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flow chart

Flow control is a set of procedures that manage data transmission between sender and receiver to prevent overwhelming the receiver's limited speed and memory. Two main methods for flow control are Stop-and-wait, where the sender waits for an acknowledgment after each frame, and Sliding Window, which allows multiple frames to be sent before acknowledgment is received. The Sliding Window method utilizes an imaginary window that limits the number of frames transmitted, with acknowledgments indicating which frames have been successfully received.

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6 views

flow chart

Flow control is a set of procedures that manage data transmission between sender and receiver to prevent overwhelming the receiver's limited speed and memory. Two main methods for flow control are Stop-and-wait, where the sender waits for an acknowledgment after each frame, and Sliding Window, which allows multiple frames to be sent before acknowledgment is received. The Sliding Window method utilizes an imaginary window that limits the number of frames transmitted, with acknowledgments indicating which frames have been successfully received.

Uploaded by

ranjithunni35
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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#Flow Control* It is a set of procedures that tells the sender how much data it can transmit before the

data overwhelms the receiver*The receiving device has limited speed and limited memory to store the
data. Therefore, the receiving device must be able to inform the sending device to stop the transmission
temporarily before the limits are reached.*It requires a buffer, a block of memory for storing the
information until they are processed.*Two methods have been developed to control the flow of
data:*Stop-and-wait*Sliding window*Stop-and-wait--In the Stop-and-wait method, the sender waits for
an acknowledgement after every frame it sends.When acknowledgement is received, then only next
frame is sent. The process of alternately sending and waiting of a frame continues until the sender
transmits the EOT (End of transmission) frame*Sliding Window.*The Sliding Window is a method of flow
control in which a sender can transmit the several frames before getting an acknowledgement.*In Sliding
Window Control, multiple frames can be sent one after the another due to which capacity of the
communication channel can be utilized efficiently.*A single ACK acknowledge

multiple frames.*Sliding Window refers to imaginary boxes at both the sender and receiver end.*The
window can hold the frames at either end, and it provides the upper limit on the number of frames that
can be transmitted before the acknowledgement.*Frames can be acknowledged even when the window
is not completely filled.*The window has a specific size in which they are numbered as modulo-n means
that they are numbered from 0 to n-1. For example, if n = 8, the frames are numbered from
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,0,1........*The size of the window is represented as n-1. Therefore,
maximum n-1 frames can be sent before acknowledgement.*When the receiver sends the ACK, it
includes the number of the next frame that it wants to receive. For example, to acknowledge the string
of frames ending with frame number 4, the receiver will send the ACK containing the number 5. When
the sender sees the ACK with the number 5, it got to know that the frames from 0 through 4 have been
received.

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