khz;l;Nghh;l; gs;sp> Re;juelg;G> rptfq;if.

tFg;G: 10
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,ay;: 3 tpUe;J Nghw;WJk;

1. ,d;ikapYk;(tWikapYk;) tpUe;J Nghw;Wgth; jkpoh; vd;gij epWTf.

 tPl;bw;F te;jtUf;F twpa epiyapYk; Kad;W tpUe;jspj;J kfpo;e;jdh; ek;
Kd;Ndhh;.
 jhdpak; VJk; ,y;yhj epiyapy; tpijf;fhf itj;jpUe;j jpidia cuypy;
,l;Lf; Fj;jpnaLj;J tpUe;jpdUf;F tpUe;jspj;jhs; jiytp. ,jid
“Fuy;czq;F tpijj; jpid cuy;tha;g; nga;J ”
vd;W GwehD}W(333) $WfpwJ.
 New;W te;j tpUe;jpdiug; NgZtjw;Fg; nghUs; Njitg;gl;ljhy; ,Uk;gpdhy;
nra;j gioa this mlF itj;jhd; jiytd;.
 ,d;Wk; tpUe;jpdh; te;jjhy; jd; fUq;Nfhl;Lr; rPwpahiog; gizak; itj;J
tpUe;jspj;jhd; vd;fpwJ GwehD}W. ,ij
“,Uk;Gilg; goths; itj;jdd; ,d;W,f;
fUq;Nfhl;Lr; rPwpaho; gizak;…”
vd;w thpfs; GwehD}w;W(316) ghlybfspy; ,lk;ngWfpwJ.
 ,isahd;Fb khwehadhhpd; tPl;Lf;F te;j rptdbahh;f;F tpUe;jspf;f mthplk;
jhdpakpy;iy.
 vdNt md;W tpijj;Jtpl;L te;j ney;iy mhpj;J te;J> gpd; rikj;J tpUe;J
gilj;j jpwk; nghpaGuhzj;jpy; fhl;lg;gLfpwJ.
 ,t;thW jkpoh; tWikapYk; tpUe;JNghw;wpdh; vd;gij mwpaKbfpwJ.
2. goe;jkpoh; tpUe;ij my;yJ tpUe;jpdiu vjph;nfhz;l jd;ikia
tpsf;Ff.
o ,y;yj;jpy; nghpa thapiy %Ltjw;F Kd;dh;> czT cz;z Ntz;bath;fs;
ahNuDk; cs;sPh;fsh? vd;W Nfl;Fk; tof;fk; ,Ue;jij>
“gyu;GF thapy; milg;gf; flTeh; tUtPh; csPNuh”
vd;W FWe;njhif(118) $Wfpd;wJ.
o “kUe;Nj MapDk; tpUe;njhL cz;” vd;W nfhd;iw Nte;jdpy; Xsitahh;
ghbAs;shh;. mth; ghba jdpg;ghlypy;
“tufhprpr; NrhWk; tOJzq;fha; thl;Lk;
KuKnudNt Gspj;j NkhUk;-jpwKlNd
Gs;NtSh;g; G+jd;Ghpe;J tpUe;J ,l;lhd;”
vd;w nra;jpfs; %yk; ts;sy;fSk; tpUe;jpdiug; Nghw;wpdh; vd;gij
mwpaKbfpwJ.
3. jkpoh; ,d;W tpUe;Njhk;gypy; Vw;gLj;jpa khw;wq;fs; ahit?
 fhy khw;wj;jpy; tpUe;jpdh;fis tPl;Lf;Fs; mioj;J cztpLtJ Fiwe;jJ.
 tpUe;J Gug;gJ Fiwe;jjhy; rj;jpuq;fs; ngUfpd.
 njhpe;jth;fis kl;LNk tpUe;jpduhf Vw;wdh;.
 cw;whh; cwtpdh;fisAk;> ez;gh;fisAk; tpUe;jpduhf fUjpdh;.
 tPl;Lf;Fj; jpz;iz itj;Jf; fl;LtJ ,y;iy.
 mwpKfkpy;yhj Gjpath;fis tpUe;jpduhf Vw;gjpy;iy.
 midj;J Rg epfo;TfSk; ,y;y tpohf;fSk; jpUkzf; $lq;fSf;Fg; Gyk;
ngah;e;Jtpl;ld.
 gz;ghl;L khw;wkhf ,d;W rpy ,lq;fspy; tpUe;jpdh;fis tuNtw;gJ Kjy;
ge;jpapy; cgrhpj;J topaDg;Gk; tiu ‘jpUkz Vw;ghl;lhsh;’fNs nra;Ak;
tpUe;Njhk;gy; eilngWtijf;fhzKbfpwJ.
4. jkpou; jdpj;J cz;zhu; vd;gij tpsf;Ff.
 jdpj;J cz;zhik vd;gJ jkpoupd; tpUe;Njhk;gy; gz;gpd; mbg;gil.
 mkpo;jNk fpilj;jhYk; jhNk cz;zhJ gpwUf;Fk; nfhLg;gu; ey;Nyhu;.
 mj;jifNahuhy;jhd; cyfk; epiyj;jpUf;fpwJ. vd;gij>
“cz;lhy; mk;k ,t;Tyfk; ,e;jpuu;
mkpo;jk; ,iat jhapDk; ,dpJvdj;
jkpau; cz;lYk; ,yNk…” GwehD}W -182
 vd;W flYs; kha;e;j ,sk;ngUtOjp Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;.
5. my;ypy; (,utpy;) MapDk; tpUe;J Nghw;wpdu; jkpou; vd;gij tpsf;Ff
 tpUe;Njhk;gy; vd;gJ ngz;fspd; rpwe;j gz;GfSs; xd;W.
 eL,utpy; tpUe;jpdu; te;jhYk; kfpo;e;J tuNtw;W cztpLk; ey;ypay;G
FLk;gj; jiytpf;F cz;L. ,ij
“my;ypy; MapDk; tpUe;J tupd; ctf;Fk;”
 vd;w ew;wpiz(142) Fwpg;gpLfpwJ.

,ay; 3. fhrpf;fhz;lk;.
mjptPuuhk ghz;bah;.
1. tpUe;Njhk;gy; nra;Ak; ,y;yw xOf;fkhf fhrpf;fhz;lk; $Wtd ahit?
tpUe;Njhk;gy; nra;Ak; ,y;yw xOf;fkhf fhrpf;fhz;lk; $Wtd
tpUe;jpduhf xUth; te;jhy;>
 mtiu tpae;J ciuj;jy;>
 ey;y nrhw;fis ,dpikahfg; NgRjy;>
 Kfkyh;r;rpAld; mtiu Nehf;Fjy;>
 ‘tPl;bw;Fs; tUf’ vd;W tuNtw;wy;>
 mtu; vjphpy; epw;wy;>
 mtu; Kd; kdk; kfpOk;gb NgRjy;>
  mtu; mUfpNyNa mkh;e;J nfhs;Sjy;>
 mtu; tpilngw;Wr; nry;Yk;NghJ thapy;tiu gpd; njhlh;e;J nry;yy;>
 mtuplk; Gfo;r;rpahf Kfkd; $wp topaDg;Gjy;>
Mfpa xd;gJk; tpUe;Njhk;gy; nra;Ak; ,y;yw xOf;fkhFk; .
2. fhrpf; fhz;lk; kw;Wk; mjptPuuhk ghz;bah; - Mrphpah; Fwpg;G vOJf.
fhrpf;fhz;lk;
 fhrp efuj;jpd; ngUikfisf; $Wk; E}y;
 E}ypd; fUj;Jfs; JwT> ,y;ywk;> ngz;fSf;Fhpa gz;Gfs;> tho;tpay;
newpfs;> kWtho;tpy; milAk; ed;ikfs;
 ek; ghlg;gFjp ‘,y;nyhOf;fq; $wpa gFjpapy; 17m+k; ghly;.
mjptPuuhk ghz;bah;
 ngah; :mjptPuuhk ghz;bah;
 rpwg;G :Kj;Jf; Fspf;Fk; nfhw;ifapd; murh;
 gl;lg; ngah; :rPtykhwd;
 gilg;Gfs; :fhrpf;fhz;lk;> ieljk;> ypq;fGuhzk;> thA rk;fpij>
jpUf;fUit me;jhjp> $h;k Guhzk;.
3. ghliyg; gbj;J tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp
tpUe;jpddhf xUtd; te;J vjphpd;
tpaj;jy; ed;nkhop ,dpJ ciuj;jy;
tpdhf;fs;
1. nfhw;ifj; JiwKfk; mike;Js;s ,lk; 5. ,g;ghly; ,lk;ngw;w E}y;
Gfhh;(fhtpupg; G+k;gl;bdk;) fhrpf;fhz;lk;
2. fhrpefuj;jpd; ngUikiaf; $Wk; E}y; 6. muruhfTk; GytuhfTk; jpfo;e;jth;
fhrpf;fhz;lk; mjptPuuhk ghz;bah;
3. ntw;wpNtw;if vd;wiof;fg;gLtJ 7. mjptPuuhk ghz;bahpd; gl;lg;ngah;
eWe;njhif rPtykhwd;
4. ,g;ghlypd; Mrphpah;
mjptPuuhk ghz;bah;
nrhw;nghUs;
1. tpUe;jpdu; - cwtpdu; 5. vjpupd; - vjpupy; epw;wy;
2. ciuj;jy; - NgRjy; 6. Nehf;fy; - ghu;j;jy;
3. jpUj;Jw - Kfkyu;r;rp 7. vjpupd; - xUtiu eyk; tpdtpf; $Wk;
4. mUFw - mUfpy; tpUe;Njhk;gy; nrhw;fs;
 ,ay; 3. kiygLflhk;
ngUq;nfsrpfdhu;

1. $j;jidf; $j;jd; Mw;Wg;gLj;jiyf; $j;juhw;Wg;gilvt;thW fhl;LfpwJ?

Mw;Wg;gil
ts;sy; xUthplk; ghpR ngw;w $j;jd;> ghprpy; ngwg; NghFk; $j;jid mioj;J>
ahk; ,t;tplj;Nj nrd;W ,d;dnty;yhk; ngw;W tUfpd;Nwhk;. ePAk; me;j ts;syplk;
nrd;W ghprpy; ngw;W tho;thahf vd;W $wp Mw;Wg;gLj;JjNy Mw;Wg;gil MFk;.
kd;ddpd; $j;jh;fs;
 $j;jh;fNs ePq;fs;>
 gfypy; ,isg;ghwpr; nry;Yq;fs;. ,utpy; Nrh;e;J jq;Fq;fs;.
 vhpAk; neUg;igg;Nghy xspUk;G+q;nfhj;Jfisr; Rw;wj;NjhL mzpe;Jnfhs;Sq;fs;.
 rpte;j G+f;fs; nfhz;l mNrhf kuq;fis cila ghijapy; nry;Yq;fs;.
 %q;fpy;fs; Xir vOg;Gk; fbdg; ghijapy; nrd;W kiyr;rhptpy; cs;s rpw;W}iu
milAq;fs;.
 giftiug; ngwhky; Nghh; nra;Ak; typa Kaw;rpia cilatd; kd;dd;.
 mJkl;Lkd;wp> khdKk; ntw;wpAk; cilatd;.
 ,j;jifa kd;ddpd; $j;jh;fs; vd;W nrhy;Yq;fs; .
jpidr;NrhW
 mjd; gpwF>
ePq;fs; cq;fs; tPl;bw;Fs; NghtJ NghyNt> mth;fSila tPlLf;;Fs;
chpikAld; EioAq;fs;
 cwtpdh; NghyNt mth;fs; cq;fSld; goFth;.
 ePz;l topiaf; fle;J te;j cq;fspd; Jd;gk; jPu ,dpa nrhw;fisf; $Wth;.
 mq;Nf> fhdth;fs; nra;J itj;j nea;apy; nte;j khkprj;jpd; nghhpaiyAk;
jpidr;Nrhw;iwAk; czthfg; ngWtPh;fs; vd;W> ghbg; ghpRg; ngw;w $j;jh;
Mw;Wg;gLj;jpdh;.
2. kiygLflhk; - E}w;Fwpg;G tiuf.
o gj;Jg;ghl;L E}y;fSs; xd;W.
o mbfs; - 583
o NtWngah; - $j;juhw;Wg;gil
o ngah;f; fhuzk;- kiyia ahidahf cUtfk; nra;J kiyapy; vOk;
Xirfis mjd; kjk; vd;W tpsf;Ftjhy; ,g;ngau; ngw;wJ.
o ghl;Lilj; jiytu; - ed;dd; vd;Dk; FWepy kd;dd;.
o Mrpupau;; - ,uzpa Kl;lj;Jg; ngUq;Fd;W}u; ngUq;nfsrpfdhu;
3. nghUs; jUf.
1. rpyk;G - kiy 7. mir, - ,isg;ghwp
2. g&cf;Fiw - gUj;j khkprk; 8. my;fp - jq;fp
3. euy; - xyp 9. fLk;G - Rw;wk;
 4. fio - %q;fpy; 10. Mup - mUik
5. my; - ,uT 11. gLfu; - gs;sk;
6. ,y; - tPL 12. fpotph; - cwtpdh;
13. Nrl;(Nra;ik) - ePz;l J}uk;
4. ghliyg; gbj;J tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp
“Ek;,y; Nghy epy;yhJ Gf;F
fpotPh; Nghyf; NfshJ nfoP, ”
tpdhf;fs;
1. kiygLflhk; ----------------- E}y;fSs; xd;W.
gj;Jg;ghl;L
2. ,e;E}ypd; Mrphpah;
ngUq;nfsrpfdhh;
3. ,g;ghlypd; ghl;Lilj; jiytd;
ed;dd; vd;Dk; FWepy kd;dd;
4. Mw;Wg;gLj;Jjy; vd;gJ
topg;gLj;Jjy;