub top tucked into scrub pants & a warm-up jacket - ANS-Correct surgical attire for the
restricted areas includes:
Select all

A. Facility identification on a lanyard

B. Head covering that covers all hair
C. Long-sleeved jacket with the sleeves pushed up
D. Scrub top tucked into scrub pants & a warm-up jacket
E. A lab coat when leaving the department

B. Herbal preparations can affect bleeding times

C. Herbal preparations can interfere with drug metabolism
D. Recreational drug use can result in withdrawal symptoms
E. Recreational drug users may require higher doses of anesthetic medications - ANS-Why is it
important to assess the use of herbal supplements or recreational drugs before surgery?
Select all

A. Herbal preparations can decrease the toxicity of other drugs administered during anesthesia
B. Herbal preparations can affect bleeding times
C. Herbal preparations can interfere with drug metabolism
D. Recreational drug use can result in withdrawal symptoms
E. Recreational drug users may require higher doses of anesthetic medications

B. History of deep vein thrombosis

C. Consent for open surgery
E. History of previous incisions - ANS-What additional assessments should be made by the
perioperative nurse before an endoscopic surgery?
Select all

A. History of thermal burns

B. History of deep vein thrombosis
C. Consent for open surgery
D. History of anaphylactic reactions
E. History of previous incisions
F. Types of instruments used in surgery

B. Hypervolemia - ANS-In addition to hyponatremia, which of the following conditions can be a

result of improper fluid management?

A. Hypertension
B. Hypervolemia
C. Hypotension
D. Hyperkalemia

B. Hypoxemia
C. Hypercarbia
D. Cardiac dysrhythmia
F. CO2 embolism - ANS-Which of the following are potential complications for laparoscopic
surgery?
Select all

A. Pneumonia
B. Hypoxemia
C. Hypercarbia
D. Cardiac dysrhythmia
E. Hypocarbia
F. CO2 embolism

B. identifying which outlets in the OR are connected to the emergency power

C. maintaining battery-operated (flood) lights in each OR
D. routinely checking the operation & availability of back-up equipment - ANS-In addition to
back-up electrical power in the case of a power outage, ORs may plan for outages by:
Select all

A. having a generator in each hospital wing

B. identifying which outlets in the OR are connected to the emergency power
C. maintaining battery-operated (flood) lights in each OR
D. routinely checking the operation & availability of back-up equipment

B. Improvement in quality of care

C. Increase in patient satisfaction
D. Increase in patient compliance
E. Ethical & legal mandates for patient education - ANS-The importance of patient & family
education is reflected by which of the following phrases?
Select all

A. Improvement in the nurse-patient relationship

B. Improvement in quality of care
C. Increase in patient satisfaction
D. Increase in patient compliance
E. Ethical & legal mandates for patient education

B. in urgent situations - ANS-Immediate use steam sterilization can be used:

A. for implants
B. in urgent situations
C. under no circumstances
D. for all items

B. is inexpensive
C. suppresses combustion
D. is rapidly eliminated from the body - ANS-Carbon Dioxide is the gas used for abdominal
insufflation because it:
Select all

A. is not readily absorbed by the body

B. is inexpensive
C. suppresses combustion
D. is rapidly eliminated from the body

B. It is safe to extend an incision because routine preps should be large enough to

accommodate the extension
C. The risk of inadvertent hypothermia can be prevented by decreasing patient exposure during
the prep and before draping
D. Solutions should not be warmed under conditions in with the temperature cannot be
controlled - ANS-Identify the true statements from those give below
Select all

A. When asleep, the patient will not be affected by solutions pooling under the bedding or the
body
B. It is safe to extend an incision because routine preps should be large enough to
accommodate the extension
C. The risk of inadvertent hypothermia can be prevented by decreasing patient exposure during
the prep and before draping
D. Solutions should not be warmed under conditions in with the temperature cannot be
controlled

B. Items can be stored for future use

C. No toxic residue is produced
D. The sterilant is bactericidal, virucidal, & fungicidal
E. It can be used for items that are heat sensitive - ANS-Which of the following are true about
low-temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization?
Select all

A. Exhaust monitoring is required

B. Items can be stored for future use
C. No toxic residue is produced
D. The sterilant is bactericidal, virucidal, & fungicidal
E. It can be used for items that are heat sensitive

B. Jack-knife (Kraske), prone - ANS-The table is flexed 90 degrees for the ______ position,
which is a variation of the ______ position

A. lateral, prone
B. Jack-knife (Kraske), prone
C. Trendelenburg, supine
D. Jack-knife (Kraske), supine

B. Keep fluids from pooling under the cuff

C. Only minimal effective pressure should be used to create a bloodless field
D. There should be a complete preoperative patient assessment
E. The cuff should fit properly on the patient
F. The inflation time should be monitored - ANS-Safety measures to prevent complications or
injury due to the use of a pneumatic tourniquet include:
Select all

A. Apply 3 layers of padding around the extremity at the most proximal point
B. Keep fluids from pooling under the cuff
C. Only minimal effective pressure should be used to create a bloodless field
D. There should be a complete preoperative patient assessment
E. The cuff should fit properly on the patient
F. The inflation time should be monitored

B. Keep it in a sterile basin until it can be passed to the RN circulator

C. Keep it moist with saline - ANS-Which of the following actions should the scrub person
perform for most specimens after receiving them from the surgeon?
Select all

A. Hand it of the field to the RN circulator on a radiopaque sponge

B. Keep it in a sterile basin until it can be passed to the RN circulator
C. Keep it moist with saline
D. Use a sponge to remove a very small specimen from forceps
B. Laparoscopic instruments have long, thin shafts to accommodate trocar cannulas -
ANS-Identify one characteristic difference between laparoscopic instruments & those used in
open procedures.

A. All laparoscopic scissors are "take-apart"

B. Laparoscopic instruments have long, thin shafts to accommodate trocar cannulas
C. One cannot dissect tissue with laparoscopic instruments
D. All laproscopic instruments are disposable

B. Last suture placed - incision site dressed - removal of instruments - removal of drapes -
disposable materials disposed of - ANS-Select the proper order for removal of drapes

A. Last suture placed - incision site dressed - removal of drapes - removal of instruments -
disposable materials disposed of
B. Last suture placed - incision site dressed - removal of instruments - removal of drapes -
disposable materials disposed of
C. Last suture placed - incision site dressed - disposable materials disposed of - removal of
instruments - removal of drapes
D. Last suture placed - incision site dressed - removal of instruments - disposable materials
disposed of - removal of drapes

B. Lock the wheels of the gurney & the OR bed before beginning the transfer - ANS-Which of
the following practices is recommended when transferring a patient from the OR bed to a
gurney?

A. Apply a safety strap around the patient's hips once the patient is centered on the gurney
B. Lock the wheels of the gurney & the OR bed before beginning the transfer
C. One person may transfer a patient who is alert & able to cooperate
D. Remove the sheet covering the patient before asking the patient to move laterally

B. Mechanical - ANS-Which classification of hemostasis methods involves pressure or the use

of ligating clips?

A. Chemical
B. Mechanical
C. Thermal

B. memory - ANS-The capacity of a suture to regain its former shape after being reformed is
known as ________

A. elasticity
B. memory
C. knot tensile strength
D. capillarity

B. Patient's medical record number

D. Spelling of the patient's name
E. Surgeon's name - ANS-To ensure proper handling of surgical specimens, which unique
identifiers should the perioperative nurse verify before the patient enters the OR?
Select all

A. Laboratory test to be performed

B. Patient's medical record number
C. Patient's medical diagnosis
D. Spelling of the patient's name
E. Surgeon's name

B. Penrose
C. T-tube - ANS-Which of the following drains allows for passive drainage of fluid from the
body?
Select all

A. Jackson-Pratt
B. Penrose
C. T-tube
D. Hemovac

B. Perioperative assessment - ANS-Which phase of the nursing process begins with a

discussion & planning with the patient & his/her family?

A. Clinical documentation
B. Perioperative assessment
C. Implementation
D. Outcome identification

B. Place the light source in standby mode whenever it is not in use - ANS-What is an important
safety consideration when using a light source?

A. Leave the light cord on the sterile field at all times

B. Place the light source in standby mode whenever it is not in use
C. Coil the light cord tightly to keep its fibers in shape
D. Replace light cords only when more than 50% of the fibers are broken

B. post-operative wound complications - ANS-Barrier material that contains lint & is worn in the
surgical suite has the potential to cause:

A. sneezing by perioperative personnel

B. post-operative wound complications
C. the material to appear dirty
D. dust

B. Prep them last - ANS-What does AORN's Guideline for Preoperative Patient Skin Antisepsis
recommend for prepping areas with high microbial counts?

A. Prep them first

B. Prep them last
C. Prep them during the procedure
D. Prep them whenever necessary

B. Protective gloves should be worn when removing the shoe covers

E. A pathologist may wear a one-piece coverall
F. The mask should never dangle around the neck - ANS-Identify the correct statements
regarding surgical attire.
Select all

A. All hair, including beards & eyebrows, must be covered by surgical team members during
surgical procedures
B. Protective gloves should be worn when removing the shoe covers
C. A disposable sterile gown, once worn, can be reused
D. A mask can be reused
E. A pathologist may wear a one-piece coverall
F. The mask should never dangle around the neck

B. Provide access to monitoring devices & IV lines

C. Provide optimal exposure
D. Maintain the patient's airway - ANS-What are the overall goals of surgical positioning?
Select all

A. Ensure the patient is strapped in to prevent sliding

B. Provide access to monitoring devices & IV lines
C. Provide optimal exposure
D. Maintain the patient's airway

B. Radiographic dyes are a risk to patients allergic to iodine & shellfish

C. Radiographic dyes are instilled directly into an organ or duct with a catheter or tube
D. Miotic agents are used to reduce intraocular pressure - ANS-Which of the following
statements are true regarding specific preoperative medications?
Select all

A. Papaverine & Ringer's lactate solution can be administered safely

B. Radiographic dyes are a risk to patients allergic to iodine & shellfish
C. Radiographic dyes are instilled directly into an organ or duct with a catheter or tube
D. Miotic agents are used to reduce intraocular pressure

B. Renal failure
E. Cell sickling - ANS-Which of the following are possible adverse effects of diagnostic imaging
agents?
Select all

A. Chills
B. Renal failure
C. Hypervolemia
D. Vertigo
E. Cell sickling

B. Resistance - ANS-Opposition to the flow of current is called what?

A. Voltage
B. Resistance
C. Grounding
D. Bony prominence

B. Right patient
C. Right specimen
D. Right date & time of collection
F. Right laboratory test
G. Right surgeon - ANS-What are the "Five Rights" to ensure proper identification & labeling of
surgical specimens?
Select all

A. Right medication
B. Right patient
C. Right specimen
D. Right date & time of collection
E. Right procedure
F. Right laboratory test
G. Right surgeon

B. set expectations for the health professionals

C. establish consistency across individuals & organizations
D. help set expectations of consumers & purchasers - ANS-The IOM report describes the
importance of setting standards & expectations for patient safety. The report states that setting
standards can _____
Select all
A. help in reviewing the work of the organization
B. set expectations for the health professionals
C. establish consistency across individuals & organizations
D. help set expectations of consumers & purchasers

B. size & sleeve length - ANS-Sterile gowns should be selected based on:

A. color of the gown

B. size & sleeve length
C. a tight fit
D. a loose fit

B. structured with predetermined questions - ANS-A directive interview is:

A. open-ended & unstructured

B. structured with predetermined questions
C. used to determine personality traits
D. an observation of the patient's nonverbal behavior

B. Temperature, time, & presence of steam - ANS-An integrator is a multiparameter indicator

designed to measure which of the following parameters?

A. Pressure, steam, & temperature

B. Temperature, time, & presence of steam
C. Pressure & sterility

B. the chemical action of microbial agents used - ANS-The surgical hand scrub controls resident
microorganisms by:

A. the mechanical action of scrubbing

B. the chemical action of microbial agents used
C. the temperature of the water combined with chemical action
D. none of the above

B. The generator should be turned off after use

D. The generator & foot switch should be protected from fluid spills
E. Power settings should be confirmed verbally between the perioperative nurse & the surgeon
both before & during the procedure
F. When using multiple ESUs, the dispersive electrodes should not touch each other -
ANS-Which of the following are correct safety checks for ESUs?
Select all

A. When removing the plug from the outlet, pull the cord
B. The generator should be turned off after use
C. The ESU can be used in the presence of defatting agents
D. The generator & foot switch should be protected from fluid spills
E. Power settings should be confirmed verbally between the perioperative nurse & the surgeon
both before & during the procedure
F. When using multiple ESUs, the dispersive electrodes should not touch each other

B. The name of the patient

C. The site of the procedure, including right/left position
D. The procedure to be performed - ANS-AORN guidelines for the time out recommend that all
team members verbally verify their agreement on the following:
Select all

A. The name of the surgeon

B. The name of the patient
C. The site of the procedure, including right/left position
D. The procedure to be performed

B. The patient lies flat on his/her back with arms extended at a less than 90-degree angle on
padded arm boards
E. There is a decrease in the diaphragmatic expansion
F. Use a heal-suspension device to redistribute heel pressure - ANS-Which of the following
statements are correct regarding the supine position?
Select all

A. The supine position is used only for breast surgery

B. The patient lies flat on his/her back with arms extended at a less than 90-degree angle on
padded arm boards
C. Arm extension should be less than 45 degrees
D. There is an increase in the systolic pressure
E. There is a decrease in the diaphragmatic expansion
F. Use a heal-suspension device to redistribute heel pressure

B. The perioperative nurse

C. The anesthesia professional
D. The scrub person - ANS-Which of the following individuals handle medications & solutions in
the operating suite?
Select all

A. The nursing assistant

B. The perioperative nurse
C. The anesthesia professional
D. The scrub person

B. There should be an evacuation plan displayed in every surgical suite

C. There can be increased anesthesia-related complications
E. Patients should be moved horizontally
F. The patients' medical records should be saved when possible - ANS-Which of the following
statements are correct regarding fire hazards?
Select all

A. Ambu bags should be readily available for ventilating patients with oxygen
B. There should be an evacuation plan displayed in every surgical suite
C. There can be increased anesthesia-related complications
D. Mentally competent patients over the age of 10 should evacuate themselves
E. Patients should be moved horizontally
F. The patients' medical records should be saved when possible

B. Tissue shavers
C. Bone reamers - ANS-Which powered cutting instruments are used in orthopedic surgery?
Select all

A. Dermatomes
B. Tissue shavers
C. Bone reamers
D. Phacoemulsifiers

B. To cut heavy tissue - ANS-Curved Mayo scissors are used for which of the following?

A. To cut delicate tissue

B. To cut heavy tissue
C. To hold suture material
D. To grasp tissue

B. To give informed consent for their treatment - ANS-Per The Patient Care Partnership, the
American Hospital Association believes the patient has a right to the following:

A. Information, unless the surgeon deems it unnecessary or detrimental to the patient

B. To give informed consent for their treatment
C. To have a loved one in the OR during the surgery
D. A video showing & explaining the upcoming surgery

B. ULPA - ANS-An individual smoke evacuation unit with a 0.1 micrometer _____ filter may be
used to evacuate airborne contaminants

A. LEV
B. ULPA
C. HEPA
D. N95
B. Unexplained increase in end-tidal CO2 - ANS-What is the most consistent indicator of
malignant hyperthermia during a surgical intervention?

A. Tachycardia
B. Unexplained increase in end-tidal CO2
C. Elevated temperature
D. Sustained muscle contraction

B. Unusual positions or positioning devices

C. Use of electrical equipment
D. Use of chemical agents
E. Prolonged length of surgery - ANS-Which of the following factors increase the patient's risk
for skin injury?
Select all

A. Use of the wrong type of linen

B. Unusual positions or positioning devices
C. Use of electrical equipment
D. Use of chemical agents
E. Prolonged length of surgery

B. Upwards - ANS-After the surgical hand scrub, the scrub person should keep the fingers
pointed in which direction to allow water to drip off away from the attire?

A. Downwards
B. Upwards
C. Straight
D. Curled towards the palm

B. Wet vacuum or single-use mop - ANS-Which methods are most effective for terminal
cleaning floors in the OR?

A. Damp mop with two-mop system

B. Wet vacuum or single-use mop
C. Microfiber mop
D. Dry vacuum

B. When passing a knife, it should be carefully held between the thumb & the index finger
C. When passing a knife, it is preferable to use a neutral zone rather than directly passing the
knife from hand to hand
D. When passing a knife, the cutting edge of the knife should point away from the surgeon & the
perioperative nurse - ANS-Which of the following are correct statements about handling knives?
Select all
A. When passing a knife, it should be carefully held using an assistive device such as a needle
holder
B. When passing a knife, it should be carefully held between the thumb & the index finger
C. When passing a knife, it is preferable to use a neutral zone rather than directly passing the
knife from hand to hand
D. When passing a knife, the cutting edge of the knife should point away from the surgeon & the
perioperative nurse

B. Xenon light source - ANS-Which light source would be used in a surgery where bright light is
required?

A. Metal halide light source

B. Xenon light source

C-E-A-D-B - ANS-Identify the correct sequence of the steps to apply an antimicrobial agent &
procedure for scrubbing an abdominal prep

A. Dip the sponge into the antimicrobial solution, squeezing out any excess liquid
B. Once the pattern is completed, discard the sponge into a trash container
C. Perform hand hygiene
D. Beginning at the site of the incision, use friction & scrub in a circular motion
E. Don sterile gloves & prepare the prep set

C, D, B, A - ANS-You have just finished a surgical procedure & are removing your gown &
gloves. Place the steps in the correct order

A. Wash hands with soap & water

B. Remove & discard the gloves using a glove-to-glove & skin-to-skin technique
C. Pull the gown downward from the shoulders & off the arms
D. Fold the contaminated side of the gown to the inside, roll it up, & discard it

C. 1-3 years - ANS-The age group of the toddler is _____

A. Birth to 1 month
B. 1-12 months
C. 1-3 years
D. 3-6 years

C. 1, 3, & 4 - ANS-Chemotherapeutic agents may pose a hazard to patients & personnel

because they are:
1. carcinogenic
2. eugenic
3. mutagenic
4. teratogenic

A. 1 & 2
B. 2 & 3
C. 1, 3, & 4
D. 1, 2, 3, & 4

C. 3 to 6 years - ANS-A child in which of the following age groups can be described as "likes to
socialize & can interpret terms"?

A. 1 month to 12 months
B. 1 to 3 years
C. 3 to 6 years
D. 6 to 12 years

C. 3, 1, 2 - ANS-Identify the correct order of tasks to be completed in an assessment interview

1. Ask questions to determine the patient's knowledge of the procedure
2. Determine, from the patient's responses, the patient's knowledge
3. Collate information from the patient's previous medical records

A. 1, 2, 3
B. 3, 2, 1
C. 3, 1, 2
D. 2, 1, 3

C. A neutral zone - ANS-When passing sharps during a procedure, the best way to protect
yourself & surgeon is by using _____
A. Extra care
B. Assistive devices
C. A neutral zone
D. A knife handle

C. a sharps disposal container - ANS-The proper device for the disposal of blades, needles,
stapling devices, pins, & cautery tips should be:

A. a kick bucket
B. proper bags
C. a sharps disposal container
D. impervious biohazard waste receptacles

C. A small portion of tissue is incised & sent for examination - ANS-What is incisional biopsy?

A. A fine gauge needle & syringe are used to aspirate the sample
B. An entire section of tissue is sent for examination
C. A small portion of tissue is incised & sent for examination
D. A small portion of the fluid is drawn & sent for examination

C. Arterial line - ANS-Which of the following is NOT included in basic monitoring of the patient
for anesthesia?

A. Pulse oximetry
B. ECG
C. Arterial line
D. Blood Pressure

C. As close to the operative site as feasible - ANS-To reduce the possibility of an injury or burn,
which of the following most accurately describes where the perioperative RN should place the
dispersive electrode?

A. As far from the operative site as feasible

B. Directly on the operative site
C. As close to the operative site as feasible
D. Anywhere it will be easy to access

C. assistive prop - ANS-Which device should be used while carrying out an extremity prep?

A. cuff
B. tape
C. assistive prop
D. clip

C. Avoid using it with an autologous blood salvage unit - ANS-What precaution should be taken
when microfibrillar collagen is used as a hemostatic agent intraoperatively?

A. Antibiotics must be administered concurrently because of increased risk of wound infection

B. Moisten or wet agent to achieve hemostasis
C. Avoid using it with an autologous blood salvage unit
D. Protamine sulfate should be available as a reversal agent

C. because state laws require specific count procedures - ANS-Sponge counts are done for all
the following reasons, EXCEPT:

A. to account for sponges used on the surgical field

B. to prevent injury to a patient by a retained foreign body
C. because state laws require specific count procedures

C. Bipolar - ANS-In which type of electrosurgery is the current confined to the tissue between
the poles of the instrument?
A. Monopolar
B. Laser
C. Bipolar
D. Electrode

C. Calm the patient - ANS-How can the perioperative nurse assist the anesthesia provider with
placement of a spinal or epidural block?

A. Inject local anesthetic

B. Thread the catheter through the needle
C. Calm the patient
D. Identify landmarks for insertion of the needle

C. Cardiovascular surgery - ANS-Atraumatic forceps are most often used in ______

A. Abdominal surgery
B. Plastic surgery
C. Cardiovascular surgery
D. Endoscopic procedures

C. chamber humidity - ANS-Complete sterilization in ethylene oxide is dependent upon four

primary variables: proper time, gas concentration, temperature, &:

A. proper packaging
B. aeration
C. chamber humidity
D. pressure

C. Cherry dissectors - ANS-These types of sponges provide blunt dissection as they absorb
fluids:

A. Neuro-patties
B. Laparotomy sponges
C. Cherry dissectors
D. Radiopaque sponges

C. Class III - Contaminated wounds - ANS-Which of the following categories of wound

classification would an acute appendicitis or cholecystitis fall under?

A. Class I - Clean wounds

B. Class II - Clean contaminated wounds
C. Class III - Contaminated wounds
D. Class IV - Dirty or infected wounds
C. covering the patient & the surrounding areas with sterile materials to create & maintain a
barrier between nonsterile & sterile areas - ANS-Draping the patient involves:

A. covering the patient with a sterile barrier

B. covering the patient & the surrounding areas with a sterile barrier
C. covering the patient & the surrounding areas with sterile materials to create & maintain a
barrier between nonsterile & sterile areas
D. covering the patient, the surrounding areas, & the instruments with a sterile barrier

C. Current leaves the generator, is applied to tissue using a two-poled instrument, & returns to
the generator - ANS-Which statement best describes the path for bipolar surgical current?

A. Current leaves the generator, is applied to tissue using a pencil device, is collected in the
dispersive pad, & returns to the generator
B. Current leaves the generator, is applied to tissue using a pencil device, & returns to the
generator
C. Current leaves the generator, is applied to tissue using a two-poled instrument, & returns to
the generator

C. Data that is the information written in the patient's record & nursing notes
D. History, physical, & laboratory data are examples of objective data - ANS-Which of the
following statements are true about objective data?
Select all

A. Data that consists of the patient's own feelings & perceptions

B. Age, religion, or culture are examples of objective data
C. Data that is the information written in the patient's record & nursing notes
D. History, physical, & laboratory data are examples of objective data

C. date & time of collection, site, & surgeon's name & contact information - ANS-Any tissue or
fluid removed from the body is documented & identified. Some of the items included in the
documentation accompanying specimens are:

A. site, location, & type of dressing, & loss of fluids

B. type of specimen, date & time of collection, & hypersensitive reactions
C. date & time of collection, site, & surgeon's name & contact information

C. During the initial donning of sterile gown gloves only - ANS-When is the closed glove
technique used?

A. During a surgical procedure

B. During insertion of an IV cut down
C. During the initial donning of sterile gown gloves only
D. When changing one or both gloves

C. End-of-procedure cleaning
D. Terminal cleaning - ANS-Which of the following activities may be handled by the
environmental services personnel?
Select all

A. Preliminary room preparation

B. Damp dusting/mopping
C. End-of-procedure cleaning
D. Terminal cleaning

C. First, wash your hands under running water with soap

D. Use an approved antimicrobial scrub agent on wet hands & arms - ANS-Which of the
following statements are true in relation to scrubbing for the first procedure of the day?
Select all

A. Clean under your fingernails using a brush

B. Consider your hands & arms as 2 dimensional to ensure covering all aspects when washing
C. First, wash your hands under running water with soap
D. Use an approved antimicrobial scrub agent on wet hands & arms

C. Flumazenil - ANS-Which drug is used to reverse valium & midazolam?

A. Neostigmine
B. Pancuronium
C. Flumazenil
D. Succinylcholine

C. from the chest to the level of the sterile field - ANS-The front of a sterile gown should be
considered sterile:

A. after donning sterile gloves

B. before the procedure starts
C. from the chest to the level of the sterile field
D. until the end of the procedure

C. gas concentration - ANS-Complete sterilization in ethylene oxide is dependent upon four

primary variables: proper time, humidity, temperature, and:

A. proper packaging
B. aeration
C. gas concentration
D. pressure
C. gas emboli - ANS-When using argon-enhanced coagulation (AEC), there is a risk of ______

A. electrosurgical injuries
B. carbon dioxide purge
C. gas emboli
D. decreased insufflator pressure

C. Hair should be removed from the surgical site only when the hair is so thick that it will
interfere with the procedure - ANS-Which of the following statements is correct regarding hair
removal from a surgical patient?

A. Hair should be removed from the surgical site before any surgical procedure
B. Hair should be removed from the surgical site by using clippers or razors
C. Hair should be removed from the surgical site only when the hair is so thick that it will
interfere with the procedure
D. All of the above

C. Hand hygiene - ANS-One of the most effective ways to prevent disease transmission &
control infections in health care settings is:

A. Cough etiquette
B. Effective cleaning of health care surfaces
C. Hand hygiene
D. Use of PPE

C. Inform the surgical team of the discrepancy - ANS-When a count discrepancy occurs, what
should be the FIRST action taken by the RN circulator?

A. Call for anterior & lateral x-ray

B. Inform the nurse supervisor
C. Inform the surgical team of the discrepancy
D. Instruct the scrub person to search for the missing item

C. introduced into the human body - ANS-Per the Spaulding Classification System, critical items
include instruments or objects that are:

A. in contact with mucous membranes

B. in contact with the patient's unbroken skin
C. introduced into the human body
D. which are out of the sterile field

C. Irrigation solution - ANS-By which route are antibiotics most commonly administered by the
perioperative nurse during the intraoperative phase?
A. Intramuscular
B. Intravenous
C. Irrigation solution
D. Subcutaneous

C. is based on the premise that the patient manifests normal response to most interventions -
ANS-Charting by exception is a time saver & _______

A. is easy even if you don't understand what is expected of a nurse

B. does not require assessment skills
C. is based on the premise that the patient manifests normal response to most interventions
D. does not require documentation during the shift or notes on changes in the patient's progress

C. left untouched to cool for 30 to 60 minutes - ANS-After completion of the steam sterilization
cycle, wrapped, sterilized items should be:

A. placed on metal table until cooled

B. used immediately
C. left untouched to cool for 30 to 60 minutes
D. left untouched to cool for 15 to 30 minutes

C. Liable means to bind or to be responsible to or to be under obligation to

D. Negligence means the failure to exercise care that a prudent person would perform under the
same circumstances - ANS-Which of the following definitions are correct?
Select all

A. Assault means that actual physical act of harm

B. Battery means the threat of physical harm
C. Liable means to bind or to be responsible to or to be under obligation to
D. Negligence means the failure to exercise care that a prudent person would perform under the
same circumstances

C. mechanical method - ANS-Which of the following involves applying physical pressure to the
wound to stop the flow of blood?

A. chemical method
B. thermal method
C. mechanical method
D. both A & C

C. must show, duty, breach, causation, & damages - ANS-A successful lawsuit that an RN could
be involved in:
A. doesn't require patient injury
B. only requires a nurse-patient relationship
C. must show, duty, breach, causation, & damages
D. considers whether the patient has filed previous lawsuits

C. Mycobacteria - ANS-Tuberculocidals are a special class of disinfectants. In order to be

labeled "tuberculocidal," products need to have demonstrated potency against:

A. Pseudomonas
B. Staphylococcus
C. Mycobacteria
D. Salmonella

C. Naloxone - ANS-Fentanyl can be reversed with which of the following agents?

A. Neostigmine
B. Sugammadex
C. Naloxone
D. Flumazenil

C. never - ANS-The skin can _____ be sterilized

A. always
B. easily
C. never
D. none of the above

C. Nicking or cutting the skin - ANS-Which of the following should be avoided during hair
removal?

A. Use of clippers
B. Clipping of hair against the grain of hair growth
C. Nicking or cutting the skin
D. Removal of loose hair from prepped area

C. On a separate Mayo stand - ANS-Where should the scrub person's sterile gown be opened?

A. As far away from the instrument tray as possible

B. In the back corner of the instrument table
C. On a separate Mayo stand
D. On top of the gloves for the scrub person

C. Outcome identification - ANS-Defining nursing goals & intervention strategies is a part of

which phase in the nursing process?
A. Assessment
B. Nursing diagnosis
C. Outcome identification
D. Planning

C. Physical separation - ANS-In order to achieve environmental & microbial control between
decontamination & sterilization areas, functional workflow areas should establish ______ &
vented airflow outside that will minimize potential contamination of processed items

A. Elevated room temperature

B. Traffic patterns
C. Physical separation
D. The amount of bioburden

C. Polyglycolic acid - ANS-Which of the following suture materials is a synthetic absorbable

suture?

A. Surgical cotton
B. Surgical silk
C. Polyglycolic acid
D. Linen

C. Proliferation - ANS-During which phase of wound healing does contraction occur?

A. Epithelialization
B. Inflammation
C. Proliferation
D. Remodeling

C. quickly immerse the suture in sterile water or normal saline solution - ANS-If a natural
absorbable suture starts to dry during a procedure:

A. use a new suture

B. soak the suture in sterile chemicals
C. quickly immerse the suture in sterile water or normal saline solution
D. drench the suture in sterile peroxide

C. reconsidered to ensure that the risks & benefits of anesthesia & surgery are discussed before
surgery - ANS-A preoperative patient's do-not-resuscitate order is:

A. irrevocable & unchangeable once established

B. not intended to be upheld in the perioperative environment
C. reconsidered to ensure that the risks & benefits of anesthesia & surgery are discussed before
surgery
D. not reinstated until the patient leaves the perioperative environment

C. record the chronological order of events during the nursing care of a patient - ANS-The
primary purpose of documentation is to:

A. be prepared in case a court case is filed

B. make sure everything is written down
C. record the chronological order of events during the nursing care of a patient
D. relate any conversations & discussion with the patient & family in detail

C. requires the nurse to document & act as a reasonably qualified nurse would in a similar
situation - ANS-The concept of a standard of care related to documentation:

A. is not determined by hospital policy or AORN standards

B. requires the nurse's care to be perfect
C. requires the nurse to document & act as a reasonably qualified nurse would in a similar
situation
D. is set in law & never changes

C. Scrub person
D. Surgical assistant - ANS-In addition to the surgeon, which surgical team members wear
sterile gowns & gloves during the procedure?
Select all

A. anesthesia care provider

B. circulating nurse
C. Scrub person
D. Surgical assistant

C. Scrub person
D. Surgical assistant - ANS-In addition to the surgeon, which surgical team members wear
sterile gowns & gloves during the procedure?
Select all

A. Anesthesia care provider

B. Circulating nurse
C. Scrub person
D. Surgical assistant

C. self-determination - ANS-Truth telling & the process of reaching informed consent underlie
the principle of:
A. respect
B. empathy
C. self-determination
D. communication

C. Sequential compression - ANS-_______ stockings are used to prevent deep vein thrombosis
during a surgical procedure

A. Symmetrical compression
B. Spatial compression
C. Sequential compression
D. Secondary compression

C. Serial number of the implant

D. Expiration date
E. Size, if applicable
F. Type of implanted tissue
G. Position of the implant - ANS-Which of the following are details that should be included in the
documentation of surgical tissue implants?
Select all

A. Color of the surgical tissue implant

B. Name & SSN of the organ donor
C. Serial number of the implant
D. Expiration date
E. Size, if applicable
F. Type of implanted tissue
G. Position of the implant

C. Shearing - ANS-What response is the result of tissue layers moving on each other?

A. Pressure ulcers
B. Maceration
C. Shearing
D. Friction

C. Skin adhesives - ANS-Which of the following skin closure products involve the use of liquid
polymers?

A. Skin clips
B. Skin closure dressings
C. Skin adhesives
D. Skin closure strips
C. source or reservoir - ANS-Which of the 3 elements required for an infection to occur is related
to inanimate environmental surfaces?

A. method of transmission
B. susceptible host
C. source or reservoir

C. Start the prep at the incision site & extend both distally & proximally to include the entire
extremity
D. Use an assistive device to support the extremity during the prep
E. Use an impervious drape to protect the tourniquet - ANS-Which actions should the
perioperative nurse take in prepping an extremity when a tourniquet is used?
Select all

A. Drape the tourniquet with a cloth towel to keep solution from going under the tourniquet
B. Start prepping at the level of the tourniquet
C. Start the prep at the incision site & extend both distally & proximally to include the entire
extremity
D. Use an assistive device to support the extremity during the prep
E. Use an impervious drape to protect the tourniquet

C. Swaged - ANS-_____ needles are in continuity with the suture material

A. French eyed
B. Eyed
C. Swaged
D. All of the above

C. The entire sterile field should be broken down & a sterile field reestablished - ANS-What
action below is the best course to take when a hair is found in an instrument tray on the back
table?

A. Using a sterile clamp, the scrub person should remove the hair & pass it off to the RN
circulator
B. The scrub person should pass off the entire instrument tray & request a replacement
C. The entire sterile field should be broken down & a sterile field reestablished
D. The scrub person should pass off the instrument tray & change gown & gloves

C. The number, type, & resistance of microorganisms - ANS-Ineffective cleaning & the amount
of bioburden negatively affect the process of sterilization. The process of sterilization is also
negatively affected by ________

A. An instrument tray weighing 20 pounds

B. Soaking of instrumentation in cleaning solution prior to decontamination
C. The number, type, & resistance of microorganisms
D. All of the above

C. The open method is used for subsequent gloving

D. The open glove method is used while performing sterile procedures when a gown is not worn
- ANS-Which of the following statements are correct?
Select all

A. The closed glove method is used for subsequent gloving

B. The open glove method is used for the initial donning of sterile gown & gloves
C. The open method is used for subsequent gloving
D. The open glove method is used while performing sterile procedures when a gown is not worn

C. The staff member should verbally verify the correct site with each member of the surgical
team - ANS-Which of the following "AORN Position Statement on Correct Site Surgery"
statements is true?

A. Family members should not be involved in identifying the correct site

B. The surgical site should be marked with a washable marker
C. The staff member should verbally verify the correct site with each member of the surgical
team
D. Wrong-site surgery is most common in ophthalmologic procedures

C. their resistance to blood & other body fluids - ANS-Based on AORN RPs, procedure-related
requirements for surgical gowns, gloves, & drapes are differentiated by:

A. a pleasing color
B. the way the material smells
C. their resistance to blood & other body fluids
D. the cost of the product in the facility

C. To reduce the resident microbial count to a minimum

D. To inhibit rapid rebound growth of microorganisms
E. To remove soil, debris, & transient microorganisms - ANS-The purposes of performing a
surgical hand scrub include:
Select all

A. To accomplish person hygiene

B. To kill the microorganisms
C. To reduce the resident microbial count to a minimum
D. To inhibit rapid rebound growth of microorganisms
E. To remove soil, debris, & transient microorganisms

C. Topical thrombin - ANS-_____ can also be used in spray form

A. Plasma-lyte pH 7.4
B. Microfibrillar collagen
C. Topical thrombin
D. Liquaemin

C. Using a time-out procedure before beginning the procedure - ANS-Which of the following
practices should be used to implement the Joint Commission's Universal Protocol for Preventing
Wrong Site, Wrong Procedure, Wrong Person Surgery?

A. Asking the patient to mark the correct surgical site with an "X"
B. Asking the patient to verify the expected procedure in writing
C. Using a time-out procedure before beginning the procedure
D. Using 3 unique patient identifiers

C. Vitamin C - ANS-Which nutritional component supports collagen formation & increases

capillary formation?

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Zinc
E. Protein

C. What constitutes an old injury

D. Which wound class a surgery should be assigned - ANS-The AORN Surgical Wound
Classification Decision Tree is helpful in determining:
Select all

A. If closed drainage is necessary

B. If a major break in technique will affect the wound class
C. What constitutes an old injury
D. Which wound class a surgery should be assigned

C. Wound infections
D. CO2 embolism - ANS-What are complications associated with laparoscopic surgery?
Select all

A. Umbilical hernia
B. Post-surgical pneumonia
C. Wound infections
D. CO2 embolism

Core: Distal esophagus, Nasopharynx, Tympanic membrane (thermistor)

Near-Core: Bladder, Skin - ANS-Identify which body parts are core & near-core temperature
sites
Bladder
Distal esophagus
Tympanic membrane (thermistor)
Nasopharynx
Skin

D. 1, 2, 3, & 4 - ANS-Which of the following statements are accurate regarding the

documentation required for equipment used during operative procedures?
1. Location of the dispersive electrode pad
2. The use of any warming/cooling blankets
3. The identification number on the laser
4. Identification of the person that applied the tourniquet

A. 2 & 4
B. 1, 3, & 4
C. 1, 2, & 4
D. 1, 2, 3, & 4

D. After the cuff of the ET tube is inflated & the position is confirmed - ANS-When should cricoid
pressure be released?

A. If the patient coughs

B. When the patient loses consciousness
C. If the anesthesia provider cannot see the vocal cords
D. After the cuff of the ET tube is inflated & the position is confirmed

D. All of the above - ANS-Competency statements:

A. direct a nurse's activity in the perioperative area

B. provide a basic model to evaluate the quality of nursing practice
C. ascertain a level of skills and abilities necessary to fulfill the professional role
D. All of the above

D. all of the above - ANS-Effective methods for preventing SSIs include:

A. effective environmental cleaning procedures

B. performance of sterile technique
C. use of surgical attire & other barriers
D. all of the above

D. All of the above - ANS-Recommendations for draping include:

A. Handling sterile drapes as littles as possible
B. Cuffing the drape material over the gloved hands
C. Holding the drapes in a controlled manner
D. All of the above

D. all of the above - ANS-Sterile fields may be covered with a sterile drape:

A. during periods of increased activity in the OR

B. when there is an anticipated delay in the start of the surgical or invasive procedure
C. to shorten exposure time to environmental contaminants
D. all of the above

D. All of the above - ANS-When there is a break in sterile technique, the minimum corrective
actions should be:

A. Removing the entire tray & contaminated instruments from the OR

B. Have team members change any potentially contaminated gloves
C. Any additional corrective actions that may be required subject to thoughtful assessment
D. All of the above

D. any member of the health care team - ANS-Surgical conscience demands the recognition of
improper practices observed during surgery by:

A. the surgeon
B. the anesthesiologist
C. the perioperative nurse
D. any member of the health care team

D. Bolus of anesthetic - ANS-During intravenous regional anesthesia (Bier Block), the tourniquet
should be deflated slowly to prevent which of the following from entering the circulation?

A. Bacteria
B. Lymphatic fluids
C. Thrombus
D. Bolus of anesthetic

D. Both B & C - ANS-Best practices dictate that perioperative personnel should wear a clean
surgical mask secured in a manner to prevent venting:

A. Only if indicated by the surgeon to do so

B. With surgery & other invasive procedures
C. When open sterile supplies are present
D. Both B & C
D. C > A > D > B - ANS-Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs, rate the patient needs given
below in descending order of their importance:
A. The patient has a feeling that he/she can confide feelings to the perioperative nurse
B. The patient's religious beliefs are being considered while deciding perioperative practices
C. The patient is well-fed & warm
D. The patient is confident of his/her prospects of recovery from the surgery

A. C > D > A > B

B. C > A > B > D
C. A > D > C > B
D. C > A > D > B

D. collage formation - ANS-Prolonged high dosages of steroids preoperatively delay ______

A. hemoglobin formation
B. bile production
C. insulin production
D. collage formation

D. Controlled release needle - ANS-Which of the following needles are also known as a pop-off
needle?

A. Single-armed eyeless needle

B. Double-armed eyeless needle
C. Permanently swaged needle
D. Controlled release needle
E. French needle

D. Decontamination - ANS-Scrub attire, head cover, gloves, gowns, eye protection, & masks or
face shields must be worn in which of the following areas?

A. Sterilization processing
B. Sterile storage
C. Preparation & packaging
D. Decontamination

D. Done according to federal, state, & local regulations - ANS-Which of the following is correct
regarding the disposal of contents from reusable suction systems?

A. Done by emptying into a hopper

B. Done by following the physician's preference
C. Reusable containers should never be purchased
D. Done according to federal, state, & local regulations
D. Endotracheal intubation - ANS-Which of the following type of airway maintenance usually
requires muscle relaxants?

A. Spontaneous respiration
B. Mask ventilation
C. Laryngeal mask airway
D. Endotracheal intubation

D. Enzymatic wash - ANS-During the decontamination process, any soil left on an item will act
as a barrier between the item & the sterilant. Coagulated protein may cover & protect bacteria
from coming in contact with the sterilization agent. Which of the following may help remove
debris on items heavily soiled with dried-on protein?

A. Warm water rinse

B. Appropriate detergent
C. Automated wash
D. Enzymatic wash

D. Ethnicity - ANS-Risk factors which contribute to postoperative infection include all below
except for:

A. Age
B. Nutritional Status
C. Length/type of surgery
D. Ethnicity
E. Surgical technique

D. Health care personnel who have cuts on their hands should not provide direct patient care -
ANS-Because skin is a major source of contamination in the surgical environment, which of the
following statements is true?

A. Hand hygiene is only necessary before providing care to a patient

B. Hand hygiene should be considered effective only if you are using an antimicrobial solution
C. Hand lotions with petroleum as an ingredient are acceptable for use with gloves
D. Health care personnel who have cuts on their hands should not provide direct patient care

D. Hemostasis - Cleaning up the pathogens - Wound sealing - Regeneration of epidermal

covering - Repair deeper tissue damage - ANS-Identify the proper sequence of events in the
body's defense mechanism

A. Cleaning up the pathogens - Repair deeper tissue damage - Hemostasis - Wound sealing -
Regeneration of epidermal covering
B. Wound sealing - Cleaning up the pathogens - Repair deeper tissue damage - Hemostasis -
Regeneration of epidermal covering
C. Hemostasis - Cleaning up the pathogens - Regeneration of epidermal covering - Repair
deeper tissue damage - Wound sealing
D. Hemostasis - Cleaning up the pathogens - Wound sealing - Regeneration of epidermal
covering - Repair deeper tissue damage

D. implemented during surgical procedures to prevent microbial contamination - ANS-Which of

the following best describes sterile technique? Sterile technique is:

A. applied when stocking supplies in the surgical suite

B. carried out by non-scrubbed personnel by maintaining a distance of at least 6 inches from the
sterile field
C. employed during terminal cleaning to assure a sterile environment
D. implemented during surgical procedures to prevent microbial contamination

D. Local anesthesia - ANS-Sedation can be used with any of the following types of anesthesia
EXCEPT:

A. Regional anesthesia
B. Monitored anesthesia care
C. General anesthesia
D. Local anesthesia

D. Lung capacity decreases with increasing age - ANS-Which of the following statements is
true?

A. Blood pressure remains constant with age

B. Body temperature increases with increasing age
C. Heart rate increases with increasing age
D. Lung capacity decreases with increasing age

D. Metal - ANS-Which of these is reactive & does not cause resistance to the flow of electricity?

A. Prep
B. Extremities
C. Holster
D. Metal

D. Moderate sedation - ANS-Depending on state laws & hospital policies, which of the following
types of anesthesia can be performed without a professional anesthesia provider?

A. General anesthesia
B. Regional anesthesia
C. Monitored anesthesia care
D. Moderate sedation

D. monitor postoperative infections & suggest steps to take to reduce these infections -
ANS-The CDC's Classification of Surgical Wounds system is intended to ________________

A. categorize surgical wounds based on coexisting diseases & according to origin, diagnosis, &
treatment
B. elaborate on the CDC's principles of universal precautions by establishing guidelines for
treating infections should they occur
C. suggest emergency criteria for dealing with infections inside the procedure room
D. monitor postoperative infections & suggest steps to take to reduce these infections

D. Must not be injected or allowed to enter large vessels, as extensive intravascular clotting may
occur - ANS-Which of the following is true in handling hemostatic agents such as collagen or
gelatin sponges?

A. Should be moistened prior to use

B. Should not be left in the wound, since they are not absorbable
C. Are highly perishable & should be refrigerated prior to use
D. Must not be injected or allowed to enter large vessels, as extensive intravascular clotting may
occur

D. Occlusive - ANS-Which type of dressing is used to prevent drying of the wound & increase
the proliferation of epithelial cells?

A. Gauze
B. Pressure
C. Rigid Support
D. Occlusive

D. Optic nerve - ANS-While all prion diseases are infectious, infectivity is based primarily on
laboratory studies of different prion diseases in humans & animals. Central nervous system
tissue (e.g. brain, spinal cord, pituitary) has been shown to be highly infectious. Which of the
following has also been shown to be highly infectious (as opposed to a lower level of infectivity
or no infectivity)?

A. Skeletal muscle
B. Feces
C. Heart muscle
D. Optic nerve

D. Penetration of tough tissues - ANS-Trocar needle points are used for which type of tissue?
A. Aponeurosis, biliary tract, dura
B. Dissection of friable tissue
C. Ligaments, nasal & oral cavities
D. Penetration of tough tissues

D. permit aseptic delivery of contents to the sterile field - ANS-A packaging system for items
undergoing sterilization should:

A. be compatible with all sterilization processes

B. be made of only disposable materials
C. maintain sterility of the items for a specified length of time
D. permit aseptic delivery of contents to the sterile field

D. phagocytosis - ANS-The process of digestion of pathogens by neutrophils & macrophages is

known as ______

A. epithelialization
B. hemostasis
C. edema formation
D. phagocytosis
E. proliferation

D. Protect sensitive areas of the skin with appropriate padding - ANS-Which of the following
practices is recommended to reduce the patient's risk of intraoperative skin injury?

A. Allow the prep solution to remain on the skin postoperatively to prevent infection
B. Leave blotting towels in place after the skin prep is completed
C. Place the hose of the patient warmer under the patient's blankets, avoiding contact with the
skin
D. Protect sensitive areas of the skin with appropriate padding

D. Risk for perioperative positioning injury - ANS-Which of the following is considered a critical
perioperative nursing diagnosis within the PNDS?

A. Impaired tissue integrity

B. Pain
C. Risk for fluid volume deficit
D. Risk for perioperative positioning injury

D. space where direct, scattered, or reflected laser radiation exceeds maximal permissible
exposure - ANS-The nominal hazard zone for laser use is the:

A. area outside the maximum permissible exposure

B. area within 3 feet of the surgical field
C. distance from the laser delivery device to the targeted tissue
D. space where direct, scattered, or reflected laser radiation exceeds maximal permissible
exposure

D. teaching protocols, objectives, & outcomes - ANS-Effective forms of perioperative

documentation related to patient education combine:

A. patient data, outcomes, & nursing interventions

B. nursing diagnosis, patient outcomes, & evaluation
C. a narrative note with referrals
D. teaching protocols, objectives, & outcomes

D. The eyewear should be matched to the type of laser, optical density, & wavelength -
ANS-Which of the following is a correct application of the AORN Guidelines for Perioperative
Practice for use of appropriate eyewear during laser use?

A. Personnel should not use protective eyewear in common

B. Protective eyewear is required only for certain types of lasers
C. Regular, corrective lenses, including contact lenses, are sufficient for most types of lasers
D. The eyewear should be matched to the type of laser, optical density, & wavelength

D. The operating surgeon - ANS-All of the following professionals are qualified to provide
anesthesia to a patient EXCEPT:

A. Anesthesiologist
B. Certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA)
C. Anesthesiologist assistant
D. The operating surgeon

D. The type of insulin that patient takes - ANS-What would be the MOST important information
for a nurse in Preadmission Testing (PAT) to collect on an insulin dependent diabetic patient?

A. How long the patient has been a diabetic

B. If there is someone to drive them home
C. The last time the patient ate or drank
D. The type of insulin that patient takes

D. They can put patients at risk for medication errors - ANS-Which of the following is true about
the use of abbreviations in perioperative documentation?

A. There are only 3 possible words that could present problems in the clinical setting
B. They are easy to interpret when writing orders
C. They are not part of the Joint Commission & AORN safety goals
D. They can put patients at risk for medication errors
D. Tip - ANS-While passing scissors, which of their parts should be visible to the surgeon?

A. Ratchet
B. Joint
C. Shanks
D. Tip

D. use additional precautions as appropriate based on unique patient considerations - ANS-To

follow the AORN guidelines for positioning the patient, the perioperative nurse should:

A. depend on the patient's natural defense mechanisms to indicate the need for positioning
alterations
B. rely on the surgeon's & anesthesia professionals' assessments to guide positioning
C. use a consistent method of procedure-specific positioning for each patient
D. use additional precautions as appropriate based on unique patient considerations

D. using the lowest power setting & the low-voltage cutting waveform - ANS-During laparoscopic
surgery, perioperative RNs can reduce the chances of capacitive-coupling injuries by:

A. using a combination of insulated & noninsulated instruments

B. using coagulation waveform & a high setting
C. using metal & plastic cannulas together
D. using the lowest power setting & the low-voltage cutting waveform

D. Voltage - ANS-Volts are the measurement of the force that pushes electrons through the
circuit. What is the force called?

A. Resistance
B. Impedance
C. Grounding
D. Voltage

D. Where the drain was placed on the patient - ANS-When documenting the placement of a
surgical drain, which of the following components should be included?

A. Date for expiration noted on the packaging

B. Manufacturer's name
C. Serial number
D. Where the drain was placed on the patient

E. A & C only - ANS-Plastic incise drapes:

A. may increase moisture & bacterial growth under the drape

B. are recommended for use only for certain procedures
C. are NOT recommended for use
D. all of the above
E. A & C only

E. Items must be immersible - ANS-Which of the following is true about the use of peracetic acid
on surgical items?

A. Items can be stored for future use

B. Items must be aerated
C. Items can withstand high temperatures
D. Items must be isolated for 7 days
E. Items must be immersible

E. shingles - ANS-Immunizations & testing for healthcare workers should include all of the
following except:

A. hepatitis B
B. immunity to measles, mumps, & rubella
C. tetanus toxoid
D. seasonal influenza
E. shingles

E. Stop the blood loss (hemostasis), D. Clean up pathogens & debris in the wound, A. Seal the
wound against infection, B. Regenerate the natural epidermal covering, C. Repair deeper tissue
damage - ANS-Place the events of the defense process in the correct order

A. Seal the wound against infection

B. Regenerate the natural epidermal covering
C. Repair deeper tissue damage
D. Clean up pathogens & debris in the wound
E. Stop the blood loss (hemostasis)