PROJECT REPORT

SOLATEK - Enhanced Solar Street

Lighting and Energy Harvesting System

20CBPJ601- INNOVATIVE DESIGN PROJECT

Submitted by

SAI SAKTHIVEL R S - 412521244046

AKSHAYA J S - 412521244002
RAGURAM K - 412521244042

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND BUSINESS SYSTEMS

SRI SAI RAM ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(An Autonomous Institution; Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai - 600 025)

ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI - 600 025

MAY 2024
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “SOLATEK - Enhanced Solar Street

Lighting and Energy Harvesting System” is the Bonafide Work of

“SAI SAKTHIVEL R S - 412521244046, AKSHAYA J S -

412521244002, RAGURAM K - 412521244042” who carried out

20CBPJ601 - LIVE IN LAB-IV Project Work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

GUIDE LAB INCHARGE HOD
Dr. M. ANANTHI Mr. D. PRABHU Dr. M. ANANTHI

Submitted for the project viva-voce examination held on ____________________.

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

S. NO. TITLE PG. NO.

1 PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT
1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT 5
1.1.1 - CONTEXT 5

1.1.2 - DESCRIPTION OF CURRENT SITUATION 5

1.1.3 - IDEAL STATE 5

1.1.4 - POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS AND INNOVATION 5

1.2 HIGH LEVEL DESIGN

1.2.1 - WORKFLOW DIAGRAM 6

1.2.2 - BLOCK DIAGRAM 7

1.2.3 - ARCHITECTURE DIAGRAM 7

1.2.4 - STATE TRANSITION DIAGRAM 7

1.3 MODULES AND THEIR DESCRIPTION 8
1.4 PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT 12
2 BUSINESS PITCHING
2.1 PITCH DECK PREPARATION 14
2.2 MOCK PITCHING 15
3 TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVEL (TRL)
ASSIGNMENT / QUIZ ON TECHNOLOGY
3.1 18
READINESS LEVEL
4 OUTSIDE WORLD PROJECTION 20

5 PROOF FOR SELF LEARNING 26

6 FINAL PPT 27

7 CONCLUSION 28

8 REFERENCES 28
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We wish to record our sincere gratitude to our respected Chairman & CEO,
Dr. SAI PRAKASH LEO MUTHU, for his encouragement towards our
project activities and extending all the facilities needed to carry out this
project.

We wish to record our sincere thanks to Dr. K. PORKUMARAN, Principal

for extending all the facilities needed to carry out this project.

We express our sincere thanks to Dr. M. ANANTHI, HoD - CSBS for the
facilities provided to complete this project.

We wish to express our sincere thanks to our Live in Lab Coordinator

Mr. D. PRABHU, Assistant Professor - CSBS, for his valuable guidance,
constant motivation during the course of this project.

We wish to express our sincere thanks to the entire TEACHING AND

NON-TEACHING STAFF of the Department of Computer Science and
Business Systems.

We also thank our PARENTS AND FRIENDS for their support and
dedication to complete this project successfully.
 ABSTRACT
In this project, we address inefficiencies in solar street lighting systems by
integrating Peltier modules with solar panels in a "sandwich model"
configuration that captures surplus heat during sunlight exposure. This
heat, along with the energy from the solar panels, is stored in batteries
during the day. At night, the lights are powered by the mains, with the
Peltier modules converting the heat generated by the LEDs using the
Seebeck effect, thereby providing a dual-purpose and energy-efficient
solution. Additionally, we implement a dataset using Arduino Nano to
monitor and display voltage and current on an LCD screen, enhancing real-
time system diagnostics and performance tracking. This project showcases a
technically sound and commercially viable approach to harnessing wasted
heat for sustainable energy production from LED lights without the need
for significant changes to existing infrastructure.

Keywords: Solar panels, Peltier modules, LED lights, Seebeck effect,

Sandwich model, Arduino Nano, voltage monitoring, LCD display.
 JUSTIFICATION FOR SDGs & SAP

SDG 7 (AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY) - SAP0702

To increase the sources of renewable energy,
and reduce use of conventional sources

SDG 12 (RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND

PRODUCTION) - SAP1202
To effectively utilize the energy produced
in the form of heat for economical advantage

SDG 15 (LIFE ON LAND) - SAP1503

To prevent the excessive degradation of land
and natural resources for energy production
1. PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT

1.1. PROBLEM STATEMENT:

1.1.1 CONTEXT

Urban environments are increasingly turning to solar street lighting for its eco-
friendly and cost-effective illumination. However, traditional systems lose
valuable potential by wasting the excess heat energy generated alongside light.

1.1.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE CURRENT SITUATION

Current solar panels convert only a portion of sunlight into electricity, leaving
significant heat energy unused. This untapped potential translates to lost
efficiency and missed opportunities for maximized light output.

1.1.3 IDEAL STATE

Imagine solar street lights that not only harness sunlight for illumination but
also capture and convert the excess heat into additional electricity. This would
revolutionize efficiency, brighten streets, and reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.

1.1.4 POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS AND INNOVATION

Our project proposes integrating Peltier modules with solar panels. These
modules utilize the Seedbeck effect to convert temperature differentials into
electricity, making the most of the previously wasted heat. This innovative
approach promises to boost overall performance and energy efficiency of solar
street lighting systems.
1.2. HIGH LEVEL DESIGN:
1.2.1 WORKFLOW DIAGRAM

START

LIGHT ENERGY CAPTURED

FROM SUNLIGHT

ENERGY CONVERSION INTO

ELECTRICITY BY PV CELLS

RETAINED HEAT HARVESTED FROM

PV CELLS AND LIGHT INTO
ELECTRICITY BY PELTIER MODULES

VOLTAGE IS STEPPED UP WITH

A BOOST CONVERTER

ELECTRICITY IS STORED TO BATTERY

WITH A CHARGING MODULE

STOP
 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

SOLAR PANEL
VOLTAGE CHARGING
PELTIER MODULE BOOSTER MODULE
TO MAINS LED LIGHT

BATTERY
SIMULATION OF VOLTMETER

SCHEMATIC VIEW

ARDUINO IDE CODE

1.3 MODULES AND THEIR DESCRIPTION
1.3.1. Solar Panel:
Heart of the system: This high-efficiency photovoltaic
panel captures sunlight and converts into direct
current, powering the streetlight and charging the
battery.
Technology options: Monocrystalline panels are better
as its efficiency of the monocrystalline lies between
15% and 20%.
Durable and weatherproof: Designed to withstand
harsh weather conditions extreme temperatures for
reliable operation.

1.3.2. Peltier Modules:

Heat-to-electricity conversion: These solid-state devices utilize the Seebeck effect
to convert the temperature difference between their hot and cold sides into
usable DC electricity.
Modular design: Multiple Peltier modules can be strategically arranged to
maximize heat capture and electricity generation based on the specific
streetlight design and heat exchanger efficiency.
Material considerations: Choosing high-performance materials like bismuth
telluride can significantly improve energy conversion efficiency.
1.3.3. Aluminium Heat Sink:
Bridging the gap: This vital component efficiently transfers heat from the sun-
warmed solar panel to the hot side of the Peltier modules, creating the necessary
temperature difference for electricity generation.
Design options: Consider finned heat sinks, liquid cooling loops, or heat pipes
for optimal heat transfer based on cost, complexity, and environmental
considerations.
Material properties: High thermal conductivity materials like copper or
aluminum ensure efficient heat transfer, maximizing Peltier module
performance.

1.3.4. Control System:

Brain of the operation: This microprocessor unit gathers data from sensors
monitoring temperature, voltage, and current. It then optimizes system
performance by regulating heat transfer, fan speed, and battery
charging/discharging.
Safety features: The control system incorporates safety protocols to prevent
overheating, overcharging, and electrical overloads, ensuring system longevity
and user safety.
Data acquisition and monitoring: Advanced systems might allow remote
monitoring of performance metrics and adjustments via a user interface,
facilitating preventative maintenance and optimized operation.
1.3.5. Arduino Nano:
The Arduino Nano is a compact, breadboard-friendly microcontroller board
based on the ATmega328P, designed for embedded systems and projects with
limited space. It operates at 5V, features 14 digital I/O pins (6 with PWM), 8
analog inputs, 32 KB of flash memory, and runs at a clock speed of 16 MHz. It
connects via a Mini-B USB for programming and power, supports serial
communication protocols (UART, I2C, SPI), and is programmed using the
Arduino IDE. Its small size, versatility, and extensive community support make
it ideal for prototyping, DIY projects, and various applications in
environmental monitoring, home automation, robotics, and wearable devices.

1.3.6. LCD Display:

The LCD display in this project is a 16x2 character Liquid Crystal Display,
perfect for real-time data visualization with microcontroller systems like the
Arduino Nano. It operates at 5V and uses the Hitachi HD44780 driver,
allowing easy interfacing through the Arduino’s LiquidCrystal library. The
display shows two lines of up to 16 characters each, with an adjustable contrast
via a potentiometer and an LED backlight for visibility. Connected to the
Arduino Nano, it displays real-time voltage and current readings, aiding in
system performance monitoring and diagnostics. This enhances the user
interface by providing immediate feedback and ensuring optimal system
efficiency.
1.4 PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT (90%)
 ARDIUNO IDE : THIS CODE IS USED TO DISPLAYS THE
VOLTAGE AND CURRENT VALUE PRODUCED FROM THE
LIGHT IN LCD DISPLAY

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
int analogInput = 0;
float vout = 0.0;
float vin = 0.0;
float R1 = 100000.0; // insert exact resistance value R1 (100K)
float R2 = 10000.0; // enter exact value of resistance R2 (10K)

int value = 0;

void setup(){
pinMode(analogInput, INPUT);
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.print("VOLTMETRO DC");
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop(){
value = analogRead(analogInput);

vout = (value * 5.0) / 1024.0;

// insert the output in volts between 5.0V and GND of your Arduino
instead of 5.0V

vin = vout / (R2/(R1+R2));

if (vin<0.09) {
vin=0.0;
}
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print("INPUT V= ");
lcd.print(vin);
delay(500);
}
2.1 PITCH DECK PREPARATION
2.2 MOCK PITCHING

2.2.1 INTRODUCTION

Imagine a future where the streets come alive with energy efficiency, where
the very sunlight that graces our days becomes a 24/7 source of
illumination.Our mission is clear: to tackle the inefficiencies plaguing
traditional solar street lighting systems. In this pursuit, we introduce a
paradigm-shifting approach—a fusion of solar panels and Peltier modules
in a unique "sandwich model" configuration. But this isn't just about
capturing sunlight; it's about harnessing the surplus heat it brings, storing
it intelligently, and using it to power our nights.

2.2.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The conventional sources of energy pose challenges such as landmass

degradation, climate change, etc to the vision for a sustainable
development action, causing threats to our planet Earth.

Nearly 50,000 Acres of cultivable fertile land is being destroyed for the
generation of electricity in Tamil Nadu, where the requirements are far
beyond the quantity produced and stored.

Moreover, the unused and latent heat energy from back side of solar
panels remain unutilized due to heat dissipation. This loss of energy needs
to be addressed with an effective solution to be implemented in street
lights to save electricity.

2.2.3. PROPOSED SOLUTION

Current solar panels convert only a portion of sunlight into electricity,

leaving significant heat energy unused. Our project proposes integrating
Peltier modules with solar panels.
Sunlight hits the solar panel, generating both electricity and heat. The heat
gets transferred to the Peltier modules, creating a temperature difference.
This difference triggers the Seebeck effect, producing additional electricity
that feeds back into the system, amplifying light output. These modules
utilize the Seebeck effect to convert temperature differentials into
electricity, making the most of the previously wasted heat.

2.2.4.MARKET ANALYSIS

1.Rising Demand for Sustainable Solutions:

There is a clear trend towards environmentally friendly technologies, with
a growing demand for solutions that reduce energy consumption and
carbon footprints. Our thermal integration technology aligns perfectly
with this trend, offering a sustainable and energy-efficient alternative.

2.Integration of Advanced Technologies:

The market is witnessing a shift towards the integration of advanced
technologies in outdoor lighting systems. Smart controls, energy storage
solutions, and innovative designs are becoming key factors in decision-
making. Our dual-purpose lighting system, with its seamless integration of
Peltier modules and solar panels, caters to these evolving market demands.

3.Government Initiatives and Incentives:

Many governments worldwide are implementing initiatives and providing
incentives to encourage the adoption of sustainable technologies. Our
solution aligns with these initiatives, making it an attractive option for
municipalities and organizations looking to meet environmental goals
while benefiting from potential cost savings.
2.2.5. REVENUE MODEL

1.PRODUCT SALES:
Generate revenue through the sale of integrated solar street lighting
systems, featuring the unique "sandwich model" configuration.

2.INSTALLATION AND INTEGRATION SERVICES:

Offer professional installation and integration services to ensure optimal
system performance.

3.MAINTENANCE CONTRACTS:
Establish recurring revenue streams through long-term maintenance and
support contracts.

4.LICENSING AND PARTNERSHIPS:

Explore licensing opportunities and partnerships with manufacturers
interested in incorporating our technology.

2.2.6. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

In a landscape dominated by traditional solar lighting providers,

renewable energy solution companies, and smart lighting technology
firms, our thermal integration technology stands out with its efficiency
and dual-purpose functionality. The seamless compatibility with existing
infrastructure, protected by patents, gives us a competitive edge.
Incorporating smart controls and analytics enhances our market position,
and our sustainability focus, including surplus heat utilization, appeals to
environmentally conscious clients. Strategic collaborations, customization
options, and international expansion present growth opportunities, while
ongoing research and development ensure we stay ahead in the dynamic
market of solar street lighting.
2.2.7. CALL TO ACTION
Embark on a journey towards a sustainable and efficient future with our
revolutionary thermal integration technology. Explore partnership
opportunities to integrate our innovative "sandwich model" configuration
into your outdoor lighting projects. Request a demo or consultation to
witness firsthand the transformative power of our solution. Stay informed
about our progress and industry insights by subscribing to updates. For
investors seeking cutting-edge opportunities, consider investing in our
vision to drive innovation and shape the future of solar street lighting.
Connect with us on social media, attend webinars, and join the
conversation as we collectively illuminate a path to a brighter and greener
tomorrow. The solar evolution awaits—join us in leading the way!

3.TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVEL (TRL)

3.1 QUIZ ON TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVEL

1. What is the primary function of the Peltier device in this system?

a) Focus sunlight onto the LED structure
b) Generate heat from electricity
c) Directly convert sunlight into electricity
d) Generate electricity from temperature differences

2. Which potential market could benefit most from this type of street lighting
system?
a) Urban areas with well-developed infrastructure
b) Remote locations with limited access to electricity
c) Industrial facilities requiring high-intensity lighting
d) Residential areas with concerns about light pollution
3. Compared to conventional LEDs, the sandwich structure offers:
a) Increased cost but lower energy consumption
b) Lower brightness but improved durability
c) Reduced lifespan but higher color quality
d) Enhanced luminescence efficiency and color

4. Future development of this technology could focus on:

a) Integrating smart control features for energy management
b) Developing more efficient and durable Peltier materials
c) Increasing the light output through improved LED design
d) All of the above

5. Compared to organic LEDs, the Peltier-sandwich system offers:

a) Higher efficiency and longer lifespan
b) Lower cost and easier manufacturing
c) Better color rendering and flexibility
d) None of the above

6. Which emerging solar street lighting technology poses the biggest

challenge to the Peltier-sandwich system?
a) Concentrated photovoltaic systems
b) Bio-luminescent plants
c) Organic LEDs
d) Wind-powered generators

7. A major technical challenge associated with the Peltier device in this

system is:
a) High manufacturing cost
b) Low operating efficiency
c) Sensitivity to environmental conditions
d) Limited lifespan due to material degradation
4. OUTSIDE WORLD PROJECTION

OUR TEAM HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY PARTICIPATING IN

VARIOUS HACKATHONS AND PITCHFESTS AND BRINGING
LAURELS IN ALL OUR ENDEAVOURS.
5. PROOF FOR SELF LEARNING / PARTICIPATION
6. FINAL PPT
7. CONCLUSION
In summary, our project focuses on integrating Peltier Modules with Solar
Panels and LED Lights for improved street lighting. It is providing a
sustainable solution in place of the existing conventional energy sources,
by capturing surplus heat during the day, storing it along with the solar
energy captured by sunlight in batteries.

By utilizing the LED Lights during the night, we convert the heat
produced into electricity from Peltier Modules and provide an energy-
efficient, is dual-source power for a commercially viable solution. This
innovative approach harnesses wasted heat, developing sustainable urban
lighting without significant infrastructural changes. The project represents
a scalable model for impactful, eco-friendly urban development.

8. REFERENCES

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10.1109/ELECTRONICA52725.2021.9513669.

2. A. Skala and Z. Waradzyn, "Investigation and Determination of Efficiency

of the Waste Heat Recovery System Using Peltier Modules," 2018 Conference
on Electrotechnology: Processes, Models, Control and Computer Science
(EPMCCS), Kielce, Poland, 2018, pp. 1-5, doi:
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3. A. Jridi, J. Chrouta, H. KHaterchi, R. Ben Messaoud and A. Zaafouri,

"Optimization of a Peltier influence cooling system for photovoltaic cells,"
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4. I. Belovski, K. Ivanov, A. Aleksandrov and I. Aleksandrova, "Regression
Model of a Thermoelectric Generator based on Peltier Modules," 2021 17th
Conference on Electrical Machines, Drives and Power Systems (ELMA), Sofia,
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5. L. Liu, X. Meng and M. Zhuang, "Analysis and Verification of Seebeck

Effect and Peltier Effect Co-existence on a Thermoelectric Device," 2022 7th
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