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II PROJECT PLANNING

The document outlines the concepts of project planning and design, detailing the steps involved in project planning, including establishing objectives, resource allocation, and risk management. It emphasizes the importance of a logical framework analysis (LFA) for creating clear project objectives, indicators, and success factors. Additionally, it differentiates between project planning and design, highlighting the need for detailed work schedules and personnel plans.

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Tin Natay
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18 views4 pages

II PROJECT PLANNING

The document outlines the concepts of project planning and design, detailing the steps involved in project planning, including establishing objectives, resource allocation, and risk management. It emphasizes the importance of a logical framework analysis (LFA) for creating clear project objectives, indicators, and success factors. Additionally, it differentiates between project planning and design, highlighting the need for detailed work schedules and personnel plans.

Uploaded by

Tin Natay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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II.

PROJECT PLANNING AND DESIGNING


 MEANING OF TERMS PROJECT PLANNING AND PROJECT DESIGN
 STEPS IN PROJECT PLANNING
 FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN PROJECT PLANNING AND DESIGN
 PROJECT PLANNING TECHNIQUES
 PROJECT LOGICAL FRAMEWORK / PLANNING MATRIX

II. PROJECT PLANNING AND DESIGNING


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Project planning means an endeavor in which human, material and financial resources are organized
in a better way to undertake a unique scope of work over a given specification within a given time at
a given cost and quality to achieve some intended goals or objectives.

Outline any 5 challenges a project manager may come across in process of project identification

It is an activity comprising a series of predetermined and coordinated actions and processes for
carrying out operations for the identification and implementation of project. It is a process involving
the listing in detail what is required to successfully complete a given project along the free critical
dimension i.e. cost, time and quality within a prevailing environment.

Project planning phase in the project cycle is the stage at which project teams interacts with
prioritized data from the baseline survey to develop concrete building blocks that would actualize
the proposed project by putting it on its implementation cost. It is at this stage that the
following will be developed.
 Project goals and aims
 Project objectives which are SMART
 Project indicators for the monitoring and evaluation indicators

Is also at this stage that the project emerges with clear activity schedules and clear budget

STEPS IN PROJECT PLANNING

1. Establishing the project objectives


2. Choosing the strategy for achieving the objectives
3. Breaking the project into sub-units
4. Determining the performance standards for each unit
5. Determining the cost of the project
6. Establishing the required resources
7. Signing duties and responsibilities
8. Developing the necessary policies and procedures
9. Determining the yard stick for evaluating the outcome

A GOOD PROJECT PLAN SHOULD THEREFORE INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

 A definition of the project scope; it is how much it would do and how much it would not do.
 Concrete – SMART; project objective activities
 Clearly defined technical specifications and standards
 Activity schedule and sequences defining what should be done and when
 Risk identification and risk management plan
 A project leadership structure within the content of the widest organizational structure.

Role of project planning

 Provides a basis for organizing the work of the project and allocating responsibility
 Is a means of communication and coordination between all those involved in a project
 It includes people to look ahead
 Instils a sense of urgency and time consciousness
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 Establishes the basis for monitoring and control
 Areas of project planning/Factors to consider for project planning
 The costing of the project should be done
 Planning the manpower and organization i.e. plan the number of people required for that
project and the organization structure.
 Plan for the information system i.e. the flow of information and the information required for
 monitoring the project
 Planning the project work i.e. planning the activities that should be carried out

PROJECT DESIGN
 Is the process in which what emerges in project identification phase is developed into
specific form that makes sense.
 It involves specification of the project objectives, outputs and inputs (resources)
 Project design establishes the intent, plan, means of measuring progress and the external
conditions that are likely to affect the project.
 Differentiate between project planning and project design
 Project planning techniques/Guidelines
 Quality plan-should be competitive when compared to other plans in various project
proposals.

Work schedule and deadline


Personnel plans and resource utilization plans should be taken into account.
There should be detailed work breakdown structures
Areas of high risks should be identified and included in the plans

LOGICAL FRAMEWORK ANALYSIS/PROJECT MATRIX


Is a document usually desired from a descriptive project proposal that summarized in a logical
sequence of 4 matrices both vertical and horizontal lines.

the key components of a logical framework analysis include the following:

(a). Horizontal line or column


 Narrative summary
 Variable indicators
 Means of verification
 Assumptions/risks/external factors

(b). Vertical line or column


 Goals or overall development activities
 Project purpose/immediate objectives
 Output/intermediary results
 Activities

Narrative Variable Means of Assumption/risks/external


summary indicators verification factors

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Goals/overall
development
objectives
Purpose/immediate objectives
Output
Activities
1.
2.
3.

The recent emphasis on the application of LFA arises in the fact that most projects do not have
clear objectives but general aims.
Many factors for the success of a project including critical/external factors are often overlooked
during the preparation of a project and its implementation.
Indicators of change for monitoring and evaluation are usually missing in the project design.

Advantages of LFA(logical framework analysis)

1. Clear and specific objectives are formed


2. Factors for the success of a project are determined
3. Indicators for changes in monitoring and evaluation are formed
4. Is a planning tool that attempts to represent statement highlighting key components of the
project plan.
5. Is usually extracted form descriptive project proposal and is a summary of a logical
sequence.

TERMS USED IN LOGICAL FRAMEWORK ANALYSIS

1. Project goal; is the overall developmental objectives the project seeks to attain
2. Project purpose; is the specific target to be achieved by implementing a project and is
always focused on a target group.
3. Output/results; is what is realized as an indicator/immediate time after the effect of the
project and the intervention mission is accomplished.
4. Input; these are the resources used to undertake the activities with the aim of obtaining
intended output. These could include materials, money, human resources, time etc.
5. Variable indicators; are the measurable or observable pointers that something or
achievement as per the project target is realized e.g. 1000(mosquito nets distributed, 500
babies immunized, 1000 children attending school.
6. Activities; the task (work program) that need to be carried out to deliver the planned
results.
7. Means of verification; indicates where and in what form, information or the achievement of
the project, project objectives and results can be found as described under variable
indicators.
8. Assumptions/Risks; this indicates the external environment which provides conditions that
should exist for the project to achieve its objectives. These factors can neither be positive or
negative; these include economic, political, socio – cultural factors.

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