HISTORY TOPICAL K.C.S.E. present homeland.

- Why did the Bantu migrate from their coastal settlement

(2mks) Southern Cushites.
- Give five reasons for the migration of the Mijikenda
(1mk)

QUESTIONS. at Shungwaya in the sixteenth century? (3mks) from Shungwaya during the pre-colonial period. (5mk)
2000: - State two ways in which the Akamba interacted with the - Explain five social effects of the migration and
FROM 1996-2024 Agikuyu in the pre-colonial period (2mks) settlement of the Mijikenda in their present homeland.
PAPER ONE - Explain five results of the migration and settlement of (10mks)
the plains Nilotes into Kenya. (10mks) 2014: - Identify one natural factor that caused the Abagusii
2001: - State two ways in which the Nandi and the Abaluyia to migrate from Mount Elgon region to their present
INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
communities interacted during the pre- colonial period. (2) homeland (1mk)
- Give one reason why the Mijikenda community migrated - Identify the three Luo groups Which migrated into
1998: - Name two sources of the history of the Kenyan communities
from their settlement at Shungwaya during the Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (3mks)
during the pre- colonial period (2mks)
pre-colonial period. (1mk) 2015: - Identify two sub-groups of the Kalenjin speakers. (2mks)
2003: - State two disadvantages of relying on oral traditions as a
- What five factors led to the migration of the Iteso - Give five reasons which influenced the migration of
source of history. (2mks)
from their original home in the Lake Turkana region the Abagusii into Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (5mk
2006: - Identify two sources of Kenyan history (2mks)
to their present homeland? (5mks) - Discuss five effects of migration and settlement of the
2007: - Give two reasons for studying Government. (2mks)
- Explain five effects of the migration and settlement of Plain Nilotes during the pre-colonial period. (10mks)
2009: - Identify one branch in the study of History and
the Iteso in Kenya. (10mks) 2016: - Identify two communities in Kenya which belong to
Government of Kenya (1mk)
2002: - State one way in which the Abagusii and the Kipsigis the Western Bantu group. (2mks)
2010: - Give the meaning of history. (1mk)
interacted during the pre-colonial period. (1mk) - State two similarities in the political organization of
2011: - Give two unwritten sources of information on History
- What were the results of the settlement of the luo in the Ameru and Abaluhya of Kenya during the 19th C.(2mks)
and Government. (2mks)
Kenya during the pre-colonial period? (7mks) 2017: - State two ways in which the migration of the Cushites
2012: - Give two limitations of using anthropology as a source
2003: - Give one way in which the knowledge of iron working into Kenya affected the Agikuyu during the pre-colonial
of information on History and government. (2mks)
helped in the migration of the Bantu (1mk) period. (2mks)
2013: - State two ways in which the study of History and
- State three ways through which communities in Kenya - Apart from the Akamba, identify five other Eastern Bantu
Government promotes a sense of patriotism in the learner.
interacted during the pre – colonial period. (3mks) communities which settled in Kenya during the pre-colonial
2014: - Give two ways in which archaeologists identify a
2004: - Give two reasons for the migration of the Borana period.
pre-historic site. (2mks)
from Ethiopia into Kenya. (2mks) 2018: - Which is the largest linguistic group in Kenya? (1mk)
2015: - Define the term ‘pre-history’. (1mk)
- Why did the Bantu migrate from their original - Give two sub-groups of the Mjikenda. (2mk)
2016: - Identify one disadvantage of using anthropology as a
homeland? (5mks) - Describe five aspects of the social organization of the
source of information in History and Government. (1mk)
2005: - Give five reasons which led to the migration of the Agikuyu in the 19" century, (10mks)
2020: - Identify two forms of Oral Traditions used as sources of
cushites from their original homeland into Kenya during 2019: - State two ways in which the Agikuyu interacted with
information in History and Government. (2mks)
the pre- colonial period. (5mks) the Maasai during the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
2021: - Identify two forms of government. (2mks).
- Explain five results of the interactions between the - Name the original homeland of the River-Lake Nilotes
- State five limitations of written records as a
Bantu and the cushites in Kenya during the of Kenya. (2mks)
source of information in History and Government. (5mks)
pre- colonial period. (10mks) 2020: - Name Two Eastern Cushitic communities who migrated
2023 - Identify the arm of government that interprets law in
2006: - Name one community in Kenya that belongs to the into Kenya during Precolonial period (2mks).
Kenya. (1mk)
River Lake Nilotes (1mk) 2021: - Identify two linguistic groups in Kenya. (2mks)
- Why did the highlands Nilotes migrate from their original - State two ways in which the Agikuyu interacted with
EARLY MAN homeland during the pre- colonial period? (5mks) the Akamba during the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
2005: - Name two pre- historic sites in Kenya. (2mks)
- Explain five results of the migration and settlement of - Identify the Cushitic community which attacked the
2007: - State two advantages of the discovery of fire by Early Man.
the highland Nilotes in Kenya (10mks) Bantu at Shungwaya during the pre-colonial period. (1mk)
2008: - Identify two ways through which archaeologists obtain
2007: - Name the dispersal area of the Eastern Bantu. (1mk) 2022: - Identify two groups of Highland Bantus in Kenya. (2mks)
information on the history of Kenya. (2mks)
- Give five reasons for the migration of the Luo from - Give the origin of the southern Cushites who settled in
2017: - Identify two pre-historic sites where the remains of
their original homeland into Kenya. (5mks) Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (1mk)
Kenyapithecus were discovered. (2mks)
- What were the social effects of the expansion of the - State five causes of migration of the Highland Nilotes
2018: - Name the last stage in the evolution of man. (1mk).
Luo into Western Kenya? (10mks) into Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
2019: - Identify two theories which explain the origin of man. (2).
2008: - Name two communities in Kenya who belong to the 2023 - Name five Kalenjin sub-groups in Kenya. (1mk)
Plain Nilotes. (2mks) 2024 - Name two groups of the Luo who moved into Kenya before
THE PEOPLE OF KENYA UPTO THE 19TH CENTURY - What was the original homeland of the Eastern Cushites? (1) the 19th century. (2mks)
1996: - What factors made the Cushite’s migrate into Kenya 2009: Apart from the Maasai, name one other plains Nilotes - State the main function of the council of elders among
during the pre – colonial period? (10mks) found in Kenya (1mk) African communities in Kenya during the pre-colonial
- Explain five results of the migration of the Cushite 2010: Identify one age-grade for elders among the Akamba. period. (1mk)
into Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (10mks) - State the first settlement area of the Luo during their
1997: - Give two factors which led to the migration and settlement migration from Sudan. (1mk) SOCIAL ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ORGANISATION OF
of the Iteso into Kenya by 1800. (2mks) - Give five reasons which influenced the migration of KENYAN SOCIETIES IN THE 19TH CENTURY
- Explain the results of the migration and settlement the Plains Nilotes to Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
of the Somali into Kenya by 1800. (7mks) - Explain five results of the migration and settlement of the 1996: - Give two functions of the council of elders among the
1998. - In what two ways did the Kenyan communities interact Maasai in Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (10mks) Akamba during the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
during the pre-colonial period? (2mks) 2011: - What was the main reason for the migration of the Eastern 1997: - Describe the political organization in Kenya during the
- Describe the migration and settlement of the Eastern Bantu from Shungwaya during the pre-colonial period? (1mk) pre-colonial period. (8mks)
Bantu Speaking communities into Kenya upto 1800. (5mks) Give two reasons why Kenyan Communities fought against 1999: - Identify the two economic activities which the maasai
- Discuss the results of the migration and settlement each other during the pre- Colonial period. acquired as a result of interacting with the Agikuyu
of the Eastern Bantu into Kenya q1 by 1900 (10mks) 2012: - Identify one community in Kenya which belongs to during their settlement in Kenya (2mks)
1999: - What was the base of the political organization among the Southern Cushitic group. (1mk) - What religious functions did the Orkoiyot of the Nandi
the Cushites during the pre- colonial period? (1mk) Name two Bantu groups in Kenya which settled in Mount perform during the pre- colonial period? (2mks)
- Name two Bantu communities in Kenya whose ancestors Elgon area before migrating to their present homeland. (2) - Give two main factors which influenced the Abaluyia
settled in the Mount Elgon area before migrating to their 2013: - Name the community in Kenya that belongs to the to become crop farmers by the beginning of the 19thC (2mks

Max-Mint History Revision Booklet – 0711 243 175

 - Describe 2022: - State two functions of the Oloibon among the Maasai - Describe the way of life of the people who lived in the
(i) The political and (6mks) in the 19" Century. (2mks) coastal city states by 1500. (7mks)
(ii)The social organization of the Mijikenda during the - Identify two roles played by medicine men among the - Explain four factors which led to the decline of the
pre- colonial period. (6mks) Kenyan communities during the pre-colonial period. (2mks) coastal settlements between 1500 and 1700. (8mks)
2000: - Give two economic reasons why the cushites migrated - Identify five sub-groups of the Mijikenda in Kenya. (5mks) 2001: - Identify two factors that led to the spread of Islam
from their original homeland into Kenya (2mks) - Explain five economic activities of the Mijikenda during along the Kenyan coast by sixteenth century. (2mks)
- Identify the main reason why the Mijikenda lived in the 19th century. (10mks) - Give one reason why Seyyid Said took direct control
the kaya (1mk) of the settlements along the coast of Kenya in 1806 (1mk)
2023 - Identify the most important social activity of the Bantu
- Describe the political organization of the Maasai during - Why did Christian missionaries come to Kenya in the
in the 19 Century. (1mrk)
the pre- colonial period. (5mks) nineteenth century? (5mks)
Explain five economic activities of the Luo in the 19 Century.
2001: - Give two reasons why the council of elders among the - Explain six results of the coming of Christian missionaries
(10mrks)
Ameru was important before the establishment of to Kenya. (10mks)
2024 - State the main function of the council of elders among
colonial rule. (2mks) 2002: - A part from trade, give one reason why the Arabs
African communities in Kenya during the pre-colonial
- What was the main significance of circumcision in migrated to the Kenyan coast before 1500 A.D. (1mk)
period. (1mk)
some African traditional societies in Kenya? (1mk) - State two factors which encouraged the Akamba to
- Name five Bantu communities which settled in Kenya
2002: - State two functions of the Council of Elders participate in the long-distance trade during the 19thC. (2mks
during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
(Njui Ncheke) of the Ameru (2mks) - Why were the Portuguese interested in establishing their
- Explain five effects of the settlement of the Bantus in
- Describe the socio- political organization of the Luo control over the Kenyan coast during the 16th century (3mks)
Kenya up to the 19th century. (10mks)
during the pre- colonial period (8mks) - Explain six effects of Portuguese role on the Kenyan
- Identify five economic activities of the Cushites in the
2003: - Describe the social organization of the Agikuyu during Coast. (12mks)
19th century. (5mks)
the pre- colonial period. (8mks) 2003: - Identify one in which the monsoon winds led to the
- Describe the social organization of the Nandi during the
2004: - State two ways in which Kenyan communities interacted development of trade between the Kenyan coast and
pre-colonial period. (10mks)
during the pre- colonial period (2mks) the outside world. (1mk)
- State two functions of the Laibon among the Maasai - State three economic benefits of the Oman rule along
during pre- colonial period in Kenya. (2mks) the Kenyan coast during the nineteenth century. (3mks)
- Describe the political organization of the Akamba during CONTACTS BETWEEN EAST AFRICA AND THE OUTSIDE - State two ways through which mission stations promoted
the pre- colonial period. (10mks) WORLD UP TO THE 19TH CENTURY. the spread of Christianity in Kenya. (2mks)
2005: - Identify the main economic activity of the Plain Nilotes 1996: - State two factors which made it possible for the Arab - Outline the stages in the Portuguese conquest of the
during the pre- colonial period. (2mks) traders to come to the Kenya coast before 1500. (2mks) coastal towns up to 1510 (3mks)
- Identify one community in Kenya which had a centralized - Identify one contribution of John Krapf to the spread - Explain six factors that led to the decline of the Portuguese
system of government in pre- colonial Kenya. (1mk) of Christianity in Kenya during the 19th century. (2mks) rule on the Kenyan coast. (12mks)
2006: - State two economic activities of the Abagusii in Kenya - Why were the Portuguese able to conquer the Kenyan 2004: - Identify one factor that facilitated contact between the
during the pre- colonial period. (2mks) coast during the sixteenth century? (5mks) Kenyan coast and the outside world by the end of the
2007: - State two duties of the Orkoiyot among the Nandi. (2mks) - Explain six factors which led to the collapse of the 16thCentury. (1mk)
2008: - State two similarities in the political organization of the Portuguese rule on the Kenyan coast by the end of the - What factors influenced Seyyid Said’s decision to transfer
Ameru and Abagusii of Kenya during the 19th C. (2mks) seventeenth century. (10mks) his capital to Zanzibar. (3mks)
2009: - What was the main economic activity of the Cushites 1997: - Identify two factors which encouraged the spread of - Describe the effects of long distance trade in Kenya during
in the pre- colonial period? (1mk) Islam in Kenya by 1500. (2mks) the 19th century. (12mks)
- State two political functions of the council of elders - State two main reasons why the Oman rulers were 2005: - Name one community in Kenya which played a leading
among the Agikuyu during the colonial period (2mks) interested in establishing their control over the Kenyan role in the long distance trade. (1mk)
2010: - Identify one age-grade for elders among the Akamba. (1mk) coast. (2mks) - Give two evidences which show that Chinese traders
2011: - State five economic activities of the Borana during the - Explain Why Christian missionaries established mission reached the Kenyan coast before 1500 A.D. (2mks)
pre-colonial period. (5mks) stations in Kenya during the colonial period. (7mks) - State the main reason for the coming of the Portuguese
- Describe the social organization of the Maasai during - What factors undermined Christian missionary activities to the Kenyan coast in the 15th century. (1mk)
the pre-colonial period. (10mks) in Kenya during the nineteenth century? (8mks) 2006: - Give one reason which led to the decline of Gedi during
2012: - State two religious functions performed by Oloibon 1998: - Give the main reason why early visitors from Arabia the 15th century. (1mk)
of the Maasai during the pre-colonial period. (2mks) came to the Kenyan coast before 1500. (1mk) 2007: - Give the main reason why the rulers of Malindi welcomed
2013: - State two political functions of the Oloibon among the Maasai - State two reasons why the Portuguese built Fort Jesus. (2) the Portuguese in the 16th century. (1mk)
during the 19th century. - Why were the Portuguese able to control the Kenya - Give two factors which influenced Seyyid Said to develop
2014: - Describe the political organization of the Luo during coast between 1500 and 1700? (3mks) th
agriculture in Zanzibar in the 19 Century. (2mks)
the pre-colonial period. (12mks) - Describe the results of the Portuguese rule of the - Identify five factors that led to the growth of town along
2016: - State two similarities in the political organization of the Kenya Coast (12mks) the coast of Kenya before the 19th Century. (5mks)
Ameru and Abaluhya of Kenya during the 19th Century. 1999: - State two benefits of Portuguese rule over the coastal - Describe the way of life in the Coastal towns of Kenya
2017: - Identify the main economic activity of the Maasai during the settlement (2mks) before the 19th Century. (10mks)
pre-colonial period. - Describe the characteristics of the coastal towns by 1500. (5 2008: - Give the main reason why the early visitors came to the
- Describe the political organization of the Akamba during the - Explain five factors which led to the decline of the Kenyan coast by 1500 A.D. (1mk)
pre-colonial period. coastal towns after 1500. (10mks) - Name the missionary society that established a home
2018: - Describe five aspects of the social organization of the - What factors encouraged the Akamba to participate in the th
for freed slaves at the coast of Kenya in the 19 C. (1mk)
Agikuyu in the 19" century. (10mks) long distance trade during the nineteenth century? (5mks) - Give three factors which contributed to the development
2019: -Identify the main economic activity of the Akamba during the - Explain the effects of slave trade on the African of trade between the Kenyan coast and the outside
pre-colonial period. communities in Kenya (10mks) world by the 16th century. (3mks)
2020: - Give two social functions of the Orkoiyot among the Nandi 2000: - State two main factors which enabled traders from - What reasons led to the decline of the Portuguese rule
during the pre-colonial period. Arabia to come to the Kenyan coast before 1500. (2mks) along the Kenyan coast during the 17th century. (12mks)
- Describe the political organization of the Agikuyu during - State two reasons why the Portuguese were able to 2009 - Name two groups that rivaled the Portuguese for the
the precolonial period. (10mks) conquer the coastal settlements by 1500. (2mks) th
control of the Kenyan coast in the 16 century (2mks)
2021: - Describe the social organization of the Borana in the - Identify two methods which long distance traders used - Give the evidence which shows that early visitors reached
19th Century. (5mks) to acquire slaves during the nineteenth century. (2mks) the Kenyan coast before the 15th century (3mks)

Max-Mint History Revision Booklet – 0711 243 175

 - Explain six results of the interaction between the people - Apart from Fort Jesus, which other historical monument 2001: - Explain five factors that promote national unity in Kenya.
of the Kenyan Coast and the Arab (12mks) was built by the Portuguese in Kenya? (1mrk) (10mks)
- Give three reasons for the coming of European Christian - State five reasons for the coming of the Portuguese 2002: - Give one way through which the education system in
missionaries to Kenya in the 19th Century (3mks) to the Kenyan Coast. (5mks) Kenya promotes national Unity. (1mrk)
- Explain six factors that hindered the work of early - Explain five challenges faced by early Christian 2003: - Give one way in which rural to rural migrations in
Christian missionaries in Kenya (12mks) missionaries in their work in Kenya. (10mks) Kenya contribute to national unity. (1mrk)
2010: - Name one early Christian missionary who worked in Kenya (1mk) 2021: - Highlight two factors which led to the increase in 2004: - Describe three practices that may interfere with
- Give three reasons why the early visitors came to the demand for slaves along the East African Coast during national unity. (3mks)
Kenyan-coast before 1500 A.D. (3mks) the 19th Century. (2mks) 2005: - Give three symbols of National Unity. (3mks)
- Explain six factors that contributed to the development of trade 2023 - Which Christian Missionary group established a centre for - Explain six factors which undermine National Unity
between the Kenyan coast and the outside world by 1900. (12mrks) freed slaves at the Kenyan Coast. (1mk) in Kenya. (12mks)
2011: - Identify the two main items of trade from the interior - Identify five groups of the early visitors into Fast African 2006: - Identify two peaceful ways of resolving conflicts (2mks)
of Kenya during the long distance trade. (2mks) Coast up to 1500 AD. (5mks) 2010: - Identify two symbols of national unity in Kenya. (2mks)
- Identify two contributions made by the early Christian - Discuss five factors which led to the decline of city –states - Give two reasons' that can make a registered person
missionaries in the field of education in Kenya. (2mks) along the Kenyan Coast. (10mks) to lose citizenship in Kenya . (2mks)
- Name three missionaries who came to Kenya before 2011: - Give the meaning of the term 'national integration.' (1mrk)
- State three reasons for the coming of the Portuguese 1960. (3mks) 2012: - Give two ways in which education has promoted
to the Kenyan Coast in the 15th Century. (3mks) 2024: - Identify two crops which were introduced by the national unity in Kenya. (2mks)
- Explain six effects of the Portuguese rule on the East Portuguese at the Kenyan coast. (2mks) 2013: No question.
African Coast. (12mks) - State five factors that promoted the development of 2014: - Give one economic factor that promotes national unity
2012: - Give two factors that enabled the early visitors to come the Indian Ocean Trade. (5mks) in Kenya. (1mrk)
to the Kenyan coast by 1500 A.D. (2mks) - Explain five reasons for the decline of the Portuguese - Identify one way in which elders resolve conflicts in
- Name one Arab family which ruled the Kenyan coast rule at the Kenyan Coast. (10mks) the community. (1mrk)
on behalf of Oman. (1mk) 2015: - Give two peaceful methods of resolving conflicts in
- Name the African community that organized long distance Kenya. (2mks)
trade in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk) CITIZENSHIP 2016: No question.
2013: - Give two ways through which knowledge in marine 1997: - Explain the circumstances which may force the 2017: - State two ways in which poverty undermines unity
technology facilitated the coming of the early visitors government to limit the rights and the freedoms of in Kenya. (2mks)
to the Kenyan Coast. (2mks) the individual (12mks) - Identify one political factor which causes conflicts
- Identify the town that was established by missionaries 1998 - State one fundamental right of the individual which a person in Kenya. (1mrk)
in Kenya as a centre for freed slaves during the 19 th C. in prison is deprived of? 2018: - Identify two activities that promote national unity
- State five factors which influenced the Akamba to 2003: - State one reason why the government may limit the in Kenya. (2mks)
participate in the long distance trade. (5mks) freedom of speech. (1mrk) 2019: - State two ways in which national integration has
- Describe five effects of the long distance trade on the 2005: - Explain six responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen. (12mks) promoted economic development in Kenya. (2mks).
people of Kenya. (10mks) 2007: - State two ways through which a person can become 2020: - Highlight Two National Days celebrated in Kenya. (2mks).
2014: - State the main factor that contributed to rise of city-states a citizen of Kenya. (2mks) - Identify three peaceful methods of conflict resolution
along the Kenya-coast before 1500 AD. 2008: - Identify two ways of becoming a Kenyan citizen. (2mks) in Kenya. (3mks)
- Give five reasons that led to the corning of the Arabs - Give one reason why the government of Kenya may - Explain six factors which undermine national unity in
to the Kenyan Coast. (5mks) limit a person’s freedom of speech. (1mrk) Kenya. (12mks)
- Explain five effects of Christian missionary activities 2010: -Give two reasons that can make a registered person lose 2021: - Give the meaning of the term 'conflict. (1mrk)
in Kenya. (10mks) citizenship in Kenya. 2022: - State two ways in which the use of Kiswahili promotes
2015: - Name the winds that aided the early visitors to come - Give one type of human rights. national unity in Kenya. (2mks)
to the Kenyan coast up to 1500 AD. (1mrk) 2011: -Name the document which contains the Rights of the Child in 2024: - Give one economic cause of conflicts in the family. (1mk)
- Give two reasons why Seyyid Said moved his capital Kenya. - Highlight three levels of conflicts in Kenya. (5mks)
from Muscat to Zanzibar. (2mks) 2012: - Give the main reason why a Kenyan citizen should
- State five reasons for the Portuguese success in obey the law. (1mrk) URBANIZATION
the conquest of the Kenyan coast. (5mks) 2013: - Give three conditions that a person should meet to 2018. - State two natural factors that were responsible for
- Explain five social effects of the Indian Ocean Trade qualify to be a Kenyan citizen by birth (3mks). the rise of Nairobi as an urban Centre. (2mks)
on the people of the Kenyan coast up to 1500 AD. 2014: - Give one economic responsibility of a Kenyan citizen. (1mrk)
2016: - Identify two foreign powers that took control of the 2015: no questions from this topic.
Kenyan Coast during the I9th Century. (2mks) 2016: - Give one economic duty of a Kenyan citizen. (1mrk).
- Which factor influenced Seyyid Said to develop 2017: - State two conditions which one must fulfil in order to CONSTITUTION AND CONSTITUTION MAKING
agriculture in Zanzibar during the 16th Century? (2mks) get Kenyan citizenship by registration. (2mks) 1996: - Which provision in the Kenya constitution protects the
2017: - State two factors which enabled the Arabs to sail 2018: -Highlight one way of becoming a citizen in Kenya. (1mrk) wealth of individuals in the country? (1mk)
from Oman to the Kenyan Coast. (2mks) 2019 - Give one advantage of dual citizenship to a Kenyan. (1mrk) - Describe the main provisions of the independence
2018: - Give five reasons that led to the coming of the Arabs 2021: - Name the document which contains the Bill of Rights constitution of Kenya. (3mks)
to the Kenyan Coast. (5mks) for Kenyan citizens. (2mks) 1998: - Describe the constitutional amendments which took
- Explain five effects of Christian missionary activities 2022: - State main purpose of the Bill of Rights in Kenya. (1mk) place in Kenya between 1964 and 1992. (12mks)
in Kenya. (10mks) 2023: - State two categories of people who may qualify for 2000: - State one way in which the Kenya constitution promotes
2019: - Outline three factors that enabled the early visitors to registration as Kenyan Citizens. (2mks) national unity. (1mrk)
come to the East African Coast before 1500 AD. (3mks) 2024: - Highlight five responsibilities of a citizen of Kenya. (5mks) - What were the three features of the independence
- Explain six effects of the Indian Ocean Trade on the constitution of Kenya? (3mks)
East African Coastal inhabitants before 1500 AD 2003: - State two provisions of the independence constitution
2020: - Give one reason for the coming of the Arabs to the NATIONAL INTERGRATION of Kenya. (2mks)
Kenyan Coast before 1500 AD. (1mrk) 2006: - Name the type of constitution used in Kenya (1mk)
1996: Explain six factors which have promoted national unity
- Give two commodities obtained from the Kenyan Coast 2008: - Identify five requirements in the constitution making
in Kenya since 1963. (12mks)
during the Long Distance Trade. (2mks) process. (5mks)

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 - Describe five features of the Independence Constitution the Constitution of Kenya. (1mk) most parts of Kenya? (3mks)
of Kenya. (10mks) - Name two types of democracy. (2mks) 2006: - What were the activities of the imperial British East Africa
2010: - Give three reasons why the constitution is important - Explain five functions of the Kenya National Commission company (IBEA Co) Between 1888 and 1895? (5mks)
in Kenya. (3mks) on Human Rights. (10mks) - Why did imperial British East Africa Company (IBEA co.)
2014: - State five decisions reached at after the first Lancaster rule come to an end in 1895? (10mks)
House Conference of 1960. (5mks) - Give five political reasons that led to the colonization
- Describe five main features of the Constitution of ESTABLISHMENT OF COLONIAL RULE IN KENYA of Kenya by the British during the 19th century. (5mks)
Kenya. (10mks) 1996: - Name the company which administered Kenya on behalf 2007: - Apart from the Nandi, name two other communities
2015: No question tested on this topic. of the British government upto 1895. (1mrk) that resisted the establishment of colonial rule in Kenya.
2016: No question tested on this topic. - Give two reasons why the District Focus for Rural - State the main duty of the Governor during the British
2017: No question tested on this topic. Development was established in Kenya. (2mks) colonial rule in Kenya. (1mk)
2018. - Give two types of constitutions. (2mks) - Outline five reasons why the Nandi resisted the imposition 2008: - State two causes of the Agiriama resistance to the
- Discuss six features of the Constitution of Kenya of British colonial rule over their territory. (5mks) establishment of colonial rule in Kenya. (2mks)
(2010). (12mks) - Discuss the factors which led to the defeat on the Nandi 2009: - Identify two communities which resisted the British
2021: - Identify the type of constitution that is used in Kenya. (1mk resistance by the British colonial rule over their territory. Occupation of Kenya. (2mks)
2022: - Highlight five features of the independence Constitution (10mks) - Give three causes of the Somali resistance to the
th
of Kenya. (10mks). 1997: - Give the main reasons why the British were able to British rule in Kenya during the 19 century. (3mks)
- Identify one House of parliament created by the conquer Kenya during the nineteenth century. (1mrk) - Explain six negative effects of British colonial on the
independence constitution. (1mk) - State two reasons why Britain used the Imperial British people of Kenya (12mks)
East Africa Company to administer her possessions. (2mks) 2010: - State three socio-economic reasons why Britain colonized
- Why did the British become interested in establishing Kenya in the 19th Century. (3mks)
their control over Kenya during the second half of the 2011: - Explain six results of the Nandi resistance against
DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS
nineteenth century? (6mks) British occupation. (12mks)
1997: - State one fundamental right of the individual which
- Explain why some African communities resisted the 2012: - State five causes of the Nandi resistance against the
a person in prison is deprived. (2mks)
establishment of British rule in Kenya. (6mks) British invasion. (5mks)
2001: - Identify the main reason why suspected criminals
1998: - Give two reasons why the Agiriama were opposed to - Explain five effects of the Maasai collaboration with
are tried in a court of law. (1mrk)
British Colonial rule. (2mks) the British in the early 20th Century. (10mks)
2002: - Explain six ways in which the Bill of Rights protests
- State two terms of the Anglo- German Agreement of 2013: - Give two reasons why the British used the Imperial
the rights of the individual. (12mks)
1886. (2mks) British East African Company (I.B.E.A.C.) to administer
2006: - What is direct democracy? (1mk)
- What factors facilitated the establishment of British its possessions in Kenya. (2mks)
- Identify two development rights of children (2mks)
control over Kenya during the nineteenth century? (5mks) - Identify two ways in which the results of the
- Name the document which contains the rights of citizens
- Explain why the Nandi were able to sustain their collaboration of the Maasai with British was similar
in Kenya (1mk)
resistance against the British for a long time. (10mks) to that of the Wanga. (2mks)
- Explain the right to an accused person during trial in a
1999: - Give two reasons why the British allowed the imperial 2014: - State three methods used by the British to establish
court of law in Kenya (10mks)
British East Africa Company to administer their possession colonial rule in Kenya. (3mks)
2010: - Give one type of human rights. (1mrk)
in East Africa during the nineteenth century. (2mks) - Explain six problems experienced by the I BEACo to
2011: - Name the document which contains the rights of the
- State two ways in which the Wanga Kingdom benefited establish colonial rule in Kenya. (12mks)
ch i ld in Kenya. (1mks)
from the collaboration between Nabongo Mumia and 2016: - Identify five causes of the Nandi resistance against
2012: - State two advantages of representative democracy. (2mks)
the British during the scramble. (2mks) British invasion in Kenya. (5mks)
- Give three circumstances in which one's right to life
2000: - Describe five results of the collaboration between Mumia - Explain five results of the Maasai collaboration with
may be taken away. (3mks)
of the Wanga and the British? (5mks) the British in the early 20th Century. (10mks)
- Explain six reasons why it is important to respect
- Explain five reasons why Britain was interested in - Outline three reasons of Somali resistance against
Human Rights. (12mks)
establishing control over Kenya during the European the British rule in Kenya in the 19th Century. (3mks)
2013: - Explain six social rights of an individual in Kenya. (12mks)
scramble for East Africa. (10mks) - Describe six negative effects of British colonial rule
2014. - Give five reasons why human rights are important. (5mks)
2001: - Identify two ways in which the Maasai benefited from on the people of Kenya. (12mks).
- Explain five functions of the Kenya National Commission
their collaboration with the British. (2mks) 2017: - Give two similar effects of the Maasai and Wanga
on Human Rights. (10mks).
2002: - Give two reasons why Nabongo Mumia collaborated collaboration with the British. (2mks)
2015: - State two ways in which direct democracy is exercised
with the British. (2mks) 2018: - Name the leader of the Wanga who collaborated with
in Kenya. (2mks)
- What economic reasons encouraged the British to colonize the British. (1mrk)
2016: - State the meaning of "Direct democracy". (1mk)
Kenya during the nineteenth century? (3mks) - Explain five factors responsible for’ the Agiryama
- Describe the rights of an accused person in a court of
2003: - Give five reasons why Britain colonized Kenya. (5mks) resistance to the British rule in Kenya. (10mks)
law during trial in Kenya. (10mks).
- Explain why Kenyan communities were defeated by - Mention two methods which were used by the British
2017: - Identify the main disadvantage of democracy. (1mrk)
the British during the establishment of colonial rule. (10mks to establish their rule in Kenya. (2mks)
- State two ways in which the Bill of Rights promotes
2004: - Give two methods used by Europeans to acquire 2019 - Explain six results of collaboration between Lenana
the interest of youth in Kenya. (2mks)
territories in Kenya during the 19th century. (2mks) and the British. (12mks).
2018: - State two types of democracy. (2mks)
- Why did the Nandi resist British invasion of their 2020: - Outline two ways through which African communities
2019: - Identify one minority group whose rights were protected
territory between 1896 – 1905? (5mks) in Kenya responded to the British colonization. (2mks)
by the Constitution of Kenya at independence. (1mrk)
- Explain five factors which enabled the Nandi to resist 2021: - State two causes of the Bukusu resistance against
- Outline two advantages of indirect democracy as
British invasion for a long time. (10mks) the British. (2mks)
practiced in Kenya. (2mks)
2005: - State two problems which the imperial British East 2021: - Discuss five factors which led to the collapse of the
- Give the type of human right which is violated if a
African Company had in the administration of the Imperial British East African Company (IBEAC) in 1894. (10
person is unlawfully detained. (1 mark)
protectorate. (2mks) 2022: - Highlight two methods which were used by the British
2021: - Identify five categories of special groups of people whose
- Name the treaty which marked the colonial spheres of to establish colonial rule in Kenya. (2mks)
rights are enshrined in the Constitution of Kenya. (5mks)
influence in East Africa in 1886. (1mrk) - Outline five factors which enabled the Nandi to resist
2022: - State two rights of a child contained in the Constitution
of Kenya. (2mks) - State three methods which were used by the British the British invasion for a long period. (5mks)
2024 - Outline one right of the youth which is enshrined in to establish their rule in Kenya. (3mks) - Explain five results of the collaboration between the
- Why did the British use direct rule in administering

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 British and the Wanga during the colonial period. (10mks) - Identify one method, which was used by the colonial land in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks)
2023: - Name the leader who led the Nandi resistance against administration to attract European settlers to Kenya.
the British invasion. (1mk) 2001: - State two ways in which the colonial government 2012: - Give the main reason why the colonial government
- Give two reasons why the Akamba collaborated with acquired land for the European settlers in Kenya. (2mks) created African reserves in Kenya. (1mk)
the British. (2mks) - Give two contributions of the independent schools - State five ways m which the construction of the
- Discuss six results of the Maasai collaboration with in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks) Kenya-Uganda railway promoted economic development
the British in Kenya. (12mks) 2002: - Identify one reason why Africans in Kenya were not in Kenya during the colonial period. (5mks)
2024: - Give the main method of administration used by the allowed to grow some cash crops before 1954. (1mk) - Explain five problems encountered during the
British in Kenya. (1mk) - State one result of the establishment of independent construction of the Kenya-Uganda railway. (10mks)
in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks) 2013: - Give one way in which the construction of the Uganda
- Identify two negative consequences of urbanization railway speeded up the colonization of Kenya. (1mk)
COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION IN KENYA,
in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks). - Give five factors that influenced the location of urban
1999: - Identify one institution which advised the government - Explain six ways through which the colonial government centres in Kenya during the colonial period. (5mks)
in Kenya in the administration of the colony during the promoted settler farming. (12mks) - Explain five factors which led to the migration of Africans
early twentieth century (1mrk) 2003: - State two ways in which the colonial land policies in to the urban areas in Kenya during the colonial period. (10
Kenya undermined African farming. (2mks) 2014: - Give three reasons Why Africans Were put in reserves
2006: - Identify one method used by the British to administer
- Give two reasons why independent schools were during the colonial period. (3mks)
Kenya colony between 1920 and 1963. (1mrk)
established in Kenya. (2mks) - Explain six problems faced by Africans working for the
2011: - Identity three methods used by the British to establish
2004: - Identify the main feature of the system of education European settlers during the colonial period. (12mks).
their rule in Kenya. (3mks)
in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks) 2015: - Identify two education commissions established in
2015: - Give one reason Why the British used indirect rule
- Identify one way through which colonial lands policies Kenya before independence. (2mks)
in some parts of Kenya. (1mrk) promoted settler agriculture in Kenya. (1mk) - Name the body that made laws in Kenya during the
2017: - Identify the main reason why the local government
2005: - State two grievances of the Kikuyu Central Association colonial period. (1mk)
was established in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mrk)
(K.C.A) against the colonial government in Kenya. (2mks) - Give five reasons for the construction of the Uganda
2018: - Identify five roles of chiefs during the colonial period - What were the main results of the Devonshire White railway. (5mks)
in Kenya. (5mks) Paper of 1923? (1mk) - Explain five problems encountered during the construction
2019: - Give three reasons why the British used direct rule
- What were the reason for the construction of the of the Uganda railway. (10mks)
in Kenya. (3mks) Kenya- Uganda railway during the colonial period? (3mks) 2016: - State two features of African farming in Kenya during the
2022: - Give five levels of colonial administration in Kenya. (5mks)
- Explain six effects of the construction of the Kenya- colonial period.
Uganda railway during the colonial period? (3mks) 2017: Give one reason why the government encouraged settlers
2023: - Who was the head of the executive arm of government 2006: - State two ways through which Europeans settlers’ in to come to Kenya during the colonial period.
in Kenya during the colonial period? (1mk) Kenya were able to get labour force during the colonial - Give five reasons for the construction of the Uganda
Period. (2mks) railway. (5mks)
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS DURING THE - State five problems that faced the early political - Explain five problems encountered during the
COLONIAL PERIOD IN KENYA organizations in Kenya up to 1939. (5mks) construction of the Uganda railway. (10mks)
1996: - Identify two factors which enabled the white settlers to - Explain the role played by women in the struggle for 2018: - Discuss five reasons that led to the emergence of
establish farms in the Kenya Highlands during the independence in Kenya. (10mks) independent churches and schools in Kenya during
colonial period. (2mks) - What factors enabled Christian Missionaries to carry the colonial period. (10mks).
- Give two factors which led to the establishment of out their activities in Kenya by 1920? (10mks) 2019: - Outline three reasons why African reserves were
urban centres in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks) 2007: - Identify two features of African farming in Kenya created in Kenya during the colonial period. (3mks)
- State two results of the development of railway during the colonial period. (2mks) - Explain six ways in which the construction of the Uganda
transport in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks) - Give reasons why the British colonial government Railway promoted economic development in Kenya(12mks)
1997: - State two ways through which the construction of encouraged Europeans to settle Kenya by 1939. (3mks) 2020: - Highlight five reasons why settler farming was
the Uganda railway contributed to the development of - Explain the effects of land alienation in Kenya during encouraged in Kenya during the colonial period. (5mrks)
settler farming in Kenya. (2mks) the colonial period. (12mks) - Discuss five consequences of colonial land policies in
- Give one reason why Africans were denied equal 2008: - Give two reasons why Africans in Kenya moved to Kenya. (10mks).
educational opportunities with other races during the towns during the colonial period. (2mks) 2021: - Identify the commission that recommended cost-sharing
colonial period. (1mk) - State one grievance raised by the Asians in Kenya that in education sector in Kenya. (1mk)
1998: - Give one reason why the British colonial government was addressed by the Devonshire White Paper. (1mk) 2022: - Identify one feature of the education provided by the
encouraged while settlers to come to Kenya. (1mk) - State two problems faced by independent schools missionaries in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
- Give one reason for the establishment of independent established by Africans during the colonial period. (2mks) - Discuss five problems faced by the workers during
churches in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk) - State three reasons which made the British government the construction of the Uganda Railway. (10mks)
- Identify two reasons why Africans migrated to urban encourage white settlement in Kenya during the colonial 2024: - Name the commission that created boundaries of the
centers during the colonial period. (2mks) period. (3mks)
White highlands in Kenya. (1mk)
1999: - Give two reasons why the Uganda railway was built (2mks) - Describe six problems experienced by the European settlers
- Why did Africans start independent schools in Kenya in Kenya during the colonial period. (12mks)
during the colonial period? (2mks) 2009: - Give the main reason why poll tax was introduced in POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND THE STRUGGLE FOR
2000: - State two ways in which the introduction of Christianity Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk) INDEPENDENCE IN KENYA (1919 -1963)
undermined African culture in Kenya. (2mks) - Why did the colonial government deny the Africans 1996: - Give two factors which led to the establishment of
- Identify one method which was used by the colonial the right to grow cash crops in Kenya before 1954? (3mks) urban centres in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks)
administration to attract European settlers to Kenya. (1mk) - Explain six problems faced by Africans by Africans in urban - Identify two ways in which the trade union movement
- Give two ways through which the colonial government centres during the colonial period in Kenya. (12mks) contributed to the struggle for independence in Kenya. (2)
controlled the migration of Africans to urban centers (2mks) 2010: State two characteristics of independent churches in Kenya - Name two African nationalist parties whose leaders
- State two objectives of education offered by the during the colonial period. (2mks) attended the Lancaster House Conference. (2mks)
missionaries in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks) 2011: - Identify two economic benefits of the Kenya-Uganda 1997: - State two recommendations of the Lyttleton Constitution
- Identify one problem which independent schools faced railway during the colonial period. (2mks) of 1954. (2mks)
during the colonial period. (1mk) - G i v e two ways through which the white settlers acquired - What was the main ideological difference between KANU

Max-Mint History Revision Booklet – 0711 243 175

 and KADU before independence in 1963? (1mrk) between 1920- 1939? (5mks) 2012: What was the main reason for the formation of Kenya African
- What grievances did the African Nationalists have - Explain five methods used by African nationalists’ in Democratic Union in 1960?
against the colonial government in Kenya up to Kenya in their struggle for independence. (10mks) - Give five grievances of Kikuyu Central Association which
1945? (3mks) 2005: - Name Two African leaders who were detained in 1952 were presented by Jomo Kenyatta to the Colonial
- Explain the political developments which hastened the at the declaration of a state of emergency. (2mks) Secretary in 1929. (5mks)
achievement of independence in Kenya between 1945 - Describe the organization of the Central Government 2013: - Give the main political contribution of Christian
and 1963? (3mks) in Kenya during the colonial period. (12mks) Missionaries in Kenya during the struggle for
1998: - What was the main reason for the formation of the 2006: - Name two political parties which were formed in Kenya independence upto 1939. (1mk)
Ukamba members Association? (1mk) between 1960 and 1963 (2mks) - Name the first African to be appointed as minister in
- Why was the nomination of Eliud Mathu to the 2007: - State one reason why the colonial government Kenya by the colonial government. (1mk)
legislative council important? (1mk) established Local Native Councils in Kenya in 1924. (1mk) - State the main result of the Lyttleton Constitutional
- Give the main reason why African nationalists in Kenya - State one recommendation of the Lennox-Boyd amendment of 1954. (1mrk)
formed the Kenya African democratic union (KADU) constitution regarding the legislative Council in Kenya(1mk) - Identify the leader who stepped down as the president
in 1960. (1mk) - Identify five methods that the colonial government used to of Kenya African Union for Jomo Kenyatta. (1mrk)
- What factors undermined African nationalist activities discourage the activities of the Mau Mau movement in - Give five factors that undermined the activities of the
in Kenya between 1939 and 1963? (7mks) Kenya. (5mks) Kenya African Union in the struggle for independence. (5mks)
- Describe the role which African elected members of - Explain five reasons why the Mau Mau movement was - Describe five political roles played by the African
parliament played in the struggle for independence able to last for a long time. (10mks) elected members of parliament during the struggle
upto 1963. (8mks) - Give three reasons that can make the parliament in for independence in Kenya. (10mks)
1999: - State two features of the political organizations which Kenya to be dissolved. (3mks) 2014: - State two similar grievances of the Taita Hills Association
were formed in Kenya before 1939. (2mks) - Explain six functions of the National assembly in and the Ukamba Members Association to the colonial
- Give one reason why Africans who lived in towns Kenya. (12mks) government. (2mks).
formed social welfare organizations during the colonial - Apart from the High Court, identify five other types of - Outline two ways in which the ex-soldiers of the Second
period. (1mk) Courts in Kenya. (5mks) World War contributed to the struggle for independence in
- In what way did the Lennox – Boyd constitution - Why should there be separation of powers between Kenya.
contribute to the constitutional changes that led to the Legislature, Executive in Kenya? (1mk) - State five decisions reached after the first Lancaster House
the attainment of independence in Kenya? (1mk) - State five functions of the Kenya police. (5mks) conference of 1960
- Explain the contribution Ronald Gideon Ngala to the 2008: - State two problems faced by independent schools 2015 - Outline two problems experienced by political
struggle for independence in Kenya (10mks) established by Africans during the colonial period. associations in Kenya up to 1939. (2mks)
2000: - State one feature of the political Associations that - Identify three trade unions which joined to form the - State five factors that facilitated the Mau Mau movement.
were formed in Kenya between 1920 and 1939. (1mk) Kenya Federation of Labour during the struggle for - Explain five roles played by the trade union movement in
- What five roles did the Kenya African Union (KAU) play independence in Kenya. (3mks) the struggle for independence in Kenya.
in promoting nationalist struggle in Kenya between - Explain the role played by trade unions to improve 2016: - What was the main reason why the second Lancaster
1944 and 1953? (5mks) the lives of the people of Kenya during the colonial House Conference was held in 1962?
- Explain five constitutional changes which took place in period. (12mks) - Outline five grievances expressed by the Kikuyu Central
Kenya between 1954 and 1963. (10mks) 2009: - Who was the chairman of the East African Association Association and presented by Jomo Kenyatta to the Colonial
2001: - State two duties of the British Governor in Kenya during the colonial period in Kenya? (1mk) Secretary in 1929.
during the colonial period. (2mks) - Name the first African to be nominated to the legislative 2017: - State one reason why the Africans in Kenya started
- Give two ways in which the trade union movement Council in 1944 in Kenya. (1mk) independent schools during the colonial period.
contributed to nationalist struggle in Kenya. (2mks) - Identify two methods used by trade unionists to demand - Give five early political organizations formed in Kenya
- State one reason why the 1957 elections are important for their rights during the colonial period (2mks) up to 1939. (5mks)
in the history of Kenya. (1mk) - State the main reason why the second Lancaster - Explain 5 factors that promoted the growth of African
- Describe five common characteristics of the political House Conference was held in 1962 (1mk) nationalism between 1945 and 1963
parties which were formed in Kenya after 1945. (5mks) - State two roles played by the Kenya African Democratic 2018: State the importance of Eliud Mathu in the history of Kenya.
- Explain five roles of the political parties in the struggle Union in the struggle for independence in Kenya. (2mks) - Discuss five reasons that led to the emergence of
for independence in Kenya between 1945 and 1963. (10mks 2010: - State two characteristics of Independent Churches in Kenya independent churches and schools in Kenya during
2002: - State two reasons why the Taita Hill Association was during the colonial period. the colonial period. (10mks)
formed in 1939. (2mks) - Identify the constitutional change that increased the number 2019: - State two demands of the African Elected Members’
- What major reforms resulted from the Lyttelton of African members to the legislative council in Kenya in 1957. Organization (AEMO) presented to the Colonial Secretary
Constitution of 1954 in Kenya? (3mks) - Identify one Asian who took part in the struggle for independence in 1957. (2mks)
2003: - State two demands the Kenya African Union (KAU) in Kenya. (1mrk) 2020: - Outline the main grievance of the Ukamba Members
made to the colonial government in 1952. (2mks) - Name one African political party whose leaders attended Association against the colonial government in Kenya. (2)
- Describe five demands made by trade unionists in the 2nd Lancaster House Conference in 1962. (1mrk) 2021: Name the political party that led Kenya to Independence.
Kenya during the colonial period. (5mks) - Explain six factors that contributed to the formation of - State five characteristics of independent churches during
- Explain the contribution of the trade union movement political associations in Kenya before 1939. (12mks) the colonial period in Kenya. (2mks)
in the struggle for independence in Kenya. (10mks) 2011: - State two problems faced by trade union movement - Explain five roles played by women in the Mau Mau
2004: - State one role of the civilians during the struggle for during the colonial period in Kenya. (2mks) liberation movement in Kenya.
independence in Kenya. (1mk) - State one change introduced by the Lytleton Constitution - Explain five challenges faced by African political
- Give two roles of welfare organizations in Kenya during of 1954 that benefited the Africans in the struggle organizations in Kenya up to 1939. (12mks)
the colonial period. (2mks) for independence. (1mk) - Name the political party that led Kenya to independence.
- Give the main reason why KANU refused to form a - Give one member of the AEMO at its inception in 1957 (1mk) 2022: - Name the first African to be appointed a minister in
government after the 1961 election. (1mk) - State five demands made by the East African Association Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
- Why was the independent constitution of 1963 known (EAA) to the British Colonial Government in Kenya. (5mks) - Highlight two similar demands of the Ukamba Members
as a Majimbo constitution? (1mk) - Explain five factors that promoted the rise of African Association and Taita Hills Association. (2mks)
- State two demands made by the African Elected nationalism in Kenya after 1945. (10mks) - Give one reason why African trade unions were not
Members organization (AEMO) in 1957. (2mks) - What was the main reason for the formation of Kenya in existence in Kenya before 1914. (1mk)
- Why were Africans opposed to the British colonial rule African Democratic Union in 1960? (1mk) - Give five achievements of the early political associations

Max-Mint History Revision Booklet – 0711 243 175

 in Kenya up to 1939. (5mks) - Describe the stages through which a bill passes before - What are the functions of the Attorney General in Kenya?
- Describe five factors for the Mau Mau uprising in Kenya. it becomes law. (12mks) 2006: - Name one reason why an aspiring candidate for a
2023: - Name the first Prime Minister of Kenya. (1mk) 1998: - State the main function of the Kenya Army. (1mk) parliamentary seat in Kenya must be nominated by
- Identify three African nationalists who were imprisoned - Give two reasons why the chief’s baraza is important apolitical party. (1mk)
at Kapenguria in 1952. (3mks) in Kenya. (2mks) - What five situations can make a registered voter to be
2024: - Give two reasons for the formation of the Taita Hills - How does the Kenya Government ensure that the denied the right to vote in Kenya. (5mks)
Association. (2mks) rule of law is upheld in the country? (3mks) - What is the composition of the executive Arm of
- State two characteristics of the trade unions formed - Explain the role of the Electoral Commission of government in Kenya. (10mks)
in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks Kenya (10mks) - Describe six functions of the Civil Service in Kenya (12mks)
- State the main reason why the Kenya African Democratic - Describe the factors that are likely to interfere with - What are the units of the Kenya Police Force? (5mks)
Union was formed in1960. (1mk) free and fair elections in Kenya (8mks) - Explain five factors that make it difficult for the prison
1999: - What is the difference between a civil and a criminal department in Kenyan to work effectively. (10mks)
dispute? (1mk) 2007: - Who gives assent to a parliamentary bill before it
- State two functions of Prison in Kenya. (2mks) becomes law in Kenya? (1mk)
- What actions do police officers in Kenya take from - Give three reason that can make the parliament in Kenya
LIVES AND CONTRIBUTIONS OF KENYAN LEADERS the time an offence is committed up to the time to be dissolved.
judgment is passed? (5mks) - Explain six functions of the speaker of the National
1997: - State two main roles that Thomas J. Mboya played in
- Explain five factors which undermine the work of Assembly in Kenya.
the Kenya African Union (KAU) (2mks)
the police force in Kenya (10mks) - A part from the High Court identify five other types of
- Explain the contribution Ronald Gideon Ngala to the
2000: - What is the main role of the Attorney General as an courts in Kenya.
struggle for independence in Kenya.
Ex- officio member of parliament of Kenya? (1mk) - Why should there be separation of powers between
2002: - Explain six ways through which Thomas Joseph Mboya
- Explain six powers that the constitution of Kenya Legislature, Executive and Judiciary in Kenya.
contributed to the struggle for independence in Kenya. (12)
gives to the president. (12mks) - State five functions of the Kenya Police.
2005: - Explain six ways through which Ronald Ngala
- Describe the process of electing the speaker of the 2008: - Give one way through which parliamentary supremacy
contributed to the struggle for independence in Kenya. (12)
National Assembly of Kenya. (3mks) in Kenya can be limited. (1mk)
2008: - Explain six difficulties Jomo Kenyatta faced after
- Explain six reasons why parliament is an important - Give one House Committee of parliament which deals
becoming the President of Kenya. (12mks)
institution in Kenya. (12mks) with government financial matters. (1mk)
2011: - What was the main contribution of Thomas Joseph
- Describe three ways in which the judiciary ensures - State two ways in which the rule of law is applied
Mboya to the history of Kenya? (1mk)
fairness in the administration of justice in Kenya? (3mks) in Kenya. (2mks)
2012: - Describe five roles played by Thomas Joseph Mboya
- Explain six factors that may undermine the administration - Who is the head of Judiciary in Kenya? (1mk)
in the development of trade union movement in Kenya. (10)
of justice in Kenya (12mks) - Identify three parliamentary duties of the President
2014: - What was the main contribution of Prof. Wangari
2001: - Which organization is responsible for co-ordination of in Kenya. (3mks)
Maathai to the development of Kenya? (1mk)
parliament elections in Kenya? (1mk) - Identify five functions of the traffic police in Kenya. (5mks)
2015: no question tested.
- Give one function of the prisons department in Kenya. (1mk - Describe five measures that have been introduced to
2016: - Explain the role played by Thomas Joseph Mboya in
- Describe the composition of parliament in Kenya. (3mks) improve the work of the police in Kenya. (10mks)
the development of trade union movement in Kenya. (10)
- Explain six function of the speaker of the National 2009: - Name the unit of the police department which is
2017 no question tested.
Assemble in Kenya. (12mks) responsible for maintaining law and order at the
2018: - State the importance of Eliud Mathu in the history of
- Describe the functions of the police force in Kenya. (7mks) chief’s office. (1mk)
Kenya. (1mrk)
- What factors hinder the Kenya Police from performing - Who appoints the Head of the Civil Service in Kenya? (1mk)
- Give five political contributions by Ronald Ngala. (5mks)
their duties effectively? (8mks) 2010: - Give two special courts in Kenya. (2mks)
2019: - Identify three political organisations that Ronald
- What are the stages brought which a bill passes before - State two duties of the leader of Government Business in
Ngala worked with in his political career. (3mks)
it becomes law in Kenya? (5mks) parliament in Kenya. (2mks)
- Discuss six contributions of Professor Wangari Maathai
2002: - Who chairs cabinet meetings in Kenya? (1mk) - Describe five functions of the president of the Republic
in the politics of Kenya. (12mks)
- Give the main functions of the Prisons Department of Kenya. (10mks)
2021. No question tested.
in Kenya (1mk) - Explain six factors that may undermine the
2022: - Highlight the main contribution of Wangari Maathai
- Describe the structure of the court system in Kenya. (5mks) administration of justice in Kenya. ( 12mks)
to the development of Kenya. (1mk)
- Explain the functions of the high court in Kenya (3mks) 2011: - State the main function of parliament in Kenya. (1mk)
- Identify the political party that was formed by Oginga
- Describe the process of preparing a bill before it is - Give three reasons why general elections are important in
Odinga in 1966. (1mk)
taken to parliament for debate (3mks) Kenya.
2023: - Name two books which were authored by the first
2003: - Give one way in which a person may become a member - Explain six functions of the body in charge of elections in
president of Kenya, Jomo Kenyatta. (2mKs)
of parliament in Kenya. (1mk) Kenya.
- Give two factors which may undermine the effectiveness 2012: - Name the administrative head of the Kenyan Parliament.
of the traffic police in Kenya. (2mks) - State the main function of the prisons department in Kenya.
- What is the composition of the cabinet in Kenya? (3mks) - Give the composition of the Judicial Service Commission
FORMATION STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE - Explain six functions of the cabinet in Kenya. (12mks) in Kenya. (5mks)
GOVERNMENT OF KENYA 2004: - Give one function of the judiciary in Kenya. (1mk) - Describe five ways through which the independence
1996: - What are the constitutional duties of the president of - Why are general election conducted in Kenya every of the Judiciary is guaranteed in Kenya. (10mks)
Kenya? (3mks) five years. (3mks) - Name the three categories of the Kenya Defense Forces.
- State three functions of the police force in Kenya. (3mks) - Describe the circumstances which may lead to - Explain six challenges faced by the Kenya Police
- Identify three functions of the Attorney General of by – election in Kenya. (2mks) Service in the course of discharging their duties. (12mks)
Kenya. (3mks) - What are the functions of the Armed Forces in Kenya? (5mk 2013: - State two ways in which the National Accord and
- Describe the structure of the court system in Kenya. - Explain five ways of criminal activities in Kenya. (10mks) Reconciliation Act, 2008 affected the composition
(12mks) 2005: - What is the main function of the Civil Service in Kenya. (1) of the government in Kenya. (2mks)
1997: - Identify three situations which may lead to a by – election - Give one reason why parliament is regarded as supreme - State three qualifications for a person to be eligible
in Kenya. (3mks) in Kenya. (1mk) for election as a member of the National Assembly
- Why are parliamentary elections held regularly in - Give one way in which the constitution of Kenya in Kenya. (3mks)
Kenya? (3mks) guarantees the rule of law. (1mk) - Explain six functions of the Independent Electoral

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 and Boundaries Commission of Kenya. (12mks) - Discuss six functions of the Kenya Police Service. philosophy in Kenya. (2mks)
2014: - State two functions of the Supreme Court in Kenya. (2mks) 2022: - Give two categories of members of the National Assembly - Give two features of the African Socialism in Kenya. (2mks)
- Give two qualifications that a person must fulfill in in Kenya. (2mks)
order to be allowed to register as a voter in Kenya. (2mks) - Identify five elective positions.in a general election
- State two functions of the secretary to the cabinet in Kenya. (5mks) SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
in Kenya. (2mks) - Discuss limitations of Parliamentary supremacy in Kenya. AND CHALLENGES IN KENYA SINCE INDEPENDENCE
- Name the two branches of the national police service 1996: - What is the main function of opposition parties’ in
(10mks)
in Kenya. (2mks) Kenya? (1mk)
- State five qualifications of a presidential candidate in - Explain six functions of the President of the Republic of
Kenya. (12mks) - What three factors have facilitated the formation of
Kenya. (5mks) many political parties in Kenya since 1991? (3mks)
- Explain five functions of the National Assembly 2023: - Name and state one role of the officer in-charge of
administration in the National Assembly in Kenya. (1mk) - Explain six changes which have taken place in Kenya
in Kenya. (10mks) as a result of the introduction of multi-party
- Apart from the Kadhi's Court, name two other subordinate
2015: - Give one type of parliamentary election held in Kenya. (1) democracy since 1991? (12mks)
courts in Kenya. (2mks)
- Name one ex-official member of the Senate in Kenya. (1) 1997: - State two ways thought which the government
- Outline two qualifications for a person to be appointed
- State three functions of the Chief Justice in Kenya. (3) controls parastatals. (2mks)
- Explain six problems facing Judiciary in Kenya. (12mks) as a Commissioner of the independent Electoral and
Boundaries Commission of Kenya. (2mks) - Identify two causes of division within the opposition
2016: - Who is the administrative head of Parliament in Kenya? (1) political parties in Kenya since1992. (2mks)
- Identify the police department responsible for - State three roles of a Presiding Officer during a General
election in Kenya. (3mks) - Explain the role of opposition parties in government
maintaining law and order. (1mk) and nation building (10mks)
- Identify five circumstances that can make a registered - Explain six functions of the High Court of Kenya. (12mks)
- Give the composition of the Supreme Court of Kenya. 1999: - What are the benefits of the policy of District Focus
voter be denied the right to vote in Kenya. (5mks) for Rural Development in Kenya? (5mks)
- Describe the rights of an accused person in a court (5mks)
2024: - Outline two functions of the Attorney General in Kenya. 2000: - What main factor led to the split of the Forum for
of law during trial in Kenya. (10mks) the Restoration of democracy (FORD) party in 1992? (1mk)
(2mks)
- Name five types of courts in Kenya. (5mks) 2001: - What major political change was introduced during the
- Explain the importance of separation of powers - Give the composition of the executive arm of the
National Government of Kenya. (5mks) Limuru Conference of 1966? (1mk)
between the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary in - In what five ways has the government attempted to
Kenya. (10mks) - Explain six advantages of parliamentary supremacy
in Kenya. (10mks) preserve cultural heritage in Kenya since independence?
- Give the three categories of the Kenya Defense Forces. (3) - Explain the role which the co-operative movement has
- Explain six challenges encountered by the Kenya played in promoting national development in Kenya
Police Service in the course of discharging their duties. (12) since 1963. (10mks)
2017: - Identify the main voting system used in Kenya during the NATIONAL PHILOSOPHIES (KENYA)
2002: - Give the main role opposition parties in Kenya. (1mk)
general elections. 1998: - Identify two national philosophies which have
- What factors led to the development of multi-party
- Outline one function of the speaker of the County Assembly been used in Kenya since the attainment of independence.
democracy in Kenya in the early 1990’s.
in Kenya. 2002: - Identify two national philosophies used as development
- Explain how the existence of many parties had promoted
- Outline three qualifications for a person to contest for strategies in Kenya (2mks)
democracy in Kenya.
Presidency in Kenya. (3mks) 2003: - State one contribution of the ‘Harambee’ movement
2003: - Give two reasons why the district focus for Rural
- Discuss six functions of the Cabinet in Kenya. (12mks) to the development of health services in Kenya. (1mk)
development was adopted as a development strategy
2018: - Who is the administrative head of the Parliamentary 2006: - Identify one national philosophy adopted at independence
in Kenya. (2mks)
Service Commission? (1mk) to promote social justice in Kenya (1mk)
- What factors led to the development of multi- party
- Give one category of elected members of the National 2008: - State five reasons why the government of Kenya
democracy in Kenya in the early 1990’s? (3mks)
Assembly in Kenya. (1mk) adopted the Sessional Paper No. 10 of 1965. (5mks)
- Explain how the existence of many parties has
- Name three categories of members who make up a - Explain the social effects of the national philosophies
promoted democracy in Kenya. (12mks)
County Assembly in Kenya. (3mks) on development in Kenya. (10mks)
2004: - Identify two political events which threatened the
- Explain six functions of retuning officers in a general 2009: - Identify two characteristics of African Socialism that
stability of Kenya between 1975 and 1978. (2mks)
election in Kenya. (2mks) promote national development in Kenya. (2mks)
- State two problems that the co-operative movement
- State three reasons why the independence of the 2013: - State two ways in which the Harambee spirit promotes
in Kenya has faced since independence. (2mks)
Judiciary is important in Kenya. (3mks) national unity in Kenya. (2mks).
- Discuss the factors that led to the introduction of
- Explain six factors that can interfere with free and fair 2014: - Give one reason for the adoption of Harambee strategy
many political parties in Kenya in 1992. (12mks)
elections in Kenya. (2mks) in Kenya after independence. (1mk)
2005: - State two contributions of parastatal to the economic
2019: - Outline two types of cases which are determined by 2015: - State one feature of African socialism in Kenya. (1mk)
development of Kenya. (2mks)
the Kadhis courts in Kenya. (2mks) 2016: - State one way through which the Harambee spirit
2006: - Give two reasons why corruption is being discouraged
- Give two reasons that may lead to the removal of a among Kenyans promotes national unity. (1mk)
in Kenya. (2mks)
County Governor from office in Kenya. (2mks) 2017: - Identify one type of ownership which is spelt out in the
2007: - Who was the first vice president of independent Kenya
- Identify One National Security organ of the Republic African Socialism adopted in Kenya after independence.
(1mk)
of Kenya. (1mk) - Outline five features of African Socialism in Kenya. (5mks)
- State two ways in which poor leadership affects
- Give five qualities of a good public servant in Kenya. (5) - Explain Five ways in which the harambee has promoted
sporting activities in Kenya. (2mks)
- Explain five functions of the civil service of the social development in Kenya since independence. (10mks)
2009: - Give two ways through which the government has
National Government of Kenya. (10mks) 2018: - Give two national philosophies in Kenya. (2mks)
encouraged the preservation of African Culture
2020: - Give three members of the Judicial Service Commission 2019: - Discuss five features of African Socialism which was
though music and dance. (2mks)
in Kenya. (3mks) adopted in Kenya after independence. (10mks)
2010: - Identify two Educational Commissions appointed by the
- Explain six reasons which can disqualify one from 2020: - Who authored the Sessional Paper No. 10 of 1965? (1mk)
government of independent Kenya to review the education
being elected as a Member of County Assembly. (12mks). - Besides peace and love, name the other pillar of Nyayoism
system. (2mks)
2021: Give two types of elections held in Kenya. 2021: - State one common political characteristic of the
- Give the main reason why the government of Kenya introduced
- Highlight two branches of the National Government of Kenya. National Philosophies in Kenya. (1mk)
the Constituency Development Fund (CDF). (1mk)
- State the composition of the cabinet in Kenya. - Give one reason for the adoption of African Socialism
- State two ways in which the government has promoted the
- Explain six functions of the National Assembly in Kenya. in Kenya. (1mk)
culture of the people of Kenya since independence. (2mks)
- Name the three branches of the Kenya Defense Forces. 2024: - State two factors that undermined the Harambee

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 - State three ways in which the government of Kenya - Discuss six political challenges experienced in Kenya 2007: - State one type of government expenditure in Kenya.(1mk)
facilitated the acquisition of land for Africans after 1963. (3) between 1980 and 1999. (12mks) 2008: - Give one reason why the government of Kenya
- Explain six challenges facing the agricultural sector in 2024: - Name the commission which was set up to streamline prepares a national budget. (1mk)
Kenya. (12mks) education in Kenya immediately after independence. (1mk) 2010: - Identify five stages in the preparation of the national budget.
2011: - What constitutional amendment made Kenya return - Explain why it is important for the Government to
to a multi-party state? (1mk) prepare the national budget annually. (10mks)
DEVOLUTION 2011: - Give two external sources of Government revenue
- Name the education commission that recommended the in Kenya. (2mks)
2013: - State three objectives of devolving the government
introduction of the 8:4:4 system of education in Kenya (1mk) 2012: - State two ways in which the Government of Kenya
of Kenya. (3mks)
2012: - Give the main reason why the Government of Kenya ensures effective utilization of public funds. (2mks)
- Explain six ways in which the County governments
introduced Free Primary Education in 2003. (1mk) - Give two disadvantages of Kenya's reliance on foreign
raise their revenue. (12mks).
- Explain five factors which have undermined the aid as a source of revenue. (2mks).
2015: - State three ways in which the National Government
provision of health services by the Government of 2014/8- Give the main function of the Commission on Revenue
relates with the County Governments. (3mks)
Kenya. (10Mks) Allocation in Kenya. (1mk).
- Explain six challenges faced by the County
2013: - State two ways through which the Savings and Credit 2015: - Identify one type of public revenue expenditure by the
Governments in Kenya. (12mks).
Co-operative Societies in Kenya benefit their members (2mk National Government of Kenya.
2017: - Give the composition of the County Assembly in Kenya. (3)
- State one way through which the opposition political 2019: - State five functions of the Controller of Budget of
2018: Give the composition of the County Assembly in Kenya.
parties in Kenya check on the Government's excesses. (1) the Government of Kenya. (5mks).
2019: - Give two reasons that may lead to the removal of a County
- Give the main challenge facing the Free Primary Education - Explain five ways in which the recurrent expenditure funds
Governor from office in Kenya.
programme since its introduction in 2003. (1mk) are used by the County governments in Kenya. (10mks)
- Explain six reasons which can disqualify one from being
2014: - Identify two types of land ownership in Kenya. (2mks) 2020: - Give two types of Government expenditure. (2mks)
elected as a Member of County Assembly in Kenya
- State three challenges that have undermined : - Discuss six reasons why the national government
- State three objectives of devolution of government in
government efforts to eradicate illiteracy in Kenya of Kenya prepares a budget. (12mks)
Kenya.
since independence. (3mks) 2021: - State two ways in which the National Government of Kenya
2020: - Identify the Chief Executive of a County Government
- Discuss six factors that have facilitated industrialization
in Kenya. (1mk) spends its recurrent expenditure.
in Kenya since independence. (12mks)
- Explain six reasons which can disqualify one from 2022: - State two ways in which the National Government of
2015: Give 3 factors that led to the introduction of multi-party
being elected as a Member of County Assembly in Kenya. spends its recurrent expenditure. (2mks)
democracy in Kenya in the early 1990.
- State three objectives of devolution of government - Identify three funds into which Government of Kenya
- Describe six achievements of multi-party democracy in
in Kenya. deposits its revenue. (3mks)
Kenya.
2021: - Give the three members of the Executive Committees
2016: - Give two negative effects of over reliance on foreign aid - Discuss six indirect taxes levied by the National
of County Governments in Kenya. (3mks).
for the country. Government of Kenya. (12mks)
- Discuss six functions of a County Governor in Kenya.
- State three challenges that hinder government effort to 2023: - Outline five principles of Public Finance in Kenya. (5mks)
2022: - Name the institution that makes laws at the County level.
eradicate illiteracy in Kenya. (3mks). - Describe five ways in which the National Government
- State three circumstances which may cause the office
- Describe six factors that have influenced industrialization of Kenya spends its revenue. (10mks)
of County Governor to become vacant. (5mks)
in Kenya since independence. (12mks). 2024: - Give one external source of revenue for the National
2017: - Name three groups which provides health services 2023: - State two principles of Devolved Government in Kenya.
Government. (1mk)
in Kenya. (3mks) (2mks)
- Explain six factors which have undermined government 2024: - Name one arm of the county Government in Kenya. (1mk)
effort in the provision of health services in Kenya. (12mks) - State three functions of the County Assemblies in Kenya
2018: Identify the political party formed in 1960 to champion the (5mks)
interest of minority group in Kenya? - Discuss six ways through which county governments
2019: - Give one classification of land ownership enshrined promote agriculture. (10mks)
in the Constitution of Kenya. (1mk)
- State two roles played by Theatre in nation building. (2mks
- Give the main reason why President Daniel Arap Moi GOVERNMENT REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
banned ethnic organizations 1979. 1996: - Identify one type of direct tax through which the
- State five economic challenges which Kenya was Kenya government raises its revenue. (1mk)
experiencing at independence. 1998: - Explain why the Kenya government prepares an
- Discuss five features of African Socialism which was adopted annual budget. (10mks)
in Kenya after independence. - What measures does the Kenya government take
2020: - Identify the education commission which recommended
the establishment of the 8-4-4 system of education in to ensure that public funds are properly used? (5mks)
Kenya. (1mk) 1999: - Name two major types of government expenditure(2mks)
- State five factors that led to the re-introduction of 2000: - Identify one main issue that is addressed in the
multiparty democracy in Kenya. (5mks) national budget in Kenya. (1mk)
- Explain five challenges facing the provision of health 2002: - What is contained in the government budget? (1mk)
services in Kenya (10mks) - What are the main sources of revenue for local
2021: - Identify the commission that recommended cost-sharing Government Authorities in Kenya? (1mk)
in education sector in Kenya. (1mk) 2003: - Identify three types of taxes paid by Kenyans to the
2022: Identify the political party that was formed by Oginga Government. (3mks)
Odinga in 1966. (1mk) - Explain six ways in which the government of Kenya
2023: - Identify one category of land holding in Kenya. (1mk) uses its revenue (12mks)
- Identify one category of a Cooperative Society found 2004: - Name the institution that controls government
in Kenya after independence. (1mk) expenditure in Kenya. (1mk)
- Highlight two pressure groups which were pushing 2005: - Identify two sources of government revenue in Kenya. (2)
for multi-party democracy in Kenya in the 1990s. (2mks) 2006: - Give one example of indirect taxes in Kenya (1mk)

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