San Vicente National High School

Brgy. San Vicente, Panabo City Davao Del Norte

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

LESSON PLAN IN GRADE 11 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

QUARTER 3
February 19, 2025

Learning Competency:
Converts a normal random variable to a standard normal variable and vice versa.
(M11/12SP-IIIc-4)
Computes probabilities and percentiles using the standard normal table.
(M11/12SP-IIIc-d-1)
21ST Century Skill: Collaboration, Communication, and Critical Thinking

I. OBECTIVES
Upon completion of this lesson, the students are expected to:
1. Converts a normal random variable to a standard normal variable and
vice versa; and
2. Computes probabilities and percentiles using the standard normal
table.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

 Topic: Converting Normal Random Variables to Z-Scores & Computing
Probabilities and Percentiles
 Materials: ICT media (laptop brought by the teacher and television), board,
marker and standard normal table.
 Reference: Department of Education Mathematics (Statistics and
Probability textbooks and modules)

III. PROCEDURE
a) Preliminary Activities
i. Classroom Management
ii. Prayer
iii. Checking of Attendance
b) Preparatory Activities

TEACHER ACTIVITY STUDENTS ACTIVITY

A. Review (Communication) –
"Normal Curve Quest!"

Objective:
Students answer questions correctly to move
along a Normal Curve Board and reach the
Standard Normal Champion title!

Game Mechanics:

1. Divide the class into groups. Students will participate in the given
2. Three type of question they will going to review activity.
answer:
3. 1-3: Multiple-choice question
4. 4-5: Fill-in-the-blank
5. 6: Word problem
6. The teacher will count 1-3 and then all
team should raise their answers up.
 7. If the team answers correctly, they move
forward along the normal curve board
(drawn on the board).
8. If incorrect, they stay in place but can
answer another question on their next
turn.
9. The first team to reach the rightmost
region of the normal curve (the Standard
Normal Champion Zone) wins! 🏆
(get an award)

Review Questions:

Multiple Choice

1. The total area under a normal curve is:

a) 0
b) 0.5
c) 1
d) 10
✅ Answer: c) 1
2. What percentage of data falls within two
standard deviations of the mean?
a) 68%
b) 95%
c) 99.7%
d) 50%
✅ Answer: b) 95%
3. In a normal distribution, if a data point has
a z-score of -2.5, what does this mean in
terms of its position relative to the mean?

a) It is 2.5 standard deviations above

the mean.
b) It is 2.5 standard deviations below
the mean.
c) It is exactly at the mean.
d) It is outside the normal distribution.

✅ Correct Answer:

b) It is 2.5 standard deviations below

the mean.

Fill in the Blank

4. The normal curve is __________,

meaning it is symmetrical around the
__________.
✅ Answer: Symmetric, Mean

5. The percentage of halves of the curve is

______.
✅ Answer: 50%

Word Problem

6. A student scored 82 on a test where the

mean score was 75 with a standard
deviation of 5. What is the student's Z-
score?
 ✅ Answer: 1.4

Solution:

More Questions:

1. In a normal distribution, approximately

________% of data falls within 2
standard deviations (±2σ) of the mean.
✅ Answer: 95
2. What does a Z-score of 0 represent?
a) The value is below the mean.
b) The value is at the mean.
c) The value is above the mean.
d) The value is an outlier.
✅ Answer: b) The value is at the mean.
3. Which of the following statements
about a normal distribution is TRUE?
a) The total area under the normal curve
is 0.
b) The normal curve is skewed to the
right.
c) The mean, median, and mode are all
equal.
d) The normal distribution applies only to
test scores.
✅ Answer: c) The mean, median, and
mode are all equal.
4. In a normal distribution, what
percentage of data falls within 1
standard deviation (±1σ) from the
mean?
a) 50%
b) 68%
c) 95%
d) 99.7%
✅ Answer: b) 68%

B. Lesson Proper
Activity (Collaboration) – “IT’S MY LUCKY
DAY”

MECHANICS:

1. All students are added to a virtual wheel.

Each student’s name is placed in the Students will participate in the given
spinning wheel. task.
2. The game begins with the wheel of names
spinning, and a name is randomly chosen.
3. The student whose name is picked is then
presented with a question to answer.
Based on the figures, answer the following
questions.

1. What is the mean?

Figure A: _______ Figure B: _______

2. What is the standard deviation?

Figure A: _______ Figure B: _______

3. What’s the similarities and differences of

the 2 figures?

Analysis (Creativity)

1. What did you notice about the figures?

2. Why is the mean of Figure A differing from
Figure B? Students will answer the question
3. How does this relate to our topic today based on their experience and ideas
about standard normal variable? on the activity given to them.

Abstraction (Critical Thinking)

Standard Normal Distribution

- is a normal distribution denoted by Z with

a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1.
- Also called as z-score or standard score
- A value below the mean is a negative z-
score while a value above the mean is a
positive z-score.
- A standard score does not have unit.

Finding the Area Using the Standard Normal

Table (Z-Table)

- As shown above is the formula used to

manually compute the approximate area.
However, this formula is seldom used
because a table was created to
 summarize the approximate areas under
the standard normal curve and to further
simplify the process.
- This table of values was developed to
make calculations easier.
- The outermost column and row
represent the z-values. The first two digits
of the z-value are found in the leftmost
column and the last digit (hundredth
place) is found on the first row.

Example 1:

Suppose the z-score is equal to 1.85, locate the

first two digits 1.8 in the leftmost column and the
last digit, .05, can be located at the first row.
Then find their intersection which gives the
corresponding area.

Therefore, given z = 1.85, the area is equal to

0.9678.

Example 2:

1. Find the area that corresponds to z = 2.67

Therefore, given z = 2.67, the area is equal to

0.9962.

Converting the Normal Random Variable to

Standard Normal Random Variable, we follow
this formula:

X−μ
Z=
σ

Step 1: Write the formula.

Step 2: Substitute the given values.

Step 3: Perform the operations.

Step 4: Write the corresponding z-score.

Where:

X = normal random variable

𝜇 = mean

𝜎 = standard deviation

For example:

1. Given the µ = 60 and ơ = 5, find the z-

value that corresponds to a score x = 70.

Given:

X = 70

µ = 60

ơ=5

Formula & Solution:

Step 1: Write the formula.

Step 2: Substitute the given values.

Step 3: Perform the operations.

Step 4: Write the corresponding z-score.

X−μ
Z=
σ

70−60
z 70=
5

10
z 70=
5

z 70=2

Convert Standard Normal Random Variable

to Normal Random Variable, we follow this
formula:

𝑋 = 𝑍𝜎 + 𝜇

Where:

Z = standard normal random variable

𝜇 = mean
𝜎 = standard deviation

For example:

- we will use the values resulted on the

previous example.

Given:

Z=2

µ = 60

ơ=5

Formula & Solution:

𝑋 = 𝑍𝜎 + 𝜇

𝑋 = 2(5) + 60

𝑋 = 10 + 60

𝑋 = 70

Region under the Normal Curve

corresponding to different Standard Normal
Values

Now that you already know how to use the z-

table to find the corresponding area for the z-
score, let us identify the regions under the
normal curve that corresponds to different
standard normal values. In order to find the
regions, a probability notation is used.

region under

the
normal curve
corresponding
to different
standard
normal values
PROBABILITY NOTATION:

1. P (a < Z < b)
- indicates that the z-value is between a
and b

2. P (Z > a)
- means z-value is above a

3. P (Z < a)
- means z-value is below a

To illustrate, let us consider these examples:

1. Find the proportion of the area between z

= -1.25 and 2.19, this can be expressed
as P (-1.25 < Z < 2.19), read as the
probability that Z is greater than -1.25
but less than 2.19.

Solution:

STEP 1: Draw a normal curve and locate the z -

scores and shade.

STEP 2: Locate the corresponding area of the z

- scores in the z-table.

z = -1.25 has a corresponding area of 0.1056

z = 2.19 has a corresponding area of 0.9857

STEP 3:

- If you are looking for the area between

two z - scores, simply subtract the
 corresponding areas to arrive at the
answer. Therefore,
0.9857 - 0.1056 = 0.8801
P (-1.25 < Z < 2.19) = 0.8801 or 88.01%

2. Compute the probability using the

standard normal curve.
a. P (Z < 1.67) = ______________

Solution:

STEP 1:

Draw a normal curve and locate the z - score

and shade.

STEP 2:

Locate the corresponding area of the z - score in

the z-table.

z = 1.67 has a corresponding area of 0.9525

STEP 3:

If you are looking for a less than area, the area in

the table is the answer, therefore,

P (Z < 1.67) = 0.9525 or 95.25%.

b. P (Z > -0.65) = ______________

Solution:

STEP 1: Draw a normal curve and locate the z -

score and shade.

STEP 2:

Locate the corresponding area of the z - score in

the z-table.

z = -0.65 has a corresponding area of 0.2578

STEP 3:

If you are looking for a greater than area, the

area in the table is subtracted from 1, therefore,

1.0000 – 0.2578 = 0.7422

P (Z > -0.65) = 0.7422 or 74.22%

Board work:

The height (in meters) of grade 11 students in

section A follows a normal distribution with the
mean 1.6 and a standard deviation of 0.3. Find
the probability that students chosen at random
has a height greater than 1.75.

Solution:

STEP 1: Convert the normal value in z -

score.

Given:

x = 1.75

µ = 1.6

σ = .3

Solution:

Therefore, the P (X > 1.75) = P (Z > 0.5)

STEP 2:

Draw a normal curve and locate the z - score

and shade.
STEP 3:

Locate the corresponding area of the z - score in

the z-table.

z = 0.5 has a corresponding area of 0.6915

STEP 4:

If you are looking for a greater than area, the

area in the table is subtracted from 1, therefore,

1.0000 – 0.6915 = 0.3085

P (Z > 0.5) = 0.3085 or 30.85%

The Percentile

- is a measure used in statistics indicating

the value below which a given percentage
of observations in a group of observations
fall.
 Imagine you took a standardized test and
you scored 91 at the 89th percentile. This
means that 89% of the examiners scored
lower than 91 and 11% scored higher
than 91. This explains that 89th percentile
is located where 89% of the total
population lies below and 11% lies above
that point.
 To illustrate the 89th percentile of the
normal curve here are the steps:

1. Express the given percentage as

probability, remember 89% is the same as
0.8900.
2. Using the z-table (Cumulative Distribution
Function (CDF) of the Standard Normal
Curve), locate the area of 0.8900.
3. There is no area corresponding exactly to
0.8900. It is between of 0.8888 with a
corresponding z - score of 1.22 and
0.8907 with a corresponding z - score of
1.23. The nearest value to 0.8900 is
0.8888 and therefore, the distribution lies
below z = 1.22.
4. Construct a normal curve and shade the
region to the left of 1.22.
Application (Critical Thinking/Problem Solving)

Directions: Read the instructions given and

write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

A. Complete the table by converting the

given values into z-scores. Then find the
corresponding area using the z-table.

Given Z- Approximat
score e area

1. x = 28 µ = 16 σ =
5

2. x = 68 µ = 75 σ =
5

3. x = 1.72 µ = 1.6 σ
= 0.2

4. x = 24 µ = 38 σ =
8

5. x = 50 µ = 45 σ =
6

B. Compute the following probabilities using the

standard normal curve. Construct a curve then
shade the region corresponding to the area.

1. P (Z > -1.53)

2. P (Z < 2.89)

3. P (-1.65 < Z < 2.15)

Assessment (Critical Thinking/Problem Solving)

Teacher will ask the class to recite the steps on Student will participate on the given
how to find the probability using the standard task by the teacher.
normal curve and the steps on how to find the z-
score.

Assignment (Critical Thinking)

Practice in converting normal random variable to

standard normal random variable or vice versa
and study more about percentile.

Prepared by:

ARA MAE B. PELIN

Student Teacher