SOLUTIONS

1.​ A) What type of deviation from Raoult's Law is expected when phenol and aniline are mixed
with each other? What change in the net volume of the mixture is expected? Graphically
represent the deviation.
B) The vapour pressure of pure water at a certain temperature is 23.80 mmHg. If 1 mole of a
nonvolatile non-electrolytic solute is dissolved in 100 g water, Calculate the resultant vapour
pressure of the solution.
2.​ A)The vapour pressure of pure liquid 𝑋 and pure liquid 𝑌 at 25∘ C are 120 mmHg and 160
mm Hg respectively. If equal moles of 𝑋 and 𝑌 are mixed to form an ideal solution, calculate
the vapour pressure of the solution.
B) State Raoult's law for the solution containing volatile components. What is the similarity
between Raoult's law and Henry's law?
3.​ A) State Henry's law and explain why are the tanks used by scuba divers filled with air diluted
with helium (11.7% helium, 56.2% nitrogen and 32.1% oxygen)?
B) Assume that argon exerts a partial pressure of 6 bar. Calculate the solubility of argon gas
in water. (Given: Henry's Law constant for Argon dissolved in water, KH = 40kbar )
4.​ A) State Henry's law. Calculate the solubility of CO2 in water at 298 K under 760mmHg. (KH
for CO2 in water at 298 K is 1.25 × 106 mmHg )
B) Identify which liquid will have a higher vapour pressure at 90∘ C if the boiling points of two
liquids 𝐴 and 𝐵 are 140∘ C and 180∘ C, respectively.
5.​ Give reasons for the following:
A) Aquatic species are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.
B) At higher altitudes people suffer from anoxia resulting in inability to think.
6.​ A) What is the effect of temperature on the solubility of glucose in water?
B) Ibrahim collected a 10 mL each of fresh water and ocean water. He observed that one
sample labeled " P " froze at 0∘ C while the other " 𝑄 " at −1.3∘ C. Ibrahim forgot which of the
two, "P" or "Q" was ocean water. Help him identify which container contains ocean water,
giving rationalization for your answer.
7.​ When 19.5 g of F − CH2 − COOH (Molar mass = 78 g mol−1 ), is dissolved in 500 g of water,
the depression in freezing point is observed to be 1∘ C. Calculate the degree of dissociation
of F − CH2 − COOH. [Given: Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol−1 ]
8.​ Calculate the mass of ascorbic acid (Molar mass = 176 g mol−1 ) to be dissolved in 75 g of
acetic acid, to lower its freezing point by 1.5∘ C. (𝐾𝑓 = 3.9 K kg mol−1)
9.​ For a 5% solution of urea (Molar mass = 60 g/mol ), calculate the osmotic pressure at 300
K.[R = 0.0821 L atm K−1 mol−1].
10.​Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood
cells in a solution containing:
A) 1.2% sodium chloride solution? ​​ B) 0.4% sodium chloride solution?
11.​. A solution containing 15 g urea (molar mass = 60 g mol−1 ) per litre of solution in water has
the same osmotic pressure (isotonic) as a solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol−1 ) in
water. Calculate the mass of glucose present in one litre of its solution.
12.​The freezing point of a solution containing 5 g of benzoic acid ( 𝑀 = 122 g mol−1 ) in 35 g of
benzene is depressed by 2.94 K. What is the percentage association of benzoic acid if it
forms a dimer in solution? [ 𝐾𝑓 for benzene = 4.9 K kg mol−1 ]
13.​Calculate Van't Hoff factor for an aqueous solution of K3[Fe(CN)6] if the degree of
dissociation (𝛼) is 0.852. What will be boiling point of this solution if its concentration is 1
molal? (𝐾𝑏 = 0.52 K kg/mol )
14.​A solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol−1 ) in water is labelled as 10% (by mass).
What would be the molality and molarity of the solution? (Density of solution = 1.2 g mL−1 ).
15.​A 5% solution of Na2SO4 ⋅ 10H2O(M ⋅ W = 322 g) is isotonic with 2% solution of
nonelectrolytic, non volatile substance X. Find out the molecular weight of solute.
16.​In the following diagram point, ' 𝑋 ' represents:

17.​An unknown gas ' 𝑋 ' is dissolved in water at 2.5 bar pressure and has mole fraction 0.04 in
solution. The mole fraction of ' 𝑋 ' gas when the pressure of gas is doubled at the same
temperature is:
a) 0.08 ​ ​ b) 0.04 ​ ​ c) 0.02 ​ ​ d) 0.92
18.​On mixing 20 mL of acetone with 30 mL of chloroform, the total volume of the solution is:
a) < 50 mL ​ ​ b) = 50 mL​ ​ c) > 50 mL ​ ​ d) = 10 mL
19.​Solubility of gases in liquids decreases with rise in temperature because dissolution is an:
a) endothermic and reversible process ​ ​ b) exothermic and reversible process
c) endothermic and irreversible process ​ ​ d) exothermic and irreversible process.
20.​ Which of the following is an example of a solid solution?
a) Sea water ​ ​ b) Sugar solution ​ ​ c) Smoke ​ d) 22 carat gold
21.​An azeotropic solution of two liquids has a boiling point lower than either of the two when it:
a) shows a positive deviation from Raoult's law.
b) shows a negative deviation from Raoult's law.
c) shows no deviation from Raoult's law.
d) is saturated
22.​Match the following
Which of the following is the best matched options?
a) (i) - (B), (ii) - (A), (iii) - (D), (iv) - (C)
b) (i) - (C), (ii) - (B), (iii) - (D), (iv) - (A)
c) (i) - (B), (ii) - (A), (iii) - (D), (v) - (C)
d) (i) - (B), (ii) - (D), (iii) - (A), (v) - (C)