A Uniform Beam Selection Algorithm for Beamspace
A Uniform Beam Selection Algorithm for Beamspace
School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731,
China
E-MAIL: [email protected], [email protected]
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users. The spatial signal domain in the MIMO system can the principle of SIC, the received signal at um ,n in the
be transformed to the beamspace signal domain by a set of
beamspace MIMO-NOMA system is shown as formula (5)
bases, expressed as U [u(1 ), u( 2 ), , u( N )]H [3], in
m 1
N 1
1
H H
which n (n ) ( n 1, 2, , N ) denote the ym,n h m, n w n pm,n xm,n h m,n w n pi ,n xi ,n
N 2 i 1
spatial directions. Thus, K users' received signal vector |S j |
(5)
w
H
y [ y1 , y2 , , yK ]T in the beamspace MIMO-NOMA h m, n w n j pi , j xi , j nm,n
system can be expressed as formula (3) j n i 1
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3.1. Classifying Users
Redundant u1,5 u1,6 u1,7 u1,8
We start from determining which beams should be user
order of magnitude and select the index with the maximal u7,5
carries the main power for User k . Merge the same indexes Fig.1 Uniform beam selection algorithm (a) Stage 1:
in the beam set {bk* }kK1 , then we can get the reduced Classifying Users; (b) Stage 2: Beam Selection
beamspace channel vector set denoted as As w [ w1 , w2 , , wg ] ( g K ) and these users’
* K
M ( M {bk }k 1 , N RF M ), which can be utilized by the beamspace channel matrix of size ( N RF | w |) can be
reduced beamspace matrix.
expressed as Hw (hw1 , hw2 , , hwg ) . The beams in which
According to the description above, it is possible for
the number of the users is less than D are denoted as
different users to select the same beam ( bi* b*j , i j ).
(n1 , n2 , , n f ) ( f K ) and their equivalent beamspace
Let's consider the case where k1 users are served by Beam
channel matrix of size ( N RF | |) can be expressed
B1 and k 2 users are served by Beam B2 ( k1 k2 ).
as H1, (h1,n1 , h1,n2 , , h1,n f ) . By the way of calculating
According to the SIC principle in NOMA, the users in
Beam B1 will spend more time and energy in decoding the cross-correlation function between the channel vectors
messages than the users in Beam B2 . from H w and the channel vectors from H1, , the
To balance the decoding time and computation of the cross-correlation function matrix, its size | | | w | , can be
users in different beams, the maximum number of the users denoted as formula (10)
in each beam should be restricted to D K / | M | . H H H H
C H1, Hw [H1, h w1 , H1, h w2 , , H1, h wg ] (10)
Therefore, we divide the K users into two sets. One set
belongs to the restriction and the other set doesn’t belongs The index of the maximum value in each column of
to the restriction. They are called as “fixed users”, denoted C denotes the sub-optimal beam for the selected user. And
by s and “redundant users”, denoted by w , if one beam is selected by two users simultaneously, the
user with the greater value will be served. And algorithm
respectively. Specifically, for the Beam n , the D users
can be shown as Fig.1.
H
which have the most value of hm,n w n are distributed to
4. SIMULATION RESULTS
the s set and the others are distributed to the w set if
| Sn | D ; and if | Sn | D , all the users in the Beam n In this section, numerical results are provided to
are distributed to the s set. illustrate the performance of the Uniform beam selection
algorithm proposed. We compare the proposed algorithm
with the “Fully digital beam selection” algorithm, the
3.2. Beam Selection “Sparsity beam selection” algorithm [3], the “IA beam
selection” algorithm [5], and the “MIMO-OMA beam
In this stage, the N RF beams are selected by the selection” algorithm [6]. The parameters of the
users according to their channels’ sparsity and correlation. communication system are set up as: N 256 , K 32 ,
The original beams are selected by the users in the s set, L 3 , k(1) ~ CN (0,1) , k(l ) ~ CN (0,101 ) ( l 2,3 ), and
and the other sub-optimal beams are selected by the users in
the w set according to the channel cross-correlation
k(l ) U (1/ 2,1/ 2) ( l 1, 2,3 ).
Fig.2 (a) depicts Spectrum efficiency against SNR,
matrix. Specifically, the users in w set can be expressed
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250
Fully digital
20
Fully digital 5. Conclusions
IA beam IA beam
200 Sparsity beam Sparsity beam
MIMO-OMA 15 MIMO-OMA In this paper, we have proposed a new Uniform beam
Uniform beam Uniform beam
selection algorithm for the mmWave massive
Spectral efficiency
Energy efficiency
150
MIMO-NOMA communication system. Specifically, we
10
exploit the channel sparity and cross-correlation of the
100
users and find the suitable channels for them. The
5 numerical results have illustrated that not only the spectrum
50
and energy efficiency but also the computation of the users
0
can be improved with the proposed algorithm.
0
0 10 20 0 10 20
SNR (dB) SNR (dB)
(a) (b) Acknowledgements
Fig.2 (a) Spectrum efficiency versus SNR; (b) Energy
efficiency versus SNR This paper is supported by the National Nature
Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61601091
180
Sparsity beam and No.61801093.
160 Uniform beam
Number of SIC calculations
140
References
120
100
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