READING AND WRITING

SKILLS
Q – Skills for success
Reading and Writing 3
1. Honesty, kindness, intelligence, sense of humor
2. Dress nicely/Wear nice clothes/ Smile/ Act friendly
and be helpful/ Be polite/Ask questions/ Show an
interest in other people/ Be confident and relaxed
3. Meet in an office/ for the 1st time/ to do business

Q: How do you make a good first impression?

VOCABULARY 1
Here are some words from Reading 1. Read the sentences. Then match
each bold word with its definition below.
a. (adj.) connected with art, music, or literature
b. (n.) the feeling that you’re sure about your own beliefs or
abilities
c. (v.) to make sbd admire and respect you
d. (n.) a level of quality that you use to compare things
e. (v.) to choose sbd or smt from similar people or things
f. (n.) a person you don’t know
g. (v.) to enjoy or to understand the value of someone or smt
h. (adj.) unpleasant or insulting
i. (v.) to show or explain how to do smt
j. (v.) to continue to have smt; to keep smt at the same level
 (n.) a person you do not know (v.) to show or explain how to do something
(n.) the feeling that you are sure about your own beliefs or abilities

f 1. The child was afraid of the stranger. He feels more

___
comfortable with people he knows.
i 2. Our cooking teacher likes to demonstrate new things
___
before we try them ourselves. Last week, he showed us how to
make potato soup.
b 3. People with confidence usually make better public
___
speakers because they feel very comfortable standing in front
of a lot of people.
d 4. The academic standards at that university are high. It only
___
accepts students with very good grades.
a 5. Paris is a city that has a lot of cultural attractions for
___
tourists to visit, such as museums and theaters.
(n.) a level of quality that you use to compare things
(adj.) connected with art, music, or literature
 e 6. You should select what you wear to a job interview very
___
carefully. What you wear to an interview is very important.
g 7. I really appreciate my sister. She always gives me good
___
advice.
c 8. Andrew wanted to impress the interviewer, so he told her
___
about the important project he worked on.
j 9. To maintain your health, you should eat well and exercise.
___
h 10. When you travel to other countries, you should learn
___
about the culture first so you don’t do or say anything
offensive to people.
(v.) to choose someone or something from similar people or things
(v.) to enjoy or to understand the value of someone or something
(v.) to make someone admire and respect you
(v.) to continue to have something; to keep something at the same level
(adj.) unpleasant or insulting
√
 How to make a strong first
impression?
1. You’ve heard it before: You only have one chance to make a first
impression. According to research, we have about ten seconds with
stranger before they form an opinion of us.
Body Language and Appearance
2. Demonstrate a good attitude with your body, when you first walk into a
room, show confidence. Stand up straight and look other people in the
eye. If you smile frequently, it will make other people more comfortable.
They will think you are friendly.
3. Appearance is important. Several years ago, a professional colleague
offered to meet me for lunch. I wore a sport coat and tie. He showed up
in shorts and sandals. The message I received was: "Bill, meeting you is a
rather ordinary experience. I don’t need to present a businesslike
appearance.” Not surprisingly, that was the last time 1 met with him.
True, standards for appropriate clothing have changed a lot. Maybe the
best advice I can share came from someone I met. She said, "I don't
dress for the job I have now; I dress for the job I want to have.’’
Voice
4. The way you speak also affects the first impression you make. Listeners judge
our intelligence, our level of cultural knowledge, even our leadership ability
by the words we select—and by how we say them. Your listeners hear your
tone of voice before they begin listening to your words. Speak clearly and
loudly enough so that people can hear you. Change the pitch of your voice to
avoid a dull monotone1. Show expression in both your voice and your face.
And try not to speak too quickly.
Conversation Skills
5. The greatest way to make a good first impression is to demonstrate that the
other person, not you, is the center of attention. When you are only
interested in talking about yourself, other people don’t feel that you
appreciate them. Show that you are interested in others. Then new
acquaintances will want to see you again. Recently I went to a conference. At
lunch, my wife and I sat with several people we didn’t know. While most of
the people made good impressions, one man did not. He talked about
himself the entire time. No one else got a chance to speak. Unfortunately, he
probably thought we were interested in his life story. We decided to avoid
him all weekend. I like this definition of a bore; "Somebody who talks about
himself so much that you don’t get to talk about yourself."
 How to make a strong first
impression?
6. You’ll impress other people when you practice good listening skills. Give
interested responses: “Hmmm ... interesting!” "Tell me more, please."
"What did you do next?” Your partner will welcome your help in keeping
the conversation going. You also show you’re a good listener when you
maintain steady eye contact. Think about how you feel when someone
you are talking to looks around the room. You think the person would
rather be talking to someone else. Try to use the name of the person
you’ve just met frequently. "Judy, I like that suggestion.” “Your vacation
must have been exciting, Fred.” You show that you have paid attention
from the start, catching the name during the introduction. Equally
important, you’ll make conversations more personal by including the
listener’s name several times.
7. Finally, avoid making other people uncomfortable. Be careful with jokes.
Something you think is funny may be offensive to others. You don’t want
to hurt someone’s feelings. Also, don’t disagree with someone you have
just met. If you disagree too much in your first conversation, the other
person may think you are just too different. When you know the person
better, you can express another opinion.
F
T
T

F
stand up straight, look other people in the eye, smile frequently

that meeting the person is an ordinary experience

People may judge your intelligence and level of cultural

knowledge by how you speak. They may be bored if you speak in
a monotone.
If you look around, they’ll think you don’t want to talk to them.

Try to use the name of the person you’ve just met.

The other person may think you are too different.

Religion / Politics/ Money

Because people know more about themselves than other

people and they want to share their experiences.
Yes, everyone likes people who show interest in them.
No, it’s more important to be an interesting person.
Other ways to make a good impression could include doing
something nice for the other person or helping the other
person.
 Identifying main ideas and supporting
details
• A paragraph is a group of sentences about tile same topic. The
main idea is usually given in the first sentence. This is called
the topic sentence. The other sentences add details about the
topic. They are called supporting sentences and contain
supporting details, such as examples, explanations, facts,
definitions, and reasons.
• Identifying main ideas and supporting details is an important
skill that will help you become a more effective reader. When
you read, skim for main ideas and scan for details.
• Skim is reading quickly for the gist/ general idea.
• Scan is looking through the text for specific information,
Read the sentences from Reading 1. Write MI for the main idea of
the paragraph. Write SD for the supporting details.
Paragraph 4
a. Speak clearly and loudly enough so that people can hear you. SD
b. The way you speak also affects the first, impression you make. MI
c. And try not to speak too quickly. SD
Paragraph 5
a. He talked about himself the entire time. SD
b. When you are only interested in talking about yourself, other people don’t
feel that you appreciate them. SD
c. The greatest way to make a good first impression is to demonstrate that the
other person, not you, is the center of attention. MI
Paragraph 6
a. You’ll impress other people when you practice good listening skills. MI
b. Give interested responses. SD
c. You also show you re a good listener when you maintain steady eye contact
SD
 Look again at Paragraphs 2,3, and 7 in Reading 1. Underline the
topic sentence that states each paragraph's main idea.

2. Demonstrate a good attitude with your body, when you first walk into a
room, show confidence. Stand up straight and look other people in the eye.
If you smile frequently, it will make other people more comfortable. They will
think you are friendly.
3. Appearance is important. Several years ago, a professional colleague offered
to meet me for lunch. I wore a sport coat and tie. He showed up in shorts and
sandals. The message I received was: "Bill, meeting you is a rather ordinary
experience. I don’t need to present a businesslike appearance.” Not
surprisingly, that was the last time 1 met with him. True, standards for
appropriate clothing have changed a lot. Maybe the best advice I can share
came from someone I met. She said, "I don't dress for the job I have now; I
dress for the job I want to have.’’
7. Finally, avoid making other people uncomfortable. Be careful with jokes.
Something you think is funny may be offensive to others. You don’t want to
hurt someone’s feelings. Also, don’t disagree with someone you have just
met. If you disagree too much in your first conversation, the other person
may think you are just too different. When you know the person better, you
can express another opinion.
 VOCABULARY
HERE ARE SOME WORDS FROM READING 2. READ THEIR DEFINITIONS. THEN COMPLETE
EACH SENTENCE.

a. accomplishment (n.) smt impressive that sbd has achieved c

b. consider (v.) to have smt as your opinion; to think about sbd or smt in a
particular way
c. exaggerate (v.) to make smt seem larger, better, or worse than it really is
d. expect (v.) to think or believe that someone will do smt or smt will
happen
e. professional (adj.) doing smt in a way that shows skill, training, and care
f. punctual (adj.) doing smt or happening at the right time; not late
g. research (n.) a detailed and careful study of smt to find out more about it
h. responsible (adj.) behaving well and in a sensible way
i. slang (n.) informal words and expressions that are more common in
spoken language
j. weakness (n.) a fault or lack of strength, especially in a person's
character
1. When you speak to customers, you should always be
professional
_____________. You should be polite and try to help them
as quickly as you can.
weakness is junk food. He eats fast
2. Stan’s greatest _____________
food for almost every meal!
expect you to
3. You were late for work again today, I_____________
arrive on time tomorrow.
punctual
4. Mehmet is always _____________. He’s never late for
anything.
responsible He always pays his bills on
5. Takeshi is very_____________.
time and never does anything he knows is dangerous.
6. Many teenagers use so much _____________ slang when they
talk to each other that their own parents can’t understand
them.
7. You are not allowed to use your cell phone in some
consider
restaurants now because many people _____________it
rude.
8. My grandfather did a lot of interesting things during his life,
but his greatest accomplishment
_____________ was climbing Mount
Everest.
exaggerate
9. Scott likes to _____________when he tells a story. Yesterday,
he told us he caught a fish that weighed 20 pounds, but it
really only weighed 5 pounds.
research
10. Scientists are doing _____________ to find out about the
possible health benefits of green tea.
√
Learn about the company. Don’t use slang or bad words.
Think of questions and practice. Don’t interrupt.
Be punctual. Don’t exaggerate.
Make eye contact. Don’t lie.
Sit up straight. Don’t forget to breathe.
Be polite.
Find shared interests.
Agree with the interviewer.
Talk about your accomplishments.
Stay positive.
Smile.
Ask questions.
T
F business
15-20 minutes early so you can relax before it begins.
F

T
not OK
F

T
ask specific questions about the job or company
F
1. Dress professionally and neatly → care about the impression
you are making, look professionally if you get the job
Talk about my accomplishment
2. By giving thoughtful answers to the questions and being
enthusiastic about the job → Want to do my best/ be willing
to work hard/ care about the job.
1. Dress professionally. Show interest in others by asking questions.
Make eye contact.
2. Don’t interrupt. Don’t look around the room when someone is talking
to you. Don’t arrive late for appointments.
3. Yes, because it’s always important to be polite and appear confident.
No, because you need to be very formal at a job interview, but
classmates expect you to be informal.
 Using the dictionary
Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
1 accomplishment accomplish accomplished X
2 consideration consider considerable considerably
3 confidence X confident confidently
4 demonstration demonstrate demonstrative X
5 impression impress impressive X
6 offense offend offensive offensively
7 responsibility X responsible responsibly
8 selection select selective selectively
1. My biggest (1) accomplishment in life so far has been my
graduation from high school.
consideration if you
2. Appearance is an important (2)____________________
want to make a good impression. Think carefully about
how you will look to others.
3. When you speak in public, you need to show (3)
confidence . Even if you are nervous, you should
_____________________
look as if you are not.
demonstrate to others that
4. Keeping eye contact will (4) _______________________
you are interested in what they are saying.
5. The person who applied for the job had a(n) (5)
impressive work history. The manager was surprised
__________________
at the high-level positions she had held in her previous
jobs.
6. Don't tell jokes when you meet people for the first time
offend
because you might (6)_____________________ them and make
them angry or upset.
 How to write a paragraph
Parts of a Paragraph
• Topic Sentence
• The topic sentence is normally the first
sentence in a paragraph.
• It introduces the main idea of the paragraph.
• It summarizes the main idea of your
paragraph and indicates to the reader what
your paragraph will be about.
 How to write a paragraph
• Example:
• There are three reasons why Canada is one of the
best countries in the world. First, Canada has an
excellent health care system. All Canadians have access
to medical services at a reasonable price. Second,
Canada has a high standard of education. Students are
taught by well-trained teachers and are encouraged to
continue studying at university. Finally, Canada's cities
are clean and efficiently managed. Canadian cities have
many parks and lots of space for people to live. As a
result, Canada is a desirable place to live.
 How to write a paragraph
• Supporting Details/sentences
• They come after the topic sentence, making
up the body of a paragraph.
• They give details to develop and support the
main idea of the paragraph.
• To write a supporting sentence, you should
give supporting facts, details, examples,
reasons, statistics, quotations…
 How to write a paragraph
• Example:
• There are three reasons why Canada is one of the best
countries in the world. First, Canada has an excellent
health care system. All Canadians have access to
medical services at a reasonable price. Second,
Canada has a high standard of education. Students
are taught by well-trained teachers and are
encouraged to continue studying at university. Finally,
Canada's cities are clean and efficiently managed.
Canadian cities have many parks and lots of space for
people to live. As a result, Canada is a desirable place
to live.
 How to write a paragraph

• Closing Sentence
• The closing sentence is the last sentence in a
paragraph.
• It restates the main idea of your paragraph
using different words.
• Example:
As a result, Canada is a desirable place to live.
 Organizing and Developing a paragraph
• A paragraph should discuss one main idea from beginning
to end and develop the main idea with specific details.
• The topic sentence is usually the first sentence of a
paragraph. It identifies the topic, or subject, of the
paragraph. It also gives the main idea (or controlling idea),
which explains what the writer will say about the topic.
• The supporting sentences are the middle sentences of a
paragraph.
• They support the topic sentence with two or three smaller
ideas, or subtopics. Subtopics are supported with specific
details, such as examples, explanations, facts, definitions,
and reasons.
• The concluding sentence is usually the last sentence of a
paragraph. It summarizes the main points of the paragraph
and restates the topic sentence, but in different words.
When you start a job, you can leave a bad impression on your new co-
workers very quickly without even realizing it. Because the workplace
can be fast-paced and stressful, it can be easy to forget the people
around you. One sure way to annoy your co-workers is to speak loudly
on your phone. Speaking loudly on the phone can make it difficult for
your co-workers to focus on what they are doing or to have phone
conversations of their own. it may also send a message that you think
your work and phone conversations are more important than anyone
else’s. Another common mistake is to take the last cup of coffee and not
make another pot. Leaving an empty coffee pot means that the next
person has to take the time to make a new pot of coffee. Nobody likes
to do this, particularly first thing in the morning! Many people find this
behavior very rude. Leaving your cell phone on is another way you could
unknowingly irritate your co-workers and cause them to form a bad
impression of you. Your ringing cell phone may disturb the quiet your
co-workers need to do their work. The noise may cause them to work
more slowly or make mistakes. Also, many people consider it
disrespectful. Finding your dream job may take a lot of time and effort,
but unfortunately, leaving a bad impression on your co-workers can be
done quickly and easily!
 OUTLINE

1. Topic sentence: Sometimes we say something that

leaves people with a bad impression, but it is possible
to fix the situation.
2. Subtopics and supporting details:
Figure out why others are upset.
A. _____________________________________
1. Think about the conversation.
Did you tell a bad joke?
2. _____________________________________
B. Be prepared.
Make a plan about what to say and not to say.
1. _____________________________________
Don’t make the same mistakes twice.
2. _____________________________________
 OUTLINE
2. Subtopics and supporting details:
Be positive and interested.
C. _____________________________________
1. Don’t bring up the bad past experience.
Ask questions and pay attention.
2. _____________________________________
3. Concluding sentence: ______________________
There is no magic formula to turn a negative
impression into a positive one; however, if you stay
positive and seem interested in changing their
opinion about you, you are more likely to get them
to like you the next time!
 Grammar: Real conditionals
• People want to be around you when you have
good listening skills.
• If you tell a joke, you could offend someone.
• When you dress appropriately, people take
you seriously.
• You are more likely to make a good impression
if you are confident and prepared.
• If you don’t ask questions, people may not
think you’re interested in what they re saying.
 A. Highlight the if or when clause.

1. People want to be around you when you have

good listening skills.
2. If you tell a joke, you could offend someone.
3. When you dress appropriately, people take you
seriously.
4. You are more likely to make a good impression
if you are confident and prepared.
5. If you don’t ask questions, people may not think
you’re interested in what they re saying.
B. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the
verb in parentheses.

1. If they offer me the job, I think I will take it. (take)

2. I will feel better when I exercise regularly. (feel)
3. If a student pays attention in class, the teacher
will have a good first impression of her or him.
(have)
4. If you come unprepared, the interviewer might
think you are not serious. (come)
5. He probably won’t pass if he doesn’t study .
(not, study)
C. Complete each sentence with your own ideas.

1. If I don’t get enough sleep, ______ . I will be tired.

2. If you don’t prepare for the interview, ______ .

you might not get the job.
3. If you don’t pay attention to your friend, ______ .
he will think you don’t care about him.
4. I f you tell a joke, ______ .
you may offend someone.
5. If you arrive 15 minutes late to a job interview,
______ .
the interview will think you’re not responsible.
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