Density Of Solid - Experiment, Viva Voce EXPERIMENT Aim To determine the den: measuring cylinder. of solid (denser than water) by using a spring balance and a Theory 1. Density: The density of a substance is defined as the mass per unit volume,[D= 1] Here, D = Density of the body Mass of the body Volume of the body. 2. S11 unit of density = Kgm*or Kg/m* ©... unit of density = g/m? or g cm? 3. Floating bodies: The density of water is 1 g/cm? (c.g.s. system) and 1000 kg/m (S.1. system). 4, Case (a) If the density of a body is more than 1 g/cm or 1000 kg/m then the body will sink in water 5. Case (b) If the density of a body is less than 1 g/cm’ or 1000 kg/m’ then the body will float on water. 6. Case (c) If the density of a body is same i.e. 1 g/cm or 1000 kg/m’ then the body will half fioat and half submerge in water. Weight 1. The force due to the gravitational attraction of the earth that acts on a body is called weight. 2. (Weight) Force = mass x acceleration. Force = mass x acceleration due to gravity (9)Force = mass xg ie Weight=mxg 3, Weight of a body = Force on the body. 4. S.. unit = Newton = 1 kg mvs® N-=1 kgf 1 kilogram force, ie g=98mst 5. Weight is measured by spring balance. Materials Required A spring balance, a measuring cylinder, a beaker with water, a metal bob (or anybody ‘that is heavier than water and does not dissolve in water), a cotton string, a stand (optional) Procedure 4. Tie a metal bob (or any solid) with the string of cotton ta the hook of the spring balance. The spring balance should be checked for any error. Let the zero error be ‘x. 2. Hold the spring balance (or tie it to the stand), suspended with the metal bob in air. Measure the weight of the bob. Let its weight be W" 3. Pour the water in the measuring cylinder and record the initial volume of water, let itbe ‘Vy 4, Suspend the metal bob into the measuring cylinder with water. The bob should not touch the base, nor the sides of the cylinder. The water level rises, measure the increased water level, let this volume be‘ V;' 5. Record all your observations in the observation table and do the calculation to find the density of a given solid metal bob.Observations WEIGHT OF THE SOLID (METAL BOB) (M) Initial Reading of Final Reading of spring ‘Weight of the Metal Bob Spring balance, x balance with Metal Bob: (W,) W=W,-x 0 400 400 Mass of the Metal Bo! 1, Weight of the given Metal Bob = 400N = 400/9.8 = 40.89 VOLUME OF THE SOLED (METAL BOB) (V) Initial Volume of water im Final volume of water when ‘Volume of the Metal Bob ‘cylinder V, (mL) Metal Bob is immersed V, (mL) Vav,-¥, 40 0 20 Volume of water displaced by sold (metal bob) = 20 m 2. Density of a solid (metal bob) = nt = 2.04 g/cm? 1 mL of water = 1 cm* Result The density of given solid (Me Precautions jetal Bob) is 2.04 g/om* 4. The spring balance should be sensitive. 2. The zero error in the spring balance should be recorded before it is used to find the weight of solid. 3. Record the readings carefully of both spring balance and measuring cylinder by keeping the leve! of eye and the mark of reading same/parallel. 4, The solid/metal bob should not touch the bottom, or sides of the measuring oylinder. 5. Ifthe zero error in spring balance is 1 N then subtract this error from the final teading of the weight of solid/ metal bob.