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Chapter 6: Behavioral Modeling
Multiple Choices
Ans: a
Ans: b
Ans: c
a. 4. The modeling focus of the interaction diagram is at the _____ level while the
modeling focus on the class diagram is at the _____ level.
b. a. class, object
c. b. interaction, class
d. c. class, interaction
e. d. object, class
f. e. high, low
Ans: d
a. 5. A(n) _____ is an instantiation of a class.
b. a. attribute
c. b. behavior
d. c. operation
e. d. message
f. e. object
Ans: e
Ans: a
a. 7. _____ are information that is sent to objects to tell it to execute one of its
behaviors.
b. a. attributes
c. b. operations
d. c. messages
e. d. instances
f. e. use-cases
Ans: c
a. 8. Analysts use _____ to show the objects that participate in a use case and the
messages that pass between the objects over time for one particular use case.
b. a. structural models
c. b. sequence diagrams
d. c. collaboration diagram
e. d. class diagrams
f. e. behavioral state machines
Ans: b
a. 9. When arranging actors and objects on a sequence diagram, it is nice to list them
_____.
b. a. in alphabetical order down the side of the diagram
c. b. in alphabetical order across the top of the diagram
d. c. in order in which they participate in the sequence down the side of the
diagram
e. d. in order in which they participate in the sequence across the top of the
diagram
f. e. actors and objects are not both shown on a sequence diagram
Ans: d
a. 10. Which of the following objects would be most likely to be destroyed at some
point in time in a sequence diagram?
b. a. customer
c. b. order
d. c. order item
e. d. invoice
f. e. shopping cart
Ans: e
a. 11. A systems analyst draws a lifeline with an X at the end. This lifeline represents
_____.
b. a. a message that cannot be delivered
c. b. an object that is destroyed at a point in time
d. c. a message that is delivered at that point in time
e. d. an object that is complete at that point in time
f. e. an object that arrives at its final destination
Ans: b
Ans: e
a. 13. On a sequence diagram, an object name of Students:List would indicate that
_____.
b. a. Students is an instance of the List class that contains individual student
objects
c. b. List is an instance of the Students class
d. c. List is a method of the Students class
e. d. the Students and Lists objects are combined for that step in the sequence
diagram
f. e. a message is being passed from the Students class to the List class
Ans: a
a. 14. The order of messages on a sequence diagram goes from ____ to _____.
b. a. right to left
c. b. bottom to top
d. c. left to right
e. d. top to bottom
f. e. left to right, top to bottom
Ans: d
a. 15. When an object sends a message to itself in a sequence diagram, that is referred to
as _____.
b. a. recursive-messaging
c. b. self-messaging
d. c. self-delegation
e. d. recursive-delegation
f. e. none of these
Ans: c
a. 17. In a communication diagram, a(n) _____ between actors and objects is shown
with an undirected line.
b. a. procedure calls
c. b. data flow
d. c. association
e. d. message
f. e. relationship
Ans: c
Ans: a
a. 19. A behavioral state machine is a dynamic model that shows the different state
through which a single _____ passes through its life in response to events, along with its
responses and actions
b. a. object
c. b. actor
d. c. use case
e. d. sequence diagram
f. e. communication diagram
Ans: a
a. 20. A set of rules are used for performing the verification and validation walkthrough
of behavioral model. One of the rules is: if there is a message on the sequence diagram,
there must be _________________on the communications diagram, and vice versa.
b. a. a communication
c. b. a message
d. c. a behavior
e. d. a dependence
f. e. an association
Ans: e
a. 21. A set of rules are used for performing the verification and validation walkthrough
of behavioral model. One of the rules is: all entries in a CRUDE matrix imply
_____________ being sent from an actor or object to another actor or object
b. a. a message
c. b. a transition
d. c. an association
e. d. a guard condition
f. e. a behavior
Ans: a
a. 22. A set of rules are used for performing the verification and validation walkthrough
of behavioral model. One of the rules is: all _______________ contained in a behavior
state machine must be associated with a message being sent on a sequence and
communication diagram, and it must be classified as a (C)reate, (U)pdate, or (D)elete
message in a CRUDE matrix.
b. a. messages
c. b. behaviors
d. c. transitions
e. d. associations
f. e. dependences
Ans: c
True/False
Ans: False
a. 2. As behavioral models are developed, it is likely that the use cases and structural
models will have to be modified.
Ans: True
Ans: True
Ans: False
Ans: True
Ans: True
Ans: False
a. 8. It is possible for an object to create another object, resulting in the message going
directly to the object, not its lifeline.
Ans: True
a. 9. If you are interested in the time ordering of the messages in a system, you should
use a communication diagram.
Ans: False,
a. 10. Both the communication diagram and the sequence diagram can show return
messages.
Ans: False
a. 11. A message with the information [aStudent exists] will be sent only when this
condition is true.
Ans: True
a. 12. The first step in drawing a communication diagram is to identify which objects
and associations between the objects participate in the communication.
Ans: False
Ans: True
a. 14. When creating a CRUD matrix, you should use the letter U to represent
Underline.
Ans: False
a. 15. CRUD matrices are created by creating a matrix that lists the classes across the
top and down the side.
Ans: True
a. 16. The behavioral state diagram shows the different states that an object passes
through in response to events, together with its responses and actions.
Ans: True
a. 17. The initial state in a behavioral state diagram represents the point at which the
object begins to exist.
Ans: True
Ans: True
Ans: False
a. 25. If a class represents only temporary objects, then there should be a D in the
column of the CRUD matrix.
Ans: True
a. 26. CRUD matrices are useful in the step “Set the Context” of building a
collaboration diagram?
Ans: False
a. 27. In a behavioral state diagram, an event changes a value(s) that describes an object
which in turn changes the object’s state.
Ans: True
Ans: False
Ans: False
Ans: True
a. 32. Events are the triggers that cause an object to move from one state to another.
Ans: True
Ans: True
Ans: True
a. 35. A final state in a behavioral state diagram is shown using a small filled circle.
Ans: False
a. 36. Identification of the initial, final and states of the object is the final steps of
building a behavioral state diagram.
Ans: False
Ans: True
Ans: False
a. 40. Return messages in a sequence diagram are often shown using dashed lines with
arrows labeled with the return value.
Ans: True
a. 41. For sequence, communication and behavioral state diagrams, a frame indicates the
context of the diagram
Ans: True
a. 42. One of the guidelines for creating sequence diagram is: Place the initiator of the
scenario on the right of diagram.
Ans: false
Ans: false
Ans: True
a. 45. Using detail and descriptive names for states when creating behavioral state
machine.
Ans: false
a. 46. Every actor and object included on a sequence diagram must be included as an
actor and an object on a communication diagram, and vice versa.
Ans: True
a. 48. Some entries in a CRUDE matrix does not imply a message being sent from an
actor or object to another actor or object.
Ans: False
a. 49. System analysts use behavioral models to depict the internal structural or static
view of an information system.
Ans: False
a. 50. System analysts use structural models to depict the internal structural or static
view of an information system.
Ans: True
Short Answer
Ans: Sequence diagrams are one of the types of interaction diagrams (the other being
communication diagrams). These diagrams show the objects that participate in a use case and
also the time-based ordering of the messages that pass between those objects over time for a
single use case. A sequence diagram is a dynamic model that shows explicit sequence of
messages between objects in a defined interaction. A sequence diagram can be a generic
diagrams which shows all possible scenarios for a given use case or an instance sequence
diagram which depicts a single scenario within the use case. Different components of a sequence
diagram include actors, objects, lifelines, messages, execution occurrences, and frames.
Ans: Communication diagrams are also a type of interaction diagrams. These diagrams are
essentially object diagrams that show message passing relationships instead of associations.
These diagrams help you see the pattern of activity that occurs over a set of collaborating classes.
Unlike sequence diagrams, they are unable to indicate time-ordering of messages. Primary
components of a communication diagram include actors, objects, and messages.
Ans: Behavioral state diagrams show the various states that a single object passes through during
its life in response to events; it also shows the responses and actions of the object to those events.
The focus of this diagram is a single object and how it changes over time, while the sequence
and collaboration diagrams look at the interaction among objects. Behavioral state diagrams
distinguish between an initial state and a final state. They include states and transitions from
one state to another. Another component of behavioral state diagrams is conditional state
transitions.
a. 4. What is a sequence diagram used for? Why would an analyst choose a sequence
diagram over a communication diagram?
Ans: A sequence diagram is an interaction diagram (as is the communication diagram) that looks
at the time-based order of the messages among the objects in the use case. Sequence diagrams
are constructed by placing the objects across the top of the diagram, and drawing the messages
from lifeline to lifeline, from top to bottom to reflect the time-based order of the messages.
Communication diagrams are essentially object diagrams that show message passing
relationships instead of associations. These diagrams help you see the pattern of activity that
occurs over a set of collaborating classes. Unlike sequence diagrams, they are unable to indicate
time-ordering of messages. An analyst would choose to draw a sequence diagram if this
time-based order is important to the analysis of the use case under study.
a. 5. When drawing a sequence diagram, the analyst uses lifelines and a symbol to
represent the execution occurrence. It is also possible for an object to be destroyed at
some point in time. Explain these three concepts – what is a lifeline, what does the
execution occurrence mean, and how it is possible that an object can be destroyed in a
use case. Show the diagramming symbols used to represent each of these concepts.
Ans: A lifeline extends vertically down from the object, representing literally its life in the
system. Most objects have an unlimited life in the use case, so there is nothing that denotes an
end to its life (obviously it ends at the end of the diagram). The lifeline is drawn as a dashed
vertical line.
An execution occurrence symbol is placed on the lifeline to represent when that particular object
is sending or receiving messages. Thus, it shows when, in the life of the object, it is the focus of
the use case. The focus of control is drawn as a long, narrow rectangle that is placed on top of the
vertical lifeline.
An object may be destroyed in a use case if it is a temporary object. For example, a web-based
shopping cart will disappear once checkout occurs. If there is a temporary object, the lifeline is
shortened, and an X is placed at the bottom of the lifeline to represent the end of the life.
Response: See page 241
a. 6. List the steps that an analyst should go through to build a sequence diagram.
Ans:
• Set the context – is it a system, a use case, a scenario of a use case, or an
operation of a class
• Identify which objects will participate
• Set the lifeline for each object
• Lay out the messages from the top to the bottom of the diagram based on the
order in which they are sent
• Add the execution occurrence to each object’s lifeline
• Validate the sequence diagram
a. 7. How does a communication diagram differ from a sequence diagram? Why would
an analyst choose to draw a communication diagram?
Ans: A communication diagram emphasizes the flow of messages through a set of objects, while
the sequence diagram focuses on the time ordering of the messages that are being passed. If the
focus of the analyst is on understanding how a set of collaborating objects interact with one
another, then a communication diagram is more appropriate. If the time sequence of the message
were of interest to the analyst, then he or she would create a sequence diagram.
Ans:
• Set the context, which may be a system, a use case, a scenario of a use case, or an
operation of a class
• Identify which objects (actors) and the associations between the objects that
participate in the collaboration
• Lay out the communication diagram
• Add the messages
• Validate the communication diagram
a. 9. What does the acronym CRUD stand for? Why would an analyst create a CRUD
matrix during his analysis?
Ans: CRUD stands for Create, Read or Reference, Update, and Delete. These are the four
possible interactions between classes in a system. An analyst would create a CRUD matrix to
help identify potential collaborations while building a communication diagram. (Step 2 of
building a communication diagram). CRUD matrix clearly identifies how objects create,
reference, modify and delete other objects.
Response: See pages 256
a. 10. When looking at a CRUD matrix, why would it be important to see “D” in a
column for a temporary object, or to not see “D” or “U” in a column for objects in a data
warehouse?
Ans: D represents delete, and U represents update. A temporary object is supposed to disappear
at some point in the life of the system; if there were no D in the CRUD matrix, then the analyst
failed to accurately model that particular object.
A data warehouse is supposed to maintain historical information, so one would not expect to see
the data deleted (D), and in most cases, it should not be updated either (U), since the data
warehouse should be reflecting the historical values, not updated ones. Hence, objects that
represent a data warehouse should not have U or D underneath them in the CRUD matrix.
Response: See pages 256
a. 11. Think of an employee object. What are several of the possible states that that
object may have over time? Which of these states would be the initial state? Which
would be the final state?
Ans:
• New Employee (initial state)
• Former Employee (final state)
• Current Employee
• Probationary Employee
a. 12. List and describe the steps an analyst would follow in building a behavioral state
diagram.
Ans:
• Set the context, which typically would be a class but may also be a set of classes,
a subsystem, or an entire system
• Identify the initial, final, and stable states of the object
• Determine the order in which the object will pass through the stable states
• Identify the events, actions, and guard conditions associated with the transitions
• Validate the behavioral state diagram
Ans: A transition is a relationship that represents the movement of an object from one state to
another. Some state transitions are conditional. Such conditional transitions are associated with a
guard condition. A guard condition is a Boolean expression that includes attribute values, and it
allows a state transition to occur only if the condition is true. An object moves from one state to
another based on the outcome of an action that is triggered by an event.
Response: See page 250
Ans: An event is something that takes place at a certain point in time and changes value(s) that
describe an object. This in turn causes a change in the state of the object. Examples of events
include a condition becoming true, a receipt of a call fro a method by an object, and the passage
of a designated period of time. An action is an atomic, non-decomposable process that cannot
be interrupted. Actions are often modeled as if they are completed in zero time, and they are
associated with a transition. An activity is a non-atomic, decomposable process that can be
interrupted. Activities take a long period of time to complete, they can be started or stopped by
actions, and they are associated with states.
a. 15. Explain the syntax for drawing behavioral state diagrams.
Ans: A state in a behavioral state diagram is shown as a rectangle with rounded corners. Inside
the rectangle, the name of the state is indicated. An initial state, which indicates the point at
which the object begins to exist, is shown using a small filled-in circle. A final state, which
indicates the completion of an activity, is shown as a circle around a small solid filled circle
(bull’s eye). An event, which typically triggers a state transition, is used to label a transition.
A transition is shown as a solid arrow from one state to another, labeled by the event name. A
frame indicates the context of the behavioral state machine.
16. Explain the rules for performing the verifying and validating walkthrough behavioral models.
Ans: Following the following rules to perform a walkthrough of the behavior model:
1, every actor and object included on a sequence diagram must be included as an actor and an
object on a communication diagram, and vice versa.
2, if there is a message on the sequence diagram, there must be an association on the
communications diagram, and vice versa.
3, every message that is included on a sequence diagram must appear as a message on an
association in the corresponding communication diagram, and vice versa.
4, if a guard condition appears on a message in the sequence diagram, there must be an
equivalent guard condition on the corresponding communication diagram, and vice versa.
5, the sequence number included as part of a message label in a communications diagram implies
the sequential order in which the message will be sent. As such, it must correspond to the
top-down ordering of the messages being sent on the sequence diagram.
6, all transitions contained in a behavior state machine must be associated with a message being
sent on a sequence and communication diagram, and it must be classified as a (C)reate, (U)pdate,
or (D)elete message in a CRUDE matrix.
7, all entries in a CRUDE matrix imply a message being sent from an actor or object to another
actor or object. If the entry is a (C)reate, (U)pdate, or (D)elete, then there must be an associated
transition in a behavioral state machine that represents the instances of the receiving class.
8, there are many representation specific rules that have been proposed.
Ans: A guard condition is a Boolean expression that includes attribute values, which allows a
transition to occur only if the condition is true.
The Boolean expression is placed in brackets and located along the relevant transition.
18. What kinds of events can lead to state transitions on a behavioral state machine?
Ans: In the parlance of behavioral state machines, every event leads to a state transition. This
is because events are defined as anything that changes a value which in turn describes the
state of the behavioral state machine. In other words, transitions occur only as the result of an
event. Specific types of events are as follows.
a. a) Data value change: a change in one of the data values that collectively describe
the state of the object. For example, a patient transitions from “new” to “existing” after
the first visit.
b. b) Boolean condition: a Boolean test that is applied at a certain point. For instance,
after a patient transitions to “existing” we may ask the question “is the patient insured?”
which would lead to state changes based on billing policies.
c. c) Time lapse: after a certain amount of time in a given state, the object may
spontaneously change to a different state. For instance, a patient that is in state “inactive”
(perhaps because he/she has no future appointments), may be removed from the system
after 5 years.
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seduta nella sua poltrona. Luisa non c'è più. Dove sarà? La
chiamano, la cercano, interrogano mia madre che non sa, non vede,
non sente nulla; corrono da tutti i vicini... Luisa non si trova. È
scomparsa! Quando sono arrivato io, lo sposo se ne era già andato...
Molti se ne erano andati... Allora anch'io mi sono messo a cercarla, e
l'ho cercata tutto il giorno, ma non l'ho trovata...
Esposito si raddrizzò, alzò gli occhi al cielo, si torse le mani
disperatamente. — Dove sarà? gridò furioso. Dove sarà? E si
precipitò giù per le scale di corsa, prima che io avessi il tempo di
pronunciare una parola.
Lo seguii con lo sguardo, affacciandomi alla tromba delle scale,
finchè non lo vidi scomparire. Poi guardai perplesso in me stesso.
Infinita ridicolaggine della vita! Quello era Esposito. Era quel
medesimo, identico Esposito che avevo creduto morto, e ripescato
dal fiume, e coricato sul freddo tavolo di marmo della morgue
accanto ad Armida. Forse neppure Armida era mai esistita, e
quell'epistolario era tutto falso, tutta un'invenzione di Esposito. Forse
erano lettere che scriveva lui a sè stesso! Dove non ci conducono le
disillusioni? Io non dovevo credere più a nulla, nemmeno all'evidenza
dei miei poveri occhi di idiota! Maledissi Esposito e me stesso, e,
saliti gli ultimi gradini, entrai nel mio sgabuzzino e mi rinchiusi a
doppio giro di chiave.
Finalmente c'ero: nulla mi avrebbe più smosso di là. Finalmente ero
solo, isolato, difeso da quei muri e da quella porta. Anche quella
stupida giornata era passata per sempre. Non avevo altro da fare
che riprendere la mia vita dal punto in cui l'avevo lasciata la mattina,
quando il ricordo della promessa fatta ad Esposito m'aveva
stupidamente strappato al mio dolce nulla verso il quale già stavo
scivolando dolcemente beato. Il letto era là, ancora sfatto, come
quando la mattina m'ero alzato rovesciandone le coperte. Pareva che
m'aspettasse. Bastava infilarsi di nuovo là sotto, e richiudere le coltri,
come se nulla fosse avvenuto. Mi spogliai lento, ripensando alle
stranezze del caso. Esposito... La sorella di Esposito, Luisa, e sua
madre, che abitavano sotto lo stesso mio tetto, allo stesso piano di
casa, forse proprio in quella stanza attigua alla mia... Ed io non ne
sapevo nulla, io che stavo tutto il giorno con lui: nè che Esposito
avesse una madre e una sorella, nè che il caso mi avesse condotto
ad abitare proprio accanto a loro! Forse quella voce che durante la
notte avevo udito lamentarsi e piangere era la voce di Luisa... E la
voce di quell'uomo, ah! sì, ora la riconoscevo, quella voce aspra,
minacciosa, era la sua voce, la voce di Esposito! Ora vedevo tutto
chiaro. Luisa si rifiutava di sposare quel signore che le avevano
scelto per marito... Ed Esposito la minacciava. Volevano disfarsi di
lei, costringendola a quel matrimonio che le ripugnava... Forse la
volevano vendere. Per ciò era fuggita... Era fuggita... Dove? Dove
era fuggita? Dove poteva fuggire una povera ragazza sola, in quella
città così grande? Forse il fiume in piena, nel quale nè Esposito nè
Armida avevano mai pensato di gettarsi, portava ora il fragile corpo
di Luisa verso un nascondiglio dove nessuno l'avrebbe più ritrovato.
Luisa... E Armida? Che cosa era avvenuto di lei?
Ah! Eppure è bello non soffrire più per nessuna ragione, per
nessuno. Stendersi in un letto, riposare le ossa indolenzite, pensare
al sonno che verrà, al tepore che a poco a poco ti avvolgerà tutto
come in una nuvola, e considerare tutte le cose come se fossero
infinitamente lontane, e indifferenti, ed estranee. Dire: che importa a
me? Se piove, se tuona, se crollano le montagne intere, se bruciano
centinaia di case, se gli uomini si scannano sotto le mie finestre, che
importa a me di tutte queste catastrofi? Sono qui coricato, dove
nessuno mi vede, dove nessuno mi sente, tutto rattrappito sotto le
mie coperte che a poco a poco si scaldano e fra poco mi
scalderanno, e sappiate voi tutti, e voi, tutte le cose, sappiate che mi
sono separato per sempre da voi, siete tutti morti, tutte morte per
me, o tutte vive, poichè infine m'è uguale che siate vive o morte; la
vostra prosperità o la vostra disgrazia, il vostro bene o il vostro male,
mi sono uguali, ed io non vi voglio in verità nè male nè bene. Io solo
esisto. Padrone di non esistere più quando me ne sia stancato. E
basta.
Così mi stringevo intorno al corpo infreddolito le coperte ancora
fredde, e non avevo alcun pensiero dell'avvenire. La fine sarebbe
venuta da sè. Non avrei avuto che da aspettarla. Mi faceva piacere di
essere così coricato, solo e senza preoccupazioni o doveri, con quel
freddo di coperte intorno alla carne che mi dava più vivo il senso
d'essere disteso in un letto, solo, senza una necessità al mondo di
vivere altrimenti che così, coricato, immobile, abbandonato al mio
peso... E a poco a poco le palpebre mi si chiusero sul fioco e
instabile lume della candela, e mi trovai trasportato in quella soffice
nube che dolcemente si cullava al soffio di un vento di paradiso.
Allora, quando chiusi gli occhi, ebbi la prima sensazione del silenzio,
sentii il silenzio che mi circondava, e fu appunto il soffio di un respiro
umano, un rumore appena percettibile, che me lo fece sentire. Era,
quel respiro, come un filo di luce, un'incrinatura di luce, in una
tenebra profonda, smisurata, immobile. Sembrava che qualcuno
fosse coricato al mio fianco, con il capo appoggiato accanto al mio
sul guanciale, e che con le labbra semichiuse respirasse lento e
uguale nel mio orecchio. Certamente era ancora quella maledetta
parete che turbava la mia solitudine e m'imponeva la presenza di
altra gente, introducendola nella mia stanza dove mi credevo bene
isolato, ben chiuso.
Cacciai la testa sotto le coltri, già nuovamente distolto dalla mia
felicità, dal mio abbandono: già costretto di nuovo a pensare, a
ragionare, ad agire. Come era dunque possibile? Una parete che non
teneva lontano nemmeno il respiro degli altri? Di che cosa era fatta
quella maledetta parete? Di carta? Di un velo? Mi alzai a sedere,
rovesciai le coperte, mi guardai intorno smarrito. Ma abbassando gli
occhi vidi d'un tratto qualche cosa di nero luccicare per terra, che
sbucava di sotto il letto, e non aveva alcuna forma precisa. Allungai
una mano e toccai una cosa dura che mi sembrò la punta d'uno
scarpino. Mi buttai col capo in giù, e vidi che sotto il mio letto, tutta
raggomitolata, c'era una donna.
Allora mi rivestii, sospirando, e m'inginocchiai, e le parlai
dolcemente, le dissi:
— Che cosa volete fare? Passare tutta la vostra vita sotto il mio
letto? Andiamo: via! Siate ragionevole... Esposito non tornerà subito.
Non avete un amico nel mondo, al quale chiedere aiuto e ospitalità
per questa notte? Se volete, vi accompagno... Vi conduco io... Se
incontriamo Esposito, io vi nascondo, io vi difenderò... Ormai il
peggio è passato, Luisa... Vedete? Conosco anche il vostro nome. Ma
intanto non piangete, Luisa... E fatevi almeno vedere...
Stesi una mano sotto il letto e trovai una sua mano. La strinsi e
cercai di trarla a me con forza. Ella resistette un poco, poi si lasciò
trascinare. Sbucò prima il braccio, poi la spalla, poi la testa con i
capelli tutti arruffati che le coprivano il viso, poi tutto il resto. E
rimase così accasciata accanto a me, con la faccia nascosta fra le
mani.
— Dunque, soggiunsi, ditemi: che cosa debbo fare per voi, ora,
Luisa?...
Luisa rimase qualche minuto immobile. Soltanto quando le toccai
bruscamente una spalla per indurla a parlare, incominciò a sciogliere
adagio adagio il nodo delle mani che s'era stretto sul viso. Sollevò il
capo, agitandolo in un segno di sconsolato diniego, come per dire:
— Che so, che so, io? — e allora vidi improvvisamente con infinito
stupore dinnanzi a me il volto stralunato di Armida. Mi alzai di scatto.
Non c'era dubbio! Quella era Armida. Quantunque la sua faccia fosse
gonfia di pianto, inselvatichita da quell'arruffamento di capelli, la sua
somiglianza con la fotografia che avevo tante volte contemplato quel
giorno era indubitabile.
— E voi? gridai non appena mi riebbi dallo stupore, che fate voi qui,
disgraziata? Sotto il mio letto? Che cosa c'entro io con i vostri
drammi d'amore? Signora, signora Armida, esclamai esasperato,
uscite subito di qui! Tutto il giorno, non mi avete dato altro che
brividi ed ansie!... Basta! Basta! Se volete vendicarvi di un amante
spergiuro, fatelo fuori di casa mia! A me poco importa di Esposito e
dell'epilogo che finirete per dare alla vostra goffa tragedia...
Così dicendo girai la chiave nella toppa e spalancai la porta. Ma
Armida non si mosse e ruppe in un pianto ancora più disperato. In
quel punto s'udirono dei passi frettolosi nel corridoio e sulla soglia
della mia stanza apparve Esposito.
— Bene! gridai, affrontandolo con le braccia levate al cielo. Poichè
sei venuto, ecco qui quel che ci vuole per te!... Prenditela, e
andate... Andate lontano, tu e la tua Armida! E scegliete la morte
che più vi conviene, purchè vi decidiate una buona volta a morire!
Ma Esposito mi allontanò con un urto della mano e, afferrata la
donna per le spalle, la squassò come se avesse voluto stroncarla.
— Maledetta! gridò. Ti ho trovata finalmente! Qui, qui, eri! Ora
penso io a tutti e due!
Si raddrizzò e mi venne incontro minaccioso.
— Che dici tu di Armida? domandò con voce cupa. Che cosa ti
importa di Armida? Di Luisa, di lei dobbiamo parlare! Tu l'hai
nascosta qui... Tu lo sapevi... Ecco perchè hai tardato tanto stamani!
Tu l'hai nascosta, e hai rovinato me, e tutti noi, per sempre. Per tua
colpa le nozze non si sono fatte e non si faranno mai più... Infine,
l'hai disonorata... Poichè Luisa è una fanciulla, e tu sei un uomo, e
questa è la tua casa... Sai tu che cos'è l'onore di una fanciulla? Di
una fidanzata? Ebbene: ora che l'hai disonorata, ora la sposi, tu!
Egli fece per afferrarmi le mani. Io lo respinsi violento. Mi sembrò
d'essere divenuto cieco d'un tratto. Mi mossi, e mi piantai fra lui e
Luisa, fra Luisa e la porta.
— Ebbene, sì, gli risposi con ira senza rendermi conto di ciò che
dicevo. Non fu mai la fidanzata di nessuno, tua sorella, Luisa, se non
mia... Mia fidanzata! Io l'ho nascosta, io l'ho salvata da te, dai tuoi
intrighi infami... Domani, se ricapitasse, la nasconderei, la salverei
ancora. Perchè, infine, sappilo, Luisa, tua sorella, io l'amo... Noi, noi
ci amiamo! E da quest'istante è mia sposa!
Poi, curvatomi su Luisa, la presi per le mani e la sollevai. Ed ella si
lasciò sollevare, e si lasciò stringere fra le mie braccia, si lasciò
baciare sulle gote, sulla fronte, sulla bocca, inerte, abbandonata,
muta, tremando in tutto il suo povero corpo, che io soverchiavo col
mio. Mi rivolsi quindi nuovamente contro Esposito, che mi guardava
stupito.
— Vattene! gli gridai. E non tenere l'immagine di tua sorella fra le
lettere delle tue sgualdrine!
Lo sospinsi di viva forza fuori dell'uscio, chiusi con fracasso l'imposta
e sfinito, smarrito, mi lasciai cadere sul letto.
V.