T151
T151
II.Phrasal verbs and Prepositions (5 pts) Choose the best option to complete the following sentences
Câu 11: The hotel was terrible, but the wonderful beach ____ our disappointment.
A. came down with B. made up for
C. got through to D. faced up to
Câu 12: She put me ______ for the night because I had missed the last bus and there were no night buses
running.
A. away B. up
C. off D. out
Câu 13: Why exactly did war_______ between the two countries?
A. break out B. set in
C. go off D. call off
Câu 14: We still haven’t __________ a solution to the problem.
A. come up with B. come up against
C. come up to D. come about
Câu 15: I am so tired that I can’t _______ what you are saying.
A. give up B. carry out
C. take in D. insist on
Câu 16: Many motorists were forced to ______ in that town because of floods.
A. set up B. put up
C. stop over D. close down
Câu 17: Last night’s concert did not ______ our expectations.
A. catch up with B. stand in for
C. come up to D. look up to
Câu 18: “Sorry for being late. I was _______ in the traffic for more than an hour.”
A. carried on B. held up
C. put off D. taken after
Câu 19: The figures are not real but have been made ______ as an example.
A. out B. of
C. up D. on
Câu 20: The new manager _____ very strict rules as soon as he had ______ the position
A. laid down/ taken over B. put down/ taken over
C. lay down/ taken up D. wrote down/ come over
III.Vocabulary (10 pts) Choose the best option to complete the following sentences
Câu 21: He soon became ________ after the publication of his first novel.
A. celebrated B. fame
C. popularity D. brightening
Câu 22: Mary is an ________ liar. You must take what she says with a small grain of salt.
A. incorrigible B. incurable
C. irredeemable D. irremediable
Câu 23: Mr. Albert is intelligent but he _______ common sense.
A. fails B. lacks
C. misses D. wants
Câu 24: I went to a restaurant last night. I was the ten thousandth customer, so my dinner was on the ______.
A. holiday B. house
C. free D. decrease
Câu 25: With the economic situation looming large, many families find it difficult to rear their ________.
A. descendant B. lineage
C. offspring D. successor
Câu 26: He has not been offered the job because he cannot meet the ______ of the company.
A. education B. requirements
C. applicants D. information
Câu 27: After so many years, it is great to see him _______ his ambitions.
A. get B. possess
C. carry D. realize
Câu 28: I have great _____ for the young teachers who devote their life to teaching children in remote and
mountainous area.
A. intention B. admiration
C. consideration D. sympathy
Câu 29: Little did I imagine The Amazing Race would entail long-winded journeys and ups and downs _____.
A. aplenty B. inexhaustibly
C. profusely D. superabundant
Câu 30: I can’t possibly lend you any more money, it is quite out of the _____.
A. order B. practice
C. place D. question
Câu 31: We are pleased to inform you that we have decided to ______ your request for British citizenship.
A. give B. grant
C. permit D. donate
Câu 32: ________ are the formal rules of correct or polite behavior among people using the Internet.
A. Traffic rules B. Family rules
C. Codes of etiquettes D. Codes of netiquettes
Câu 33: If you put your money in a bank now, you may get 12% _______ annually.
A. interest B. profit
C. money D. income
Câu 34: To everybody's _______, the doctor declared the boy's life was out of danger.
A. calmness B. soothe
C. peace D. relief
Câu 35: I know it works in theory, but try putting it into __________and you 'll find out it's a failure.
A. operation B. exercise
C. performance D. procedure
Câu 36: Some schools have very__________ rules of behavior which must be obeyed.
A. strict B. strong
C. straight D. solid
Câu 37: There should be no discrimination on __________ of sex, race or religion.
A. fields B. places
C. areas D. grounds
Câu 38: It’s obvious everyone would like to have their __________in such an important meeting.
A. talk B. speak
C. claim D. say
Câu 39: You may not have to stay the night but take a toothbrush just in__________.
A. preparation B. case
C. time D. order
Câu 40: She may still have a few fans in the world, but she is definitely past her ______.
A. fame B. abilities
C. prime D. fortune
IV.Guided Cloze (10 pts) Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space
Passage A:
The warming of the Pacific Ocean has created weather patterns (41) _______strongly affect the world. When
the water is warm, the (42) _______of rainfall in Indonesia and the surrounding regions decreases. Australia
could (43) _______experience a drought in many parts. On (44) _______hand, Chile (which borders the Pacific
Ocean) _______is preparing for (45) _______rainstorms. In Pakistan and northwestern India, the weather
pattern makes the rainy season weaker and makes the area much drier. This happening is called El Nino and is
used (46) _______weather forecasters to make long-range weather predictions. They also know that El Nino
will (47) _______unusually heavy rains to the southwestern part of the United States and make the central part
of the country drier at the same time. According to research, weather forecasters (48) _______know about the
coming weather with certainty. Now everything has become completely different. El Nino itself used to be (49)
_______ It would occur every two to seven years. But now, this weather pattern is becoming more frequent.
We cannot say when and how often tornadoes or cyclones occur. Scientists are unsure of the reason for this (50)
_______on a global scale either.
V. Reading Comprehension (10 pts) Read the text below and choose the best answer to each question
Passage A:
Accidents do not occur at random. People, eighty-five years of age and older, are twenty-two times likely to die
accidentally than children five to nine years old. The risk for native Americans is four times that for Asian-
Americans and twice that for white Americans or African-Americans. Males suffer accidents at more than
twice the rate of females, in part because they are more prone to risky behavior. Alaskans are more than three
times as likely as Rhode Islanders to die in an accident. Texans are twenty-one times more likely than New
Jerseyites to die in a natural disaster. Among the one hundred most populous counties, Kern County, California
(Bakersfield), has an accident fatality rate three times greater than Summit County, Ohio (Akron).
Accidents happen more often to poor people. Those living in poverty receive inferior medical care, are more apt
to reside in houses with faulty heating and electrical systems, drive older cars with fewer safety features, and
are less likely to use safety belts. People in rural areas have more accidents than city or suburban dwellers
because farming is much riskier than working in a factory or office and because emergency medical services
are less readily available. These two factors - low income and rural residence - may explain why the south has a
higher accident rate than the north.
Surgical masks are made in different thicknesses and with different ability to protect you from contact with
liquids. These properties may also affect how easily you can breathe through the face mask and how well the
surgical mask protects you.
If worn properly, a surgical mask is meant to help block large-particle droplets, splashes, sprays, or splatter that
may contain germs (viruses and bacteria), keeping it from reaching your mouth and nose. Surgical masks may
also help reduce exposure of your saliva and respiratory secretions to others.
While a surgical mask may be effective in blocking splashes and large-particle droplets, a face mask, by design,
does not filter or block very small particles in the air that may be transmitted by coughs, sneezes, or certain
medical procedures. Surgical masks also do not provide complete protection from germs and other
contaminants because of the loose fit between the surface of the face mask and your face.
Surgical masks are not intended to be used more than once. If your mask is damaged or soiled, or if breathing
through the mask becomes difficult, you should remove the face mask, discard it safely, and replace it with a
new one. To safely discard your mask, place it in a plastic bag and put it in the trash. Wash your hands after
handling the used mask.
Passage C:
THE INVENTION OF THE MECHANICAL CLOCK
In Europe, before the introduction of the mechanical clock, people told time by sun (using, for example,
shadow sticks or sun dials) and water clocks. Sun clocks worked, of course, only on clear days; water clocks
misbehaved when the temperature fell toward freezing, to say nothing of long-run drift as the result of
sedimentation and clogging. Both these devices worked well in sunny climates; but in northern Europe the sun
may be hidden by clouds for weeks at a time, while temperatures vary not only seasonally but from day to
night.
Medieval Europe gave new importance to reliable time. The Catholic Church had its seven daily prayers, one of
which was at night, requiring an alarm arrangement to waken monks before dawn. And then the new cities and
towns, squeezed by their walls, had to know and order time in order to organize collective activity and ration
space. They set a time to go to sleep, to open the market, to close the market, to leave work, and finally a time
to put out fires and to go to sleep. All this was compatible with older devices so long as there was only one
authoritative timekeeper; but with urban growth and the multiplication of time signals, discrepancy brought
discord and strife. Society needed a more dependable instrument of time measurement and found it in the
mechanical clock.
We do not know who invented this machine, or where. It seems to have appeared in Italy and England (perhaps
simultaneous invention) between 1275 and 1300. Once known, it spread rapidly, driving out water clocks but
not solar dials, which were needed to check the new machines against the timekeeper of last resort. These
early versions were rudimentary, inaccurate, and prone to breakdown.
Ironically, the new machine tended to undermine Catholic Church authority. Although church ritual had
sustained an interest in timekeeping throughout the centuries of urban collapse that followed the fall of Rome,
church time was nature’s time. [A] Day and night were divided into the same number of parts, so that except at
the equinoxes, days and night hours were unequal; and then of course the length of these hours varied with the
seasons. [B] But the mechanical clock kept equal hours, and this implied a new time reckoning. [C] The
Catholic Church resisted, not coming over to the new hours for about a century. [D] From the start, however,
the towns and cities took equal hours as their standard, and the public clocks installed in town halls and market
squares became the very symbol of a new, secular municipal authority. Every town wanted one; conquerors
seized them as especially precious spoils of war; tourists came to see and hear these machines the way they
made pilgrimages to sacred relics.
The clock was the greatest achievement of medieval mechanical ingenuity. Its general accuracy could be
checked against easily observed phenomena, like the rising and setting of the sun. The result was relentless
pressure to improve technique and design. At every stage, clockmakers led the way to accuracy and precision;
they became masters of miniaturization, detectors and correctors of error, searchers for new and better. They
were thus the pioneers of mechanical engineering and served as examples and teachers to other branches of
engineering.
The clock brought order and control, both collective and personal. Its public display and private possession laid
the basis for temporal autonomy: people could now coordinate comings and goings without dictation from
above. The clock provided the punctuation marks for group activity, while enabling individuals to order their
own work (and that of others) so as to enhance productivity. Indeed, the very notion of productivity is a by-
product of the clock: once one can relate performance to uniform time units, work is never the same. One
moves from the task-oriented time consciousness of the peasant (working on job after another, as time and light
permit) and the time-filling busyness of the domestic servant (who always had something to do) to an effort to
maximize product per unit of time.
Câu 71: Why does the author provide the information that "in northern Europe the sun may be hidden by
clouds for weeks at a time, while temperatures vary not only seasonally but from day to night"?
A. To emphasize the variety of environments in which people used sun and water clocks to tell time
B. To illustrate the disadvantage of sun and water clocks
C. To provide an example of an area where water clocks have an advantage over sun clocks
D. To counter the claim that sun and water clocks were used all over Europe
Câu 72: According to paragraph 2, all of the following are examples of the importance of timekeeping to
medieval European society EXCEPT
A. the need of different towns to coordinate timekeeping with each other
B. the setting of specific times for the opening and closing of markets
C. the setting of specific time for the start and finish of the working day
D. the regulation of the performance of daily church rituals
Câu 73: According to paragraph 2, why did the medieval church need an alarm arrangement?
A. The alarm warned the monks of discord or strife in the town.
B. The church was responsible for regulating working hours and market hours.
C. The alarm was needed in case fires were not put out each night.
D. One of the church’s daily rituals occurred during the night.
Câu 74: The author uses the phrase “the timekeeper of last resort” to refer to
A. water clocks B. the sun C. mechanical clocks D. the church
Câu 75: According to paragraph 4, how did the Catholic Church react to the introduction of mechanical clocks?
A. Its used mechanical clocks through the period of urban collapse
B. It used clocks to better understand natural phenomena, like equinoxes
C. It tried to preserve its own method of keeping time, which was different from mechanical-clock time
D. It used mechanical clocks to challenge secular, town authorities
Câu 76: It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that medieval clockmakers
A. were able to continually make improvements in the accuracy of mechanical clocks
B. were sometimes not well respected by other engineers
C. sometimes made claims about the accuracy of mechanical clocks that were not true
D. rarely shared their expertise with other engineers
Câu 77: Paragraph 5 answers which of the following questions about mechanical clocks.
A. How did early mechanical clocks work?
B. Why did the design of mechanical clocks affect engineering in general?
C. How were mechanical clocks made?
D. What influenced the design of the first mechanical clock?
Câu 78: The word “pioneers” in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. leaders B. opponents C. employers D. guardians
Câu 79: According to paragraph 6, how did the mechanical clock affect labor?
A. It encouraged workers to do more time-filling busywork.
B. It enabled workers to be more task oriented.
C. It pushed workers to work more hours every day.
D. It led to a focus on productivity.
Câu 80: Look at the four options [A], [B], [C], and [D] that indicate where the following sentence can be added
to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit?
The division of time no longer reflected the organization of religious ritual.
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
Passage B:
In the past people suffered (91) _______ a disease called scurvy. Their gums bled, their skin became rough,
their wounds (92) _______ heal and their muscles wasted away. The (93) _______ of these symptoms was a
lack of vitamin C; people ate preserved meats and foods and could not get fresh vegetables and fruits.
The best (94) ________ of vitamin C are oranges, lemons, grapefruit, cantaloupes, strawberries, and fresh
vegetables. These fruits must be fresh because vitamin C is destroyed by heat, storage, or exposure (95)
________ air.
Although today more people (96) ________ vitamin C pills than any other supplement, some people still have
scurvy, including some of the elderly, alcoholics, and (97) ________ chronically ill.
Research shows that vitamin C reduces the (98) ________ of colds and can help prevent cancer. There is also
evidence that vitamin C prevents heart disease, (99) ________ wound healing, helps prevent gum disease, and
helps protect us from pollutants such as cigarette smoke. Some recent research also shows that vitamin C has a
positive effect on some mental (100) ______ and increases life span.
II. Word formation (20 pts)
Part 1:
Câu 101: The problem today is the _____________ (responsible) which the scientist has towards society.
Câu 102: The development of science has made many new and ____________ (fright) things possible.
Câu 103: Thousands of people could be destroyed by using only a few ____________ (fate) germs.
Câu 104: This leads to questioning the values of our present ______________(moral).
Câu 105: Perhaps, we should now consider carefully the effects of present research on future ________ (civil).
Câu 106: The scientist is in a difficult position as his personal ______________ (repute) often results from
successful experiments.
Câu 107: He is not responsible for himself only, but for the rest of ______________ (man) also.
Câu 108: My brother is working for a shampoo _______________ (advertise) company in Hanoi.
Câu 109: The manager is seeking for _____________ (depend) employees.
Câu 110: Only a/an _____________ (educate) person could behave like that. It’s awful!
Part 2:
SKIING HOLIDAYS IN COLORADO
To ski or snowboard in Colorado is to experience the pinnacle of
winter sports. The state of Colorado is known for its spectacular 111. BREATH
scenery and (111) ________________ views, which inspire 112. SETTLE
today's travelers as much as they spurred on the (112)
____________ who first arrived in this part of the US over a
century ago. And whether you're seeking the outdoor adventure 113. LIFE
of a (113) _________________ exciting nightlife or a great
family getaway, Colorado has everything you need.
114. CONSIST
November through April, snow conditions are (114) 115. LEGEND
_________________ and reliable, featuring Colorado's (115)
_________________ “champagne powder” snow. Extensive
snow making and grooming operations always keep trails in top
shape.
The mountain destinations in the Colorado Rockies can turn your 116. REAL
wildest ski dreams into thrilling (116) _______________. There, 117. PICTURE
you'll find the best skiing and snowboarding on (117)
_________________ slopes, as well as the finest ski schools in 118. PARALLEL
the US. Together, they present an (118) _________________ 119. CARE
winter paradise. And the best part is that you'll enjoy friendly, 120. COMMIT
(119) _________________ service in resorts that are (120)
_________________ to delivering the highest quality amenities.