FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE DECISION MAKING OF GRADE 10 STUDENTS OF

BURGOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL IN CHOOSING THEIR SENIOR HIGH

SCHOOL TRACK.

A Research Proposal Presented to

Grade 10 Curriculum
of Burgos National High School
Burgos, Isabela

In Partial Fulfilment
Of the Requirements for
English 10

Prepared by:
Cacal, Alyssa V.

June 2023
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I want to express my sincere gratitude to the following individuals and institutions for

their invaluable contributions to this research:

My subject teacher, Aisa G. Castro, for their guidance, expertise, and unwavering support

throughout the research process.

The participants volunteered their time and provided the data necessary for this research.

Their willingness to participate and share their insights was crucial to the success of this study.

Classmates, friends, and family members who offered valuable feedback, encouragement,

and support during this research.

Lastly, I acknowledge the countless researchers, scholars, and authors whose work served

as a foundation for this study. Their dedication to advancing knowledge in this field has been

instrumental in shaping this research project.

Researcher
Cacal, Alyssa V.
 DEDICATION

I want to dedicate this research to my parents, Leah and Reynaldo, whose unwavering

support and encouragement have been instrumental in this academic journey. They have always

believed in me and provided me with the resources and opportunities necessary to pursue my

passion for research. I am grateful for their patience during the long hours spent in my room,

their understanding when I had to prioritize my studies, and their constant motivation to push me

beyond my limits. Their belief in my abilities has been a constant source of inspiration, and I am

truly fortunate to have such supportive parents. I also dedicate this research to my subject

teacher, Aisa G. Castro, whose guidance, and expertise have shaped me into the researcher I am

today. Her commitment to excellence, attention to detail, and willingness to challenge me

intellectually have been invaluable. Furthermore, I extend my dedication to my research friends,

who have supported me throughout this research. Their collaboration, brainstorming sessions,

and shared passion for knowledge have enriched my research experience and made it truly

rewarding. Lastly, I would like to dedicate this research to all those who have contributed to the

field in which I conducted my study. Their groundbreaking work and dedication to advancing

knowledge have paved the way for my research and have inspired me to make meaningful

contributions to the scientific community. This research is dedicated to all the individuals who

have played a role, big or small, in shaping my academic and research endeavors. Your belief in

me, your support, and your unwavering dedication have driven my pursuit of knowledge. I am

deeply grateful for your presence in my life, and I hope this research can serve as a testament to

your impact on my journey.

 ABSTRACT

This research study investigates the factors influencing the decision-making process of

Grade 10 students from Burgos National High School in selecting their Senior High School

(SHS) track. Transitioning from junior high to senior high school is a critical period for students

as they face choosing a specialized track that aligns with their career aspirations and interests.

Understanding the factors that shape their decision-making process can provide valuable insights

for educational institutions and policymakers in designing practical guidance and support

systems for students. This study employed a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and

interviews, to gather data from a sample of Grade10 students at Burgos National High School.

The findings shed light on various factors influencing their decision, such as individual interests,

future career goals, parental influence, peer influence, school resources, and societal

expectations. This research aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on student

decision-making processes and provide practical implications for educators and policymakers to

enhance career guidance and support services in senior high schools.

 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Rationale and Background of the Study

Transitioning from junior high to senior high school is a critical period in a student's

academic journey. In the Philippines, the K-12 education system introduced the Senior High

School (SHS) program to provide students with specialized tracks aligned with their career goals

and interests. The decision to select an SHS track is significant as it sets the direction for their

future studies and potential career paths.

Understanding the factors influencing the decision-making process of Grade 10 students

in choosing their SHS track is essential for educational institutions, policymakers, and educators.

It enables them to develop effective strategies to support students in making informed decisions,

ensuring a smooth transition, and enhancing the overall quality of education.

The study focuses on Grade 10 students at BNHS, a public high school in the Philippines,

and their decision-making process when selecting their Senior High School (SHS) track. BNHS

has a diverse student population and offers a variety of SHS tracks. Examining how these

students make their decisions can provide valuable insights into the factors influencing their

choices.

Various factors can impact students' decision-making when choosing their SHS track. These

factors include personal interests, career aspirations, parental expectations, peer influence,

academic performance, self-perceived abilities, and access to information about different tracks.
Each factor plays a significant role in shaping students' decisions and may differ in importance

and influence among individuals.

By studying the factors that affect the decision-making process, the research aims to achieve the

following objectives:

1. Identify the primary factors influencing Grade 10 students in choosing their SHS track at

BNHS.

2. Understand the relative importance and influence of each factor on the decision-making

process.

3. Determine if there are significant differences in decision-making factors based on gender,

socioeconomic background, or academic performance.

4. Provide insights to educational institutions, policymakers, and educators to develop

interventions and support mechanisms that cater to the needs and preferences of Grade 10

students when choosing their SHS track.

The findings of this study will contribute to the existing knowledge of student decision-

making processes within the Philippine education system. Additionally, the results can assist

educational stakeholders in tailoring their guidance and counseling programs to better support

students in making well-informed decisions about their SHS tracks, ultimately leading to

improved educational outcomes and future career success.

Theoretical Framework

The Choice Theory according to William Glasser as cited in Charles (2008) states that

fundamental premises of the school which explains that all people are allowed to develop their

own creativeness. That all people are curious about nature, that the most efficient and
knowledgeable in learning is started and pursued by the learner. It also claimed in this theory that

freedom is essential to the development of their personal responsibility. According to this theory,

development of their knowledge, creativeness and talents will gives progress in their reason to

choose and it will give hint to what they want career in the future. The choice theory is important

in this study since this study is explaining how people develop their talents, creativity and in

learning which gives their hint to the career tracks they want to pursue. It will help them to know

their tracks and they should take it seriously when choosing their specialized tracks. In their

learning's through their developing talents and skills, they will have an idea on which way to go.

Overall, the Choice Theory provides a framework for understanding how G10 students

can make informed decisions about their SHS track based on their freedom, individual

responsibility, talent development, and autonomy in learning. By considering these principles,

educators, and policymakers can support students in choosing their specialized tracks and help

them develop the necessary skills and knowledge for their future careers.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the decision-making process of Grade 10

students at BNHS in choosing their Senior High School (SHS) track.

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

A. Age
B. Gender
C. Economic Status
2. What are the primary factors that influence the decision-making process of Grade 10 students

at BNHS in choosing their SHS track?

3. Is there a significant relationship between the respondent’s profile to their choice of Senior

High School tracks?

4.What challenges or concerns they encountered while making their SHS track decision?

Assumption of the Study/Hypothesis:

The researchers hypothesized that: Ho1: There are significant differences between the

factors that affect college decision-making in percent of the participants. Ho2: There are

significant relationships between the factors that affect college decision-making in the percentage

of the participants. Ho3: Among all the factors that affect students’ decision in choosing their

college course, parents and financial stability have the most impact on them.

Significance of the Study:

In various ways, every study has its importance and implication. Earlier, the importance

of critical thinking, which results in a good decision when choosing college courses, was laid

out. Pursuing this study will serve and give the readers several purposes. The researchers believe

that this study will benefit the following:

Administrators. This study would serve as a reading that will enable them to work with the

teachers in helping a student choose the career path they are about to take. It will also help them

conduct workshops and seminars aligning with decision-making.

Teachers. The information gathered discloses the possibility that the teachers would be able to

give appropriate recommendations regarding the student’s abilities. They also become one of the
critical factors in the realization of a student’s goals and vision. They may help them understand

the significance of knowing how to motivate students to pick a goal cause for a better future.

Guidance Counselors. As part of guidance counselors’ expertise regarding career orientation,

this study would help them assess the students prolifically. With this study, they will have

broader reviews and ideas on handling or counseling students who need guidance about what

course fits their interests and God-given talents and abilities.

Students. Particularly graduating high school students. The object of learning and direct

benefactors of the advantages of the study. They would be more aware of their interests and

confident about what they want to become soon.

Parents. The research aims to help parents understand their child’s endeavor. They would also

be innovative to work and support the teachers in assisting their children. Moreover, they will be

informed of their significant role in fostering decision-making toward the students’ future and

setting goals.

Researcher. They will benefit the results of this study to choose their preferred track.

Future Researcher. They can use this study as reference in helping them in their own research

study.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

This research will deal with:
Scope:
1. Participants: The study focuses on G10 students from a specific school, BNHS

(assuming it stands for a specific school).

 2. Factors: The research investigates factors that influence the decision-making process

of G10 students when selecting their Senior High School (SHS) track.

3. Decision-making: The study concentrates on the decision-making process and factors

that impact students' choices for their SHS track.

4. Data collection: The study gathers data through surveys, interviews, or other

appropriate research methods to understand the decision-making process.

Delimitations:
1. Geographical location: The research is limited to G10 students from BNHS, which

implies that the findings may need to be more generalizable to students from other

schools or locations.

2. Grade level: The study focuses on G10 students, excluding students from other grade

levels.

3. SHS tracks: The research explores the decision-making process for selecting SHS

tracks but does not delve into the specific courses or subjects within each track.

4. Timeframe: The study is conducted within a specific time frame, and the findings

may not reflect changes or developments after the data collection period.

5. Quantitative vs. qualitative: The research does not specify whether it employs a

quantitative or qualitative approach, which may impact the findings' depth of analysis

and generalizability.

Definitions of Terms
Transitioning: Refers to the process of moving or progressing from one stage or level to another.

In this context, it specifically pertains to the period when students move from junior high school

to senior high school.

 Junior High School: Refers to the educational level typically attended by students between

elementary school and senior high school. It is also known as middle school or lower secondary

school.

Senior High School (SHS): Refers to the final two years of high school education in the

Philippines. It was introduced as part of the K-12 education system to provide specialized tracks

aligned with students' career goals and interests.

SHS Track: Refers to the specific course or program of study chosen by students during their

senior high school years. The SHS program offers various tracks that focus on different areas

such as science, technology, engineering, mathematics (STEM), humanities and social sciences

(HUMSS), accountancy, business, and management (ABM), and technical-vocational-livelihood

(TVL), among others.

Decision-making process: Refers to the cognitive process of selecting a course of action or

making a choice from available alternatives. In this research, it specifically relates to the process

by which Grade 10 students make decisions regarding their SHS track selection.

Grade 10 students: Refers to students in the 10th grade or Year 10, typically between the ages

of 15 and 16. In the Philippines, this corresponds to the final year of junior high school before

transitioning to senior high school.

Factors influencing decision-making: Refers to the various aspects that can affect or shape the

decision-making process of Grade 10 students when choosing their SHS track. These factors

include personal interests, career aspirations, parental expectations, peer influence, academic

performance, self-perceived abilities, and access to information about different tracks.

Socioeconomic background: Refers to the social and economic circumstances of an individual

or family, including factors such as income, education, occupation, and social class. In this

research, it is considered as a potential variable that may influence decision-making factors.

Academic performance: Refers to the level of achievement or success in academic pursuits,

such as grades, test scores, and overall performance in school. It is considered as a factor that

may influence decision-making regarding SHS track selection.

Educational institutions: Refers to organizations or establishments involved in providing

education, such as schools, colleges, universities, and other learning environments.

Policymakers: Refers to individuals or groups responsible for making and implementing

policies, rules, and regulations related to education. In this context, it specifically pertains to

those involved in shaping the policies related to the SHS program and track selection.

Educators: Refers to teachers, instructors, and educational professionals who are directly

involved in teaching and guiding students.

Guidance and counseling programs: Refer to structured programs and services provided by

educational institutions to assist students in making informed decisions about their education and

career paths. These programs often include counseling, career guidance, and information

dissemination about available educational opportunities.

 CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Foreign Literature

The research of Gerald T. LeTendre, Barbara K. Hofer, and Hidetada Shimizu talks about

how students select their tracks. They also study how these students are capable of their chosen

track. They also examine students from their country and how they could pick their way; it

shows that the result of this examination is that more students are affected by cultural beliefs that

were proven to them. Researchers observe in their research that they have studied how the

students select their track and how they are capable in their chosen track; they also notice that

U.S., Japan, and Germany show the same culture as the student. Students are also affected by

values and attitudes in culture.

attitudes in culture.
B. Local Literature

According to Mark Catarroja, the Kto12 system in the country aims to develop social and

economic progress. This progress has been promoted since Jan 20, 2012, by former president

Benigno Aquino signed a contract by which it is approving the Kto12 system; this makes the

education system better. The kindergarten education law has been started successfully in the K

to12 system. By which all the countries have this system except for the Philippines. The former

president wants that the education system was much more suitable for the new students in that
students could have jobs when they finish K to12. In the K to12 system, the studies are being

enhanced. This K to12 system has lengthened the year for high school students. It adds two more

years by which we call the students in grade 11 to 12 senior high school, and some know this

more likely as college students. In K to 12 system, you have four tracks to choose for these are

academic, technical vocational, livelihood, sports, and art design track. This RA 10533 Which is

to expand job opportunities by the reducing job skill for high school graduates.

In this article, researchers have read how is this K to 12 system applies to the students and

talk about how you can get a job when you finish this K to 12 system. You can choose different

tracks in the K to 12 system which involve your skills. This K-to-12 system ensures that students

that can’t go to college can have a decent job if they graduate from high school. Students that

can’t choose their proper track will be correct by basing it on their skills.

The K-12 system wants to secure that all students can have a job. The K-12 system has

lengthened the school year of high school students. It adds two years. It is not only the main goal

of the Kto12 system for you to have a decent job but to improve and enhance your skills.
 CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY

Research Design
This study was conducted in descriptive research design. This is to achieve the gathered

information needed in the study that discusses the impact of choosing strand s. The research

method used is the quantitative method by providing questions as the main tool for gathering

data regarding the positive and negative effects in choosing their strand on selected students of as

an incoming Senior High School

Sources of Data
The respondents of this study are come from grade 10 students at Burgos National high

school, who could not choose their strand are not included in the collection data.

Instrumentation and Data Collection

The researcher that will be used to obtain the necessary data in the study is a survey

questionnaire linked to the subject. The questionnaire conducted by the researchers is contained

in a paper where the respondents will answer it so that the researchers can get enough data and

information.

Data Gathering Procedure

A letter requesting for the permission to conduct the study will be presented, the

researcher had a direct communication and contact with selected Grade 10 students at Burgos
National high school. First, try to suggest different public schools where be able to conduct

survey. Then, when the study was approved the researcher.

Started working on their questionnaire basing their questions on the theories and related

studies found. The researcher used related questions to be able to achieve the respective goal of

their study.

Tools and Data Analysis

The data will be computed, and the result will analyze using the statistical tool as follows:

The researchers used the scores of the results of the questionnaires, answered by the grade 10

students, to identify the factors being researched. They also used t-Test to track weather there is a

significant difference between the factors affecting a student’s choice of senior high school track

when analyzed according to year level.