LEARNING

ENGLISH
“A Journey of Language Mastery”

Presentation by Jesús Yañez

 Noun
Preposition

LIST OF Phrasal Verbs

Adjective

CONTENTS Gerund
Infinitive
 WHAT IS A NOUN?
A noun is a word that identifies a person, place, thing, idea, or quality. It is
one of the main parts of speech in a sentence and often acts as the
subject or object.

Common and Countable and Abstract and

Proper Nouns Uncountable Nouns Collective Nouns
-General names for people, places, or -Nouns that can be counted (e.g., "car," -Ideas, concepts, or qualities that cannot
"pen"). be sensed physically (e.g., "love,"
things (e.g., "dog," "city," "book").
"freedom").

-Specific names of people, places, or -Nouns that cannot be counted (e.g., -Words that represent a group (e.g.,
things (e.g., "John," "Paris," "The Bible"). "water," "happiness"). "team," "family")
NOUNS FUNCTION
1. Subject of a Sentence 4. Predicate Noun (Complement)

The noun performs the action or is the main focus of the A noun that renames or defines the subject and
sentence. follows a linking verb (e.g., is, are, was).

Example: The dog barked loudly. Example: She is a doctor.

5. Appositive
2. Object of a Verb
A noun that renames or explains another noun
-Direct Object: Receives the action of the verb. beside it.

Example: She read a book. Example: My brother, a chef, loves cooking.

-Indirect Object: Receives the direct object. 6. Possessive Noun

Example: He gave his friend a gift. A noun that shows ownership or possession.

Example: That is Sarah’s car.

3. Object of a Preposition
7. Object Complement
The noun follows a preposition and completes a
prepositional phrase. A noun that renames or describes the object.

Example: The keys are on the table.

WHAT IS A
PREPOSITION?
A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun
(or pronoun) and other parts of a sentence. It often indicates
relationships of time, place, direction, cause, manner, or means.

Place/Location: at, on, in, under, between, near, over

Example: The book is on the table

Time: before, after, during, until, since

Example: We met after the meeting.

Direction/Movement: to, into, onto, through, toward

Example: She walked into the room.

Cause/Reason: because of, due to

Example: He stayed home because of the rain.

Manner/Means: by, with, like

Example: He wrote the letter with a pen.Time: before, after, during, until, since

Example: We met after the meeting.

 Functions Prepositions

Prepositions link words to make relationships clear. They often answer

questions like:

Where? (The keys are under the couch.)

When? (We will leave after dinner.)

How? (She traveled by car.)

Prepositions cannot stand alone and always need an object to complete

their meaning.
What is a
Phrasal Verbs? 1.Verb + Preposition
(e.g., "look into")
Phrasal verbs are multi-word verbs that consist of a main Example: I will look
verb combined with one or more particles (usually a into the matter.
preposition or adverb) to create a meaning different from (investigate)
the original verb. These are commonly used in English and
can sometimes be idiomatic, meaning their meaning is not
always literal.

3. Verb + Adverb +
2. Verb + Adverb Preposition (e.g.,
(e.g., "give up") "put up with")
Example: He Example: I can't put
gave up smoking. up with this noise
(quit) anymore. (tolerate)
 TYPES OF PHRASAL
VERBS:
Transitive Phrasal Verbs Intransitive Phrasal Verbs

Require an object Do not require an object

Example: She turned off the lights.

Example: The plane took off.
(The object is "the lights.")
(No object needed.)
 WHAT IS AN ADJECTIVE?
An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a
noun or pronoun, providing more information about its
quantity, quality, size, shape, color, origin, or other
characteristics.

Functions of Adjectives: Position of Adjectives:

1. Describe a Noun: 1. Before the noun:
Example: She has a beautiful smile.
2. Identify or Specify: Example: A happy child.
Example: I need this book.Compare: 2. After a linking verb (as a
3. Compare:
Example: He is taller than his
predicate adjective):
brother. Example: The child is happy.
 TYPES OF ADJECTIVES:
1. Descriptive Adjectives: Describe qualities or states (e.g., size, color, shape).
Example: The red car is fast.

2. Quantitative Adjectives: Indicate quantity or amount.

Example: I have three apples.

3. Demonstrative Adjectives: Point out specific things (this, that, these, those).
Example: Those houses are new.

4. Possessive Adjectives: Show ownership or possession (my, your, his, her, its, our, their).
Example: My dog is friendly.

5. Interrogative Adjectives: Used in questions (which, what, whose).

Example: Which movie do you prefer?

6. Distributive Adjectives: Refer to individual items in a group (each, every, either, neither).
Example: Every student must participate.

7. Comparative Adjectives: Compare two things (add "-er" or use "more").

Example: This chair is more comfortable than that one.

8. Superlative Adjectives: Compare three or more things (add "-est" or use "most").
Example: She is the tallest girl in the class.
WHAT IS A
GERUND?
A gerund is a verb form that ends in -ing and
functions as a noun in a sentence. Even though it
looks like a verb, it acts as a noun and can perform
various functions, such as being the subject,
object, or complement in a sentence.
FUNCTIONS OF GERUNDS:
1. As the Subject of a Sentence

Example: Running is my favorite activity. 4. As a Subject Complement

Example: My passion is writing.

2. As the Object of a Verb

Example: She loves dancing.

5. As the Object of a Possessive Adjective

3. As the Object of a Preposition

Example: I appreciate your helping me.

Example: He is good at cooking.

What is an infinitive?
An infinitive is the base form of a verb, often preceded
by the word "to" (e.g., to eat, to run, to dance). It can
function as a noun, adjective, or adverb in a sentence.

Examples of Infinitives:
•To learn is important. (Infinitive as a noun)
•She has a book to read. (Infinitive as an adjective)
•He came to help. (Infinitive as an adverb)
1. Descriptive Adjectives: Describe qualities or 3. Demonstrative Adjectives: Point out specific
states (e.g., size, color, shape). things (this, that, these, those).

Example: The red car is fast. Example: Those houses are new.

2. Quantitative Adjectives: Indicate quantity or 4. Possessive Adjectives: Show ownership or

amount. possession (my, your, his, her, its, our, their).

Example: I have three apples. Example: My dog is friendly.

TYPES OF INFINITIVE:
5. Interrogative Adjectives: Used in 7. Comparative Adjectives: Compare two
questions (which, what, whose).
things (add "-er" or use "more").
Example: Which movie do you prefer?
Example: This chair is more comfortable than
that one.
6. Distributive Adjectives: Refer to
individual items in a group (each, every,
either, neither).
8. Superlative Adjectives: Compare three or
more things (add "-est" or use "most").
Example: Every student must participate.
Example: She is the tallest girl in the class.
 DO YOU HAVE
ANY QUESTIONS?
THANK
YOU!