NURSING AND MIDWIFERY REVIEWS NIGERIA

MIDWIFERY REVIEWS

REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE MCQ

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1. A nurse is educating a client about the ovarian cycle. Which hormone is

primarily responsible for triggering ovulation?

a) Progesterone

b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

c) Luteinizing hormone (LH)

d) Estrogen

2. During the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle, the corpus luteum secretes
which hormone to maintain the endometrium?

a) Prolactin

b) Oxytocin

c) Progesterone

d) Testosterone

3. A nurse is assessing a female client who has not had a menstrual period
for six months. This condition is termed:

a) Menorrhagia
b) Dysmenorrhea

c) Amenorrhea

d) Oligomenorrhea

4. Which statement by a client indicates an understanding of the menstrual

cycle?

a) "Ovulation occurs on the last day of my menstrual period."

b) "The luteal phase occurs after ovulation and lasts for about 14 days."

c) "The follicular phase starts after ovulation and lasts until my period
begins."

d) "Progesterone is the main hormone responsible for ovulation."

5. A client asks the nurse what happens if fertilization does not occur. The
best response would be:

a) "The corpus luteum continues to produce hormones."

b) "The endometrial lining continues to thicken."

c) "The corpus luteum degenerates into the corpus albicans."

d) "The level of estrogen and progesterone increases significantly."

6. A nurse is teaching a client about menstruation. Which hormone causes

shedding of the endometrial lining?

a) High estrogen levels

b) Low levels of progesterone and estrogen

c) Increased luteinizing hormone

d) High follicle-stimulating hormone

7. A nurse explains that during the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle,
the endometrium:

a) Sheds due to decreased hormone levels

b) Thickens under the influence of estrogen

c) Becomes rich in glycogen in preparation for implantation

d) Undergoes involution and atrophy

8. A nurse is counseling a patient on fertility. Which statement about

ovulation is correct?

a) "Ovulation occurs due to a surge in FSH."

b) "It occurs around day 10 of a 28-day cycle."

c) "It is triggered by a surge in LH."

d) "Ovulation happens during the menstrual phase."

9. What is the function of inhibin in the ovarian cycle?

a) Stimulates the release of progesterone

b) Inhibits the secretion of FSH

c) Triggers ovulation

d) Enhances endometrial growth

10. A nurse is reviewing a client's reproductive cycle. What is the
approximate duration of the luteal phase?

a) 5-7 days

b) 10-12 days

c) 14 days

d) 21 days

11. Which phase of the endometrial cycle occurs simultaneously with the
luteal phase of the ovarian cycle?

a) Menstrual phase

b) Proliferative phase

c) Secretory phase

d) Follicular phase

12. The nurse educates a patient about the role of relaxin in pregnancy.
Which is the correct function?

a) Stimulates follicular maturation

b) Inhibits uterine contractions

c) Promotes ovulation

d) Triggers menstruation

13. The Graafian follicle releases which hormone before ovulation?

a) Progesterone

b) Estrogen

c) LH

d) Prolactin

14. What is the primary function of the corpus luteum in early pregnancy?

a) To nourish the developing embryo

b) To secrete estrogen and progesterone

c) To produce FSH

d) To maintain high levels of LH

15. The nurse is counseling a couple trying to conceive. Which statement

should the nurse include?

a) "Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for about 1-2 hours."

b) "The most fertile period is three days before and after ovulation."

c) "Menstrual cycles shorter than 28 days are abnormal."

d) "Progesterone is responsible for triggering ovulation."

16. The first menstrual period in females, known as menarche, typically

occurs between what age range?

a) 8-12 years

b) 10-16 years
c) 14-18 years

d) 16-20 years

17. The primary hormone responsible for thickening the endometrium

during the proliferative phase is:

a) Estrogen

b) Progesterone

c) LH

d) FSH

18. What marks the beginning of the reproductive cycle?

a) Ovulation

b) The onset of menstruation

c) Luteal phase

d) Corpus luteum formation

19. The structure responsible for producing progesterone during the luteal
phase is:

a) Graafian follicle

b) Hypothalamus

c) Corpus luteum

d) Anterior pituitary
20. Which statement about the menstrual cycle is true?

a) "It always lasts exactly 28 days."

b) "The luteal phase is variable in duration."

c) "Ovulation occurs due to a surge in LH."

d) "Estrogen levels peak after ovulation."

21. Which of the following is not a function of progesterone?

a) Thickening of the endometrium

b) Inhibiting uterine contractions

c) Triggering menstruation

d) Supporting early pregnancy

22. The functional layer of the endometrium undergoes cyclic changes due
to hormonal influence. What happens if fertilization does not occur?

a) The endometrium remains intact

b) The corpus luteum secretes more hormones

c) The endometrial lining is shed

d) The myometrium thickens

23. What structure guides the ovulated oocyte into the fallopian tube?

a) Endometrium
b) Ovarian fimbrae

c) Cervix

d) Corpus luteum

24. Failure of the corpus luteum to function properly in a non-pregnant

woman may lead to:

a) Amenorrhea

b) Menorrhagia

c) Premature menopause

d) Anovulation

25. In a typical 28-day cycle, ovulation occurs around which day?

a) 10

b) 14

c) 18

d) 21

CORRECT ANSWERS

1. c) Luteinizing hormone (LH) – LH surge triggers ovulation.

2. c) Progesterone – The corpus luteum secretes progesterone to maintain

the endometrium.

3. c) Amenorrhea – Absence of menstruation for six months or more is

called amenorrhea.

4. b) "The luteal phase occurs after ovulation and lasts for about 14 days."
– The luteal phase follows ovulation and typically lasts 14 days.

5. c) "The corpus luteum degenerates into the corpus albicans." – If

fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum breaks down into the corpus
albicans.

6. b) Low levels of progesterone and estrogen – The drop in these

hormones triggers menstruation.

7. b) Thickens under the influence of estrogen – The proliferative phase

involves endometrial thickening due to estrogen.

8. c) "It is triggered by a surge in LH." – The LH surge causes ovulation.

9. b) Inhibits the secretion of FSH – Inhibin helps regulate the ovarian cycle
by suppressing FSH.

10. c) 14 days – The luteal phase typically lasts around 14 days.

11. c) Secretory phase – This phase coincides with the luteal phase and
prepares the endometrium for implantation.

12. b) Inhibits uterine contractions – Relaxin helps prevent premature

contractions.

13. b) Estrogen – The Graafian follicle secretes estrogen before ovulation.

14. b) To secrete estrogen and progesterone – The corpus luteum

produces these hormones to support early pregnancy.

15. b) "The most fertile period is three days before and after ovulation." –
The fertile window includes the days leading up to ovulation.
16. b) 10-16 years – Menarche usually occurs within this age range.

17. a) Estrogen – Estrogen is responsible for endometrial thickening in the

proliferative phase.

18. b) The onset of menstruation – The menstrual cycle begins with

menstruation.

19. c) Corpus luteum – This structure produces progesterone during the

luteal phase.

20. c) "Ovulation occurs due to a surge in LH." – The LH surge is crucial for
ovulation.

21. c) Triggering menstruation – Progesterone does not cause

menstruation; its decline does.

22. c) The endometrial lining is shed – Without fertilization, the

endometrium is shed during menstruation.

23. b) Ovarian fimbriae – These finger-like structures help guide the oocyte
into the fallopian tube.

24. d) Anovulation – If the corpus luteum fails, ovulation may not occur.

25. b) 14 – Ovulation typically happens around day 14 in a 28-day cycle.