Maharashtra Board Class 12 Physics (54)

Question Paper 2024 - Solutions

SECTION - A

Question 1: Select and write the correct answer for the following multiple
choice type of questions:

(i) The moment of inertia (MI) of a disc of radius R and mass M about its
central axis is:

A. MR2/4
B. MR2/2
C. MR2
D. 3MR2/2

Answer: B. MR2/2

(ii) The dimensional formula of surface tension is:

A. [L-1 M T-2]
B. [L2 M T-2]
C. [L M T]
D. [L0 M T-2]

Answer: A. [L-1 M T-2]

(iii) Phase difference between a node and an adjacent antinode in a

stationary wave is:

A. π rad
B. π/2 rad
C. 3π/4 rad
D. π rad

Answer: A. π rad
(iv) The work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to a given point against the
direction of electric field is known as:

A. Electric flux
B. Magnetic potential
C. Electric potential
D. Gravitational potential

Answer: C. Electric potential

(v) To convert a moving coil galvanometer into an ammeter we need to

connect:

A. Small resistance in parallel with it

B. Large resistance in series with it
C. Small resistance in series with it
D. Large resistance in parallel with it

Answer: A. small resistance in parallel with it

(vi) If the frequency of incident light falling on a photosensitive material is

doubled, then the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectron will be:

A. The same as its initial value

B. Two times its initial value
C. More than two times its initial value
D. Less than two times its initial value

Answer: C. more than two times its initial value

(vii) In a cyclic process, if ΔU = internal energy, W = work done, Q = Heat supplied then:

A. ΔU = Q
B. Q = 0
 C. W = 0
D. W = Q

Answer: D. W = Q

(viii) The current in a coil changes from 50A to 10A in 0.1 second. The self-
inductance of the coil is 20H. The induced e.m.f. in the coil is

A. 800V
B. 6000V
C. 7000V
D. 8000V

Answer: D. 8000V

(ix) The velocity of the bob of a seconds pendulum when it is 6 cm from its
mean position and the amplitude is 10 cm, is

A. 8π cm/s
B. 6π cm/s
C. 4π cm/s
D. 2 cm/s
Answer: C. 4π cm/s

(x) In a biprism experiment, the distance of the 20th bright band from the
central bright band is 1.2 cm. Without changing the experimental set-up, the
distance of the 30th bright band from the central bright band will be

A. 0.6 cm
B. 0.8 cm
C. 1.2 cm
D. 1.8 cm

Answer: D. 1.8 cm

Question. 2. Answer the following questions:

(i) Define centripetal force.
Answer:

(ii) Why is detergent powder mixed with water to wash clothes?

Answer:

(iii) What is the resistance of an ideal voltmeter?

Answer:

(iv) Write the formula for torque acting on a rotating Current-carrying coil in terms of
magnetic dipole moment, in vector form.
Answer:
(v) What is the binding energy of a hydrogen atom?

Answer:

(vi) What are surroundings in thermodynamics?

Answer:

(vii) In a photoelectric experiment, the stopping potential is 1.5V. What is the

maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron?

Answer:
(viii) Two capacitors of capacities 5µF and 10µF respectively are connected in
series. Calculate the resultant capacity of the
combination.

Answer:
 SECTION - B
Attempt any EIGHT of the following questions:

Question 3: Explain the change in internal energy of a thermodynamic system

(the gas) by heating it.

Answer:

Question 4: Explain the construction of a spherical wave front by using

Huygens
‘Principle.

Answer:
Question 5: Define magnetization. State its SI unit and dimensions.

Answer:

Question 6: Obtain the differential equation of linear simple harmonic

motion.

Answer:
Question 7: A galvanometer has a resistance of 302 ohms and its full-scale
deflection current is 20 microamperes (µA). What resistance should be
added to it to have a range of 0-10 volts?

Answer:
Question 8: Explain Biot-Savart law.

Answer:
Question 9: What is a Light Emitting Diode? Draw its circuit symbol.

Answer:

Question 10: An aircraft with a wing span of 60 m flies horizontally in the

Earth's magnetic field of 6 × 10-5 T at a speed of 500 m/s. Calculate the e.m.f.
induced between the tips of the wings of the aircraft.

Answer:
Question 11: Derive an expression for the maximum speed of a vehicle moving
along a horizontal circular track.
Answer:

Question 12: A horizontal force of 0.5 N is required to move a metal plate of

area 10^-2 m² with a velocity of 3 × 10-2 m/s when it rests on a 0.5 × 10-3 m thick
layer of glycerin. Find the coefficient of viscosity of glycerin.

Answer:
Question 13: Two tuning forks having frequencies 320 Hz and 340 Hz are
sounded together to produce sound waves. The velocity of sound in air is 340 m/s.
Find the difference in wavelength of these waves.

Answer:
Question 14: Calculate the change in angular momentum of an electron when it
jumps from the third orbit to the first orbit in a hydrogen atom.

Answer:
 SECTION - C
Attempt any EIGHT of the following questions:

Question 15: A circular coil of wire is made up of 200 turns, each of radius 10 cm.
If a current of 0.5 A passes through it, what will be the magnetic field at the
center of the coil?

Answer:
Question 16: Define photoelectric effect and explain the experimental set-
up of photoelectric effect.

Answer:

Question 17: Define the current gain alpha DC and beta DC for a
transistor. Obtain the relation between them.

Answer:
Question 18: Define surface energy of the liquid. Obtain the relation
between the surface energy and surface tension.

Answer:
 Solution 2

Question 19: What is an isothermal process? Obtain an expression for work

done by a gas in an isothermal process.

Answer:
Question 20: Derive an expression for the equation of stationary wave on a
stretched string. Show that the distance between two successive nodes or
antinodes is λ/2.

Answer:
Question 21: Derive an expression for the impedance of an LCR circuit
connected to an AC power supply. Draw the phasor diagram.
Answer:
Question 22: Calculate the wavelength of the first two lines in the Balmer
series of hydrogen atoms.

Answer:
Question 23: A current-carrying toroid winding is internally filled with lithium
having susceptibility X = 2.1 × 10^-5. What is the percentage increase in the
magnetic field in the presence of lithium over that without it?

Answer:

Question 24: The radius of a circular track is 200 m. Find the angle of banking
of the track, if the maximum speed at which a car can be driven safely along it
is 25 m/s.

Answer:
Question 25: Prove the Mayer's relation: CP - CV = R J

Answer:
Question 26: An alternating voltage is given by e = 8 sin(628.4t). Find (i)
Peak value of e.m.f.
(ii) Frequency of e.m.f.
(iii) Instantaneous value of e.m.f. at time t = 10 ms.

Answer:
 SECTION - D
Attempt any THREE of the following questions:

Question 27: What is a transformer? Explain construction and working of a transformer.

Derive the equation for a transformer.
Answer:
Question 28: Using the geometry of the double slit experiment, derive the
expression for fringe width of interference bands.

Answer:
Question 29: Distinguish between an ammeter and a voltmeter. (Two points
each).

Answer:

Question 30: Draw a neat labelled diagram of Ferry's perfectly black body.
Compare the rms speed of hydrogen molecules at 227°C with rms speed of oxygen
molecules at 127°C. Given that molecular masses of hydrogen and oxygen are 2 and
32 respectively.

Answer:
Question 31: Derive an expression for energy stored in a charged capacitor. A
spherical metal ball of radius 15 cm carries a charge of 2 µC. Calculate the
electric field at a distance of 20 cm from the center of the sphere.

Answer: