1. A heavy particle is suspended by a string of length l from a fixed-point O.

The particle is given a horizontal velocity 𝑣0 . The string slacks at some

angle and the particle proceed on a parabola. Find the value of 𝑣0 if the
particle passes through the point of suspension.

Ans: 𝒗𝟎 = √𝒈𝒍(𝟐 + √𝟑) m/s

2. A particle is suspended vertically from a point O

by an inextensible massless string of length L.
A vertical line AB is at a distance of (L/8) from
O as shown. The particle is given a horizontal
velocity u. At some point, its motion ceases to
be circular and eventually the object passes through
the line AB. At the instant of crossing AB, its velocity is horizontal. Find u.

𝟑√𝟑
Ans: u = √𝒈𝒍(𝟐 + ) m/s
𝟐

3. A heavy particle hanging from a fixed point by a light inextensible string

of length l is projected horizontally with speed √𝑔𝑙. Find the speed of the
particle and the inclination of the string to the vertical at the instant of
the motion when the tension in the string is equal to the weight of the
𝒈𝒍
particle. Ans: v = √ m/s
𝟑

4. A smooth circular tube of radius R is fixed in a vertical plane. A particle is

projected from its lowest point with a velocity just sufficient to carry it to

the highest point. Calculate the time taken by the particle to reach the

𝑹
end of the horizontal diameter. Ans: t = √ 𝐥𝐧(𝟏 + √𝟐) s
𝒈

5. A heavy particle slides under gravity down the

inside of a smooth vertical tube held in vertical

plane. It starts from the highest point with velocity

√2𝑎𝑔 , where a is the radius of the circle. Find the

 angular position 𝜃 (as shown in the figure) at which the vertical

𝟐
acceleration of the particle is maximum. Ans: 𝜽 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 ( )
𝟑

6. A spherical ball of mass m is kept at the highest point in space between

two fixed concentric spheres A and B (see figure). The smaller sphere has

a radius R and the space between the two spheres has a width d. The ball

has diameter just less than d. All surfaces are frictionless. The ball is

given a gentle push (towards the right). The angle made by the radius

vector of the ball with upward vertical is denoted by θ.

(a) Express the total normal reaction force

exerted by the spheres as a function of θ.

(b) Let NA and NB denote the magnitudes of

normal reaction forces on the ball exerted

by the spheres A and B respectively. Sketch the variations of NA and NB as

function of cos θ in the range of 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋 by drawing two separate

graphs.

Ans:

7. A light thread is tightly wrapped around a fixed disc of radius R. A

particle of mass m is tied to the end P of the thread and the vertically
hanging part of the string has length 𝜋R. The particle is imparted a
 4𝜋𝑔𝑅
horizontal velocity 𝑉 = √ . The string wraps
3

around the disc as the particle moves up. At the

instant the velocity of the particle makes an angle
of θ = 600 with horizontal, calculate:
(a) speed of the particle (b) tension in the string

𝒎𝒈 𝟑√𝟑
Ans: 𝒗 = √√𝟑𝒈𝑹, 𝑻 = (𝟏 + )N
𝟐 𝝅

8. Bob of a simple pendulum of length L is projected

horizontally with a speed of 𝑢 = √4𝑔𝑙, from the lowest

position. Find the distance of the bob from vertical line
AB, at the moment its tangential acceleration becomes zero.

𝟓√𝟓 𝑳
Ans:
𝟐𝟕

9. A pendulum has length L = 1.8 m. The bob is

released from position shown in figure. Find
the tension in the string when the bob
reaches the lowest position. Mass of the
bob is 1 kg. Ans: 35 N

10. A tube of mass M hangs from a thread and two balls of mass m slide
inside it without friction (see figure). The balls
are released simultaneously from the top of the
ring and slide down on opposite sides. θ defines
the positions of balls at any time as shown in
figure.
3𝑀
(a) Show that ring will start to rise if 𝑚 ≥ .
2

(b) If M = 0, find the angle θ at which the tube begins to rise.

𝟐
Ans: (b) 𝜽 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 ( )
𝟑
11. A circular tube of mass M is placed vertically on a
horizontal surface in the figure. Two small spheres,
each of mass m, just fit in the tube, are released from
the top. If 𝜃 gives the angle between radius vector of
either ball with the vertical, obtain the value of the ratio
M/m if the tube breaks its contact with ground when 𝜃 = 600 . Neglect any
friction. Ans: 0.5
12. A person rolls a small ball with speed u
along the floor from point A. If x = 3R,
determine the required speed u so that
the ball returns to A after rolling on the
circular surface in the vertical plane from
B to C and becoming a projectile at C. What is the minimum value of x for
which the game could be played if contact must be maintained at point C.
Neglect friction. Ans: 2R

13. A small object loops a vertical loop of

radius R in which a symmetrical section

of 2𝛼 has been removed. Find the maximum

and minimum heights from which the object

after loosing contact with the loop at point A and flying through sir, will

reach point B. Find the corresponding angles of the section of the section

removed for which this is possible.

Ans: (2.414 R) ≤ H ≤ 2.5 R, 450 ≤ 𝜶 ≤ 600

14. A thin circular rod is supported in a vertical

plane by a bracket at A. Attached to the bracket

and loosely wound around the rod is a spring of

constant k = 40 Nm-1 and undeformed length

 equal to arc of the circle AB. A 0.2 kg collar C, not attached to the spring,

can slide without friction along the rod. The collar is released from rest at

an angle θ with the vertical. (a) Make the equation for minimum value of θ

for which the collar will pass through D and reach point A. (b) Determine

the velocity of collar as it reaches point A for minimum value of θ. (Take

g = 10 ms-2). Ans: (a) 𝟑𝜽𝟐𝒎𝒊𝒏 = (𝟏 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝒎𝒊𝒏 ), (b) 2.45 m/s

15. A small sphere ties to the string of length 0.8 m

is describing a vertical circle so that the
maximum and minimum tensions in the string
are in the ratio 3: 1. The fixed end of the string
is at a height of 5.8 m above ground.
(a) Find the velocity of the sphere at the lowest
point
(b) If the string suddenly breaks at the lowest position, when and where
will the sphere hit the ground? Ans: (a) 8 m/s, (b) 8 m
16. A point mass m starts from rest and slides down the surface of a
frictionless hemisphere of radius r as shown in figure. Measure angle
from the vertical and potential energy from the top.
(a) Find the change in potential energy of the
mass with angle.
(b) Find the kinetic energy as a function of angle.
(c) Find the radial and tangential accelerations as a function of angle.
(d) Find the angle at which the mass flies off the hemisphere.
(e) If there is friction between mass and hemisphere, does the mass fly of
at a greater or lesser angle than in part (d)?
𝟐
Ans: (a) 𝒎𝒈𝒓 (𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽 − 𝟏),(b) 𝒎𝒈𝒓 (𝟏 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽),(c) 𝒈 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽,(d) 𝜽 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 ( ),
𝟑

(e) greater
17. A particle of mass m is kept on the top of a smooth sphere of radius R. It
is given a sharp impulse which imparts it a horizontal speed v.
 (a) Find the normal force between the sphere and the particle just after
the impulse.
(b) What should be the minimum value of v for which the particle does not
slip on the sphere?
(c) Assuming the velocity v to be half the minimum calculated in part (b),
find the angle made by the radius through the particle with the vertical
when it leaves the sphere.
𝒎𝒗𝟐 𝟑
Ans: (a) 𝑵 = 𝒎𝒈 − , (b) 𝒗𝒎𝒊𝒏 = √𝒈𝑹 (c) 𝜽 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬−𝟏 ( )
𝑹 𝟒

18. A block is tied to one end of a light string of length l whose other end is
7𝑔𝑙
fixed to a rigid support. The block is given a speed of √ from the lowest
2

most position. Find the height and speed at which the block leaves the
circle. Also find the maximum height to which it rises finally.
𝟑𝒍 √𝒈𝒍 𝟐𝟕 𝒍
Ans: 𝒉 = ,𝒗 = ,𝑯 =
𝟐 𝟐 𝟏𝟔

19. In the given system, when the ball of mass m is released, it will swing
down the dotted arc.
(a) how fast will it reach the lowest point
in its swing? A nail is located at a distance
d below the point of suspension
(b) Show that d must be 0.6l, if the ball is to
swing completely around ta circle centred
along the nail.
(c) If d = 0.6l, find the change in tension in the string just after it touches

the nail. Ans: (a) 𝒗 = √𝟐𝒈𝒍, (c) ∆𝑻 = 𝟑𝒎𝒈

20. A particle tied to the end of a string oscillates along a circular arc in a

vertical plane. The other end of the string is fixed at the centre of the

circle. If the string has a breaking strength of twice the weight of the

particle,

(a) find the maximum distance that the particle can cover in one cycle of
 oscillation. The length of the sting is 50 cm.

(b) find the tension in the extreme position.

(c) find the acceleration of the particle at bottom and extreme position.

𝟐𝝅 √𝟑 𝒈
Ans: (a) m (b) mg/2 (c) (𝒂𝒏𝒆𝒕 )𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒕𝒐𝒎 = 𝒈, (𝒂𝒏𝒆𝒕 )𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 =
𝟑 𝟐

21. A man inside the lift swings a stone tied to a string of length l in a vertical

plane. The string remains taut through out the time of rotation of the

stone.

Case I: The lift accelerates vertically upwards with acceleration a1 = g/2

For case-I choose the correct option(s)

(a) The minimum speed u1 of the stone (relative to

the lift) required at the lowest point of its path for

successful completion of the loop is √5𝑔𝑙.

(b) The tension at the lowest point of its path for just completing the

circular motion is 6mg.

(c) The tension at the lowest point of its path for just completing the

circular motion is 9mg.

(d) The minimum speed u1 of the stone (relative to the lift) required at the

lowest point of its path for successful completion of the loop is √15𝑔𝑙.

Ans: C

Case II: The lift accelerates towards right with an

acceleration a2 = g. For case-II choose the correct

option(s)
 (a) The minimum speed u2 of the stone (relative to the lift) required at the

lowest point of its path for successful completion of the loop is

√(2 + 3√2)𝑔𝑙.

(b) The minimum speed u2 of the stone (relative to the lift) required at the

lowest point of its path for successful completion of the loop is

√(2 + 4√2)𝑔𝑙.

(c) The maximum possible tension in the string, if the particle just

completes the circular motion is 6mg.

(d) The maximum possible tension in the string, if the particle just

completes the circular motion is 7√2 mg. Ans: A

22. A pendulum bob can swing along a circular path on a smooth inclined
plane as shown in the figure, where m = 1.2 kg, l = 0.75 m, 𝜃 = 370. At
the lowest point of the circle the tension in the string is T = 110 N.
Determine
(a) The speed of the bob at the lowest point
(b) The speed of the bob at the height point on
the circle.
(c) The tension in the string when the bob is
at the highest point
Ans: (a) 8 m/s (b) 6.78 m/s (c) 166 N
23. A cabin is moving upwards with a constant
acceleration g. A boy standing in the cabin
wants to whirl a particle of mass m in a
vertical circle of radius l. (Mass is attached to
an ideal string). Calculate the minimum velocity
which should be provided at lowermost point

(w.r.t cabin) so that particle can just complete the circle. Ans: √𝟏𝟎 𝒈𝒍
24. A physics professor performs an experiment
inside a stationary train. He observes that
minimum speed at lowest position needed
by a pendulum bob connected with a light
string to complete a vertical circle is 10 m/s
find the minimum speed u needed at the
lowest position so as to complete the vertical circle when the train is
moving horizontally at an acceleration of a = 7.5 m/s 2. (g = 10 m/s2)

Ans: 𝒗𝒎𝒊𝒏 = √𝟏𝟏𝟓 m/s

25. A ball of mass is released from point A where, 𝜃0 = 530 . Length of
pendulum is l. Find v, ar, at, a, T and Fnet at
(a) point A
(b) point C
(c) point P, where 𝜃 = 370

𝟒𝒈 𝟒𝒈 𝟑 𝟒
Ans: (a) v = 0, 𝒂𝒓 = 𝟎, 𝒂𝒕 = ; 𝒂 = 𝒂𝒕 = ,𝑻= 𝒎𝒈, 𝑭𝒏𝒆𝒕 = 𝒎𝒈
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓

𝟒 𝟒𝒈 𝟒𝒈 𝟗 𝟒
(b) v = √ 𝒈𝒍, 𝒂𝒓 = , 𝒂𝒕 = 𝟎 ; 𝒂 = 𝒂𝒓 = ,𝑻= 𝒎𝒈, 𝑭𝒏𝒆𝒕 = 𝒎𝒈
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓

𝟐 𝟐𝒈 𝟑𝒈 𝒈 𝟔 √𝟏𝟑
(c) v = √ 𝒈𝒍, 𝒂𝒓 = , 𝒂𝒕 = ; 𝒂 = √𝟏𝟑 , 𝑻 = 𝒎𝒈, 𝑭𝒏𝒆𝒕 = 𝒎𝒈
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓

26. A frictionless track consists of a horizontal part of unknown length, which

connects to a vertical semicircle of radius r as
shown. An object, which is given an initial velocity
u, is to move along the track in such a way that
after leaving the semicircle at the top it is to fall
back to its initial position. What should the minimum length(L) of the
horizontal part be? Ans: 2r
27. A simple pendulum consisting of a mass M
attached in a string of length L is released
from rest at an angle . A pin is located at a
distance l below the pivot point. When the
pendulum swings down, the string hits the pin as shown in the figure.
 Assuming that after hitting the pin, the pendulum just oscillates, then the
maximum angle θ which string makes with the vertical after hitting the
pin is
𝐿 cos 𝛼 + 𝑙 𝐿 cos 𝛼 + 𝑙
(a) cos −1 ( ) (b) cos −1 ( )
𝐿+ 𝑙 𝐿− 𝑙
𝐿 cos 𝛼− 𝑙 𝐿 cos 𝛼 − 𝑙
(c) cos −1 ( ) (d) cos −1 ( ) Ans: C
𝐿− 𝑙 𝐿+ 𝑙

28. A particle of mass 5 kg is free to slide on a smooth

ring of radius r = 20 cm fixed in a vertical plane. The
particle is attached to one end of a spring whose other
end is fixed to the top point O of the ring. Initially the
particle is at rest at a point A of the ring such that
∠OCA = 600, C being the centre of the ring. The natural length of the
spring is also equal to r = 20 cm. After the particle is released and slides
down the ring the contact force between the particle & the ring becomes
zero when it reaches the lowest position B. Determine the force constant
of the spring. Ans: 500 N/m
29. A simple pendulum consists of a bob of mass m and
a string of length R suspended from a peg P1 on the
wall. A second peg P2 is fixed vertically below the first
one at a distance 3R/7 from it. The pendulum is
drawn aside such that the string is horizontal and
released. Calculate the maximum height (with respect to the lowest point)
to which it rises. Ans: 27R/28

14
30. One end of a string of length l = m is fixed and a mass of
9

1 kg is tied to the other end. The ball is given a velocity 2√𝑔𝑙

at the bottom most point as shown in figure. The string is cut
when the ball becomes horizontal. Find the distance (in m)
22
travelled till it stop for the 1st time (Take 𝜋 = ). Ans: 4
7

31. A ball is attached to a horizontal cord of length L whose other end is fixed,
(a) If the ball is released, what will be its speed at the lowest point of its
 path? (b) A peg is located a distance h directly below the point of
attachment of the cord. If h = 0.75 L, what will be the speed of the ball
when it reaches the top of its circular path about the peg?

Ans: (a) √𝟐𝒈𝒍, (b) √𝒈𝒍

32. A particle is given a certain velocity v at point P as
shown on a hemispherical smooth surface. Find the
value of v (in m/s), such that when particle reaches
Q, the normal reaction of surface becomes equal to
particle's weight. [R = 1.6 m, g = 10 m/s2] Ans: 4
33. A particle is suspended by a string of length 'l'. It is projected with such a
velocity v along the horizontal such that after the string becomes slack it
𝟕𝒈𝒍
flies through its initial position. Find v. Ans: √
𝟐

34. A nail is located at a certain distance vertically below the point of

suspension of a simple pendulum. The pendulum bob is released from the
position where the string makes an angle of 60° from the vertical.
Calculate the distance of the nail from the point of suspension such that
the bob will just perform revolution with the nail as centre. Assume the
length of pendulum to be 1 m. Ans: 0.8 m
35. A bucket tied at the end of a 1.6 m long string is whirled in a vertical
circle with constant speed. What should be the minimum speed so that
the water from the bucket does not spill, when the bucket is at the
highest position (Take g = 10 m/sec 2) Ans: 4 m/s
36. A small ball of mass 0.1 kg is placed on a smooth plane surface OA which
acquires a semi-circular shape ABC of radius 2 m. The ball just touches a
light spring of stiffness 1000 Nm−1 The ball is pushed to the left so as to
compress the spring by a distance x and is then released. This ball then
starts moving towards the circular track
ABC as shown in Figure. Take g= 10 ms-2
(a) Calculate the minimum work done by
external agent to push the ball to the left
through 50 cm.
 (b) If the ball is pushed to the left by 5 cm and released, then calculate
the normal force on the ball just after crossing A and the maximum angle
made by the ball with PA on the circular track when it comes to rest.
(c) Find the minimum distance xmin through which the ball should be
pushed to the left and released so that it can reach upto the point C.
(d) If the ball is pushed to left through 0.7xmin, then calculate the reaction
force between ball and track at point B and the maximum height attained
by the ball above horizontal surface OA.
𝟑
Ans: (a) 1.25 J; (b) 2.25 N, 𝜽 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 ( ); (c) 0.1 m; (d) 0.45 N, 2.45 m
𝟖

37. A small box of mass m is kept on a fixed, smooth sphere of radius R at

a position where the radius through the box makes an angle of 30° with
the vertical. The box is released from this position. Calculate the force
exerted by the sphere on the box just after the release. Also calculate the
distance travelled by the box before it leaves contact with the sphere.
√𝟑 𝟐𝝅𝑹
Given that cos−1 (0.577) ≈ 54°. Ans: N = mg,
𝟐 𝟏𝟓

38. A smooth surface hemisphere is fixed on a ground

as shown in figure. From the topmost point of it,
a small block starts sliding with no initial velocity.
Calculate the distance s between the centre of
base circle of hemisphere and the point where
particle strikes the ground. Also find the time taken by the particle to
𝑹 𝟏 𝑹
strike the ground. Ans: 𝒔 = (𝟒√𝟐𝟑 + 𝟓√𝟓), 𝒕 = √ (√𝟒𝟔 − √𝟏𝟎)
𝟐𝟕 𝟑 𝟑𝒈

39. The two particles of mass m and 2m respectively

are connected by a rigid rod of negligible mass
and slide with negligible friction in a circular path
of radius r on the inside of the vertical circular
ring. If the system is released from rest at θ = 0°
determine (a) the velocity v of the particles when
the rod passes the horizontal position, (b) the
 maximum velocity vmax of the particles and (c) the maximum value of θ.

Ans: (a) 𝒗 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟔𝟒√𝒈𝒓, (b) 𝒗𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟎𝟖√𝒈𝒓, (c) 𝜽𝒎𝒂𝒙 ≈ 𝟏𝟐𝟕𝟎

40. Two-point masses each of mass m are connected to the light rod
of length 2l which is free to rotate in a vertical plane as shown.
Calculate the minimum horizontal velocity is given to mass so
that it completes the circular motion in vertical plane.
𝟒𝟖𝒈𝒍
Ans: √
𝟓

41. A stone tied to a string of length 5 m is whirled in a vertical circle with the
other end of the string at the centre. At a certain instant of time, the stone
is at the lowest position and has a speed of 10 ms−1. Calculate the
magnitude of the change in velocity as it reaches a position where the
string is horizontal. Take g = 10 ms−2. Ans: 10 ms-1
42. A bob B of mass m of the pendulum AB is given an initial

velocity √3𝑔𝐿 in the horizontal direction. Calculate the

maximum height of the bob from the starting point if AB
happens to be a very light (a) rod. (b) string.
𝟒𝟎
Ans: (a) H = 1.5L (b) 𝑯 = 𝑳
𝟐𝟕

43. A particle is projected along the inside of a vertical hoop of radius r from
its lowest point with such a velocity that it leaves the hoop and returns to
the point of projection again. Find the velocity of projection and determine
where the particle leaves the hoop.
𝟕𝒈𝒓
Ans: 𝒖 = √ , θ = 300 with horizontal
𝟐

44. A particle is given an initial speed u inside a smooth

spherical shell so that it is just able to complete the
circle. Acceleration of the particle, when its velocity is
vertical will be

(a) 3g (b) g (c) √10 g (d) √6 g Ans: C

45. In the given system, when the ball of mass m is released from position A,
it swings down the dotted arc. A nail is located at a distance d below the
point of suspension such that the ball just swings
completely around a circle centered on the nail.
Then minimum value of d possible is
(a) 0.6 L (b) 0.4 L
(c) 0.5 L (d) 0.3 L Ans: A

46. A particle of mass m begins to slide down a fixed smooth sphere from the
top. What is its tangential acceleration when it leaves contact with the
√𝟓
sphere? Ans: 𝒈
𝟑

47. A bob is suspended from a crane by a

cable of length l = 5 m. The crane and
load are moving at a constant speed
𝑣0 . The crane is stopped by an obstacle
such that the bob on the cable swings
out an angle of 60°. The initial speed is 𝑣0 (g = 9.8 ms-2)
(a) 10 ms−1 (b) 7 ms−1 (c) 4 ms−1 (d) 2 ms-1 Ans: B
48. A particle of mass m attached to a string of length l is describing circular
motion on a smooth plane inclined that makes an angle with the
horizontal. For the particle to reach the highest point its minimum
velocity at the lowest point should be

(a) √5𝑔𝑙 (b) √5𝑔𝑙 (cos 𝛼 + 1) (c) √5𝑔𝑙 tan 𝛼 (d) √5𝑔𝑙 sin 𝛼 Ans: D
49. An object of mass m is released from rest at N
to move along the fixed smooth circular track of
radius R as shown in figure. Find the ratio of
magnitudes of centripetal force and normal
𝑭𝑪 𝟐
reaction of the track on the object at the point P. Ans: =
𝑵 𝟑

50. A particle of mass m attached to an inextensible light string is moving in a

vertical circle of radius r. Velocity at the highest point is 𝑣0 and is just
sufficient to complete the vertical circle. Tension in the string when it
 3𝑚𝑣02 9𝑚𝑣02
becomes horizontal is (a) (b) (c) 3mg
𝑟 𝑟

(A) a only (B) b only (C) Both b and c (D) Both a and c
Ans: D
1
51. A small block slides with velocity 𝑣0 = √𝑔𝑟
2

on the horizontal frictionless surface as

shown in the figure. The block leaves the
surface at point C. Find the angle θ in the
𝟑
figure. Ans: 𝐜𝐨𝐬−𝟏 ( )
𝟒

52. A smooth sphere of radius R is made to translate in a straight line with a

constant acceleration whose magnitude is equal to the value of
acceleration due to gravity. A particle kept on the top of the sphere is
released from there with zero velocity with respect to the sphere. The
speed of particle with respect to the sphere as a function of angle θ with
the vertical, as it slides down is
√𝑅𝑔(sin 𝜃+ cos 𝜃)
(a) (b) √𝑅𝑔(1 − sin 𝜃 + cos 𝜃 )
2

(c) √4𝑅𝑔 sin 𝜃 (d) √2𝑅𝑔(1 + sin 𝜃 − cos 𝜃 ) Ans: D

53. A ball of mass m is attached to one end of a light
rod of length l, the other end of which is hinged.
The mini mum velocity v that should be imparted
to the ball downwards, so that it can complete the circle is

(a) √𝑔𝑙 (b) √2𝑔𝑙 (c) √3𝑔𝑙 (d) √5𝑔𝑙 Ans: B

54. There are two identical balls each of m = 0.2Kg
suspended from two threads of length L=1m and
L/2. The threads are made of same material, and
in their vertical position the two balls touch each
other. If the ball hanging on the longer thread is
released from an angle 0  600 with vertical, then the thread breaks just
before the collision. If the maximum angle from which this ball hanging
from longer thread can be released with vertical, so that none of the
1
threads break after perfect elastic collision is   cos (x/y), find the value
 of (X + Y). Ans:
55. A Block A is placed on a smooth horizontal surface
and a particle C is suspended with the help of light
rod from point B of the block as shown. Now both
the block A and the particle C are given velocity v0
towards left. The block A strikes a fixed wall and
suddenly stops. Then, (The rod BC is free to rotate about B)
(A) The smallest velocity v 0 for which the particle C will swing in a full

circle about the point B is √4𝑔𝑙.

(B) The smallest velocity v0 for which the particle C will swing in a full

circle about the point B is √𝑔𝑙 .

(C) Velocity of point C at the highest point of the circle (for the smallest
value of v0) is zero.
(D) Velocity of point C at the highest point of the circle (for the smallest

value of v0) is √𝑔𝑙. Ans: A, C

56. A pendulum of length l is suspended on a flat car that
is moving with a velocity u on the horizontal road. If
the car is suddenly stopped, then, (assume bob of
pendulum does not collide anywhere)
(a) the maximum angle θ with the initial vertical line through which the
𝑢
pendulum swing is sin−1 ( )
2√𝑔𝑙

(b) the maximum angle θ with the initial vertical line through which the
𝑢
pendulum swing is 2 sin−1 ( )
2√𝑔𝑙

(c) if maximum angle is 60°, l = 5 m and g = 9.8 ms-2 then the initial speed
of car u is 7 ms−1
(D) if maximum angle θ is 30°, l =5 m and g = 9.8 ms−2, then the initial
speed of car u is 6 ms-1. Ans: B, C
57. A small spherical ball is suspended through a string of length l. The whole
arrangement is placed in a vehicle which is moving with velocity v. Now
suddenly the vehicle stops and ball starts moving along a circular path. If
 tension in the string at the highest point is twice the weight of the ball
and 𝑣′ be the velocity of ball at the highest point, then

(a) 𝑣 = √5𝑔𝑙 (b) 𝑣 = √7𝑔𝑙 (c) 𝑣 ′ = √𝑔𝑙 (d) 𝑣 ′ = √3𝑔𝑙 Ans: B, D

58. A small sphere B of mass m is released from rest in the position shown
and swings freely in a vertical plane, first about O and then about the peg
A after the cord comes in contact with the peg.
Based on above information, answer the
following questions.
1. The tension in the cord just before it comes
in contact with the peg Ans: 1.5 mg
2. The tension in the cord just after it comes in
contact with the peg Ans: 2.5 mg
59. A ball is released from point A as shown in figure. The ball leaves the
track at B. All surfaces are smooth.
Based on above information, answer the
following questions.
1. Let h be the maximum height from ground
reached by ball after leaving track at B. Then
(a) h = 6 m
(b) h < 6 m
(c) h > 6 m
(d) speed of ball at B will change if shape of track is changed keeping h A
and hB constant Ans: B
2. If track makes an angle 30° with horizontal at B then maximum height
attained by ball will be
(a) 3 m (b) 4 m (c) 4.5 m (d) 5 m Ans: A
60. A bob of mass 1 kg is suspended from an inextensible string of length
1 m. When the string makes an angle of 60° with the vertical, speed of the
bob is 4 ms−1. Based on above information, answer the following
questions.
1. Net acceleration of the bob at this instant Ans: 18.2 ms-2
 2. The maximum height upto which the bob will rise with respect to the
bottom most point
(A) 1.3 m (B) >1.3 m (C) < 1.3 m (d)> 2 m Ans: C
61. A block is released from height h (≠ 0) on a rough track AB as shown in
figure. The coefficient of friction between the block and the surface is
μ = 0.5 and the track BC is smooth. From C onwards there is a circular
smooth track of radius R = 50 cm. Given tan θ= 3/4 and g = 10 ms-2.
Based on above information, answer the following questions.
1. For what value of h block does not leave contact with any surface.
(A) h = 2.5 m (B) h ≤ 2 m (C) h = 2 m (D) h ≤ 1.5 m Ans: D
2. If the block is placed on the above calculated height, how many times
will the block cross point C?
(A) Infinite number of times (B) 2 times (C) 4 times (D) 3 times
Ans: A
62. A small ball is given some velocity at point A towards right so that it
moves on the semicircular track and does not leave contact upto the
highest point B. After leaving the highest point B, it falls at the top of a
building of height R and width x (x ≪2 R). (All the surfaces are
frictionless).
Based on above information, answer the
following questions.
1. The velocity given to the ball at point A so
that it may hit the top of the building.

Ans: √𝟔𝒈𝑹
2. If the collision of ball with the building is elastic, then the angle with
the horizontal at which the ball will rebound from the top of the building
is
(A) 30° (B) 45° (C) 60° (D) 90° Ans: B
3. The horizontal distance of the ball from the foot of building where the

ball strikes the horizontal ground. Ans: 𝟐(𝟏 + √𝟐)𝑹

63. A particle of mass m is suspended vertically from a point O by an
inextensible massless string of length L. A vertical line AB is at a distance
3√3
𝐿 from O as shown in figure. The object is given a horizontal velocity
8

7𝑔𝐿
u=√ . At some point, its motion ceases to be circular and eventually
2

the object passes through the line AB. At the instant of crossing AB, its
velocity is horizontal. Based on above information, answer the following
questions.
1. The magnitude of the change in its velocity as it
reaches a position, where the string is horizontal.

Ans: √𝟓𝒈𝑳
2. When the particle’s motion ceases to be circular,
the angle made by the string with the horizontal.
Ans: 300
3. When the particle leaves the circular path its velocity vector.
𝒈𝑳
Ans: 𝒗
⃗ =√ (−√𝟑𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂)
𝟐

64. A bucket filled with water is whirled in a vertical circle of radius R.

What can be the minimum speed at the top of the path if water does not
fallout from the bucket? If the bucket moves with this speed, find the
normal contact force the bucket exerts on water at the lowest point of
the path? Ans: 2mg
65. An aircraft loops the loop of radius R = 3000 m with a constant speed
v = 200 m/s. Find the weight of the flyer of mass m = 60 kg in the
lower, upper and middle points of the loop.
Ans: 1400 N, 200 N, 1000 N
66. A particle of mass m is attached to a string of length L and given
velocity 10gl in the horizontal direction at the lowest point. Find

tension in the string when the particle is at (a) (i) lowest position,
(ii) highest position, (b) when the string makes an angle 60° with
(i) lower vertical and (ii) upper vertical.
 Ans: (a) (i) T1 = 11 mg, (ii) T2 = 5mg; (b) (i) T1 = 9.5 mg, (ii) T2 = 6.5mg;
67. A ball of mass m is attached to a fixed point by a light inextensible
string describes a circle in a vertical plane. The tension in the string
has the values  mg and  mg, respectively, when the particle is at the
highest and the lowest points in the path. Find the relation between
 and  . Ans: β = +6
68. Consider the situation as shown in the figure. The ball
attached to a string is moving in the vertical circle.
Find the (a) centripetal acceleration and (b) tangential
acceleration when the string makes an angle 60° with
lower vertical. (c) Also, express the total acceleration in
√𝟑 𝟏𝟓√𝟑 𝒈 𝟏𝟏 𝒈
vector form taking A as origin. Ans: (a) 7g, (b) 𝒈, (c) 𝒂
⃗ =− 𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂
𝟐 𝟒 𝟒

69. A simple pendulum of length L having a bob

of mass m is first taken aside so that the string
forms the right angle with the vertical and then
released. The string hits a peg which is fixed at
a distance y below the point of suspension and the bob starts going in a
circle centered at the peg. Find the minimum value of y for which the bob
goes in a complete circle about the peg. Ans: 0.6 L
70. A 40 kg mass hanging at the end of a rope of length L oscillates in the
vertical plane with an angular amplitude  0 . What is tension in the rope,

when it makes an angle  with the vertical? If the breaking strength of

the rope is 80 kg weight, what is the maximum angular amplitude with
which the mass can oscillate without the rope breaking?
Ans: T = 120g cosθ – 80g cosθ0, θ0 = 600
71. A ball suspended by a thread swing in a vertical plane so that its
acceleration values in the extreme and the lowest position are equal.
Find the thread deflection angle in the extreme position.
Ans: 2 tan-1(0.5)
72. A small sphere of mass m suspended by a thread is first taken aside so
that the thread forms the right angle with the vertical and then
 released. (a) Find the total acceleration of the sphere and the thread
tension as a function of  , the angle of deflection of the thread from the
vertical. (b) Find the angle  between the thread and the vertical at the
moment when the total acceleration vector of the sphere is directed
(1) horizontally, (ii) vertically upward and (iii) vertically downward.
𝟏
Ans: (a) 𝒂 = 𝒈√𝟏 + 𝟑 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝟐 𝜽, T = 3mg cosθ; (b) 𝐜𝐨𝐬−𝟏 ( ), 00, 900
√𝟑

73. The bob of a simple pendulum is given a sharp hit to impart it a

horizontal speed of 3gL Find an angle made by the string with the

upper vertical before it becomes slack. Also, calculate the maximum

height attained by the bob above the point of suspension. L is length of
𝟏
the string. Ans: 𝜽 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 ( ), Hmax = 13L/27
𝟑

74. A small block of mass m slides along a smooth

frictionless track as shown. (a) If it starts from rest
at P, what is the resultant force acting on it at Q?
(b) At what height above the bottom should the
block be released so that the force it exerts against
the track at the top of the loop equals its weight?

Ans: (a) √𝟔𝟓 𝒎𝒈, (b) h = 3R

75. (a) A particle of mass m is released from the top of a smooth
hemisphere of radius R with the horizontal speed  . Calculate the
angle with vertical where it loses contact with the hemisphere.
(b) A particle of mass m is released on a fixed, smooth sphere of
radius R at a position, where the radius through the particle makes
an angle  with the vertical. What is the angle made by radius
through the particle when the particle loses contact with sphere?
𝟐
(cos  = 3/4). Ans: (a) 𝜽 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 ( ), (b) 600
𝟑

76. A small body A starts sliding from the height

h down an inclined groove passing into a half
circle of radius h/2. Assuming the friction to
be negligible, find the velocity of the body at
 the highest point of its trajectory (after breaking off the groove).
𝟐 𝒈𝒉
Ans: √
𝟑 𝟑

77. A stone of mass 1 kg tied to a light inextensible string of length

10
L m is whirling in a circular path of radius L in a vertical plane. If
3

the ratio of the maximum tension in the string to the minimum

tension in the string is 4 and if g is taken to be 10m / s 2 the speed of
the stone at the highest point of the circle is
1) 20 m/s 2) 10 3 m / s 3) 5 2 m / s 4) 10 m / s Ans: D

78. A ball is rotated in a vertical circle. If it is given a velocity 6gL at the

lowest point, where, L is the length of string, the minimum tension in

the string will be
(A) mg (B) 2 mg (C) 3 mg (D) 4 mg Ans: A
79. A body of mass m hangs at one end of a string of length l, the other
end of which is fixed. It is given a horizontal velocity so that the string
would just reach where it makes an angle of 60° with the vertical. The
tension in the string at mean position is
(A) 2 mg (B) mg (C) 3 mg (D) 3mg Ans: A

80. A ball attached to a string is oscillating like a simple pendulum of

angular amplitude 37°. The ratio of minimum and maximum tension
in the string is
(A) 7:3 (B) 7:2 (C) 7:4 (D) 7:5 Ans: C
81. A stone tied to a string of length L is whirled in a vertical circle, with
the other end of the string at the centre. At a certain instant of time,
the stone is at its lowest position and has a speed u. The magnitude
of the change in its velocity as it reaches a position where the string
is horizontal is

(A) u 2  2gL (B) 2gL (C) u  gL (D) 2 u 2  gL  Ans: D

82. A ball tied to one end of string oscillates like a simple pendulum. If
the breaking strength is twice the weight of particle. The velocity of
 ball at the lowest point is
(A) gL (B) 2gL (C) 1.5gL (D) 0.5gL Ans: A

83. A ball attached to a string is oscillating like a simple pendulum so

that magnitude of acceleration of ball in lowest position and in
extreme position is same. The angular amplitude of ball is

(D) tan1  2 2 
1 1
(A) tan1   (B) 2 tan1   (C) tan1  2 Ans: B
2 2

84. A particle of mass m is attached to a light string of length L, the other

end of which is fixed. Initially the string is kept horizontal and the
particle is given an upward velocity v. The particle is just able to
complete a circle.
(i) The string becomes slack when the particle reaches its highest point.
(ii) The velocity of the particle becomes zero at the highest point.
(iii) The kinetic energy of the ball in the initial positions was
1/2 mv² = mgL.
(iv) The particle again passes through the initial position.
(A) (i), (ii) (B) (ii), (iii) (C) (i), (iv) (D) (ii), (iv) Ans: C
85. Three identical cars A, B and C are moving at the same speed on
three bridges. The car A goes on a plane bridge, B on a bridge convex
upward and C goes on a bridge concave upward. Let N A , N B and N C be

the normal forces exerted by the cars on the bridges when they are at
the middle of bridges
(A) N A  N B  N C (B) NC  N B  N A (C) N A  N B  N C (D) NC  N A  N B

Ans: D
86. A ball of mass m is slightly pushed from the top of
a smooth hemisphere. The contact force between
ball and hemisphere as a function of θ is
(A) mg cos  (B) 3mg cos   2mg
(C) 2mg  3mg cos  (D) 3mg cos  Ans: B
87. A particle is kept at rest at the top of a sphere of diameter 42 m.
When disturbed slightly, it slides down. At what height h from the
 bottom, the particle will leave the sphere?
(A) 14 m (B) 28 m (C) 35 m (D) 7 m Ans: C
88. A small disc is on the top of a hemisphere of radius R. What is the
smallest horizontal velocity v that should be given to the disc for it to
leave the hemisphere and not slide down it? [There is no friction.]
g
(A) v  2gR (B) v  gR (C) v  (D) v  g 2 R Ans: B
R

89. A body slides down an inclined surface which

ends into a vertical loop of radius R = 40 cm
as shown in figure. What must be the height
H, in cm, of the inclined sur face for the body
not to fall at the uppermost point of the loop?
Assume friction to be absent. Ans: 100
90. A ball of mass m is attached to a string of length L and
given a horizontal velocity u  gL as shown in figure.

The tension in the string when velocity of ball becomes

mg
zero is , where k is _______ Ans: 2
k

91. A stone of mass m tied to a light inextensible string of length L is

whirling in a circular path of radius L in a vertical plane. If the ratio
of the maximum to the minimum tension is four, the speed of the
stone at the highest point of the circle is  gL , find  . Ans: 3

92. A simple pendulum consists of a ball of mass m connected to a string

of length L. The ball is pulled aside so that the string makes an angle
of 53° with the vertical and is released. The ratio of maximum and
minimum tension in the string is k, where k is ____. Ans: 3
93. A small ball is hung as shown on a string of length L.
The ball is given horizontal velocity 4gL at lowest point.

The angle  with upward vertical at which the string

becomes slack is cos1 k /3 , where k is ____. Ans: 2
94. A small block of mass m slides along a smooth frictionless track as shown
in the figure. (a) If it starts from rest at P, the
resultant force acting on it at Q is x mg.
Calculate x (b) At height h = (n) R above the
bottom of the loop should the block be released
so that the force it exerts against the track at
the top of the loop equals its weight. Find n. Ans: (a) 65, (b) 3
95. The sphere at A is given a downward velocity v0 of magnitude 5 ms−1 and
swings in a vertical plane at the end of a rope of length l = 2 m attached to
a support at O as shown in figure. The angle at
which the rope will break is θ= sin-1(1/x), where x
is not readable knowing that the maximum tension
that the rope can withstand is twice the weight of
the sphere and taking g= 10 ms-2, find x. Ans: 4
96. A particle is suspended from a fixed point by a string of length 5 m. It is
projected from the equilibrium position with such a velocity that the
string slackens after the particle has reached a height 8 m above the
lowest point. (a) The velocity of the particle (just before the string
slackens), in ms−1, is found to be √𝑛, where n is not readable, find n.
(b) The height to which the particle can rise further, in cm, is 24x. Find x.
Ans: (a) 30 (b) 4
97. A ball of mass 1 kg moves inside a smooth fixed
spherical shell of radius 1 m with an initial velocity
v = 5 ms-1 from the bottom as shown in figure.
The total force acting on the particle at point B is
𝑥 √𝑥 N. Calculate x. Ans: 5
98. Concrete mixture is made by mixing cement, stone and sand in a rotating
cylinder drum. If the drum rotates too fast, the ingredients remain stuck
to the wall of the drum and proper mixing of ingredients does not take
place. The maximum rotational speed of the drum in revolutions per
minute (rpm) to ensure proper mixing is close to [Take the radius of the
 drum to be 1.25 m and its axle to be horizontal]
(A) 27.0 (B) 0.4 (C) 1.3 (D) 80 Ans: A
99. A particle is released on a vertical smooth semi-
circular track from point X so that OX makes
angle θ from the vertical (see figure). The normal
reaction of the track on the particle vanishes at
point Y where OY makes angle ϕ with the
horizontal. Then
1
(a) sin ϕ = cos ϕ (b) sin ϕ = cos θ
2
2 3
(c) sin ϕ = cos θ (d) sin ϕ = cos θ Ans: C
3 4

100. A wire, which passes through the hole in a small bead,

is bent in the form of quarter of a circle. The wire is
fixed vertically on ground as shown in the figure. The
bead is released from near the top of the wire and it
slides along the wire without friction. As the bead moves
from A to B, the force it applies on the wire is
(A) always radially outwards
(B) always radially inwards
(C) radially outwards initially and radially inwards later
(D) radially inwards initially and radially outwards later Ans: C
101. A bob of mass M is suspended by a massless string
of length L. The horizontal velocity v at position A is
just sufficient to make it reach the point B. The angle
θ at which the speed of the bob is half of that at A,
satisfies
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(a) 𝜃 = (b) < 𝜃<
4 4 2
𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
(c) < 𝜃< (d) < 𝜃< 𝜋 Ans: D
2 4 4

102. A bob of mass m, suspended by a string of length l1, is given a minimum

velocity required to complete a full circle in the vertical plane. At the
highest point, it collides elastically with another bob of mass m
 suspended by a string of length l2, which is initially at rest. Both the
strings are massless and inextensible. If the second bob, after collision
acquires the minimum speed required to complete a full circle in the
𝑙1
vertical plane, the ratio is _____. Ans: 5
𝑙2

103. A light rigid rod of length 2l can rotate in vertical plane about a
horizontal axis passing through one of its ends. Two particles,
each of mass m, are stuck to the rod as shown in the figure.
(i) Find the minimum angular speed (ω0) that must be given to
the rod in the position shown so that it completes the vertical
circle. (ii) Find the tension in the rod when it rotates through
𝟏𝟐𝒈
180°, if initial angular speed given is ω0. Ans: (a) √ , (b) Tension is mg
𝟓𝒍

in segment of the rod between the two particles. Tension is 2 mg in

the other half of the rod.
104. A particle of mass m makes a complete revolution inside
a smooth circular tube fixed in a vertical plane. Its
greatest speed is k times its least speed. Find the force
it exerts on the tube wall when its velocity is directed
𝒌𝟐 +𝟏
vertically. Ans: 𝟐𝒎𝒈 ( )
𝒌𝟐 −𝟏

105. A particle having mass m is tied to a string having

length 2a at one end and other end is tied to at a
point P as shown in figure. The particle is thrown
with speed v from bottom horizontally. When it
reaches the horizontal plane containing the point
of suspension, the string is suddenly fixed at a point
Q which is at a distance a from point P. Find minimum speed v if the

particle completes the vertical circle about Q. Ans: √𝟕𝒂𝒈

106. A bob is attached to one end of a string. Other end of the
string is fixed at peg A. The bob is taken to a position
where string makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal
and given a velocity perpendicular to the string. On the
 circular path of the bob, in vertical plane, there is a peg ‘B’ at a
symmetrical position with respect to the position of release as shown in
the figure. If 𝑣𝑐 and 𝑣𝑎 be the minimum speeds in clockwise and anticlock
wise directions, respectively, given to the bob in order to hit the peg ‘B’
then the ratio of 𝑣𝑐 : 𝑣𝑎 is equal to
(a) 1: 1 (b) 1: √2 (c) 1: 2 (d) 1: 4 Ans: C
107. A particle of mass m is released from a height H on
a smooth curved sur face which ends into a vertical
loop of radius R, as shown in the figure. Choose the
correct alternative (s) if H = 2R
(a) The particle reaches the top of the loop with
zero velocity.
(b) The particle cannot reach the top of the loop.
(c) The particle breaks off at a height H = R from the base of the loop.
(d) The particle breaks off at a height R < H < 2R. Ans: B, D
108. In the last question if θ is instantaneous angle which the line joining the
particle and the centre of the loop makes with the vertical, Identify the
correct statement(s) related to the normal reaction N between the block
and the surface.
(a) The maximum value of N occurs at θ = 0.
(b) The minimum value of N occurs at θ = π for H > 5R/2.
(c) The value of N becomes negative for π/2 < θ < 3π/2.
(d) The value of N can become zero only when θ ≥ π/2. Ans: A, B, D
109. A particle of mass m is attached to a massless rod of length l and is
moving in a vertical plane with the other end of the rod fixed to a rigid
support. The tension in the rod is always less than 5 mg.
(a) Motion of the particle is oscillatory.
(b) Particle may complete the vertical circle.
(c) For some part of motion, the rod may feel compression and for some
part it may feel tension.
(d) Rod is always tensed. Ans: A, C
110. A block of mass m is tied to an inextensible light
string of length l. One end of the string is fixed at
point O. Block is released from rest at A with the
string horizontal and fully stretched.
(a) At the highest point acceleration of the block is
vertically downwards.
(b) At the lowest point acceleration is vertically upwards.
(c) At the instant the string rotates through an angle θ = tan–1 (√3)
acceleration has both horizontal and vertical components.
(d) After the string rotates through an angle θ = tan–1 (√3) acceleration is
horizontal. Ans: A, B, C
111. A heavy particle is attached to one end of a string 1 m long whose other
end is fixed. It is projected from its lowest position horizontally with a
velocity V.
(a) If V2 < 5 g the particle will describe complete circular motion in the
vertical plane.
(b) If V2 = 4 g the tension in the string will become zero after the string
has turned through 120°.
(c) If V2 = 2 g, when the tension in the string becomes zero the velocity of
the particle also becomes zero.
(d) If V2 = g the radial acceleration of the particle becomes zero after the
string turns through 60°. Ans: A, C, D
112. A stone tied to a string of length L is moving in a vertical circle with the
other end of the string at the centre. At a certain instant of time, the stone
is at its lowest position, and has a speed u.
(a) The magnitude of the change in its velocity as it reaches a position

where the string is horizontal is √𝑢2 − 2𝑔𝐿

(b) The change in magnitude of its speed as it reaches a position where

the string is horizontal is 𝑢 − √𝑢2 − 2𝑔𝐿

(c) The change in magnitude of its acceleration as it reaches a position
where the string is horizontal is 2 g.
 (d) The magnitude of the change in its velocity as it reaches a position

where the string is horizontal is √2(𝑢2 − 2𝑔𝐿 ) Ans: B, D

113. A ball of mass 1 kg is released from position A inside
a wedge with a hemispherical cut of radius 0.5 m as
shown in the figure. B and D are two points on same
horizontal level. The wedge can move on horizontal
surface. Neglect the friction everywhere.
(a) The ball will reach the top point E of the hemispherical cut.
(b) Speed of the ball at D will be same as the speed of the ball at B.
(c) Force exerted by the vertical wall OM on wedge, when the ball is in
15√3
position B is N.
2

(d) Path of the ball is circular. Ans: C

114. A particle of mass m starts from the top most point from rest
and slides down the surface of frictionless fixed solid sphere
of radius r as shown in figure. Position of the particle is
indicated by an angle θ measured from the vertical and the
reference of potential energy is assumed to be at the top of
the sphere.
(a) The change in potential energy of the particle with angle will be
– mgr (1 – cos θ).
(b) The angle at which the mass files off the sphere is given by cos θ = 2/3
but if there is friction then the particle will leave the sphere at a smaller
angle.
(c) The radial and tangential accelerations as a function of angle will be
2 g (1 + cos θ) and g sin θ.
(d) The angle at which the mass files off the sphere is given by cos θ = 2/3
but if there is friction then the particle will leave the sphere at a larger
angle. Ans: A, D
115. A Block A of mass 6 kg is resting on a horizontal surface. It is connected
to a light vertical string which passes over smooth pulleys P1 and P2 and
carries a small ball (B) of mass 3 kg at its other end. The ball (B) swings
 like a pendulum with length l. Find the angle
θ measured from vertical, from where B must
be released in order to just lift the block A off
the horizontal surface. Neglect the dimension
of pulleys and take l = 1.2 m.
Ans: θ = 600
116. A particle of mass m is suspended from a fixed-point
O with the help of a light string of length l. It is drawn
aside and held with a string horizontal and taut. It is
released from this position (A). Find
(i) The acceleration of the particle when it reaches B
where the string makes an angle a with the vertical.
(ii) The tension in the string when the particle is at B.

Ans: (i) 𝒈√𝟏 + 𝟑 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝟐 𝜶, (ii) 2mg cos

117. A smooth ring of radius 5R is fixed in a vertical plane. A small bead of
mass m is free to slide on the ring. One end of an elastic string of relaxed
length 6R and force constant k is fixed to the top of the ring and the other
end is connected to the bead. The bead is released from a position where
the string is just taut. Show that the bead can reach the lowest point of
the ring only if kR ≤ 0.8 mg.
118. A small ball is moving in a vertical circle, attached to one end of an
inextensible string. The ratio of maximum to minimum speed of the ball is
2:1. Find the ratio of tension in the string to weight of the ball and
magnitude of acceleration of the ball when the velocity of the ball is
vertically downward. What will be your answers at a point where velocity
𝟏𝟎 𝒈
of the ball is vertically upward? Ans: , √𝟏𝟎𝟗; Answer is unchanged
𝟑 𝟑

119. A small ball tied to a string of length 0.9 m is describing a vertical circle
so that the maximum and mini mum tensions in the strings are in ratio of
3:1. Fixed end of the string is at a height of 5 m above the ground.
(a) Find the speed of the ball at the lowest position. (b) The string
suddenly breaks when the ball is at its lowest position. How much
 horizontal distance will the ball travel before hitting the ground?
Ans: (a) 8 ms–1, (b) 8 m
120. A smooth track in vertical plane is in the
shape of a quarter of a circle of radius R
with its centre at O. A small block is released
at end A of the track and it slides along the
track to leave it at end C. Find the maximum
height attained by the block above C after it
leaves the track. Ans: 9R/125

121. A particle is lying on the top of a smooth sphere of radius R. It is given a

𝑔𝑅
horizontal velocity of √ . At which point does it leave the sphere?
2

𝟓
Ans: 𝜽 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 ( ) with the vertical
𝟔

122. A small ball is suspended from the roof of a car, moving with a constant
velocity, with the help of a light inextensible string. Suddenly, the car
begins to accelerate at a constant rate of 3 g/4, where g is the
acceleration due to gravity. Take this moment as t = 0. The entries in
column I list the parameters related to motion of bob with respect to the
car and column II list their values. Match appropriately.

Column I Column II
(a) Initial acceleration (p) Zero
(b) Acceleration, when the (q) 3 g/4
speed of bob is maximum
(c) Acceleration, when speed (r) 7 g/10
is zero
(s) g

Ans: (A) q; (B) r; (C) q

123. In the situations depicted in Column I, all diagrams are in vertical plane.
The surfaces are frictionless. Match with appropriate entries in column II.
 Column I Column II
(a) Bead is threaded on a circular (p) Normal force is zero at the
fixed wire and is projected from topmost point of its trajectory.
the lowest point.

(b) Block just fits inside the fixed (q) Velocity of the body is zero at
tube and is projected from the topmost point of its trajectory.
lowest point.

(c) Block projected horizontally from (r) Acceleration of the body is zero
the lowest point of a smooth at the top most point of its
fixed cylinder. trajectory.

(d) Block is projected on the outer (s) Normal force is radially outward
surface of a fixed hemisphere at top most point of the
from an angular position θ. trajectory.

Ans: (A) → q, s; (B) → p, q; (C) → p; (D) → q, r, s

124. A particle of mass m is released from a height H on a smooth curved
surface which ends into a vertical circular loop of radius R as shown in
the figure. H = 2.5 R. N is a normal reaction force by
the track on the particle.
 Column I Column II
(a) The rate of change of (p) When N = 6 mg
speed of the particle is
maximum.
(b) The rate of change of (q) When N = 3 mg
speed of the particle is
zero.
(c) Speed of the particle is (r) When 3mg < N < 6 mg
maximum.
(d) Acceleration of the particle (s) When acceleration is
is horizontal. maximum

Ans: (A) q; (B) p, s; (C) p, s; (D) r

125. The simple 2 kg pendulum is released from rest in the
horizontal position. As it reaches the bottom position,
the cord wraps around the smooth fixed pin at B and
continues in the smaller arc in the vertical plane.
Calculate the magnitude of the force R supported by
the pin at B when the pendulum passes the position
θ = 300. (g = 9.8 m/s2) Ans: 45 N
126. A vertical frictionless semicircular track of radius
1 m is fixed on the edge of a movable trolley (figure).
Initially, the system is rest and a mass m is kept at
the top of the track. The trolley starts moving to the
2𝑔
right with a uniform horizontal acceleration a = .
9

The mass slides down the track, eventually losing

contact with it and dropping to the floor 1.3 m below the trolley. This
1.3 m is from the point where mass loses contact. (g = 10 m/s 2)
(a) Calculate the angle θ at which it loses contact with the trolley and
(b) the time taken by the mass to drop on the floor, after losing contact.
Ans: (a) 37° (b) 0.38 s
127. A string-tied stone is moving in a vertical circle. At the
lowest point A, the stone is given a speed u. C is the top
most position and B is the position of the stone when the
string is horizontal.
 Column I Column II
(a) Tension in the string when the (p) Is never zero
stone is between A and B
(excluding A and B).
(b) Horizontal component of (q) Can be zero
acceleration when the stone is
between B and C (excluding
points B and C) and is moving
towards C.
(c) Magnitude of the vertical (r) Decreases then
component of acceleration when increases
the stone is between A and B
(excluding A and B) and is moving
towards B.
(d) Magnitude of the tangential (s) Increases then
acceleration from A to C decreases
(excluding A and C).

Ans: (A) p; (B) p; (C) q, r; (D) s

128. A U-shaped smooth wire has a semi-circular bend of radius
R between A and B. It is held fixed in a vertical plane. A
bead of mass m is released from height h (above A) and
slides smoothly along the wire to reach the same height on
other side of the wire. It is given that h >> R.
1. Consider the motion of the bead between A and the lowest point C of
the wire. The ratio of change in magnitude of velocity of the particle to the
magnitude of change in its velocity is nearly equal to
(a) 1 (b) √2 (c) 2 (d) Zero Ans: D
2. Time taken by the bead to move from A to B is approximately:
𝜋𝑅 𝜋𝑅 √2 𝜋𝑅 𝑅
(a) (b) (c) (d) Ans: A
√2𝑔ℎ 2√2𝑔ℎ √𝑔ℎ 𝜋√𝑔ℎ

129. Bob B of the pendulum AB is given an initial velocity √3𝐿𝑔 in horizontal

direction. Find the maximum height of the bob from the starting point,
(a) if AB is a massless rod,
(b) if AB is a massless string.
𝟑 𝟒𝟎
Ans: (a) 𝑳 (b) 𝑳
𝟐 𝟐𝟕
130. A particle of mass m is suspended by a string of length l from a fixed rigid

support. A sufficient horizontal velocity 𝑣0 = √3𝑔𝑙 is imparted to it

suddenly. Calculate the angle made by the string with the vertical when
the acceleration of the particle is inclined to the string by 45°. Ans: 900
131. A bob of mass m is suspended from point O by a massless string
of length l as shown. At the bottom most point it is given a

velocity u = √12𝑔𝑙 for l =1m and m =1kg, match the following two
columns when string becomes horizontal (g = 10 ms-2)

Column I Column II
(a) Speed of bob (p) 10
(b) Acceleration of bob (q) 20
(c) Tension in string (r) 100
(d) Tangential acceleration of bob (s) None

Ans: (a)→(p) (b)→(s) (c)→(r) (d)→(p)

132. A ball tied to the end of the string swings in a vertical circle under the
influence of gravity.
(a) When the string makes an angle 90° with the vertical, the tangential
acceleration is zero and radial acceleration is somewhere between
minimum and maximum
(b) When the string makes an angle 90° with the vertical, the tangential
acceleration is maximum and radial acceleration is somewhere between
maximum and minimum
(c) At no place in circular motion, tangential acceleration is equal to radial
acceleration
(d) When radial acceleration has its maximum value, the tangential
acceleration is zero Ans: B, D
133. A small spherical ball is suspended through a string of length l. The whole
arrangement is placed in a vehicle which is moving with velocity v. Now,
suddenly the vehicle stops and ball starts moving along a circular path. If
tension in the string at the highest point is twice the weight of the ball
then (assume that the ball completes the vertical circle)
 (a) 𝑣 = √5𝑔𝑙

(b) 𝑣 = √7𝑔𝑙

(c) velocity of the ball at highest point is √𝑔𝑙

(d) velocity of the ball at the highest point is √3𝑔𝑙 Ans: B, D

134. A particle is given an initial speed u inside a smooth
spherical shell of radius R so that it is just able to
complete the circle. Find the acceleration of the particle,

when its velocity is vertical. Ans: g √𝟏𝟎

135. A skier plans to ski a smooth fixed hemisphere of

radius R. He starts from rest from a curved smooth
surface of height R/4. The angle θ at which he
leaves the hemisphere is
2 5
(a) cos −1 ( ) (b) cos −1 ( )
3 √3
5 5
(c) cos −1 ( ) (d) cos −1 ( ) Ans: C
6 2√3

136. A particle is attached with a string of length

l which is fixed at point O on an inclined
plane. What minimum velocity should be
given (at the lowest point) to the particle
along the incline so that it may complete a
circle on inclined plane (plane is smooth and initially particle was resting
𝟓𝒈𝒍
on the inclined plane)? Ans: √
𝟐

137. The sphere at P is given a downward velocity 𝑣0 and

swings in a vertical plane at the end of a rope of
l = 1 m attached to a support at O. The rope breaks
at angle 30° from horizontal, knowing that it can
withstand a maximum tension equal to three times
the weight of the sphere. Then the value of 𝑣0 will be: (g = 𝜋 2 ms-2)
𝜋 2𝜋 3
(a) m/s (b) m/s (c) √ 𝜋 m/s (d) None of these Ans: C
2 3 2
138. A stone on a rope is released at point P (refer figure).
A pencil is firmly located in the way of the string. As
a result the stone will be deflected from its normal
path. At which of the following points the stone will
stop and retrace its path?
(a) Point A (b) Point B (c) Point C (d) Point D Ans: B
139. Consider a roller coaster with a circular
loop. A roller coaster car starts from rest
from the top of a hill which is 5 m higher
than the top of the loop. It rolls down the
hill and through the loop. What must the
radius of the loop be so that the passengers of the car will feel at highest
point, as if they have their normal weight?
(a) 5 m (b) 10 m (c) 15 m (d) 20 m Ans: A
140. Consider a pendulum, consisting of a massless
string with a mass on the end. The mass is held
with the string horizontal, and then released. The
mass swings down, and then on its way back up,
the string is cut at point P when it makes an angle
of θ with the vertical. What should θ be, so that the mass travels the
largest horizontal distance from P by the time it returns to the height it
𝟏
had when the string was cut? Ans: 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 ( )
√𝟐

141. A small sphere 'B' of mass M is connected at one end

of a light rigid rod whose other end is hinged so that
the sphere hangs vertically. At some instant of time a
strong wind begins to apply a constant horizontal
force to sphere 'B'. As a result, the sphere rotates
about A in a vertical plane. Find the speed of sphere
𝟐𝑭𝒅 −𝟐𝑴𝒈𝒅
B at the instant when the rod becomes horizontal. Ans: √
𝑴
142. A stone is tied to a string of length 2 m is whirled in a vertical circle with
the other end of the string at the centre. At a certain instant of time, the
stone is at its lowest position and has a speed 10 m/s. The magnitude of
the change in its velocity as it reaches a position where the string is
horizontal, is:
(a) √60 (b) √40 (c) √80 (d) √160 Ans: D
143. On the figure shown, a stone tied to a light string is
oscillating between extreme points A and C in a
vertical plane. Acceleration of stone has magnitude
aA, aB and ac at the respective points then: (Given:
sinθ = 4/5)
(a) aA = aB (b) aB = 2 aA (c) 2aB = aA + aC (d) aA = aC
Ans: A, C, D
144. A small steel ball B is at rest on the edge of
a table of height 1 m. Another steel ball A,
used as the bob of a metre long simple
pendulum, is released from rest with the
pendulum suspension horizontal, and swings
against B as shown in the figure. The masses
of the balls are identical and the collision is
elastic. Consider the motion of B only up until it first hits the ground.
(a) Ball A is in motion for longer time
(b) Ball B is in motion for longer time
(c) Ball A has greater path length
(d) Ball B has greater path length Ans: A, D
145. As shown in figure BEF is a fixed vertical circular tube.
A block of mass m starts moving in the tube at point B
with velocity v towards E. It is just able to complete the
vertical circle, then:

(a) velocity at B must be √3𝑅𝑔.

(b) velocity at F must be √2𝑅𝑔.

 (c) Normal reaction at point F is 2mg
(d) The normal reaction at point E is 6mg Ans: A, B, C
146. A small sphere of mass m is connected by a string to a nail at O and
moves in a circle of radius r on the smooth plane inclined at an angle θ
with the horizontal. If the sphere has a velocity u at the top position A.
Mark the correct option(s).
(a) Minimum velocity at A so that string does
3
not get slack instantaneously is √ 𝑔𝑟.
5

(b) Tension at B if sphere has required velocity

11
to just complete circle A is mg
5

(c) Tension at C if sphere has required velocity to just complete circle is

21
mg
5
3
(d) Centripetal force at point A is mg if it just get slack instantaneously.
5

Ans: A, D
147. A bob tied to an ideal string of length l is released
from the horizontal position shown. A peg P whose
height is adjustable, can arrest the free swing of
the pendulum, as shown in figure.

Column I Column II

(a) For what range of y will the string (p) 2𝑙 2𝑙

<𝑦<
wind up on the peg, remaining 5 3
taut throughout the swing.
(b) For what range of y will the (q) 2𝑙
0<𝑦<
pendulum become projectile. 5
(c) For what value of y will (r) 2𝑙
<𝑦<𝑙
mechanical energy remain 5
conserved for long time.
(s) 𝑙 2𝑙
<𝑦<
3 3
Ans: a → q; b → p, r; c → q
148. A bob of mass 1 kg is hanging by an inextensible string of length 1m as
shown. The bob is given a velocity 𝑣0 at lowest point as shown.
 Column I Column II

(a) 𝑣0 = 2 m/s (p) Tension becomes zero at

some point in motion.
(b) 𝑣0 = 4 m/s (q) The path is always circular.

(c) 𝑣0 = 6 m/s (r) The string may be

horizontal at some point in
its motion.
(d) 𝑣0 = 8 m/s (s) The bob completes vertical
circle.

Ans: a → q; b → q; c → p, r; d → q, r, s
149. A man swings a stone tied to a string of length 'l'
in a vertical plane inside a car moving with
acceleration 'a' as shown. (Take a = √3g). The
speed of stone varies from some maximum value
(𝑣𝑚𝑎𝑥 ) to some minimum value (𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 ) during the
motion. We can choose the maximum/minimum values of the speed
during motion by changing initial speed at A. Here all the speeds are
relative to the moving car.

Column I Column II
(a) 𝑣𝑚𝑎𝑥 at which the string always (p) √𝑔𝑙
remains tight.
(b) 𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 at which the string becomes (q) √3𝑔𝑙
slack.
(c) 𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 at which particle always (r) √5𝑔𝑙
completes the circle
(s) √11𝑔𝑙

Ans: a → p, q, s; b → p; c → q, r, s
150. As shown in the figure, a ball is released from a
certain height which has to perform circular
motion on the vertical track of radius 4 m. The
track is absent between points A and B. Calculate
the height (in m) from where the ball has to be
released so that it will reach at highest point B of the circular track.
 Ans: 9
151. A string is wrapped over a fixed horizontal cylinder of radius (7/66) m and
its other end is connected to a point mass, which hangs in air such that
1.2 m length of string is free. Find minimum velocity (in m/s) given to
mass perpendicular to length of cylinder, so that string never gets slack
before wrapping over cylinder completely once. (Take g = 9.8 m/s2)

Ans: 7

152. Figure shows a smooth cylindrical pulley of radius R

with centre at origin of coordinates. An ideal thread
is thrown over it and on the two ends of ideal thread
two identical masses are tied initially at rest with
coordinates (R, 0) and (- R, - R) respectively. If mass
at x-axis is given a slight upward jerk, it leaves contact
𝜑
with pulley at (R cos Φ, R sin Φ). Then find . Ans: 2
sin 𝜑

153. Two particles A and B having same mass, A is connected to a light spring
of natural length 𝑙𝐴 and particle B is connected to a light string of length
𝑙𝐵 , (𝑙𝐴 < 𝑙𝐵 ). When spring becomes vertical, its length becomes 𝑙𝐵 . Both
are released from rest from horizontal position (shown in the figure). Mark
the correct option(s).
(a) At lowest position, particle A has more
speed than that of particle B
(b) At lowest position, particle A has lesser speed than B
(c) At the lowest position, both have same speed
(d) None of the above Ans: B
154. A light spring of constant k = (2 + √2) N/m and natural length √2R is fixed
at point O. A sleeve of mass m = 1 kg is attached to other end of spring.
 The sleeve starts from rest from point A and moves along
a vertical fixed smooth circular wire of radius R = 5m. Find
the normal reaction on sleeve at the point B.
(a) 10 N (b) 20 N (c) 30 N (d) 40 N
Ans: C
155. A small ball of mass 1 kg is given vertical velocity of magnitude 𝑣0 = 5 m/s
and it swings in a vertical plane by the help of a light string of length 2 m
fixed at one end. The breaking strength of string is 20 N.
(a) String does not break before reaching at lowest
point
(b) String breaks before reaching at lowest point
(c) The acceleration of the ball just after angle
θ = cos-1(1/4) is g
(d) None of the above Ans: B, C
156. A small ball of mass 1 kg is suspended through a light string of length
1 m. A constant force of magnitude 20 N is in always acting on the ball.
The minimum velocity of ball at lowest point to complete the vertical circle
is given in column II.

Column I Column II

(a) If force is directed downward (p) √50 m/s

(b) If force is directed upward (q) √150 m/s

(c) If force is directed horizontally (r) √10 m/s

(d) If force is zero (s) √30√5 + 20 m/s

Ans: a → q; b → r; c → s; d → p
157. A light string of length 1 m is fixed at point A on a fixed
𝑙
cylinder of radius R = m. The other end of the string is
2𝜋

attached to a ball of mass 1 kg. The ball is imparted with

a velocity (𝑣0 ) of 10 m/s horizontally. The tension in the
string when the ball is at the lowest point is 30x N. Find
 the value of x. Ans: 9
158. A small smooth block is projected horizontally from
point C with speed 𝑣0 inside a vertical fixed loop of
radius 0.2 m from which a symmetrical section of
angle 120° has been removed. The value of 𝑣0 such
that the block, after leaving contact at point A and
flying through air reaches point B and continuous
the loop is (10)1/x m/s. Find the value of x. Ans: 2
159. A ball of mass 1 kg hangs through a light thread in
a car which moves at a speed of u = √50 m/s on a
horizontal straight road as shown in the figure. The
car is brought in rest by a uniform braking. Find
maximum stopping distance of car in metre so that the ball can reach of
the maximum height of its vertical circular path. Ans: 1 m
160*. A semicircular rigid cylindrical tube is placed on
a horizontal floor. Two identical that loosely fit
inside the tube are simultaneously released from
the top of the tube. Each ball moves down the tube
on either side. Which of the following statements best describe the total
force of normal reaction between the tube and the floor?
(a) It decreases continually.
(b) It increases continually.
(c) It first decreases, acquires a minimum value then increases.
(d) The tube may leave the ground. Ans: C, D
161*. A marble is being whirled on a circular path in a vertical plane with the
help of a light inextensible cord of length l = 50 cm around a fixed center
O. If the cord is cut when the ball is at the bottom of the circular path,
the ball hits the horizontal ground at point A and if the cord is cut when
the ball is at top of the circular path, the ball hits the ground at point B a
distance d = 4.8 m away from the point A. If the points A and B are
equidistant from the centre O, find height of the centre O above the
 ground. Ignore effects of air resistance. Ans: 1.3 m
162*. A small ball P is suspended from a fixed nail O with
the help of a light inextensible cord of length l. There
is another nail P at a distance r from 0. The ball is
pulled aside stretching the cord horizontal and
released. In the ensuing motion, the cord clings to the nail P and the ball
begins to turn around nail P. Find range of values of r, so that the ball
makes a complete circular turn around the nail P. Ignore air resistance
𝟑𝒍
and radii of the nails. Ans: 𝒓 ≥
𝟐 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽 +𝟑

163*. A small disc of mass m placed on a plane of

inclination θ = cos-1(0.8) with the horizontal is
connected from a nail driven into the plane with
the help of a light inextensible cord of length
l = 1.0 m. Coefficient of friction between the plane and the disc is μ = 3/8.
The disc is held on the plane stretching the cord horizontal as shown in
the figure and released. Find maximum speed of the disc and angular
displacement where tensile force in the cord becomes maximum during
𝟏
subsequent motion. Ans: 𝒗𝒎𝒂𝒙 = √𝟔√𝟑 − 𝟐𝝅 m/s, 𝜽 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 ( )
𝟑

164*. Alight cord of length l is attached to a nail driven into curved

surface of a cylinder A of radius r (l > πr). The cylinder is fixed
with its axis horizontal. A small ball B of mass m is hanging at
the lower end of the cord. How much horizontal velocity must
be imparted to the ball B so that the cord will certainly slack

during the subsequent motion? Ans: √𝟐𝒈(𝒍 − 𝒓) < 𝒗 < √𝒈(𝟓𝒍 − 𝟑𝝅𝒓)
165*. A small disc of mass m on an inclined plane of
inclination θ with the horizontal is connected to
a nail driven into the plane with the help of a
light inextensible cord of length l. Coefficient of
friction between the plane and the disc is μ = tanθ. The disc is given such
a horizontal velocity at the lowest position that it moves on a complete
circular path around the nail without wrapping the cord on the nail.
(a) Where is the disc when tensile force in the cord becomes minimum?
(b)How much minimum velocity should be given to the disk at the lowest
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position to round a complete circle? Ans: (a) 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 ( ), (b) √𝟒𝝅𝒈𝒍 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽
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