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Light

The document provides an overview of light, describing it as a form of energy that travels in electromagnetic waves and can reflect, refract, and disperse. It details the laws of reflection, the bending of light during refraction, and the dispersion of white light into colors. Additionally, it highlights practical applications of light in lenses and optical fibers.

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Atharav Shandilya
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3 views

Light

The document provides an overview of light, describing it as a form of energy that travels in electromagnetic waves and can reflect, refract, and disperse. It details the laws of reflection, the bending of light during refraction, and the dispersion of white light into colors. Additionally, it highlights practical applications of light in lenses and optical fibers.

Uploaded by

Atharav Shandilya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Light

# Chapter 1: Light

## 1. Introduction to Light
- Light is a form of energy that enables us to see objects.
- It travels in a straight line in the form of electromagnetic waves.
- The speed of light in a vacuum is 3 × 10^8 m/s.
- Light can undergo reflection, refraction, and dispersion.

## 2. Reflection of Light
- Reflection occurs when light bounces off a surface.
- **Laws of Reflection:**
1. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
2. The incident ray, reflected ray, and the normal to the surface lie on the same plane.
- **Types of Reflection:**
- Regular Reflection: Occurs on smooth surfaces like mirrors; produces clear images.
- Diffuse Reflection: Occurs on rough surfaces; causes scattered light with no clear image.

## 3. Refraction of Light
- Refraction is the bending of light when passing from one medium to another due to a change
in speed.
- **Snell's Law:** n1 * sin(theta1) = n2 * sin(theta2).
- Examples: A pencil appearing bent in water, formation of mirages.

## 4. Dispersion of Light
- The splitting of white light into its constituent colors when passed through a prism.
- **Example:** Formation of a rainbow due to refraction and dispersion of sunlight.

## 5. Applications of Light
- Lenses in cameras, microscopes, and telescopes.
- Optical fibers used in medical instruments and telecommunications.

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