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Non Mutually and Mutually Exclusive of Events

The document explains the concepts of mutually exclusive and non-mutually exclusive events in probability, detailing how to calculate the probability of their unions. It provides examples to illustrate these concepts, including scenarios involving dice rolls, card draws, and student selections. The additive rule for non-mutually exclusive events is also discussed, emphasizing the need to subtract the probability of both events occurring together.

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dextergaming377
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9 views

Non Mutually and Mutually Exclusive of Events

The document explains the concepts of mutually exclusive and non-mutually exclusive events in probability, detailing how to calculate the probability of their unions. It provides examples to illustrate these concepts, including scenarios involving dice rolls, card draws, and student selections. The additive rule for non-mutually exclusive events is also discussed, emphasizing the need to subtract the probability of both events occurring together.

Uploaded by

dextergaming377
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBABILITY OF THE EVENTS

• A compound event consists of two or more simple events connected by words and/or.
• Two events are mutually exclusive if both events cannot occur at the same time. These events have no common
elements.
Ex. What is the probability that Jose rolls an odd number or a 6? Sample Space:{1,2,3,4,5,6}
Event 1: rolling an odd number in a die:{1,3,5}
Event 2: rolling a 6.
Rolling an odd number or a 6 cannot happen at the same time, so these events are mutually exclusive.
• The probability of the union of two mutually exclusive events is found by adding the probability of each event.
The illustration below shows the probability of mutually exclusive events.
Non-mutually exclusive events or inclusive events are events that
can happen at the same time.

• The probability of the union of non-mutually exclusive events or inclusive events is also known as the additive rule
of probability. Thus, we add the probabilities of the two events minus the probability that both will occur. It is
further illustrated below.
Ex.What is the probability that Jose rolls an even number or greater than 4?
Sample Space: {1,2,3,4,5,6}
Event 1: rolling an even number:{2,4,6}
Event 2: rolling a number greater than 4: {5,6}
EXAMPLES:

1. A card is drawn at random from a standard deck of cards. What is the probability of drawing a queen or a
king?

These two events are mutually exclusive since you cannot draw a card that is both a king and a queen. Thus,
simply add the probabilities of two events.
EXAMPLES:

1. In a room of 20 people, there are 12 women and 8 men. 6 women and 5 men are wearing red. What is the
probability of randomly picking one person who is either wearing red or a woman?

In the event of choosing a person who is either wearing a red or a woman shows an inclusive event.
EXAMPLES:

1. The probabilities of three contestants A, B, C of winning the grand prize are 1/5, 1/6, and 1/3 , respectively.
Assuming that only one contestant can win the grand prize, find the probability that neither A nor C wins.
ME

ME

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1. Of 240 students in Grade 10, 186 are on the honor roll, 58 are members of the varsity team and
42 students are in the honor roll and are also members of the varsity team. What is the probability
that a randomly selected student is on the honor roll or is a member of the varsity team?
2. A jar contains 7 black marbles with numbers 1 to 7 and 5 red marbles with numbers 8 to 12. All
marbles have an equal probability of being chosen. A marble is drawn, find the probability that a
marble drawn is red or a marble with odd numbers.
3. You roll a fair six-sided die. What is the probability that a die shows an even number or a number
greater than three?

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