Polythionic acid SCC

76. ________ usually occurs when a colder liquid contacts a warmer metal surface.
A. Stress cracking
B. Thermal fatigue
C. Thermal shock
D. Stress shock
Thermal shock
77. Which of these materials is not susceptible to amine cracking?
A. Carbon steel
1.
B. __________
300 Series SS is a change in the microstructure of certain carbon steels and
0.5 Mo Series
C. 400 steels afterSS long term operation in the 800º F to 1100º F range.
A.
D. Graphitization
Both B and C
B.
300Softening
Series SS,400 Series SS
C.
78.Temper
The presenceEmbrittlement
of ________ in H²S streams increases the severity of high temperature sulfide corrosion at temperatures above about 500º F
D. Creep
A. Amine
Graphitization
B. Hydrogen 571 4.2.1
2.
C. What
Sulfides structure is 304 stainless steel?
A.
D. Martensitic
All of the above
B. Austenitic
Hydrogen
C.
79.Duplex
Increasing chromium content in the alloy improves resistance to sulfidation. However, there is little improvement with increasing chromium content until about ________ Cr.
D. Ferritic
A. 3-5
Austenitic
B. 5-7 Terms 3.1.2
3.
C. _________
7-9 is the result of cyclic stress caused by variations in temperature.
A.
D. Creep
9-12
B.
7-9Thermal Fatigue
C.
80.Cyclic
_________Cracking is the sudden rapid fracture under stress (residual or applied) where the material exhibits little or no evidence of ductility or plastic deformation.
D. Stress Corrosion
A. Thermal fatigue Cracking
Thermal
B. Thermal shock4.2.9
Fatigue
4.
C. General or localized corrosion of carbon steels and other metals caused by dissolved salts, gases, organic compounds or microbiological activities is called ________.
Brittle fracture
A.
D. Flue
Stress Gas Corrosion
fracture
B. Atmospheric
Brittle fracture Corrosion
C.
81.Cooling
CausticWater Corrosion
embrittlement cracking can be effectively prevented by means of PWHT at a temperature of _______.
D. None of
A. 1100º F the Above
E.
B. All
1150ºof the
F Above
Cooling
C. 1200ºWater F Corrosion 4.3.4
5.
D. What
1250ºstructure
F is 410 stainless steel?
A. Martensitic
1150º F
B. Austenitic
82. General or localized corrosion of carbon steels and other metals caused by dissolved salts, gases, organic compounds or microbiological activity is called _______.
C. Duplex water corrosion
A. Cooling
D. Ferritic
B. Oxidation
Martensitic
C. MIC terms 3.1.12
6.
D. The
None sudden
of the rapidabovefracture under stress (residual or applied) where the material exhibits little or no evidence of ductility or plastic deformation is called _________.
A. 885º Fwater
Cooling Embrittlement
corrosion
B.
83.Temper
With CO² Embrittlement
corrosion, increasing temperatures _________ corrosion rates up to the point where CO² is vaporized.
C. Stress Corrosion Cracking
A. Decrease
D. Brittle Fracture
B. Increase
Brittle Fracture 4.2.7
C. Eliminate
7.
D. What
None structure
of the above is 409 stainless steel?
A. Martensitic
Increase
B. Austenitic
84. Units where graphitization may be suspected are the FCCU and the _____ unit.
C. Duplex
A. Hydrotreater
D. Ferritic
B. Coker
Ferritic
C. Alky stainless steel Term 3.1.7
8.
D. Low
Nonealloyof the steels
above contain a maximum of _______ chrome.
A. 5%
Coker
B.
85.6%Where is PASCC normally located?
C. 7.5%
A. Adjacent to welds
D. 9% impellers
B. On
9%
C. AtTerms
stress3.1.11risers
9.
D. Which
At flanges of the following can be affected by 885º F Embrittlement?
A. 410 SSto welds
Adjacent
B.
86.430 SS
All ________ based materials and low alloy materials, 300 Series SS and 400 Series SS are susceptible to Sulfidation.
C. 308 SS
A. Carbon
D. Alloy 2205
B. Steel
E.
C. A, B and D
Chromium
410 ss, 430 ss, Alloy 2205 4.2.5.2
D. Iron
10.
Iron For 5Cr-0.5Mo, what is the threshold temperature for creep?
A.
87.500º F acid promotes general and localized corrosion of carbon steel. Carbon steel heat affected zones may experience severe corrosion. Acid concentration, temperature, alloy content
Sulfuric
B. 800º F
and ____________ are critical factors affecting sulfuric acid corrosion.
C. 600º F
A. Pressure
D. 700º F
B. Stress
800 F Table 4-3 4.2.8.9
C. Velocity
11. ________ has been a major problem on coke drum shells.
D. Ductility
A. Thermal
Velocity fatigue
B.
88.Stress
Whichcracking
of these materials are susceptible to brittle fracture?
C. Erosion steels
A. Carbon
D. Temper
B. Low alloyembrittlement
steels
Thermal fatigue
C. 400 Series SS4.2.9.4 (b)
12.
D. All of the above cracks propagate ________ to the stress and are usually dagger shaped, transgranular and oxide-filled.
Thermal fatigue
A. Axial steels, Low alloy steels, 400 Series SS
Carbon
B.
89.Diagonal
____________ is a form of environmental cracking that can initiate on the surface of high strength low alloy steels and carbon steels with highly localized zones of high hardness in the weld
C. Transverse
metal and HAZ as a result of exposure to aqueous HF acid service.
D. Angularstress cracking
A. Sulfide
Transverse
B. Hydrogen4.2.9. stress cracking
13. Inspection
C. Caustic stressfor cracking
wet H2S damage generally focuses on _____ and ______.
A.
D. Weld
Hydrogen seams induced cracking
B. Nozzlesstress cracking
Hydrogen
C.
90.Trays
HCl acid corrosion is found in several units, especially _______ and ________, units, hydroprocessing units and catalytic reformer units.
D. Down comers
A. Amine, crude
E.
B. A and BAlkylation
Crude,
Weld seamsAmine
C. Vacuum, and Nozzles 5.1.2.3.7 (b)
D. Crude, Vacuum
Crude, Vacuum
91. Cracking can occur at low caustic levels if a concentrating mechanism is present. In such cases, caustic concentrations of ________ ppm are sufficient to cause cracking.
A. 50-100
14. ________ is a form of erosion caused by the formation and instantaneous collapse of innumerable tiny vapor bubbles.
B. 100-150
A. Condensate corrosion
C. 150-200
B. Cavitation
D. 200-250
C. Dew-Point corrosion
50-100
D. Atmospheric corrosion
92. Which of these materials is susceptible to 885º F embrittlement?
Cavitation 4.2.15 (a)
A. 400 Series SS
B. Duplex SS
15. With CUI, corrosion rates __________ with increasing metal temperatures up to the point where the water evaporates quickly.
C. 5Cr-1Mo
A. Decrease
D. Both A and B
B. Increase
400 Series SS, Duplex SS
C. Stay the same
93. Spheroidization and graphitization are competing mechanisms that occur at overlapping temperature ranges. Spheroidization tends to occur preferentially above _______ while
D. None of the above
graphitization predominates below this temperature.
Increase 4.3.3.3 (b)
A. 1000º F
16. Which of the following metals is the most anodic?
B. 1025º F
A. Zinc
C. 1050º F
B. Carbon Steel
D. 1100º F
C. Nickel
1025º F
D. Monel
94. Sulfidation is primarily caused by ________ and other reactive sulfur species as a result of the thermal decomposition of sulfur compounds at high temperatures.
75.Zinc 4.3.1.6 (e)is a form of stress corrosion cracking normally occurring during shutdowns, startups or during operation
A.__________
Sulfur dioxide
17. air
when Cracking of dissimilar weld metals occurs on the _________ side of a weld between an austenitic and a Ferritic material operating at high temperatures.
B. H²S and moisture are present. Cracking is due to sulfur acids forming from sulfide scale, air and moisture acting on
A. Austenitic
sensitized
C. Sulfurstainless
trioxide steel.
A. B. FerriticSCC
Caustic
D. Sulfates
B. C. AnodicSCC
Chloride
H²S
C. D. Cathodic acid SCC
Polythionic
95. Damage from sigma phase appears in the form of ________.
D. Ferritic
None
A. of4.2.12.1
Corrosion the above
18. Soil to Air interface areas are usually more susceptible to corrosion than the rest of the structure because of ___________ and __________ availability.
B. Hardness
A. Moisture
C. Cracking
B. Bacteria
D. Oxygen
C. Ductility
Cracking
D. B and C
96.A The
E. and Cextent and depth of decarburization is a function of temperature and ______.
Moisture and Oxygen 4.3.9.3 (e)
A. Pressure
19. Carburization can be confirmed by substantial increases in _______ and loss of __________.
A. Hardness
B. Tensile Strength
C. Ductility
D. A and B