Contents of report

 What is cloud computing

o Cloud Computing Advantages
o Cloud Computing Definition
o Origin and Development of Cloud Computing
o Cloud Computing Models

 Virtualization

 KVM

 FusionCompute

 how physical and virtual switches work.

 the network architecture used for virtualized environments.

 the traffic flows between VMs.

 concepts related to VLAN.

 Huawei’s FusionSphere virtualization solution.

 the storage architecture used for virtualized environments.

 different types of disks.

 the differences between centralized and distributed storage.

 the differences between virtualized and non-virtualized storage.

 different types of VM disks.

 the storage features of Huawei’s virtualization product.

 Cluster Features

 Virtualization Features

 the Features of Huawei’s Virtualization Product

 Upon completion of this course, you will:

 Be able to describe key technologies that underpin cloud computing.

 Understand the relationship between cloud computing and other fields.

What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud computing refers to the delivery of various services over the
internet, which allows users to access and store data, run applications,
and manage resources without needing to own and maintain physical
hardware or infrastructure. Here’s a breakdown of its key aspects:

1. Types of Cloud Services:

 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Provides virtualized

computing resources over the internet. Users can rent virtual
machines, storage, and networking resources. Examples include
Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure.

 Platform as a Service (PaaS): Offers a platform allowing

customers to develop, run, and manage applications without
dealing with the underlying infrastructure. Examples include
Google App Engine and Heroku.

 Software as a Service (SaaS): Delivers software applications

over the internet, typically on a subscription basis. Examples
include Google Workspace (formerly G Suite) and Microsoft Office
365.

2. Deployment Models:
 Public Cloud: Services are delivered over the public internet
and shared across multiple organizations. Examples include
services offered by Amazon Web Services and Google Cloud.

 Private Cloud: Services are maintained on a private network,

typically within a single organization. This model offers more
control and security.

 Hybrid Cloud: Combines both public and private clouds,

allowing data and applications to be shared between them,
offering more flexibility and optimization of existing
infrastructure.
3. Benefits:

 Scalability: Users can easily scale resources up or down based

on demand.

 Cost Efficiency: Reduces the need for significant upfront

investments in hardware; you pay only for what you use.

 Flexibility and Accessibility: Access services and data from

anywhere with an internet connection.

 Maintenance and Updates: Providers manage the

maintenance, updates, and security of the infrastructure.
4. Use Cases:
 Data Storage and Backup: Store and back up data securely.

 Application Development: Build, test, and deploy applications

using cloud platforms.

 Big Data Processing: Analyze large datasets using cloud-based

tools.

 Content Delivery: Distribute content globally through cloud-

based Content Delivery Networks (CDNs).
Cloud computing has become a fundamental component of
modern IT,

enabling businesses to innovate faster and more efficiently by

leveraging
on demand resources.
 Virtualization
Guest OS:
Operating system running in a virtual machine
(VM)
Guest Machine:
Virtual machine created through virtualization
Hypervisor:
Virtualization software layer, or
Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)
Host OS:
Operating system running in a physical machine
Host Machine:
Physical machine
I/O Virtualization:
 Emulation [Full Virtualization]: Complete simulation of the
hardware, for example, keyboard and mouse. Access to such
hardware depends on the capture of focus by the host, and
leads to poor performance in some cases.
 Paravirtualization: Access to hardware drivers is transferred
from the I/O frontend to the I/O backend. This mode is
usually only used for hard disks and NICs, and delivers high
performance.
 IO-through: Hardware devices capable of I/O passthrough,
such as hard disks and NICs, are directly allocated to VMs. In
Xen, Dom0 allocates hardware devices but does not take
part in the access of the hardware. Hardware support is
required.
KVM

Fusioncompute
Architecture:
Functions :

Network Architecture for Virtualization :

Storage disk type:
1.SATA
SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment), also called serial
ATA, is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to
mass storage devices. Using serial communication, the serial ATA
bus uses embedded clock signals to check transmission commands
(not only data) and automatically corrects detected errors, ensuring
reliable data transmission for SATA disks. The SATA interface is
simple and the disks are hot-swappable.

2.SAS
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is a new-generation SCSI technology,
which, like the popular Serial ATA (SATA), also uses serial
communication to achieve a higher transmission speed. Compared
with the older parallel SCSI, SAS improves the efficiency,
availability, and scalability of storage systems and offers optional
compatibility with SATA.

3.NL-SAS
Nearline SAS (NL-SAS) disks are a combination of a SAS interface
with SATA disks. The rotational speed of NL-SAS disks is only 7200
rpm, so performance is lower than that of SAS disks. However, with
the SAS interface, addressing and speed are improved.
4.SSD
A solid-state drive (SSD) is a solid-state storage device that uses
integrated circuit assemblies as non-volatile memory. An SSD
consists of a control unit and a storage unit (flash or DRAM chip). An
SSD is the same as a common hard disk drive (HDD) in terms of
interface specifications and definition, functionality, usage, and
product shape and size. Although SSDs deliver fast read/write
performance, light weight, low power consumption, and compact
sizes which traditional HDDs cannot rival, SSDs have a shorter
lifespan and higher price.
NUMA:

Cluster Features:
HA:

IMC:
  On FusionCompute, enabling incompatible migration cluster (IMC)
mode for a cluster allows VMs to migrate between hosts that are using
CPUs with different performance baselines within this cluster.

 Currently, IMC mode only allows VM live migration between hosts using
Intel CPUs.

 IMC mode allows the hosts in a cluster to present the same CPU
function set to VMs running on them, despite the fact that these hosts
may be using CPUs with different performance baselines.

 For the IMC mode to work for a cluster that already contains hosts and
VMs, ensure that the following conditions are met:

 The CPU generations of the hosts in the cluster are the same as
or later than the target IMC mode.

 The CPU generations of the running or hibernating VMs in the

cluster are the same as or earlier than the target IMC mode. If
any VM in the cluster does not meet this requirement, stop this
VM or migrate it to another cluster.

VM Features:

IoT:
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the concept of connecting everything
through the Internet, including all sorts of communication and
interaction: people-people, people-things, and things-things.
Big Data:
 Big data refers to data sets that are too large or complex to be handled
by traditional data-processing application software.

 Such data sets are generated by the IoT. Due to a radical increase in
total IoT connections, ever more massive data sets will be generated.

Artificial Intelligence:
 Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that focuses
on the research into and development of theories, methodology,
technology, and application systems for simulating and extending
human intelligence with machines.

 Applications of AI include robotics, speech recognition, image

recognition, natural language processing.

Elements of AI:
Microservices:
 Microservices are a software development technique that structures an
application as a collection of loosely coupled, fine-grained services. In
a microservices architecture, lightweight communication protocols are
used, often HTTP resource APIs. The services are built around
functionalities and deployed independently and in a fully automated
manner. The need for centralized management is minimized. The
services can be written in different languages and use different storage
types.