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Chap4 Probability_250205_181824

The document outlines a statistics course with various probability problems related to real-world scenarios, including customer preferences at a hamburger chain, the likelihood of individuals wearing glasses, and the effectiveness of a sales promotion at a car dealership. It includes calculations for independent events, conditional probabilities, and the probabilities of defective items from different machines. Each problem requires the application of probability concepts to derive solutions.

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Shahd AbdelAziz
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6 views2 pages

Chap4 Probability_250205_181824

The document outlines a statistics course with various probability problems related to real-world scenarios, including customer preferences at a hamburger chain, the likelihood of individuals wearing glasses, and the effectiveness of a sales promotion at a car dealership. It includes calculations for independent events, conditional probabilities, and the probabilities of defective items from different machines. Each problem requires the application of probability concepts to derive solutions.

Uploaded by

Shahd AbdelAziz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course: MT104a Statistics 1 Instructor: Dr.

Fouad Megahed
Probability

1- A hamburger chain found that 75% of all customers use Mustard, 80% use Ketchup and
65% use both. What is the probability that a customer will use at least one of these?

2- In a group of 20 adults, 4 out of the 7 women and 2 out of 13 men wear glasses. What is
the probability that a person chosen at random from the group is a woman or someone
who wears glasses?

3- Events A and B are such that if A and B are


independent events, find .
4- In the hamburger example. What are the probabilities that a Ketchup user uses Mustard
and a Mustard user uses Ketchup?

5- Two tetrahedral dice, with faces labeled are thrown and the number on which
each land is noted. The score is the sum of these two numbers. Find the probability that
(a) the score is even, given that at least one die lands on 3,
(b) at least one die lands on 3, given that the score is even.

6- We are given three boxes as follows: Box I has 10 light bulbs of which 4 are defectives,
Box II has 6 light bulbs of which 1 is defective. Box III has 8 light bulbs of which 3 are
defective. We select a box at random and then draw a bulb at random. What is the
probability P that the bulb is defective?

7- A coin, weighted so that is tossed. If heads appears, then a


number is selected at random from the numbers 1 through 9, if tails appears, then a
number is selected at random from the numbers 1 through 5. Find the probability P that
an even number is selected.

8- Three machines A, B, and C produce respectively 50%, 30% and 20% of the total number
of items of a factory. The percentages of defective output of these machines are 3%, 4%
and 5% . If an item is selected at random, find the probability that the item is defective,

9- Now, suppose an item is selected at random and is found to be defective. Find the
probability that the item was produced by machine A.

10- The probability that it will be sunny tomorrow is , if it is sunny the probability that
Susan plays tennis is 4/5. If it not sunny, the probability that Susan plays tennis is .
Find the probability that Susan plays tennis tomorrow.

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11- Three girls Aileen, Barbara and Cathy, pack biscuits in a factory. From the batch allotted
to them, Aileen packs 55%, Barbara 30% and Cathy 15%. The probability that Aileen
breaks some biscuits in a packet is 0.7 and the respective probabilities for Barbara and
Cathy are 0.2 and 0.1 respectively. What is the probability that a packet with broken
biscuits found by the checker was packed by Aileen?

12- Three children, Catherine, Michael and David, have equal plots in a circular patch of
garden. The boundaries are marked out by pebbles. Catherine has 80 red and 20 white
flowers in her patch, Michael has 30 red and 40 white flowers and David has 10 red and
60 white flowers. Their young sister Mary wants to pick a flower for her teacher:
(a) Find the probability that she picks a red flower if she chooses a flower at random from
the garden, ignoring the boundaries.
(b) Find the probability that she picks a red flower if she first chooses a plate at random.
(c) If she picks a red flower by the method described in (b). Find the probability that it
came from Michael’s plot.

13- A car dealership knows from past experience that 10% of the people who come into the
showroom and talk to a salesperson will eventually purchase a car. To increase the
chance of success, you propose to offer a free dinner with a salesperson for all people
who agree to listen to a complete sales presentation. You know that some people will do
anything for a free dinner even if they do not intend to purchase a car. However, some
people would rather not spend a dinner with a car salesperson. Thus you wish to test the
effectiveness of this sales promotion incentive. The project is conducted for 6 months,
and 40% of the people who purchased cars had a free dinner. In addition 10% of the
people who did not purchase cars had a free dinner. The specific questions to be
answered are these.
(a) Do people who accept the dinner have a higher probability of purchasing a new car?
(b) What is the probability that a person who does not accept a free dinner will purchase a
car ?

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