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G9 Q3 Math Reviewer

The document outlines the properties and theorems related to various quadrilaterals including parallelograms, rectangles, rhombuses, squares, trapezoids, and kites. It includes definitions, properties, and solutions to problems involving angles and lengths, as well as concepts of ratios, proportions, and triangle similarity. Additionally, it covers special right triangles and the Pythagorean theorem.

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ezejah12430
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3 views

G9 Q3 Math Reviewer

The document outlines the properties and theorems related to various quadrilaterals including parallelograms, rectangles, rhombuses, squares, trapezoids, and kites. It includes definitions, properties, and solutions to problems involving angles and lengths, as well as concepts of ratios, proportions, and triangle similarity. Additionally, it covers special right triangles and the Pythagorean theorem.

Uploaded by

ezejah12430
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Made by: Manadao

Parallelogram and its Properties


-​ A quadrilateral with both pairs opposite sides parallel.

Properties
1.​ Opposite sides are congruent
2.​ Opposite angles are congruent
3.​ Any two consecutive angles are supplementary.
4.​ Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
Theorems on Rectangle, Rhombus and Square
Theorems on Rectangles
1.​ If a parallelogram has a right angle, then it has four right angles and the
parallelogram is a rectangle.
2.​ The diagonals of a rectangle are congruent.

Solutions

a. Using theorem 2 (the diagonals of a rectangle are congruent) and the


diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other, then
RS = 2(IN)

RS = 2(12)

RS = 24cm

RS = IE = 24cm

b. Since RISE is a rectangle where angle E is a right angle, then ΔRES is a


right triangle. Recall that the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is 180°.
Therefore,

m∠ERS + m∠RES + m∠RSE = 180

m∠ERS + 90+ 32 = 180 (Substitution)

m∠ERS + 122 = 180 (Simplify)

m∠ERS + 122 + (-122) = 180 + (-122) (Addition Property of Equality)

m∠ERS = 58 (Simplify)

Theorems on Rhombus
1.​ The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular.
2.​ Each diagonal of a rhombus bisects each other.

If m∠ROA = 112, find:

a. m∠ROB

b. m∠ORB

c. m∠ORD

Solutions
a. In the rhombus, OD bisects ∠ROA and ∠RDA.

So, m∠ROB = 1/2 (m∠ROA)

Thus, m∠ROB = 1/2 (112)

m∠ROB = 56

b. In ∆ROB, the sum of the measures of ∠ORB, ∠OBR and ∠ROB is 180°.

By theorem 3, the diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular, then m∠OBR =


90.

Thus,

m∠ORB + m∠OBR + m∠ROB = 180

m∠ORB + 90 + 56 = 180 (Substitution)

m∠ORB + 146 = 180 (Simplify)

m∠ORB + 146 + (-146) = 180 + (-146) (Addition Property of Equality)

m∠ORB = 34

c. In the rhombus, AR bisects ∠ORD and ∠DAO.

So, m∠ORD = 2(m∠ORB)

Thus, m∠ORD = 2(34)

m∠ORD = 68

Theorems on Squares

-​ most special parallelogram because all the properties of parallelograms and


theorems of rectangles and rhombuses are true to all squares.
1.​ The diagonals of a square are perpendicular and congruent.
2.​ The diagonals of a square bisect opposite angles.
3.​ A square is a rectangle and rhombus.
Midline Theorem
-​ The segment between the midpoints of a triangle is parallel to the third side and half
as long.

1.​ If MO = 150, find the length of ST

2.​ If MO = 36.6 in, find the length of ST


3.​ If ST = 34.4 dm, find the length of MO
Theorems on Trapezoids
Trapezoids
1.​ A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides.
2.​ The pair of parallel sides of a trapezoid is called the bases while the non-parallel
sides are called legs.
3.​ The two angles that include the bases are called base angles. Every trapezoid has
four base angles.
4.​ Any line drawn from a point on one base perpendicular to the other base is called
the altitude.
5.​ If the legs of a trapezoid are congruent, then the trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid.

Theorems
1.​ The base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent.
2.​ The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent.
3.​ The midline of a trapezoid is parallel to its bases and its length is half of the sum of
the lengths of the bases.

●​ The measurement of AB is 25 cm while the measurement of DC is 55 cm.


What is the measurement of EF?
○​ The measurement of AB is 34 cm while the measurement of EF is 43.2 cm.
What is the measurement of DC?​

Theorems on Kites
Properties
1.​ A kite is a quadrilateral with two distinct pairs of adjacent, congruent sides.
2.​ The diagonals are perpendicular to each other.

Theorems
●​ Find the area of the kite if LV = 20 and EO = 15

Let Ak be the area of the kite


●​ The area of the kite LOVE is 101.27 in^2 and LV = 24.7 in. Find the
measurement of EO
Ratio and Proportion
Ratio

-​ Comparison of between two number quantities


Proportion

-​ An equation that shows two ratios are equivalent

-​ The product of the extremes is equal to the product of the means.


-​ That is, ad=bc

Basic Proportionality Theorem

1.​ If a line intersects two sides of a triangle and is parallel to the third side, then
it divides the first two sides proportionality.

If XA = 5 cm, AZ = 6cm, XB = 4 cm, what is the measurement of BY?


2.​ If three or more parallel lines are cut by two or more transversals, then the
segments cut off along the transversals are proportional.
If AB measures 6 cm, BC measures 12 cm, and DE measures 15 cm, how
long is EF?

3.​ The bisector of an angle of a triangle separates the opposite side into
segments whose lengths are proportional to the lengths of the other two
sides.

If DA = 15, AE = 30, BD = 25, what is the measurement of BE?


Triangle Similarity
Similar Figures
-​ Corresponding angles are congruent
-​ Corresponding sides are proportionally

Scale Factor
-​ It is the amount of enlargement or reduction needed to get a similar figure from the other.
This is the ratio of the dimension of an object in its dilated image to its actual size.
-​ To get the scale factor, simply divide the one pair of corresponding sides.

Basic Similarity Theorems


A.​ AA (Angle-Angle)
-​ Two triangles are similar if two angles of one triangle are congruent to two
angles of another triangle.
B.​ SAS (Side-Angle-Side)
-​ Two triangles are similar if an angle of one triangle is congruent to an angle of
another triangle and the corresponding sides including those angles are in
proportion.

C.​ SSS (Side-Side-Side)


-​ Two triangles are similar if the three pairs of corresponding sides are in
proportion.

Right Triangles
Altitude Rule
-​ In any right triangle, the altitude to the hypotenuse is the geometric mean between the
segments into which it separates the hypotenuse.

Leg Rule
-​ In any right triangle, each leg is a geometric mean of the hypotenuse and the segment of
the hypotenuse adjacent to the leg.
Pythagorean Theorem
-​ In a right triangle, the square of the longest side (hypotenuse) is equal to the sum of the
squares of the two other legs.

Special Right Triangles


-​ In a 45°-45°-90° triangle, the hypotenuse is √2 times as long as each leg.
-​ In a 30°-60°-90° triangle, the hypotenuse is twice as long as the shorter leg and the
longer leg is √3 times as long as the shorter leg.

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