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MBA501 Session 1 Introduction to Mgt HO

The document outlines the management process, emphasizing the four key functions: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, aimed at achieving organizational goals efficiently and effectively. It discusses the importance of managerial roles, categorized into interpersonal, informational, and decisional roles, and highlights the skills needed at different management levels. Additionally, it references historical management practices and the evolution of management through various eras.

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9 views

MBA501 Session 1 Introduction to Mgt HO

The document outlines the management process, emphasizing the four key functions: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, aimed at achieving organizational goals efficiently and effectively. It discusses the importance of managerial roles, categorized into interpersonal, informational, and decisional roles, and highlights the skills needed at different management levels. Additionally, it references historical management practices and the evolution of management through various eras.

Uploaded by

rizmin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

to
Management
Session Extracts
Ajantha Dharmasiri

The Management Process

Planning Organizing Leading Controlling


Inputs from the Environment

Physical
Resources

Financial
Resources

Goal
Attainment
Information
Resources

Human
Resources

Efficiency & Effectiveness


Efficiency
vs
Effectiveness

E
+
E
=
P
Efficiency vs Effectiveness

Efficient Not reaching goals Reaching goals


Resource Use

Not wasting resources Not wasting resources

Not reaching goals Reaching goals


Inefficient
Wasting resources Wasting resources

Ineffective Effective
Goal Accomplishment
Source: Certo, 2003

Three Levels of Effectiveness


is a set of activities,
Management
including
planning,
organising,
leading
and
controlling
directed at an
Organisation’s
human,
financial,
physical
and
information
resources,
with the aim of
achieving organisational goals in
an efficient and effective manner.

Human Progress

Stone Age
Agricultural Era
Industrial Era
Information Era
Knowledge Era
Management in Ancient Times
• Jathaka Stories
• Bible – Old Testament
• Pyramids in Egypt
• Innovation in China
• Hydraulic Civilization in Sri Lanka

Four Functions of Management

Planning

Controlling Organizing

Leading
Levels of Management

Top
Managers
Middle
Managers

First-line Managers

Non-management

Management
Types -
Vertical

12
Management Types - Horizontal
• Functional Managers
– Responsible for a department that performs
a single functional task and
– Has employees with similar training and skills

• General Managers
– Responsible for several departments that
perform different functions
13

Managerial Skills
Conceptual skills:
1. Analytical and diagnostic
2. Envisioning future

Human skills:
1. Understand others
2. Influence others

Technical skills:
1. Job specific. E.g. Marketing
2. Specialized
Skill Type Needed by Manager Level

Top
Managers

Middle
Managers

Line
Managers

Conceptual Human Technical

Managerial Roles

• Described by Mintzberg (1971).


– A role is a set of specific tasks a person
performs because of the position they hold.
• Roles are directed inside as well as
outside the organization.
• There are 3 broad role categories:
1. Interpersonal
2. Informational
3. Decisional
Interpersonal Roles

• Roles managers assume to coordinate


and interact with employees and provide
direction to the organization.
– Figurehead role: symbolizes the organization
and what it is trying to achieve.
– Leader role: train, counsel, mentor and
encourage high employee performance.
– Liaison role: link and coordinate people inside
and outside the organization to help achieve
goals.

Informational Roles
• Associated with the tasks needed to
obtain and transmit information for
management of the organization.
– Monitor role: analyzes information from both
the internal and external environment.
– Disseminator role: transmits information to
influence attitudes and behavior of
employees.
– Spokesperson role: use of information to
positively influence the way people in and out
of the organization respond to it.
Decisional Roles
• Associated with the methods managers
use to plan strategy and utilize
resources to achieve goals.
– Entrepreneur role: decide new projects or programs to
initiate and invest.
– Disturbance handler role: assume responsibility for
handling an unexpected event or crisis.
– Resource allocator role: assign resources between
functions and divisions, set budgets of lower managers.
– Negotiator role: seek to negotiate solutions between
other managers, unions, customers, or shareholders.

Managerial Roles – Summary


Category Role Sample Activities
Interpersonal • Figurehead Attending ribbon-cutting ceremony for new
• Leader plant
• Liaison Encouraging employees to improve
productivity
Coordinating activities of two project
groups
Informational • Monitor Scanning industry reports to stay abreast
of developments
• Disseminator Sending memos outlining new
organizational initiatives
• Spokesperson Making a speech to discuss substantive
issues
Decisional • Entrepreneur Developing new ideas for innovation
• Disturbance Handler Resolving conflict between two
• Resource person subordinates
• Negotiator Reviewing and revising budget requests
Reaching agreement with a key supplier or
labour union
Source : Mintzberg (1971)
Points to Ponder…
Understanding the concepts
Application of your skills
Making your roles more
effective

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