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Experiment 6 Frequency Demodulation

The document outlines an experiment for demodulating FM signals using a slope detector circuit in an EE304 Communication Engineering Lab. It includes prelab tasks such as calculating frequencies, designing circuits, and deriving transfer functions, followed by detailed lab procedures for building and testing the slope detector. The conclusion section prompts students to analyze distortion in the signal recovery and suggest improvements for the voltage-controlled oscillator.

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Sumit Bahl
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Experiment 6 Frequency Demodulation

The document outlines an experiment for demodulating FM signals using a slope detector circuit in an EE304 Communication Engineering Lab. It includes prelab tasks such as calculating frequencies, designing circuits, and deriving transfer functions, followed by detailed lab procedures for building and testing the slope detector. The conclusion section prompts students to analyze distortion in the signal recovery and suggest improvements for the voltage-controlled oscillator.

Uploaded by

Sumit Bahl
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of EE​ ​ Experiment 4​

EE304 Communication Engineering Lab


FM demodulation using slope detector

Aim of the experiment


Demodulate the FM signal generated from the 555-timer (as VCO) using a
slope detector circuit.

Prelab
1.​ Report the two frequencies observed for the pulse-modulating
waveform m(t) from your previous FM generation lab.

2.​ What is your estimated bandwidth of the signal? Obtain the result
either analytically or through observations.

3.​ Given the frequency range of the FM signal, DESIGN the frequency
selective circuit shown below.

Figure 1: FM slope detector

4.​ First, derive an equation for the transfer function of the circuit
(frequency selective filter a.k.a FM to AM converter) that precedes the
envelope detector.

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5.​ How will you choose the resonant frequency and the value of R3?
Design the values and plot the frequency response using MATLAB. The
frequency response curve shows the frequency range occupied by the
FM signal.

6.​ Sketch the output of the filter alone when the input is the Frequency
shift keyed (FSK) signal.

7.​ Now design the envelope detector. Specify the values of R4 and C3.

8.​ What is the anticipated waveform at the output of the envelope


detector? Sketch it.

FM demodulation using slope detector


For FM demodulation, the circuit to be used is a simple slope detector. This
consists of two blocks: an FM-to-AM converter followed by an envelope
detector. The FM-to-AM converter differentiates the FM signal and the
resulting mixed FM/AM is passed through an envelope detector. The first
part of the circuit (Fig. 1) is a tuned bandpass filter with a resonant
frequency slightly higher than the carrier frequency so that the incoming
FM signal lies on the left side of the frequency response to behave as a
differentiator. The second part comprising the diode and the RC pair (R4,
C3) is the envelope detector circuit.
Now, to design the working circuit we have to (from PRELAB):

•​ Calculate the resonant frequency of the bandpass filter.

•​ Calculate the time constant of the lowpass filter in the envelope

detector and show that it is appropriate for the message and carrier

frequencies.

Lab procedure for FM demodulation


1.​ Build the slope detector of Fig. 2 using your pre-lab design values.

2.​ Now connect the output of the previous circuit (IC555 FM modulator,
Fig. 1) to the input of the slope detector. Remove the load resistor of
Fig. 1. Display the demodulated output and its spectrum.

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3.​ First, feed a pulse waveform as a modulating signal to the 555-timer.
Verify if you are getting the FM signal.

4.​ Now check if you are getting an AM converted waveform at the output
of the frequency-selective circuit. The two tones should have
translated to two different sinusoids with different amplitudes.
(Report and Sketch).

5.​ Now connect the envelope detector. Is your signal being tracked
successfully? (Report and Sketch)

6.​ Use a pot to fine-tune the envelope detector till you get an
approximation of the pulse waveform.

7.​ (Report) Now connect a sinusoidal signal as the modulating signal to


the 555-timer and observe the FM signal and demodulated
waveforms. (Sketch). What can you conclude from this?

Figure 2: FM modulator using 555 configured as VCO

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Conclusions/Suggestions/Improvements: (Report)
1.​ Why do you observe a significant distortion when trying to recover the
sinusoidal modulating signal using the slope detector?

2.​ Can you suggest a better way to construct a Voltage controlled


oscillator? What should be an essential feature of your proposed VCO?

3.​ Can you conjure up another application for the 555-timer (based on
your observations and results)?

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