The document outlines an assignment for a Cost Accounting course at Allama Iqbal Open University, detailing inventory management using FIFO and Moving Average methods for a manufacturing company. It also includes a special order scenario for Gujrat Fan Manufacturing Industry, requiring journal entries for production costs and defective items under two different accounting treatments. The assignment provides calculations for materials issued, closing inventory values, and necessary journal entries for both scenarios.
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462 assignment (2)
The document outlines an assignment for a Cost Accounting course at Allama Iqbal Open University, detailing inventory management using FIFO and Moving Average methods for a manufacturing company. It also includes a special order scenario for Gujrat Fan Manufacturing Industry, requiring journal entries for production costs and defective items under two different accounting treatments. The assignment provides calculations for materials issued, closing inventory values, and necessary journal entries for both scenarios.
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ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD
(Department of Commerce)
Course: Cost Accounting (462)
Semester: Autumn, 2024
Level: B. Com /Associate Degree
ASSIGNMENT No. 2
Q.1 The following information is available regarding procurement
and issuance of material inventory for the month of October, 2023 of
a manufacturing company:
01.10.2023 Opening inventory of 800 units at Rs. 65 each.
06.10.2023 Purchases 200 units at Rs. 75 each.
09.10.2023 Issued 400 units to production.
12.10.2023 Issued 150 units to production.
16.10.2023 Purchased 300 units at Rs. 80 each.
24.10.2023 Issued 400 units to production.
27.10.2023Issued 250 units to production.
Required: Compute the cost of materials issued to production and the
value of 31 October 2023 inventory using perpetual inventory system
under each of the following methods: -
A) First in First Out method. B) Moving Average method.
To solve this problem, let's compute the cost of materials issued and the
closing inventory for October 2023 using the perpetual inventory
system under both the FIFO and Moving Average methods.
Solution
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1. First In First Out (FIFO) Method
Under the FIFO method, the oldest inventory is issued first. The perpetual
inventory records are updated after every transaction. Here's how it is
computed:
Opening Inventory (01.10.2023): 800 units @ Rs. 65 = Rs. 52,000
Transactions:
- 06.10.2023 Purchases: 200 units @ Rs. 75 = Rs. 15,000 Inventory
after purchase:
+ 800 units @ Rs. 65
+ 200 units @ Rs. 75
2. 09.10.2023 Issued 400 units: From 800 units @ Rs. 65 — 400 units
@Rs. 65 =Rs. 26,000 Inventory after issuance:
+ 400 units @ Rs. 65
200 units @ Rs. 75
3. 12.10.2023 Issued 150 units: From 400 units @ Rs. 65 — 150 units
@Rs. 65 =Rs. 9,750 Inventory after issuance:
250 units @ Rs. 65
+ 200 units @ Rs. 75
4. 16.10.2023 Purchases: 300 units @ Rs. 80 — Rs. 24,000
Inventory after purchase:
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250 units @ Rs. 65
+ 200 units @ Rs. 75
+ 300 units @ Rs. 80
5. 24.10.2023 Issued 400 units: From 250 units @ Rs. 65 — 250 units
@Rs. 65 = Rs. 16,250 From 200 units @ Rs. 75 — 150 units @ Rs.
75 = Rs. 11,250 Inventory after issuance:
50 units @ Rs. 75
300 units @ Rs. 80
6. 27.10.2023 Issued 250 units: From 50 units @ Rs. 75 — 50 units
@ Rs. 75 = Rs. 3,750 From 300 units @ Rs. 80 — 200 units @ Rs.
80 = Rs. 16,000 Inventory after issuance:
+ 100 units @ Rs. 80
Closing Inventory (31.10.2023): 100 units @ Rs. 80 = Rs. 8,000
Cost of Materials Issued to Production (Total): = Rs. 26,000 + Rs.
9,750 + Rs. 16,250 + Rs. 11,250 + Rs. 3,750 + Rs. 16,000 = Rs. 83,000
2. Moving Average Method
Under the Moving Average method, the average cost per unit is
recalculated after every transaction involving purchases. The perpetual
inventory is updated based on the recalculated average cost.
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Opening Inventory (01.10.2023): 800 units @ Rs. 65 = Rs. 52,000
Transactions:
1, 06.10.2023 Purchases: 200 units @ Rs. 75 = Rs. 15,000
New Average Cost per Unit: = (52,000 + 15,000) / (800 + 200) =
Rs. 67 Inventory after purchase: 1,000 units @ Rs. 67
2. 09.10.2023 Issued 400 units: 400 units @ Rs. 67 = Rs. 26,800
Inventory after issuance: 600 units @ Rs. 67
3. 12.10.2023 Issued 150 units: 150 units @ Rs. 67 = Rs. 10,050
Inventory after issuance: 450 units @ Rs, 67
4, 16.10.2023 Purchases: 300 units @ Rs. 80 = Rs. 24,000
New Average Cost per Unit; = (450 x 67 + 300 = 80) / (450 + 300)
=Rs. 72 Inventory after purchase: 750 units @ Rs. 72
5. 24.10.2023 Issued 400 units: 400 units @ Rs. 72 = Rs. 28,800
Inventory after issuance: 350 units @ Rs. 72
6. 27.10.2023 Issued 250 units: 250 units @ Rs. 72 = Rs. 18,000
Inventory after issuance: 100 units @ Rs. 72
Closing Inventory (31.10.2023): 100 units @ Rs. 72 = Rs. 7,200
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Cost of Materials Issued to Production (Total): = Rs. 26,800 + Rs
10,050 + Rs. 28,800 + Rs. 18,000 = Rs. 83,650
Summary
Method Cost of Materials Issued Closing Inventory Value
FIFO Rs. 83,000 Rs. 8,000
Moving Avg Rs. 83,650 Rs. 7,200
Q.2 Gujrat Fan Manufacturing Industry has received a special order
for manufacturing and supply of 250 specially designed bracket fans
of A Grade. The following costs were incurred by the company for
execution of the order:
Direct material cost Rs. 50,000
Direct labour cost Rs. 150,000
Factory Overhead is applied at 60% of direct labour cost.
After completion of the production, it was noticed during testing by
the Quality Control Department that 30 fans were found technically
defective for which the following additional costs were incurred in
order to remove the defects: -
Direct material cost Rs. 2,400
Direct labour cost Rs. 6,000
Factory overhead applied at 60% of direct labour cost.
Required: Prepare necessary general journal entries to record
execution of the special order in the following prospects: -
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a) When relevnt job is charged with the additional cost of defective
works.
b) When the relevant Job is not charged with the additional cost of
defective works.
To record the execution of the special order for Gujrat Fan Manufacturing
Industry, we need to prepare general journal entries under the given
scenarios:
Scenario A: Relevant Job is Charged with the Additional Cost of
Defective Works
Step 1: Record initial production costs
1. Direct Material Cost: Dr. Work in Process ~ Job (Special Order)
Rs. 50,000 Cr. Raw Materials Inventory Rs. 50,000
2. Direct Labour Cost: Dr. Work in Process — Job (Special Order) Rs.
150,000 Cr. Wages Payable Rs. 150,000
3. Factory Overhead Applied: Factory overhead is 60% of direct
labour cost: —150,000«0.6=90,000150,000 \times 0.6 =
90,0001 50,000%0.6=90,000 Dr. Work in Process — Job (Special
Order) Rs. 90,000 Cr. Factory Overhead Applied Rs. 90,000
Step 2: Record additional costs for defective fans
1. Direct Material Cost: Dr. Work in Process — Job (Special Order)
Rs. 2,400 Cr. Raw Materials Inventory Rs. 2,400
2. Direet Labour Cost: Dr. Work in Process — Job (Special Order) Rs.
6,000 Cr. Wages Payable Rs. 6,000
3. Factory Overhead Applied: Factory overhead is 60% of additional
direct labour cost: 6,000x0.6=3,6006,000 \times 0.6 =
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3,6006,000x0.6=3,600 Dr. Work in Process — Job (Special Order)
Rs. 3,600 Cr. Factory Overhead Applied Rs. 3,600
Step 3: Completion of Jab
1. Transfer total costs to Finished Goods: Total costs = Rs. 50,000 +
Rs, 150,000 + Rs. 90,000 + Rs. 2,400 + Rs. 6,000 + Rs, 3,600 = Rs.
302,000 Dr. Finished Goods Inventory Rs, 302,000 Cr. Work in
Process ~ Job (Special Order) Rs. 302,000
Scenario B: Relevant Job is Not Charged with the Additional Cost of
Defective Works
Step 1: Record initial production costs
(Same as Scenario A, Step 1)
Step 2: Record additional costs for defective fans
1. Direct Material Cost: Dr. Factory Overhead Control Rs. 2.400
Cr. Raw Materials Inventory Rs. 2,400
2. Direet Labour Cost: Dr, Factory Overhead Control Rs. 6,000
Cr. Wages Payable Rs. 6,000
3. Factory Overhead Applied: Factory overhead is 60% of additional
direct labour cost: 6,000*0.6=3,6006,000 \times 0.6 =
3,6006,000%0.6=3,600 Dr. Factory Overhead Control Rs. 3,600
Cr. Factory Overhead Applied Rs. 3,600
Step 3: Completion of Job
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1. Transfer total costs to Finished Goods: Total costs (excluding
additional costs) = Rs. 50,000 + Rs. 150,000 + Rs. 90,000 = Rs.
290,000 Dr. Finished Goods Inventory Rs. 290,000 Cr. Work in
Process — Job (Special Order) Rs. 290,000
Summary of Journal Entries
Scenario A: Charged with Defective Costs
Account Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.)
Work in Process — Job 50,000 50,000
Raw Materials Inventory 50,000
Work in Process — Job 150,000 150,000
Wages Payable 150,000
Work in Process — Job 90,000 90,000
Factory Overhead Applied 90,000
Work in Process — Job 2,400 2,400
Raw Materials Inventory 2,400
Work in Process — Job 6,000 6,000
Wages Payable 6,000
Work in Process — Job 3,600 3,600
Factory Overhead Applied 3,600
Finished Goods Inventory 302,000 302,000
Work in Process — Job 302,000
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Scenario B: Not Charged with Defective Costs
Account
Work in Process — Job
Raw Materials Inventory
Work in Process — Job
Wages Payable
Work in Process — Job
Factory Overhead Applied
Factory Overhead Control
Raw Materials Inventory
Factory Overhead Control
Wages Payable
Factory Overhead Control
Factory Overhead Applied
Finished Goods Inventory
Work in Process — Job
Q3 a. Describe the functions of a Time keeping department and
various methods used for controlling the attendance of workers in a
factory.
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Debit (Rs.)
50,000
150,000
90,000
2,400
6,000
3,600
290,000
0336-4646739
Credit (Rs.)
50,000
50,000
150,000
150,000
90,000
90,000
2,400
2,400
6,000
6,000
3,600
3,600
290,000
290,000
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b. A pharmaceutical company is considering introducing Halsey
Premium or Rowan Plan of incentives scheme for their employees.
The standard time of production is 10 hours and the Hourly rate is
Rs. 100. In order to carry out a comparative study that which of the
two incentive plans is cost effective for payment of wages to workers,
the company estimates that the time taken for production of a Batch
may be 9 Hours, 8 Hours and 7 Hours.
Required: Advise the company for adopting suitable incentive plan
supported by workings and total labor cost per Hour under each
incentive plan of Halsey Premium and Rowan.
Part A: Functions of the Time-Keeping Department
The Time-Keeping Department is a crucial part of a factory’s operations,
ensuring accurate tracking of workers’ attendance, work hours, and
overtime. Its functions include:
1. Recording Attendance: Ensures that the attendance of workers is
accurately recorded at the beginning and end of shifts.
2. Monitoring Overtime: Tracks extra hours worked by employees
for calculating additional wages.
3. Ensuring Punctuality: Helps maintain discipline by discouraging
late arrivals and early departures.
4. Facilitating Payroll Processing: Provides accurate data on worked
hours for calculating wages and incentives.
5. Compliance with Labor Laws: Ensures that working hours and
overtime adhere to labor regulations.
6. Monitoring Absentecism: Identifies patterns of absenteeism to
address workforce efficiency.
Methods for Controlling Attendance
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on a register.
which records their check-in and check-out times.
recognition to record attendance.
machines to log attendance
supervisors, often used in smaller factories.
1. Halsey Premium Plan
Under the Halsey Premium Plan
+ Incentive = 50% of the time saved.
Formula for Total Wages:
Total Wages = (‘Time Taken x Hourly Rate) (Bessette)
Where:
Time Saved = Standard Time — Time Taken
2. Rowan Plan
Urder the Rowan Pan
«the workers pat @ guaranteed tme-rate wage forthe time taken,
Incentive = Time Saved x Pine Talen < Hourly Rate.
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Formula for Total Wages:
‘Lotal Wages = (‘Time Taken x Hourly Rate) + (time Saved x time Taken
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Standard Time
Manual Attendance Register: Workers manually sign in and out
2. Time Cards: Workers punch a card into a time-clock machine,
3. Biometric Systems: Automated systems using fingerprints or facial
4. Digital Swipe Cards: Employees swipe a card at designated
5. Supervisor Monitoring: Manual verification of attendance by
Part B: Comparative Study of Halsey Premium Plan and Rowan Plan
+ The worker is paid a guaranteed time-rate wage for the time taken.
» Hourly Rate)
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Workings
Time Taken Standard Time Hourly Rate Time Saved
(Hours) (Hours) (Rs) (Hours)
9 10 100 1
8 70 400 2
1 10 100 3
Total Labor Cost Per Hour
Time Taken (Hours) Halsey Cost/Hour (Rs.)
9 2 — 105.56
8 sw = 112.50
7 21.43
Analysis and Recommendation
+ Halsey Premium Plan: Becomes more cost-effective as the time
taken decreases because the incentive is fixed at 50% of the time
saved.
+ Rowan Plan: Incentive increases with efficiency but becomes more
expensive at lower production times.
Recommendation:
The Halsey Premium Plan is more cost-effective for the company if cost
minimization is the primary goal. However, the Rowan Plan could be
more motivating for workers, as it provides higher incentives for greater
efficiency.
Q.4 The following data has been extracted from the record of
0336-4646739
Halsey Wages
(Rs)
900 } 50 =
950
800+
100 = 900
700 +
150 = 850
Rovan Wages
(Rs)
900} 90 =
990
800+
160 = 980
700+
210= 910
Rowan Cost/Hour (Rs.)
= 110.00
2m = 120.00
22 = 130.00
Basharat Production Industries for the year 2014: -
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a) Budgeted factory overheads Rs 500,000
b) Actual factory overheads Rs.455,000
c) Budgeted machine hours 12,500 hours
d) Actual machine hours 12,000 hours
Required
Work out the following: -
a) Predetermined overhead absorption rate per machine hour.
b) Applied overhead cost.
c) Over or under absorbed factory overhead cost.
Solution
To solve the problem, let’s calculate the required components step-by-
step:
a) Predetermined Overhead Absorption Rate Per Machine Hour
Formula:
Budgeted Factory Overheads
Predetermined Overhead Rate = py cted Machine Flours
Substituting the given values.
500,000
Predetermined Overhead Rate =
. o Rate = 35, 500
= 40 Rs. per Machine Hour
b) Applied Overhead Cost
Formula:
Applied Overhead Cost = Predetermined Overhead Rate x Actual Machine Hours
Substituting the values:
Applied Overhead Cost = 40 x 12, 000 = 480, 000 Rs.
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c) Over or Under Absorbed Factory Overhead Cost
Formula:
Over or Under Absorbed Overheads = Applied Overhead Cost — Actual Factory Overheads
Substituting the values:
Over or Under Absorbed Overheads = 480,000 — 455,000 = 25, 000 Rs. (Overabsorbed)
Summary of Results
1. Predetermined Overhead Rate: Rs. 40 per machine hour.
2. Applied Overhead Cost: Rs. 480,000.
3. Overabsorbed Factory Overhead Cost: Rs. 25,000.
This indicates that the company allocated more overheads than were
actually incurred by Rs. 25,000.
Q.5 Wilson Pharmaceutical Company uses the direct method of
allocating servicing departments overhead costs to the producing
departments. The following data is available concerning the
activities: -
Particulars Producing Department | Servicing Department
ra " e Procuremen Factory
Mixing | Finishing H ary
Budget FOH cost Tintin Rs. 304,000 | Rs. 100,000 | Rs. 50,000
Number of
Employees 90 210 20 28
Machine Hours 64,000 16,000 = =
Direct Labour
Hours 35,000 100,000 _ -
The costs of Procurement Department are allocated on the basis of
number of employees while the costs of Factory Administration are
prorated on the basis of machine hours.
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REQUIRED
1) Prepare a statement of overhead cost allocation.
2) Calculate predetermined overhead rates for each of the producing
departments on the basis of machine hours for the mixing department
while direct labour hours for the finishing department.
Solution
Step 1: Statement of Overhead Cost Allocation Using the Direct
Method
The direct method involves allocating the overhead costs of servicing
departments (Procurement and Factory Admin) directly to the producing
departments (Mixing and Finishing), without any reciprocal allocation
between the servicing departments.
Stop 1A: Allocation of Procurement Department Costs
Procurement costs are alocated based on the number of employees in each department.
Forenulaz
Number of Employees in Department
Allocated Cost = ae
x Procurement Department Costs
Total Number of Employees:
90(Mixing) + 210(Finishing) + 20(Procurement) + 28(Factory Admin) = 348
Procurement Department Costs Allocation:
|, Mixing Department
90 7
gag * 100,000 25,802.07
2. Finishing Department:
210
x I = 60, 344.83
ag * 100; 000 = 60, 344.83
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Step 1B: Allocation of Factory Administration Department Costs
Factory Administration costs are allocated based on machine hours.
Total Machine Hours:
64, 000(Mixing) + 16, 000(Finishing) — 80,000 Machine Hours
Factory Admin Department Costs Allocation:
1. Mixing Department:
64,000
30-000 * 50-000 = 40,000
2. Finishing Department:
16,000
50-000 * 50-000 = 10,000
Step 1C: Total Overhead Allocation to Producing Departments
Now, let's add the allocated costs to the departments’ original budgeted overhead costs.
Budgeted FOH Procurement Factory Admin Total Ovethead
Department Cost Allocated Allocated Cost
Mixing Rs, 410,000, Rs, 2586207 Rs. 40,000 Rs, 47586207
Finshing Rs, 304,000 Rs, 60344.83 Rs. 14000 Rs, 37434403
Step 2: Predetermined Overhead Rates for Producing Departments
Predetermined overhead rate is calculated by dividing the total
overhead cost by the base (machine hours for Mixing and direct labor
hours for Finishing).
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Mixing Department:
Base: Machine hours = 64,000
Total Overhead Cost: Rs. 475,062.07
Formula:
‘Total Overhead Cost
Predetermined Overhead Rate a
475, 862.07
Predetermined Overhead Rate for Mixing =
rredetermined Overhead Rate for Mixing = ~5 59
= 7.44 per machine hour
Finishing Department:
Base: Direct labor hours = 100,000
Total Overhead Cost Rs. 374,544.63
Formula:
Total Overhead Cost
Direct Labour Hours
374,344.53
100, 000,
Predetermined Overhead Rate =
Predetermined Overhead Rate for Finishing = = 3.74 per direct labor hour
Summary of Results:
1. Overhead Cost Allocation:
» Mixing Department Total Overhead: Rs. 475,862.07
c Finishing Department Total Overhead: Rs. 374,344.83
2. Predetermined Overhead Rates:
c Mixing Department: Rs. 7.44 per machine hour
c Finishing Department: Rs. 3.74 per direct labor hour
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