Visit https://testbankfan.

com to download the full version and

explore more testbank or solution manual

Body Structures and Functions 12th Edition Scott

Test Bank

_____ Click the link below to download _____

https://testbankfan.com/product/body-structures-and-
functions-12th-edition-scott-test-bank/

Explore and download more testbank at testbankfan.com

Here are some suggested products you might be interested in.
Click the link to download

Precalculus Functions and Graphs 12th Edition Swokowski

Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-functions-and-graphs-12th-
edition-swokowski-test-bank/

College Accounting A Career Approach 12th Edition Scott

Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/college-accounting-a-career-
approach-12th-edition-scott-test-bank/

Precalculus Functions and Graphs 12th Edition Swokowski

Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-functions-and-graphs-12th-
edition-swokowski-solutions-manual/

Fitness and Wellness 12th Edition Hoeger Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/fitness-and-wellness-12th-edition-
hoeger-solutions-manual/
Principles of Taxation for Business and Investment
Planning 17th Edition Jones Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/principles-of-taxation-for-business-
and-investment-planning-17th-edition-jones-solutions-manual/

Society The Basics 14th Edition Macionis Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/society-the-basics-14th-edition-
macionis-test-bank/

Selling Building Partnerships 8th Edition Castleberry Test

Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/selling-building-partnerships-8th-
edition-castleberry-test-bank/

Chemistry 10th Edition Zumdahl Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/chemistry-10th-edition-zumdahl-test-
bank/

Core Concepts of Government and Not For Profit Accounting

2nd Edition Granof Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/core-concepts-of-government-and-not-
for-profit-accounting-2nd-edition-granof-test-bank/
Introduction to Economic Growth 3rd Edition Jones
Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/introduction-to-economic-growth-3rd-
edition-jones-solutions-manual/
Chapter 7: Muscular System

TRUE/FALSE

1. There are 200 different muscles in the body.

ANS: F
There are over 650 different muscles in the body.

PTS: 1

2. Skeletal muscles must be stimulated by nerve impulses to contract.

ANS: T PTS: 1

3. In order to function, muscles should always be slightly contracted and ready to pull.

ANS: T PTS: 1

4. Skeletal muscles that are not used will hypertrophy, and those that are used excessively will
atrophy.

ANS: F
Skeletal muscles that are not used will atrophy, and those that are used excessively will
hypertrophy.

PTS: 1

5. A muscle strain is a sustained contraction of the muscle.

ANS: F
A muscle strain is a tear in the muscle resulting from excessive use.

PTS: 1

6. Myalgia is a term used to describe muscle pain.

ANS: T PTS: 1

7. Tetanus is preventable.

ANS: T PTS: 1

8. Another name for a muscle spasm is a cramp.

ANS: T PTS: 1

9. Muscular dystrophy occurs when the connection between the nerves and muscle is lost.

ANS: F
Muscular dystrophy is a group of diseases in which the muscle cells deteriorate.
Myasthenia gravis occurs when the connection between the nerves and muscle is lost.
 PTS: 1

10. Muscles are responsible for producing most of our body heat.

ANS: T PTS: 1

11. Cardiac muscle is an example of a voluntary muscle.

ANS: F
Cardiac muscle is involuntary because we do not control it.

PTS: 1

12. Sphincter, or dilator, muscles are special circular muscles found in openings.

ANS: T PTS: 1

13. Muscles only push, never pull.

ANS: F
Muscles only pull, never push.

PTS: 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The muscle on the back of the upper arm is called the _____.
a. bicep c. deltoid
b. tricep
ANS: B

Feedback
A Biceps are located in the front part of the upper arm.
B
C Deltoid is located at the top of the arm at the shoulder.

PTS: 1

2. The part of a skeletal muscle that is attached to a fixed structure is called the _____.
a. origin c. prime mover
b. insertion d. ligament
ANS: A

Feedback
A
B The insertion is the part of a muscle that is attached to a movable part.
C A prime mover is a muscle that produces movement in a single direction.
D A ligament is a band of fibrous tissue connecting bones or supporting organs.

PTS: 1
3. The ability of a muscle to return to its original length is called _____.
a. excitability c. contractibility
b. elasticity d. extensibility
ANS: B

Feedback
A Excitability, or irritability, is the ability to respond to certain stimuli by producing
electric signals.
B
C Contractibility is the ability to reduce the distance between the parts of its contents.
D Extensibility is the ability to be stretched.

PTS: 1

4. The ability of a muscle to reduce the distance between the parts of its contents is _____.
a. excitability c. contractibility
b. elasticity d. extensibility
ANS: C

Feedback
A Excitability, or irritability, is the ability to respond to certain stimuli by producing
electric signals.
B Elasticity is the ability to return to original length when relaxing.
C
D Extensibility is the ability to be stretched.

PTS: 1

5. The type of muscle that is attached to the bone of the skeleton is _____.
a. smooth c. skeletal
b. cardiac
ANS: C

Feedback
A Smooth muscles are not attached to bones; they are involuntary.
B Cardiac muscles are found only in the heart.
C

PTS: 1

6. Which of the following is true regarding fibromyalgia?

a. It is characterized by sudden acute pain.
b. The treatment is surgical.
c. The etiology is a bacterial infection.
d. It is a collection of symptoms (syndrome).
ANS: D

Feedback
A It is characterized by chronic muscle pain.
 B The treatment is medical.
C The etiology (cause) of fibromyalgia has not been determined.
D

PTS: 1

7. Which of the following hernias occur when the stomach pushes through the diaphragm?
a. hiatal c. abdominal
b. inguinal
ANS: A

Feedback
A
B An inguinal hernia occurs in the inguinal area.
C An abdominal hernia occurs when organs protrude through the abdominal wall.

PTS: 1

8. Which of the following would be categorized as a recreational injury?

a. torticollis c. tetanus
b. rotator cuff disease
ANS: B

Feedback
A Torticollis, or wry neck, may be due to inflammation of the trapezius and/or
sternocleidomastoid muscle.
B
C Tetanus is an infectious disease.

PTS: 1

9. Which of the following would be a recommended initial treatment for a sprain?

a. Wrap the area in ice.
b. Apply ice for 15 minutes on and then 20 minutes off in a cyclic pattern.
c. Alternate ice and heat in a cyclic pattern.
ANS: B

Feedback
A It is best to apply ice for 15 minutes on and then 20 minutes off in a cyclic pattern.
B
C It is best to apply ice for 15 minutes on and then 20 minutes off in a cyclic pattern.

PTS: 1

10. the prefix a- means _____.

a. process of c. excessive
b. without
ANS: B

Feedback
 A The suffix -y means process of.
B
C Hyper- means excessive.

PTS: 1

11. Asthenia means _____.

a. into c. weakness
b. nature
ANS: C

Feedback
A Intra means into.
B Physio means nature.
C

PTS: 1

12. Each skeletal muscle cell is known as a(n) ____.

a. muscle fiber c. sarcoplasm
b. sarcolemma
ANS: A

Feedback
A
B Sarcolemma is the cell membrane.
C Sarcoplasm is the cytoplasm.

PTS: 1

COMPLETION

1. Nearly ____________________ of our body weight comes from muscles.

ANS:
half
one-half
1/2

PTS: 1

2. Name the three types of muscles: ____________________, ____________________, and

____________________.

ANS: skeletal, smooth, cardiac

PTS: 1

3. Name the four characteristics of muscles: _________________________,

__________________________, _________________________, and
_________________________.
 ANS: contractibility, excitability, extensibility, elasticity

PTS: 1

4. The major source of energy for muscles is ______________________________.

ANS:
ATP
adenosine 5' triphosphate

PTS: 1

5. ______________________________ is caused by an accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles.

ANS: Muscle fatigue

PTS: 1

6. Exercise and training will alter the ____________________, ____________________, and

____________________ of a muscle.

ANS: size, structure, strength

PTS: 1

7. _________________________ can occur to muscles that are infrequently used.

ANS: Muscle atrophy

PTS: 1

8. _________________________ occur when there is injury to the muscle tendon in the front of the
shin.

ANS: Shin splints

PTS: 1

9. ____________________ diagnose and treat patients whose health problems are associated with the
body’s muscular, nervous, or skeletal systems.

ANS: Chiropractors

PTS: 1

10. The masseter and temporalis muscles are representative of the muscles of
____________________.

ANS: mastication

PTS: 1
MATCHING

Match the name of the skeletal muscle with its location.

a. muscle of facial expression c. muscle of the lower extremity
b. muscle of the trunk d. muscle of the upper extremity
1. frontalis
2. rectus abdominis
3. trapezius
4. internal oblique
5. gluteus maximus
6. orbicularis oculi
7. gastrocnemius
8. deltoid
9. brachialis
10. pectoralis major

1. ANS: A PTS: 1
2. ANS: B PTS: 1
3. ANS: D PTS: 1
4. ANS: B PTS: 1
5. ANS: C PTS: 1
6. ANS: A PTS: 1
7. ANS: C PTS: 1
8. ANS: D PTS: 1
9. ANS: D PTS: 1
10. ANS: D PTS: 1
Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
 About 5 p.m. on the 15th the enemy started a heavy barrage and
were seen to be massing on our right, but our guns were at once
turned on these and dispersed the assembly. The Buffs were
relieved the same night by the 2nd Leinsters, and three days later
moved to Burgomaster’s Farm at Dickebusch under Major Vaughan,
the commanding officer, Lt.-Colonel F. C. R. Studd, D.S.O., having
been wounded the previous day. The casualties from the 7th to the
10th inclusive were Captain A. F. Gulland, who died on the 16th, 2nd
Lieuts. Sherwill, H. C. Arnold (died on the 12th), Hilary and Curtis
and 28 men wounded and 4 killed; but during the 14th, 15th and 16th
the loss was more considerable, 2nd Lieuts. Paige, Carlos and
Edwards, with 14 men, were killed; Captain Hall and 2nd Lieuts.
Darling, Wilkinson, Young, Lilley, Greig and Lt.-Colonel Studd, with
89 other ranks, were wounded, though the commanding officer
remained at duty for some time. There were also 4 men missing.
Times in this neighbourhood and at this period were, however, too
strenuous to allow of much rest to anyone, and when the 23rd June
came round again it found the Buffs once more in the trenches and,
forty-eight hours afterwards, under an abnormally heavy fire, which
did little damage to the front line, but found several victims amongst
working parties in rear. 2nd Lieut. J. B. Millard was killed and Major
Vaughan and Lieut. Hancock narrowly escaped from the same shell,
and it is curious that both these officers were slightly hurt by another
one only a few minutes later. 2nd Lieut. A. H. Webb was also killed.
It was decided to push forward certain posts during the night of the
26th/27th, and B Company on the left actually did so and got to the
edge of a wood which was on its front and there consolidated, but A
Company, on the right, found that any advance would be impossible
without heavy artillery assistance. The 23rd of the month brought a
Military Cross for 2nd Lieut. Sherwill. On the 28th relief came in the
shape of the 8th Battalion York and Lancaster Regiment, but the
change over was a nasty job. The enemy appeared to have got wind
of what was going forward and opened a heavy fire, wounding Lieut.
Newcomb and three other men. The 29th took the battalion away. It
travelled by train to Reninghelst for the training area round Lumbres,
and on the last day of the month it marched fourteen kilometres to
Escocuilles.
THE LOOS CRASSIERS
SPOIL (OR THE BUFFS’) BANK
 CHAPTER XI

THE WESTERN FRONT

(Continuation till March, 1918)

I. 1st Battalion

A
t the commencement of the last chapter the readers were
reminded that the Russians made a separate peace with the
enemy towards the end of 1917, and that the Americans having
declared war against Germany in April the vanguard of her troops
began to come into action on the 27th October, so that the defection
of the one nation was in the end counteracted by the determination
of the other. As has been said, America at first possessed but a tiny
army, and though a few troops were fighting in Europe at the end of
1917, still her real force could not make itself felt for months
afterwards. Consequently there was an interval between the collapse
of Russia and Rumania and the arrival of a capable American army.
During this space the French and English must bear the whole brunt
of the struggle, and the Germans, whose railways were planned
strategically, with the idea of being able to rapidly transfer armies
from her eastern to her western frontier or vice versa, were not the
people to fail to take full advantage of such an opportunity.
These facts must be borne in mind in studying what follows. As a
matter of fact, our enemies started on the 21st March, 1918, a
mighty effort to sweep us into the sea and overwhelm the French.
This chapter will therefore continue the story of the doings of the
Buffs on the Western front up to this date. Like the previous chapter,
it is a record of trench warfare varied by fighting and the necessary
rest and reorganization which followed each battle.
The most important action was perhaps that of Cambrai, in which
both the 1st and 6th Battalions took part, and it may therefore be as
well first to continue the narrative of these two units: the village of
Mazingarbe is, roughly speaking, four miles from Loos in the
direction of comparative safety, and this place may be considered as
the chief station of the 1st Battalion up to the 15th November—that is
to say, that it was the resting-place when trenches were not occupied
somewhere near Loos or Hulluch. Of course, there were certain
alterations, for troops took turn to go into the reserve of the division
or some higher formation, and the more important that portion of the
army was, the further back from the front line were stationed its
reserves; for instance, on the 13th July the Buffs went into divisional
reserve for a week at Fouquieres, near Bethune, and for a time in
October they were in G.H.Q. reserve at Flechin.
The most important and the pleasantest change of programme,
however, was a long period of rest at Monchy Breton (about twelve
miles west of Mazingarbe), which is an area set apart for giving a
change of scene to tired troops. The battalion was allowed a month
here which, in addition to training, was devoted to sport and health-
giving recreation; a composite company, under the command of
Captain Strauss, it secured the highest number of marks in the
brigade sports and won the divisional challenge cup for the smartest
turn-out and work in an attack scheme.
During the period between the 1st July and the 15th November
officers and men of the 1st Battalion received a considerable number
of decorations and honours: on the 3rd July the Corps Commander
inspected C and D Companies, which had furnished the raiding party
on the 23rd June; after offering his congratulations he presented
Military Medals to Sgts. Cross, Goodall and Poole, Corpl. Sindon
and L.-Corpl. Spenceley, and to Privates Halliday and Searle, all of C
Company. In D Company Military Medals were given to Sgts. Barker,
Buss, Evans and Moorcock, Corpl. Duff, and to L.-Corpls. Curd,
Green and Page. During this period Lieuts. Marshall, Moss and
Wyatt were awarded the M.C., and Captain Jacobs and Lieut.
Worster the clasp to the M.C.; C.S.M.’s McDonough and Randall
received the D.C.M., the latter also being given a commission and
posted to C Company; Pte. Sage received the M.M., and Corpl. Duff
the Decoration Militaire (Belgian).
 On the 30th August B Company, having gone to relieve one of the
K.S.L.I., A and D Companies being already in front-line trenches with
C in support, the enemy at 8 p.m. ventured an attack on our three-
company front, which was quickly dealt with by the Canadian
gunners and our Lewis guns. Notwithstanding this repulse another
hostile attack was launched at 2 o’clock next morning, but this again
was stayed by our Lewis guns and we did not suffer much.
Another incident worthy of note was the departure from France of
Captain Birrell, the adjutant, who left the battalion on the 10th
October after no less than two years and ten months’ service on the
Western front and was succeeded by Lieut. Davies. This length of
war service, other than at the base or on the staff, was very
exceptional indeed. On the 1st November the 1st Battalion marched
to meet their comrades of the 6th at Grand Bouret. Early in the
month the question of combined infantry and tank work in the field
became an extra tactical study that all must learn.
As to casualties, they of course continued. There is a horrible
regularity in recording these. Men were always being killed or
wounded. A battle removed a lot of good fellows in a few hours,
trench warfare corroded the battalion strength little by little, and this
had to be patched up either by raw hands from England or men who
had already done their share but, after being invalided, had to come
out again. Ten men were wounded on the 26th August, one killed
and five wounded on the 30th. 2nd Lieut. G. E. Sewell died of
wounds on the 2nd September and two men were killed and two
wounded on the same day, five more getting hit on the morrow.
Eighteen men of the pioneer company were gassed on the 5th
September. A little bit of joyful news reached the regiment in the
middle of September, namely, that the gallant Harrington, who had
done so well on the 24th June and who had been missing since that
date, was still alive, though a prisoner in Germany. A Company on
the 16th October lost eight men killed and three wounded, the
enemy opening a barrage on our front line at 8 p.m. On the 15th
November, Sir Douglas Haig having planned a further attack on the
German lines, the 16th Brigade, in which the 1st Battalion still
served, was attached to the Third Corps to take part in the same,
and the battalion entrained for Peronne and moved to the forward
area on the 17th.

II. 6th Battalion

There is a great high road running dead straight from Arras east-
south-east for four-and-twenty miles to Cambrai. Two miles and a
half from Arras along this road lies the village of Tilloy, and three
miles further on Monchy is to the north and Wancourt to the south of
it. Two miles south-east of the latter place and about two miles to the
south of the great road is the scene of the 7th Battalion’s fight on the
3rd May, 1917—the village of Cherisy. It was round these places that
the 6th Battalion fought and endured up till the 23rd October, when it
retired away west to a more peaceful region for a few days and there
saw a good deal of the 1st Battalion.
On the 1st July the 6th moved from Arras to the Wancourt line,
and on that date it mustered 33 officers, but only 483 other ranks.
While in this sector it was sometimes in front, sometimes in support
and sometimes further back.
Amongst the various excavations of this region is what is known
as “The Long Trench,” which, commencing about 1,200 yards south
of Keeling Copse, runs southward and is continued in that direction
by Tool Trench. In this long work was the 6th Battalion on the 10th
July, when it received orders to raid the enemy’s shell holes east of
Tool Trench at 7.30 a.m. the next day. The enemy, however, had
made his own plans and, taking the initiative himself, attacked at 5
a.m. after an exceptionally heavy bombardment of guns of all sorts
and sizes, smoke and liquid fire being also used. This heavy rain of
projectiles was directed not only on Long and Tool Trenches, but on
the supports. The infantry attack was directed chiefly on Long
Trench, and the Germans managed to penetrate at one point after
feinting or making a holding attack along the whole front of it. Having
effected his penetration he rapidly deployed and occupied shell
holes in rear or on our side. 2nd Lieut. Stevens, who was holding a
post near by, at once realized the situation and organized and
carried out a counter-attack along Long Trench, and almost at the
same time L.-Corpl. Edgington and two men, who were all on duty
with the 37th Brigade Sniping Company, seeing that the attack was
serious, at once dashed up to ascertain the true situation. These
three went up Long Trench for three or four hundred yards till they
reached the point where the break through had occurred. Here, of
course, they came across a lot of Germans who hurled bombs at
them. The corporal, however, was a good and resolute Buff soldier,
and he, posting one of his men in an advantageous position in the
trench, with the other commenced to erect a block or stop in the
work. He was soon joined by 2nd Lieut. Stevens and another man,
and between them they consolidated the block and opened fire at
close range on a number of the enemy. About two hours and a half
later on the Buffs tried a counter-attack which was duly preceded by
artillery preparation, but it failed owing to the heavy machine-gun fire
it was subjected to. The enemy’s aeroplanes were very noticeable
during this affair, flying low over our lines all day, particularly during
the attack. 2nd Lieut. Gunther was killed, as were 9 men; another
officer and 26 men were wounded, and there were 30 missing. Long
Trench was recovered a week later by the 35th Brigade and the
Royal West Kent Regiment.
On the 3rd August, at 6 p.m., the Buffs being then in rear in what
was called the Brown Line, the enemy opened a heavy barrage and
later attacked Hook Trench. Two officers and one hundred men of
the Buffs were sent up about 8.30 to aid the Queen’s and West Kent
in the front line. The attack was beaten off and heavy casualties
were inflicted on the enemy, who withdrew, leaving several
prisoners. On the 6th August the whole brigade was relieved and
went into Beaurains Camp, near Arras. 2nd Lieuts. Hunt, Mason-
Springgay, Russell and Sowter, with eighty-six men, who had been
training for a raid, proceeded from here to take their part in an
organized minor adventure which took place on the 9th of the month
and which was most successful: the moral of the enemy had every
appearance of being severely shaken and he suffered heavy
casualties; his trenches were entered, many dug-outs destroyed and
eighty prisoners brought back, and it was just a regimental
misfortune that the men of Kent were in the flank which became
subject to the enfilade fire and consequently suffered the following
casualties and failed to get on as far as was hoped.
2nd Lieuts. J. Russell and F. I. Sowter missing, Mason-Springgay
wounded and thirty-five men either killed, wounded or missing. It was
afterwards ascertained that both Russell and Sowter had been killed.
The raid party returned to camp about 3 a.m., played in by the
Drums.
On the 24th August, while in the Levis Barracks at Arras, Corpl.
Horton, L.-Corpl. Parker and Ptes. Hoare, Lane and Scott heard they
had been awarded the M.M., and about the same time, while in the
trenches again, news came of a M.C. for 2nd Lieut. Mason-
Springgay.
On the 1st September the Royal Fusiliers, aided by the Buffs’
covering fire, made a neat little raid, sustaining only one casualty
and bringing in twenty-six prisoners; and the next day a telegram
came saying that 2nd Lieut. Stevens had the M.C. and Pte. Barham
the M.M. An attempt was made by the enemy on the 24th to raid the
brigade front, but it was repulsed with loss.
The 3rd October brought the battalion thirty-three casualties,
including 2nd Lieut. Needman killed. This was because the Sussex
Regiment, on the Buffs’ left, made a raid and the German heavily
barraged the latter corps’ lines. Two days afterwards 2nd Lieut. N. E.
FitzRoy Cole and one man were killed in the front line. The 24th of
October took the 6th Battalion off westward, and the 29th found it
billeted at Vacquerie le Bourg.
November opened with more than one pleasant meeting with the
1st Battalion. The 6th marched to Frevent with this object on the 1st
November, and two drawn matches at football were played between
the units, first at Beaudricourt and afterwards at Vacquerie, but the
real business of life at this time was training and preparation for a
coming attack. On the 16th the battalion entrained for Peronne, and
by the 19th it was in position of assembly behind the village of
Gonnelieu, which is about four miles south of Ribecourt, in the
vicinity of which the 1st Battalion stood. Before describing the parts
taken by the Buffs in the action before Cambrai it may be well to
explain shortly why the battle came to be fought.
It was now past the middle of November and the collapse of the
Russians had already become so apparent that large bodies of
Germans had been withdrawn from their Eastern front to swell the
armies in France, and it was quite clear that more and more would
be arriving shortly. Under these adverse circumstances Haig
determined on a surprise attack on a considerable scale before more
reinforcements could arrive, and so he directed General Byng to
attack in front of Cambrai, reckoning that that portion of the German
line was not quite so strongly held as some others and that it would
take the enemy forty-eight hours to draw troops from other portions
of his front to the rescue. Secrecy and despatch, therefore, were the
main points to be considered, and it was for these reasons that the
fight under notice differed from almost all others in so far that no
artillery preparation was to take place, but the overcoming of wire
and other obstacles was to be entrusted to the action of tanks, and
careful arrangements were made for their initial employment and
close co-operation with the infantry. It would occupy too much space
to describe this battle in detail, but it must be understood that,
though the British attack achieved considerable success at first, the
enemy was able ultimately to increase his force about Cambrai,
particularly in guns, and so he managed at last such a mighty
counter-attack that about the last day of the month our original
offensive was perforce changed into a somewhat anxious defensive
operation.
 Imperial War Museum Crown Copyright
A NEW TRENCH

III. Cambrai

Now, on the 20th November and following days the Third Army
Corps consisted of the 6th Division, which included the 1st Battalion
of the Buffs, the 12th Division, with the 6th Battalion, and the 20th
Division. This Corps attacked with the 12th Division on the right, the
20th in the centre and the 6th on the left, and the zero hour was 6.20
a.m. Thus it came about that the 1st Battalion moved out preceded
by B Battalion of tanks and in artillery formation from the vicinity of
Villers Plouich.
The first objective, the village of Ribecourt and the spur to the
south-east of it, was soon taken, D Company, which formed the first
wave, securing that portion which was entrusted to the 1st Battalion.
The ground won was known as the Blue Line and was part of the
main Hindenburg entrenchment.
The rest of the 1st Battalion co-operated with the divisional
sniping section and then passed through and secured the second
objective, the Brown or Hindenburg support line, one thousand yards
further on.
These positions were taken with small loss, the Buffs only having
eight men killed and thirty-three wounded. This was satisfactory
enough, as the two points which had caused anxiety to the divisional
commander were Couillet Wood and Ribecourt, whereas the first fell
to the Buffs and the latter to the 71st Brigade. The formations
adopted were suitable; the hostile artillery was weak; the enemy was
late in opening fire and it was scattered and inaccurate when
opened; the tanks had no difficulty in crossing the trenches; the
enemy appeared to be surprised and demoralized; the positions
were quickly consolidated because there was no hostile fire, and in
fact all was very well. The 6th Division had a most successful day:
the bridge at Marcoing had fallen, and everything had gone like
clockwork; the artillery pushed forward to advanced positions, as did
the machine guns which were brought up by pack animals. The next
morning the Buffs, with the assistance of the tanks, completed the
clearing of Noyelles. This was a creditable bit of initiative on the part
of Captain Moss, who, finding the place but lightly held, collected a
few men and with two tanks captured the village there and then.
Meanwhile a little further south the 12th Division was equally
successful. During the whole of the 19th, battalion after battalion of
tanks, R.E. equipment, ambulances and so on had been coming up
to the front and, in accordance with Operation Orders, had been
doing so in absolute silence. The scheme for the 20th had included
five objectives. The 37th Brigade was assembled on the right of the
36th and it was to go forward on a two-company frontage only. The
two companies of the 7th East Surrey were given the task of seizing
the first objective, and the remainder of this battalion was to take the
second. The third and fourth objectives were allotted to two
companies each of the 6th Buffs and the Royal West Kents had the
fifth.
 The Surreys were quite successful; then the Buffs moved forward
in artillery formation and, crossing the first lines of defence, moved
on with marked success, sending back numerous prisoners and
attacking the Hindenburg Line. There took place some fierce hand-
to-hand fighting and a systematic “mopping up” of dug-outs, but
everything went like clockwork and by the afternoon the battalion
headquarters was in Pam-Pam Farm with three companies holding
Lateau Wood and B Company at Bonavis, though the progress had
been delayed somewhat by machine-gun fire from the two named
farms, and the enemy had been difficult to drive from Lateau Wood.
At 3.45 p.m. the West Kent reported to brigade headquarters that
they were in touch with the Buffs and that no enemy was in sight.
The battalion casualties for the 20th were 5 officers wounded and
105 other ranks killed, wounded or missing, mostly only wounded.
On the 21st the positions occupied were consolidated. Much
movement of lorries was noticed on this day behind the enemy’s
lines. Strong patrols, however, from the regiment covered the
bridges over the canal. It became apparent on the 23rd that the
German artillery had been considerably reinforced, as the hostile
shelling very perceptibly increased in volume. On this date Captain
A. F. Worster of the 1st Battalion died of wounds. He had been
twelve months with the battalion and was greatly respected and
universally loved. He had twice won the M.C.
On the 26th both battalions were relieved and withdrawn, the 1st
into the Hindenburg Line as divisional reserve, and the 6th into
support, though it sent up strong working parties to labour on the
communication and front trenches for the West Kent Regiment, as a
counter-attack on the part of the enemy now seemed imminent, he
having evidently been greatly reinforced. On this date Lt.-Colonel
Green left the 1st Battalion to assume command of a brigade.
On the 30th November a great German counter-attack was
launched. Being in divisional reserve, the 1st Battalion did not on the
first day suffer much from the shock, though six men were wounded;
but the following morning it reinforced the troops who were now
holding the line round Gonnelieu and La Vacquerie, where the
enemy had broken through the previous day. Here Major B. L.
Strauss, who was commanding, was killed, as were seven of his
men, another dying of his wounds. Captain Allen, the adjutant, was
wounded but continued for a while to command the battalion which
duty had devolved on him. Captain Tibbles, R.A.M.C., Lieut. Blake,
2nd Lieuts. Clark, Fisher and Owen, C.S.M. Vincer and forty-five
others were also injured.
In the evening Captain Pill, R.A.M.C., attached to the Bedfords,
took over medical charge, Allen retired to the dressing station, Major
Hardy, of the York and Lancasters, assumed temporary command
and the Buffs were withdrawn again into divisional reserve to go up
once more in the night of the 3rd to take up a defensive flank on
Highland Ridge, as the enemy had broken through near Marcoing
that morning. One company of R.E. and the Brigade Pioneer
Company were attached for aid on Highland Ridge.
On the 5th December five men were killed and sixteen wounded,
one of whom died the following day, on which date a new doctor,
Lieut. McVey, relieved Captain Pill. Three were killed on the 7th and
Lieut. L. F. Clark died of his hurts; two of the men were lost in the
same way on the 8th. On this latter date the Buffs were relieved from
the Ridge and moved back into trenches in rear of the main
Hindenburg system. On the night of the 9th they moved further back
still and on the 11th were taken twenty miles westward to Courcelles
to refit, and Lt.-Colonel Power, who had commanded the 2nd
Battalion at Ypres when Colonel Geddes was killed, was appointed
commanding officer.
CAMBRAI
 The 6th Battalion suffered severely on the 30th November, but
showed that the men were made of magnificent fighting material.
The enemy’s offensive was most successful on the sector which was
on the right flank of the battalion. Here he penetrated right through to
the rear, and the first news the men in the line had of this success
was that their own brigade headquarters was being attacked behind
them. This attempt, however, was beaten off by the staff, the
orderlies and the signallers, though the transport, which was bringing
up water and supplies, was captured. This hostile movement of
course exposed the Buffs’ flank. Dense German masses were
successful on the other flank also, but a ray of light in the gloom was
occasioned by a very successful counter-attack made by the Buffs
on Pam-Pam Farm, which had fallen. This place was recaptured and
the enemy’s advance in this region held up for three hours.
Overwhelming masses, however, at last proved impossible to
withstand and the small garrison withdrew fighting from shell hole to
shell hole. The enemy was now on front, flanks and even in rear, and
the struggle was hand-to-hand, obstinate and desperate. It was a
case of the remnants of a fighting unit cutting its way back through
all obstacles to regain a line that was forming in rear. This was finally
effected and the line straightened out, but, as may be supposed, it
was a bloody affair and our casualties numbered 14 officers and 317
other ranks, Major C. F. Cattley, M.C., being amongst the killed. The
new position taken up was successfully held against all attacks,
though it formed a very acute angle, as the divisions on the right and
left had fallen back, leaving, of course, a greatly exposed salient.
The line was held, however, until relief came next day, when the
battalion moved back to the old British front, which was heavily
gassed by means of shells.
On the 2nd December this battalion moved back into billets in
Heudicourt, thence, on the 5th, to Dernancourt and on to Albert,
where train was taken to Thiennes, in the peaceful country some
seven or eight miles south by west of Hazebrouck, for the necessary
rest and refit and to receive and train fresh men from England to fill
the terrible gaps.

IV. 1st Battalion

 After Cambrai the 1st Battalion, except for a short time near
Moreuil, was kept out of the trenches till the 25th January, 1918, on
which date it relieved the 9th Battalion of the Norfolks at Demicourt,
about half-way between Bapaume and Cambrai. During this interval
it had been lent to the 3rd Division and posted at Ervillers, Noreuil
and Courcelles, all of which places are fairly close together.
Christmas was spent at Courcelles in a quiet and restful manner, and
a slight change of scene occurred soon afterwards by a move to
Bellacourt, near Riviere, which is somewhat nearer Arras. The arrival
in this place was marked by the rejoining of Captain Jones, D.S.O.,
of the R.A.M.C., who, an old, much respected and greatly beloved
medical officer to the battalion, had been over fifteen months absent
from his friends.
The New Year brought some honours with it. The late Major
Strauss was gazetted to a M.C.; Sgt. Pass got the D.C.M.; and the
M.M. came to Ptes. Alexander, Elliott, Wilson and Wright; and Lt.-
Colonels Green, D.S.O., and Power, Major Blackall, Lieut. Whitlock,
Corpl. Troy and Pte. May were all mentioned in despatches. The
21st January took this unit to Fremicourt, near Bapaume, and into
divisional reserve, and the 25th, as has been said, back into the
dreary trench work again. Captain Marshall on this date, who had
already the M.C., was awarded the D.S.O. The trench tour was quiet
enough, for the enemy was nearly a mile away, and the battalion
was back at Fremicourt on the 3rd February.
Here, or rather at Le Bucquiere close by, on the 8th, a somewhat
startling and apparently an unexpected change of organization took
place which affected nearly everybody in the army. It had been
decided that infantry brigades would be of more use, or at any rate
that certain saving of power would be effected, if, instead of four,
they should consist in future of only three battalions. This resulted in
the disbanding of many brave and tried units which had repeatedly
proved their value. Thus the 16th Brigade lost the 8th Battalion of the
Bedfordshire Regiment which had been comrades of the Buffs, York
and Lancaster and Shropshire Light Infantry since March, 1915,
when they came into the brigade in place of the Leicester Regiment.
Of course, the disbanding of these units did not mean that the
soldiers composing them went home to their mothers. They merely
were transferred to other battalions in the form of huge drafts. Thus
our own 8th Battalion of the Buffs, which had so nobly upheld the
ancient honour of the regiment on many a stricken field, now ceased
to exist in the same way as did the 8th Bedfords, and in
consequence the 1st and 6th Buffs became the richer for strong
reinforcements of fighting men. Five officers and 250 other ranks
arrived at Le Bucquiere from the 8th for the 1st Buffs.
On the 12th February the battalion went into trenches at
Lagnicourt, near Queant, and it was at this place when it received
the shock of the German great offensive in March. It was in February
a quiet and fairly comfortable place, though on the 14th an unlucky
shell killed three N.C.O.’s of D Company in a dug-out and blew a
fourth clean through the roof. Beugnatre was the rearmost resting-
place for Lagnicourt, and each battalion of the brigade of course took
its turn there.
Now that the Russians had finally collapsed and so set free the
enormous hostile armies which, up till now, they had, at any rate in
part, kept occupied, the whole of Central Europe had for some time
been crowded with troop trains bringing division after division from
east to west; these divisions had been specially trained for open as
opposed to trench fighting, and the Kaiser and his staff fondly hoped
they would suffice to drive the French to Paris and the English into
the sea, more particularly as thousands of Russian guns were now
available for German gunners to use on their western foes. It was
clear to everybody, from the Commander-in-Chief to the last recruit
from England, that a great offensive might commence on any day
and we were busily engaged in preparations. Battlefields were made
ready for defence, strong points heavily wired and mine fields laid as
protection against tanks. This attack was expected in the early
morning of the 13th March and the whole British front was covered
with a series of listening patrols, special precautions were taken and
all ranks exhorted to quit themselves like men. On the 19th the
rainless spring weather, which had lasted a fortnight, gave place to
mist, with cold showers. On the 20th before midnight orders came to
withdraw all working parties, to man all battle and alarm posts before
dawn, and to be in readiness for the enemy’s onslaught.

V. 6th Battalion

The 6th Battalion did not come into the front line again till the
22nd January, 1918, on which date it was at Fleurbaix, in the
direction of Armentieres. The interval had been passed round
Merville and Estaires. Some well-deserved decorations came to the
unit in January and some medal ribbons were presented by the Army
Commander. Captain Ferrie and 2nd Lieut. Gray got the M.C., L.-
Corpl. Parker a bar to his M.M., and the decoration itself came to L.-
Corpl. Clements and Pte. Woodcock. A little later 2nd Lieuts. Kidd,
Stevens and Turk were gladdened with the news that each had the
M.C.; Lt.-Colonel Smeltzer, M.C., was given the D.S.O., and R.S.M.
Jeffrey the M.C.
Though Fleurbaix itself was reached on the 13th January, the
battalion did not move into the front line in that region till the 22nd,
and then it was quiet enough till relief came and a move back some
five miles or so to Sailly, except that there was a certain amount of
bombardment on the 28th, and just before relief was due the next
day an enemy’s party of about twenty attempted a raid on a post
known as “Richard.” They worked round behind this point with a view
to cutting off the retreat of its little garrison, but at the exact moment
the relieving party of Fusiliers arrived on the scene and the raiders,
caught between two fires, were surprised and dispersed.
There was a good deal of work to be done in February in the way
of preparation for the coming assault, and the 6th of the month saw
the battalion in the front-line trenches, after C.S.M. Woodhams had
heard on the 4th that he had got his D.C.M. The 9th of the month
brought the big draft from the now defunct 8th Battalion of the Buffs.
This consisted of 5 officers and 200 men.
Remaining in the same vicinity for many days, now in brigade
reserve at Rouge-de-Bout, then in divisional at Nouveau Monde, and
again in the trenches, all the men’s energies were directed to work at
defensive positions; for the British army and its allies were now for a
Welcome to our website – the ideal destination for book lovers and
knowledge seekers. With a mission to inspire endlessly, we offer a
vast collection of books, ranging from classic literary works to
specialized publications, self-development books, and children's
literature. Each book is a new journey of discovery, expanding
knowledge and enriching the soul of the reade

Our website is not just a platform for buying books, but a bridge
connecting readers to the timeless values of culture and wisdom. With
an elegant, user-friendly interface and an intelligent search system,
we are committed to providing a quick and convenient shopping
experience. Additionally, our special promotions and home delivery
services ensure that you save time and fully enjoy the joy of reading.

Let us accompany you on the journey of exploring knowledge and

personal growth!

testbankfan.com