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Chapter 2

Kinematic Analysis Part I: Vector Loop

Method - Solutions

For the mechanisms shown in Problems 2.1-2.16,

1.) Draw an appropriate vector loop.
2.) Write out the VLE(s).
3.) Write the X and Y components of the VLE(s) in their simplest form.
4.) Write down all geometric constraints.
5.) Summarize the scalar knowns and the scalar unknowns.
6.) From all the above, deduce the number of degrees of freedom in the systems.
7.) Check your result in 6.) against Gruebler’s Criterion.
Problem 2.1

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below. In all vector loop problems, vectors may be in the opposite direction of what is
shown and they can also be in any sequence and numbered in any way. Take origin of coordinate system to be at the pin
joint between 1 and 2 (pin joint between 1 and 4 also suitable). Align the X axis with r¯1 .

2.) The VLE is,

− ¯
r¯1 + r¯4 + r¯3 r¯2 = 0

3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (noting θ1 = 0),

r1 + r4cosθ4 + r3cosθ3 − r2cosθ2 = 0 (1)
r4sinθ4 + r3sinθ3 − r2sinθ2 = 0 (2)

4.) There are no geometric constraints

5.) The two position equations (1) and (2) contain,
scalar knowns: r1, r4, r3, r2, θ1 = 0
and
scalar unknowns:ndθ4 , θ3 a θ2.
6.) Two position equations in three scalar unknowns means one scalar unknown must be given so that the remaining two
can be calculated from the position equations. So, the system has one degree of freedom, which agrees with Gruebler’s
Criterion.
 15

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 Y
2
r¯2
1
3

r¯1 r¯3

+
4

r¯4

Also a suitable origin for the fixed frame

fig608soltn

1
X

Problem 2.2

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

r¯2
2
r¯3

r¯4 X
1
3 1

1 fig609

1
Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the pin joint between 1 and 2. There is no other fixed point in
the vector loop which could serve as the origin. Align the X axis with r¯4 .
2.) The VLE is,
− ¯
r¯4 + r¯3 r¯2 = 0

3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (noting that θ4 = 0 and θ3 = π/2),
r4 − r2cosθ2 = 0 (1)

16 16
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 r3 − r2sinθ2 = 0 (2)

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 4.) There are no geometric constraints
5.) The two scalar position equations (1) and (2) contain,
π
scalar knowns: r2, θ3 = 2, θ4 = 0
and
scalar unknowns: θ2, r3 and r4.
6.) Two position equations in three unknowns means one of the scalar unknowns must be given so the remaining two
can be calculated. So the system has one degree of freedom, which agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.
Problem 2.3

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

r¯2 r¯4
Y
+ 1
2 3
r¯3

r¯1 X

Alternate location for origin of coordinate system

fig610soltn
1

Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the pin joint between 1 and 2. Could also have been located
at the point where r¯1 contact r¯4 . Align the X axis with r¯1 .
2.) The VLE is,
− ¯
r¯1 + r¯3 + r¯4 r¯2 = 0

3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (noting that θ1 = 0 and θ3 = π/2)
r1 + r4cosθ4 − r2cosθ2 = 0 (1)
r3 + r4sinθ4 − r2sinθ2 = 0. (2)

4.) Since r¯2 and r¯4 are always orthogonal, we have a geometric constraint,

θ2 + π/2 = θ4 −→ θ2 + π/2 − θ4 = 0. (3)

5.) The three scalar position equations π(1) - (3) contain,

scalar knowns: r , r , θ = 0, θ =
1 4 1 3 2

scalar unknowns: r2, θ2, θ4, and r3.

6.) The three position equations contain four unknowns meaning one of the scalar unknowns must be given so that the
remaining three can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has one degree of freedom which
agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

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Problem
Problem
2.4 2.4

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

Y
3
r¯3
fig077soltn

2 r¯4

r¯2 4
Alternate location for origin of coordinate system
r¯1
1
X
1

Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the pin joint between 1 and 2. The origin could also have
been located at the pin joint between 1 and 4. Align the X axis with r¯1 .
2.) The VLE is,
− − ¯
r¯1 + r¯4 r¯3 r¯2 =0

3.) The VLE has scalar components (noting that θ1 = 0),

r1 + r4cosθ4 − r3cosθ3 − r2cosθ2 = 0 (1)

r4sinθ4 − r3sinθ3 − r2sinθ2 = 0. (2)

4.) Vectors r¯2 and r¯3 are always orthogonal so,

θ3 + π/2 = θ2 −→ θ3 + π/2 − θ2 = 0. (3)

5.) The three position equations (1) - (3) contain,

scalar knowns: r1, r2, r4, θ1 = 0,
and
scalar unknowns: θ2, θ3, r3 and θ4.
6.) The three position equations contain four unknowns meaning one of the scalar unknowns must be given so that the
remaining three can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has one degree of freedom, which
agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

4 4
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Problem
Problem
2.5 2.5

1.) Correct vector loops are drawn below.

Y Alternate location for origin of coordinate system

r¯2
2
1
X r¯1 1
r¯3
3 r¯4
6 4
r¯6 5
r¯5

fig179asoltn

Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the pin joint between 1 and 2. The point where r¯4 and r¯4
touch is an alternate location for the origin. Align the X axis with r¯1 .
2.) The VLEs are,
¯
r¯2 + r¯3 − r¯5 − r¯6 = 0
¯
r¯1 + r¯4 − r¯5 − r¯6 = 0
3.) The VLE has scalar components (note that θ1 = 0 and θ4 = −π/2),
r2cosθ2 + r3cosθ3 − r5cosθ5 − r6cosθ6 = 0 (1)
r2sinθ2 + r3sinθ3 − r5sinθ5 − r6sinθ6 = 0 (2)
r1 − r5cosθ5 − r6cosθ6 = 0 (3)
−r4 − r5sinθ5 − r6sinθ6 = 0 (4)
4.) There are no geometric constraints
5.) The four scalar position equations (1) - (4) contain,
π
scalar knowns: r1, r2, r3, r5, r6, θ1 = 0, θ4 = − 2
and
scalar unknowns: θ2, θ3, r4, θ5, θ6.
6.) The four position equations contain five unknowns meaning one of the scalar unknowns must be given so that the
remaining four can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has one degree of freedom which
agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

5 5
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Problem
Problem
2.6 2.6

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

Y 3

r¯3 +
2
r¯6
+ 4
r¯2 r¯4

r¯5

5
1
r¯1
Alternate location for origin of coordinate system
X
fig078soltn
1
Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the pin joint between 1 and 2. The pin joint between 1 and 5 is
also suitable. Align the X axis with r¯1 .
2.) The VLE is,
− − ¯
r¯2 + r¯3 + r¯6 + r¯4 r¯5 r¯1 = 0

3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (note θ1 = 0),

r2cosθ2 + r3cosθ3 + r6cosθ6 + r4cosθ4 − r5cosθ5 − r1 = 0 (1)
r2sinθ2 + r3sinθ3 + r6sinθ6 + r4sinθ4 − r5sinθ5 = 0. (2)

4.) Vectors r¯6 and r¯4 are always orthogonal so,

θ6 + π/2 = θ4 −→ θ6 + π/2 − θ4 = 0 (3)

5.) The three position equations (1) - (3) contain,

scalar knowns: r2, r3, r6, r5, r1, θ1 = 0
and
scalar unknowns: θ2, θ3 , θ6, θ4, θ5,and r4.
6.) The three position equations contain six unknowns meaning three of the scalar unknowns must be given so that the
remaining three can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has three degrees of freedom
which agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

6 6
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Problem
Problem
2.7 2.7

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

r¯
55
r¯6
r¯
4 +
4 1
r¯8 r¯1

X 3 r¯3
1

r¯7 Alternate locations for

2 r¯2 origin of coordinate system

1
fig079soltn

Y
Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the point where vectors r2 and r7 contact. The origin could also
have been located at the pin joint between 1 and 4 or the pin joint between 1 and 5. Align the X
axis with r¯2 .
2.) The VLEs are,
¯
r¯7 + r¯2 + r¯3 + r¯4 − r¯8 = 0
¯
r¯8 + r¯6 − r¯5 + r¯1 = 0

3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (note θ2 = 0 and θ7 = π/2),

r2 + r3cosθ3 + r4cosθ4 − r8cosθ8 = 0 (1)

r7 + r3sinθ3 + r4sinθ4 − r8sinθ8 = 0 (2)
r8cosθ8 + r6cosθ6 − r5cosθ5 + r1cosθ1 = 0 (3)
r8sinθ8 + r6sinθ6 − r5sinθ5 + r1sinθ1 = 0. (4)

4.) Vectors r¯8 and r¯4 both rotate with 4, so the angle between them, γ, is a constant, so

θ4 + γ = θ8 −→ θ4 + γ − θ8 = 0 (5)

5.) These five position equations (1) - (5) contain,

scalar knowns:r1, θ1, r2, θ2 = 0, r3, r4, r5, r6, r7, θ7 = π/2, r8 and

scalar unknowns: r2, θ3, θ4, θ5, θ6, θ8.

6.) The five scalar position equations contain six scalar unknowns meaning one of the scalar unknowns must be given so
that the remaining five can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has one degree of freedom,
which agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

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Problem
Problem
2.8 2.8

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

1
Y
3
r¯4

Q
X 2
r¯2
r¯3

fig080soltn

1
The simplest possible vector loop uses a reference point Q on a hypothetical extension of 3. You can imagine the slot on
3 extending out to include the point Q on it. Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the pin joint between
1 and 2. This is the only possible origin. Align the Y axis with r¯3 .
2.) The VLE is,
− − ¯
r¯2 r¯4 r¯3 =0

3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (note θ3 = π/2),

r2cosθ2 − r4cosθ4 = 0 (1)

r2sinθ2 − r4sinθ4 − r3 = 0 (2)

4.) There are no geometric constraints.

5.) The position equations (1)
π
and (2) contain,
scalar knowns: r , θ = ,θ
2 3 2 4

scalar unknowns: θ2, r3 and r4.

6.) The two position equations (1) and (2) contain three unknowns meaning one of the scalar unknowns must be given
so that the remaining two can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has one degree of freedom
which agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

8 8
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Problem
Problem
2.9 2.9

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

Alternate location for 3

origin of coordinate system r¯3

r¯1
r¯2
2

fig081soltn

X
1
Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the pin joint between 1 and 2. The origin also can be placed
where r¯1 contacts r¯3 .
2.) Align the Y axis with r¯1 . The VLE is,
− ¯
r¯1 + r¯3 r¯2 = 0
3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (note θ1 = π/2 and θ3 = 0),
r3 − r2cosθ2 = 0 (1)
r1 − r2sinθ2 = 0 (2)

4.) There are no geometric constraints.

5.) The position equations (1) and (2) contain,
scalar knowns: r1, θ1 = π/2, r2, θ3 = 0
and
scalar unknowns: θ2 and r3.
6.) The two position equations contain two unknowns meaning none of the scalar unknowns need be given. This means
the system has zero degrees of freedom and is a statically determinate structure, which agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

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Problem
Problem
2.10 2.10

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

1 Y

3 r¯4 X
4
r¯1
fig082soltn 2
r¯2 1
r¯3
Alternate location for
origin of coordinate system
Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at point where r¯1 touches r¯4 . The pin joint between 1 and 2 is
an alternate location for the origin. Align the X axis with r¯4 .
2.) The VLE is,
− ¯
r¯1 + r¯4 + r¯3 r¯2 = 0

3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (note θ1 = π/2 and θ4 = π),
−r4 + r3cosθ3 − r2cosθ2 = 0 (1)
r1 + r3sinθ3 − r2sinθ2 = 0. (2)

4.) r¯3 and r¯2 both rotate with 2 and are always orthogonal, so

θ2 + π/2 = θ3 −→ θ2 + π/2 − θ3 = 0 (3)

5.) The three position equations (1) - (3) contain,

scalar knowns: r1, θ1 = 0, θ4 = π, r3,
and
scalar unknowns: r4, θ3, θ2 and r2.
6.) The three position equations contain four unknowns meaning one of the scalar unknowns must be given so that the
remaining three can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has one degree of freedom which
agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

10 10
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Problem
Problem
2.11 2.11

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

r¯4
3
Y
r¯3 2
r¯1
1 r¯2 1
fig508soltn

X
Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at pin joint between 1 and 3. There are no other possibilities for this
origin. Align the X axis with r¯2 .
2.) The VLE is,
− ¯
r¯2 + r¯1 + r¯4 r¯3 = 0

3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (note θ1 = π/2 and θ2 = 0),
r2 + r4cosθ4 − r3cosθ3 = 0 (1)
r1 + r4sinθ4 − r3sinθ3 = 0. (2)

4.) r¯3 and r¯4 both rotate with 3 and are always orthogonal so,

θ3 + π/2 = θ4 −→ θ3 + π/2 − θ4 = 0. (3)

5.) The three position equations (1) - (3) contain,

scalar knowns: θ2 = 0, r1, θ1 = π/2, r4,
and
scalar unknowns: r2, θ4, r3 and θ3.
6.) The three position equations contain four unknowns meaning one of the scalar unknowns must be given so that the
remaining three can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has one degree of freedom which
agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

11 11
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Problem
Problem
2.12 2.12

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

r¯2

3
r¯3
1
Y
r¯5
r¯4
X
r¯1

fig611soltn
1

Alternate location for origin of coordinate system

Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the pin joint between 1 and 3. An alternate location would be
where vectors r¯1 and r¯2 touch. Align the X axis with r¯1 .
2.) The VLE is,
− − ¯
r¯1 + r¯2 r¯3 r¯4 = 0

3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (note θ1 = π and θ2 = π/2),
−r1 − r3cosθ3 − r4cosθ4 = 0 (1)
r2 − r3sinθ3 − r4sinθ4 = 0. (2)

4.) r¯3 and r¯4 both rotate with 3 and are always orthogonal so,

θ4 + π/2 = θ3 −→ θ4 + π/2 − θ3 = 0. (3)

5.) The three position equations (1) - (3) contain,

scalar knowns: r1, θ1 = π, r2, θ5 = π/2, r4,
and
scalar unknowns: r5, θ2, r3, θ3 and θ4.
6.) The three position equations contain five unknowns meaning two of the scalar unknowns must be given so that the
remaining three can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has two degrees-of-freedom
which agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

12 12
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Problem
Problem
2.13 2.13

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below.

r¯2
2

r¯3
+
3

r¯5 +

X
1
r¯4

r¯6
+
4

r¯7
Y r¯1 1

fig421soltn

Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the point where r¯1 and r¯7 touch. There are no other
possibilities for this origin. Align the X axis with r¯1 .
2.) The VLE is,
¯
r¯1 + r¯6 − r¯5 − r¯7 = 0
but none of these vectors capture the rotation of 2, 3 or 4, so we need to attach vectors to those three bodies. These are
the vectors r¯2 , r¯3 and r¯4 respectively. Their magnitudes r2 , r3 and r4 are arbitrary but known.
3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (note θ1 = 0),

r1 + r6cosθ6 − r5cosθ5 − r7cosθ7 = 0 (1)

r6sinθ6 − r5sinθ5 − r7sinθ7 = 0 (2)
4.) There are no geometric constraints.
5.) The position equations (1) and (2)and the additionally needed vectors r¯2 , r¯3 and r¯2 contain
scalar knowns: r2, r3, r4, θ1 = 0, θ7, r5, r6,
and
scalar unknowns: θ2, θ3, θ4, θ5, θ6, r1 and r7.
6.) The two position equations along with the three additionally required vectors contain seven unknowns meaning five
of the unknowns must be given in order to compute the remaining two. This means the system has five degrees of
freedom which agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

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Problem
Problem
2.14 2.14

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below. The shown origin is the only possibility. Align the X axis with r¯1 . 2.) The
VLEs are,
3
r¯3

r¯5 r¯6

2
r¯2 r¯4
Y

r¯1
1
1 fig205soltn

− − ¯ − − ¯
r¯1 + r¯4 + r¯5 + r¯3 r¯6 r¯2 = 0 and r¯6 r¯3 r¯5 = 0.

3.) The VLEs simplified scalar components are (note θ1 = 0),

r1 + r4cosθ4 + r5cosθ5 + r3cosθ3 − r6cosθ6 − r2cosθ2 = 0 (1)
r4sinθ4 + r5sinθ5 + r3sinθ3 − r6sinθ6 − r2sinθ2 = 0 (2)
r6cosθ6 − r3cosθ3 − r5cosθ5 = 0 (3)
r6sinθ6 − r3sinθ3 − r5sinθ5 = 0. (4)

4.) r¯2 and r¯6 both rotate with 2 and are always in-line. Likewise r¯4 and r¯5 both rotate with 4 and are always in-
line so,

θ2 = θ6 −→ θ2 − θ6 = 0 (5)
θ4 = θ5 −→ θ4 − θ5 = 0. (6)

5.) This system of 6 position equations (1) - (6)has

scalar knowns: r2, r6, r4, r5, θ1 = 0,
and
scalar unknowns: θ2, θ6, r3, θ3, θ5, θ4, and r1.
6.) The six position equations along with the seven unknowns means one of the unknowns must be given in order to
compute the remaining six. This means the system has one degrees of freedom which agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.
Many people are confused by the variable θ3 being an unknown. They are inclined to say θ3 = 0. If the exacting
conditions of r2 = r4 and r5 = r6 are met, along with exacting conditions that r¯2 , r¯6 and r¯4 , r¯5 in-line , then it is true

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that θProblem
Problem 2.15be2.15
3 will zero. However these precise conditions can never be met as there are tolerances involved with any real
system. Consequently, θ3 is an unknown and as the mechanism articulates it will vary. The variation may be so small as
to not be observable, but it exists.

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Problem
Problem
2.16 2.16

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below. Take the origin at the point where r¯1 touches r¯2 . Align the X axis

2
X
r¯3 r¯4

r¯2
3
r¯1 1

fig364

Alternate location for origin of coordinate system

with r¯2 . An alternate origin is the pin joint between 1 and 3.

2.) The VLE is,
¯
r¯1 + r¯2 + r¯4 + r¯3 = 0
3.) The VLE has simplified scalar components (note θ1 = −π/2 and θ2 = 0),

r2 + r4cosθ4 + r3cosθ3 = 0 (1)

−r1 + r4sinθ4 + r3sinθ3 = 0. (2)

4.) r¯3 and r¯4 rotate with 3 and are always orthogonal so,

θ4 + π/2 = θ3 −→ θ4 + π/2 − θ3 = 0 (3)

5.) The three position equations (1) and (3) contain,
scalar knowns : r1, θ1 = −π/2, θ2 = 0, r4
and
scalar unknowns: r2, θ4, θ3 and r3.
6.) The three position equations contain four unknowns meaning one of the scalar unknowns must be given so that the
remaining three can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has one degree of freedom which
agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

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Problem
Problem
2.17 2.17

1.) A correct vector loop is drawn below. Take the origin of the fixed coordinate system to be at the pin joint

Y
3
4
r¯3
2 r¯4
r¯2 X
r¯8 γ
r¯7 1
1
r¯1 r¯6
r¯5

between 1 and 2. There is no alternate possibility for the origin. Align the X axis with r¯8 (and r¯5 ). 2.)
The VLEs are,

r¯2 + r¯3 + r¯4 − r¯5 − r¯1

¯
=0

− ¯
r¯2 + r¯3 + r¯4 + r¯6 + r¯7 r¯8 = 0

3.) The VLEs have simplified scalar components (note θ1 = −π/2, θ5 = θ8 = 0, θ7 = π/2),
r2cosθ2 + r3cosθ3 + r4cosθ4 − r5 = 0 (1)
r2sinθ2 + r3sinθ3 + r4sinθ4 + r1 = 0 (2)
r2cosθ2 + r3cosθ3 + r4cosθ4 + r6cosθ2 − r8 = 0 (3)
r2sinθ2 + r3sinθ3 + r4sinθ4 + r6sinθ2 + r7 = 0. (4)

4.) r¯4 and r¯6 both rotate with link 4 so the angle between them (γ as shown) is constant, so

θ6 + γ + π = θ4 −→ θ6 + γ + π − θ4 = 0 (5)
5.) The five position equations (1) and (5) contain,
scalar knowns: r2, r3, r4, θ5 = 0, r1, θ1 = −π/2, r6, θ7 = π/2, r8, θ8 = 0, and

scalar unknowns: θ2, θ3 and θ4 , r5, θ6, r7

6.) The five position equations contain six unknowns meaning one of the scalar unknowns must be given so that the
remaining five can be calculated from the position equations. This means the system has one degree of freedom which
agrees with Gruebler’s Criterion.

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Problem 2.17

1.) Take θ2 as the known input. Outline all equations needed to implement Newton’s Method to solve for the
remaining five unknowns as was done in Section 2.4, using,
r3
r4
x¯ = r5 .
θ3
θ4

Solution to Part 1.)

¯
Define a vector f of the homogeneous functions whose roots are to be found.

f1 (x¯) r2 cosθ2 − r3 cosθ3 + r1

f2 (x¯) r2sin θ2 − r3sin θ3
f¯(x¯) = f3 (x¯)
= +r =0
r6 − r4cosθ4 1 ¯
f5 (x¯) θ 4 − θ3
f4 (x¯) −r5 − r4sinθ4
f5 (x¯)
−
f5 (x¯)
θ4 θ3
Find the Jacobian matrix of partial derivatives.

Σ Σ

¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
J (x¯) = ∂f /∂r3 ∂f /∂r4 ∂f /∂r 5 ∂f /∂θ3 ∂f /∂θ4

−cosθ3 0 0 r3sinθ3 0
−sinθ 3 0 0 −r3cosθ3 0
−cosθ4
4 4
= 0 0 0 r sinθ

0 −sinθ 4 −1 0 −r 4cosθ 4
−
0 0 0 1 1
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 “Take that down ter ther man behind ther counter,” said he; “I
ain’t got time ter stop.”
Then, with spurs jingling at his heels, he raced down the stairs
three steps at a time, and dashed out of the hotel.
At the corral he found his horse ready and waiting.
“Thought ye wanted the animile in a hurry?” remarked Nickerson.
“He’s been standin’ thar fer the better part o’ two hours.”
“I was delayed gittin’ hyar,” answered Nomad, leaping into the
saddle. “See how quick ye kin tell me ther way ter ther Three-ply
Mine, Nickerson.”
Nickerson used up a dozen words, and when he had done, the old
trapper dug in with the irons and shot through the corral-gate.
 C H A P T E R V.
L I T T L E C A Y U S E O N T H E W A R - P AT H .

The Piute boy had an easy time of it, compared with the
strenuous experience fate had marked out for old Nomad.
Bernritter did not linger long in the hotel. When he came out he
made directly for the corral, to which Jacobs was later followed by
the trapper.
Little Cayuse, shadowing along on the super’s trail, knew at once
that the man he was watching must have gone to the corral for his
horse.
The boy, therefore, made rapidly for Nickerson’s, and got his bridle
and riding-blanket on his pinto cayuse.
“Take um Black Cañon trail to Three-ply Mine?” he queried, of one
of Nickerson’s men.
“Thet’s ther way ye go, ef ye go direct,” answered the man.
Little Cayuse galloped to the Five Points, and then along the dusty
thoroughfare known as Grand Avenue. His sharp eyes were always
straight ahead, keenly scrutinizing the road for some sign of
Bernritter.
The boy was several miles down the Black Cañon trail before he
glimpsed the man he was looking for. Although Cayuse could see
only Bernritter’s back, yet the form of the man, and the clothes he
wore, were indelibly impressed upon the little Indian’s mind, and he
knew he could not be mistaken.
From that point he followed slowly and cautiously, keeping his
distance and hugging the trail-side, and the cottonwood-trees.
 Yet Bernritter did not seem to have the least idea he was being
followed. Not once, so far as Cayuse could discover, did he look
back.
Quite probably Bernritter was deep in his nefarious plans for the
next day, and had no time to watch his back trail. Be that as it
might, Cayuse found the trailing easy; and it grew easier when the
sun went down and the evening shadows began to lengthen.
At sunset Bernritter had crossed the Arizona canal, eighteen miles
out of Phœnix. From there on the trail led across several miles of flat
desert, and directly into the scarred and cactus-covered hills.
The twilight favored the boy while crossing the level ground, and
when they drew into the hill valleys he needed no favoring of any
sort.
The Indian instinct, born in him, made him as wary as a fox, and
as quick and certain in his movements as a wildcat.
Cutting pieces from his riding-blanket, he tied them about his
pinto’s hoofs, thus muffling the noise of his own travel, and bringing
out distinctly the ringing fall of the hoofs ahead.
His trailing, through the gloomy gullies, was almost entirely by ear
alone. Whether Bernritter was galloping, or trotting, or walking he
knew at any moment, and he kept a distance that gave the hoof-
beats in the lead the same volume of sound.
Suddenly he heard the hoof-strokes come to a halt. On the instant
Little Cayuse drew rein and backed silently into a cranny of the hills.
Was Bernritter coming back to see whether he was being
followed?
He did not show himself, however; nor did the hoofs of his horse
resume their clatter.
Cayuse dismounted and slipped forward along the gully to
investigate.
 Before he had gone far he heard voices, one voice Bernritter’s,
and the other unmistakably that of an Indian.
The Piute had no love for the Apaches, and a thrill shot through
him as he realized that this redskin with whom the superintendent
was talking must be one of the hated people.
Then Cayuse had another thought: Why was Bernritter talking
with an Apache—holding with him a pow-wow that had already
lasted several minutes?
Little Cayuse crawled closer, slipping through the loose stones like
a snake.
When he paused again, he was as near the two men as he dared
to go. One was an Apache, and the boy was not slow to realize that
his danger was greater than if he had been lying in the vicinity of
two white men.
From his last position Cayuse was able to see the dark form of the
horse, and the upright figures of the men. While he watched,
Bernritter turned to his horse and thrust his foot into the stirrup.
“You sabe, eh?” Cayuse heard Bernritter ask the Apache. “Round
up the warriors and wait for word from Bascomb. You’ll hear from
him in two, three hour, mebbyso.”
“Me sabe,” grunted the Indian.
Bernritter, without speaking further, rode on up the gully. The
Apache, whisking up the gully-bank like an antelope, vanished over
the rim.
Little Cayuse returned to his waiting pinto, kicked the pony with
his heels, and rode on after Bernritter.
When he caught the tinkling sound of the hoofs ahead, he slowed
his pace with a grunt of satisfaction.
Then, from the beaded medicine-pouch that swung from his belt,
he took some yellow pigment, dabbed one of his fingers into it, and
ran a wavering line up and down either side of his face.
 This was Cayuse’s war-paint. He put it on, now that he knew he
was to take the war-path against foes of his own color.
White men like Bernritter and Jacobs were not worth the trouble
of dipping into his medicine-bag. Besides, Cayuse’s grievance against
them was not yet well defined.
Pa-e-has-ka had set him on Bernritter’s trail, but that was all.
Recent developments had given a fresh twist to the course of
events. Who was Bascomb? And why was the Apache to round up
more warriors?
Little Cayuse did not like the prospect.
As he followed along after Bernritter, he became suddenly aware
that the hoofs in the lead were being drowned out by a steadily
increasing roar.
The mill-stamps! Ah! At last they were coming close to the Three-
ply Mine.
The gully the two were following suddenly opened out into a wide
valley.
At the entrance to the valley Cayuse drew rein; then, dismounting,
he sat down on a boulder and watched Bernritter ride down into the
camp and lose himself among the twinkling lights in mill, bunk-
house, and chuck-shanty.
For a long time the boy sat there, watching the trailing plume of
smoke from the mill, and listening to the clamor of the stamps.
Suddenly he was startled. Another horseman galloped past him.
Cayuse and his pinto were a little to one side of the trail, and
somewhat in the shadow. Fortunately they had not been seen.
The man was Jacobs. In spite of the darkness, the boy
instinctively recognized the galloping horseman.
If the man was Jacobs, then Nomad must be somewhere near.
Eagerly the Piute waited, straining his eyes back along the gully.
 But no Nomad appeared. Had Wolf-killer lost the trail? It was not
like him to do that, for Wolf-killer could follow a trail like an Indian.
Mounting his pinto, Little Cayuse retraced his course through the
gully.
When he had reached a place where the drumming of the stamps
sounded low in his ears, the echoes were taken up by more hoof-
beats. Cayuse drew aside, and McGowan, owner of the mine, swung
past.
The boy had thought, at first, that it might be Nomad and only his
native caution had kept him from giving a shout from the trail-side.
A moment later he had recognized McGowan as instinctively as he
had recognized Jacobs.
He recalled that McGowan had told Jacobs to return to the mine
with Bernritter, and both to go at once. And here Jacobs had
preceded his employer into the camp by only a few minutes!
The boy plagued himself with questions in an attempt to account
for this, and for Bernritter’s meeting and talking with the Apache.
Above these things, which mightily puzzled the Piute, was the
more important question as to what had become of old Nomad.
Still riding and hoping, Cayuse drew well away from the croon of
the stamps.
Then he heard a sound, far in the distance, that sent a chill to his
heart.
The sound was a pistol-shot!
Just the one report, and no more. Cayuse listened breathlessly,
but only deep and ominous silence followed the faint but incisive
note of the six-shooter.
The boy’s fears leaped to Nomad. He had met with treachery, of
some sort, on the trail!
 Setting the pinto to a rapid gait, the Piute rode like the wind along
the gully, the pony, with his muffled hoofs, carrying him onward like
a darting shadow.
All roads, that night, seemed to lead to the Three-ply Mine. At
least it seemed so to Little Cayuse.
And, for the young Indian, the way seemed wrapped in profound
and forbidding mystery.
As he made in the direction of the pistol-shot, he believed he had
a clue to at least part of the puzzle.
Bernritter had told the Apache to round up more warriors and wait
for Bascomb. This had been done; and Wolf-killer, galloping along
the trail after Jacobs, had fallen into a snare laid by Bascomb and
the Apaches.
This is what the boy thought, but he was soon to be undeceived.
A snare had been laid, but not for Nomad.
A few minutes of swift riding brought Little Cayuse into a zone
where a sixth sense told him of danger.
Turning from the gully into a small defile that broke through its
left-hand bank, he halted, secured the pinto to a white-thorn bush,
and carried out his further investigations on foot.
Proceeding onward along the gully, keeping in the shadow and
dodging from boulder to boulder, Cayuse presently came upon a
scene that made him congratulate himself that he had not plumped
into it full tilt on his pinto.
At the point where the scene unrolled before the boy’s eyes the
gully widened, and the starlight sifted brightly downward and
dispelled much of the gloom.
He saw two horses quite near him. They were riderless, had been
roped together, and the riata tethering them had been wrapped
about a stone.
 Beyond the horses were many Apaches; just how many the boy
could not tell, but certainly there were a dozen, at the least.
The Apaches were working over some objects lying on the ground,
and a white man was moving about among them, hurrying them
about their work with gruff oaths.
Presently the Apaches started up the eastern bank of the gully in
two groups, each group apparently carrying a burden.
What those burdens were Cayuse could guess.
Without doubt they were the men who had ridden the two horses
that now stood bound together and secured to the stone.
Up and up the steep slope toiled the Apaches, the white man
swearing and urging them on. In a little while the whole villainous
crew disappeared over the top of the gully-bank, each group still
carrying its helpless burden.
Cayuse ran to the horses. He felt them over with his hands; felt of
their legs, their heads, and, lastly, groped his fingers over the
saddles.
One horse he could not recognize, either by sight or touch. The
other, unless his reasoning deceived him, belonged to Pa-e-has-ka!
Pa-e-has-ka! The Piute caught his breath.
Was Buffalo Bill one of the prisoners just captured by the white
man and the Apaches?
It was a startling thing for Cayuse to come looking for Nomad and
find Buffalo Bill.
That was not a time for useless thought, however, but for action.
Hurrying to the eastern wall of the gully, Cayuse climbed the
slope. Its top gave him an outlook over a small, flat plain, stretching
eastward and lying distinctly under the starlight.
The Indians and the white man were carrying their prisoners
across the level ground toward a little hill of stones. A black opening
yawned in the top of the stone hill, and Cayuse knew it to be an old,
and probably abandoned, mine.
The boy dared not go farther, and he knelt where he was and
continued to watch. Owing to the distance, he could trace the
movements of the white man and the Apaches but indistinctly; yet
he saw enough to convince him that the two prisoners were being
lowered down into the old mine.
The white man and his red helpers clambered up the ore-dump,
hovered together there for several minutes, all busily engaged, and
then came back down the ragged little hill. And on their return
Cayuse could see that they were carrying no one.
Facing about, the boy scrambled back into the gully, untied the
riata that tethered the two horses to the stone, jumped into the
saddle of Buffalo Bill’s mount, and galloped toward the place where
he had left his pinto, with the other of the two horses in tow.
This move was characteristic of Little Cayuse. The white man and
the Apaches were Buffalo Bill’s enemies, and Cayuse considered
them his. It is always the proper thing to get away from an enemy
everything you can. On this principle, partly, Cayuse was taking the
horses. Then, again, he was looking forward to the time when
Buffalo Bill and the man with him should be taken out of the old
mine and need their mounts.
On reaching the defile where he had left his pinto, Cayuse pulled
the pinto’s thong from the thorn-bush, changed his seat to the
pony’s back, and raced up the defile, leading the animals picked up
in the gully.
The boy was now in his element. He understood very well that the
white man and the Apaches would miss the horses, and would
imagine that they had broken away. Search would be made for the
missing animals, but Cayuse would make it his business to see that
the search was not successful.
If the Apaches caught him, Cayuse knew that a bullet or a knife
would settle his earthly account.
 But the Piute was not intending to let himself be caught. He was
an Indian no less than the Apaches, and fully as able to take care of
himself.
The defile the boy was following led out onto the flat desert.
Leading his horses, he circled to the south over the plain, found a
place where he could descend into the gully, and was just crossing
to the western wall, when a rider spurred out from behind a pile of
rocks and laid his horse lengthwise across his path.
A revolver gleamed feebly in the starlight, leveled straight at the
Piute’s breast.
“Ugh!” grunted Little Cayuse.
“Waugh, ye pizen varmint!” growled a voice. “Whar ye goin’ with
them cabyos?”
“Wolf-killer!” muttered Little Cayuse.
“Snarlin’ hyeners ef et ain’t Cayuse? Waal, blazes ter blazes an’ all
hands round! Say, I thort ye was told ter foller Bernritter?”
“All same,” answered Cayuse. “You no follow Jacobs, huh?”
“I’m follerin’ him now. But look hyar, son, what ye doin’ with them
two hosses? One of ’em looks like Buffler’s, blamed ef et don’t.”
“Wuh! All same Pa-e-has-ka. We no stay here. Heap Apache right
ahead. Cayuse steal um cayuses from Apaches.”
“What’s thet ye’re tellin’? Apaches loose in this part o’ ther range?
I reckons, Cayuse, ye must be shy a few, ain’t ye?”
Nomad was himself keeping a sharp lookout for redskins. In fact,
when he saw Little Cayuse coming over the eastern wall of the gully
with the two led horses, he had felt sure that he was one of
Bascomb’s Apaches, and had screened himself behind the rock-pile.
The question he had put to the boy was for the purpose of making
certain the Piute had made no mistake.
“Heap Apache,” insisted Cayuse; “one white man.”
 “Jumpin’ tarantelers!” breathed the trapper, “I was gittin’ warmer’n
I thort. Ye’ve got Buffler’s hoss, an’ ther baron’s. Aire ye meanin’ ter
tell me thet Buffler an’ ther baron hev been captered?”
“Wuh! Me see um take Pa-e-has-ka and Dutch brave and put um
in old mine.”
“Ole mine? What ole mine?”
“Him little way from here; not far. We get out of gully, so Apaches
no find us when they come looking for horses. Sabe? ”
“I’m savvyin’ like er house afire. But tell me fust off ef Buffler was
hurt?”
“No can tell, Wolf-killer. Him carried to old mine; and Dutch brave,
him carried to old mine, too.”
“Ain’t this er piece o’ thunderin’ mean luck for ye?” grumbled the
old trapper. “Thar was me, knowin’ all erbout this hyar trap in ther
hills, layin’ in ther closet o’ thet hotel like er trapped rat, an’ not able
ter do er thing ter keep Buffler from runnin’ inter thet ambush.
Things sartinly does turn out all-fired queer sometimes.”
While the old man was spluttering, he and Cayuse were climbing
up the steep slope, each with one of the led horses.
They reached the top, went a little way down on the other side,
and then dismounted to watch for some sign of the Apaches.
But no Apaches showed themselves.
While they were waiting, Cayuse told of his trailing, of the way
Jacobs and McGowan had passed him, of his search for Nomad, of
his hearing the pistol-shot, discovering the two horses, and watching
the white man and the Indians carry Buffalo Bill and the baron to the
old mine. He finished with an account of how he had taken the two
animals and rode off with them.
Cayuse never wasted words. His recital was terse yet graphic, and
Nomad listened with profound admiration for the little Piute’s pluck
and resourcefulness.
 “Ye’ve done well, Cayuse,” said Nomad, when the boy had
finished. “From what ye say, Buffler an’ Schnitz aire in some ole
mine-shaft whar this hyar Bascomb fixes ter keep ’em pris’ners all
durin’ ter-morrer. But you an’ me’ll fool Bascomb an’ his reds,
Cayuse. Jest as soon as we’re shore the Apaches hev given up
lookin’ fer the missin’ cabyos, we’ll make headway to’rds thet ole
mine an’ snake Buffler an’ ther baron out o’ et quick.”
“Wuh!” said Little Cayuse.
For half an hour longer they watched the gully, and as the
Apaches failed to appear, they reasoned that the redskins had given
up the horses and had gone away about their own business,
whatever that might be.
“I reckon we kin hike out now, Cayuse,” said Nomad, “an’ feel
purty safe about Bascomb an’ his Injuns. Straddle yer pinto, boy, an’
lead ther way ter this hyar ole mine. Ye don’t reckon any o’
Bascomb’s reds aire watchin’ et, do ye?”
“All come away,” answered Cayuse. “Me see um.”
“Kerect. Mount an’ ride, Cayuse, an’ we’ll soon put Pard Buffler
inter ther game ag’in.”
 CHAPTER VI.
T H E O L D S H A F T.

The Black Cañon trail, up to the point where the road to Castle
Creek Cañon broke away from it, was familiar ground to the king of
scouts. He and Nomad had had some exciting experiences in this
part of the country—experiences which impress land-marks and
topography indelibly upon a man’s mind.
Therefore, although the scout and the baron traversed the Three-
ply road during the earlier half of the night, the scout’s knowledge,
added to that acquired by the baron, was sufficient to keep them on
the right course.
As the scout had stated, it was his intention to camp out
somewhere in the vicinity of the Three-ply Mine, prosecuting his
work of apprehending the bullion thieves, unknown even to
McGowan.
The Black Cañon trail was to be followed until they were hard
upon the Three-ply camp; then they would break from it and
establish themselves in some favorable locality where water could be
had, and where they would yet be in touch with the mine.
As to what he intended to do, the scout’s plans were rather vague,
but he was hoping for good results from the work of Nomad and
Cayuse.
If the trapper and the little Piute trailed Bernritter and Jacobs
according to instructions, they would sooner or later arrive at the
Three-ply camp. When they arrived there, the scout felt sure he
would have little difficulty in getting into communication with them.
Undoubtedly Nomad and Cayuse would themselves be hunting
quarters among the neighboring hills, as it was part of their
instructions to keep their surveillance of the super and the cyanid
expert a secret.
Completely oblivious of the Apaches, gathered under the
leadership of Bascomb, Buffalo Bill and the baron dropped easily into
the trap they had spread.
The blow was struck swiftly, suddenly, and effectively. Not a sound
heralded it.
From each side of the gully half a dozen noosed riatas leaped out
from the rocks.
The scout and the baron saw the flying nooses. One or two might
have been dodged, but there was no getting away from twelve of
them.
Buffalo Bill had barely time to jerk a revolver clear and fire in the
direction of the rocks at the gully-side. The next moment he was
roped and dragged bodily out of the saddle.
The noose had slipped part way down his body before it
tightened, and when it closed on him it pinned his arms to his sides
and rendered him helpless.
He struggled to the best of his ability, but a swarm of redskins
dropped down on him and fairly smothered him by force of numbers.
Among the red faces bending over him he saw a white one. While
the Apaches held him, the white man laid a handkerchief over the
scout’s face.
The handkerchief was saturated with chloroform, and it was
impossible for the scout to get away from the sense-destroying
fumes of the drug.
Unconsciousness followed; and when the period of lethargy was
finally broken, the scout sat up and stared about him into pitch-black
night.
The drug, in clearing out of his faculties, had left a nausea in his
stomach. From somewhere in the darkness the baron was groaning
in the depths of a similar misery.
“Baron!” called the scout.
“Puffalo Pill!” gulped the baron. “Gootness me! I t’ought meppy
you vas deadt. I peen pooty near deadt meinseluf. Ach, vat a trouple
in mein inside. Ach! I hope dot I don’d haf to live mooch longer und
suffer like vat I am.”
“Nonsense, baron! You were drugged, just as I was. You’ll feel
better when you get over the effects.”
“Vell, meppy. I vish Frieda vas here to do somet’ing for me.”
“Don’t waste any time thinking of Frieda. We have other things to
command our attention. Are you tied?”
“No, I don’d vas tied.”
“Neither am I: That’s something, at all events. Strange those
scoundrels left us the use of our hands. I can’t understand what
they mean by making such a play as this.”
“Id vas mighdy sutten.”
“Sudden! It came like lightning out of a clear sky.”
“Who dit id?”
“Apaches; but there was one white man among them.”
“Vy dit dey dit id?” groaned the baron.
“Give it up,” answered the scout. “It must be that this has
something to do with those bullion robberies at the Three-ply.”
“Vell, meppy. I can’t undershtand nodding aboudt id, only I haf
sooch a sickness. Ach, ach! Oof I don’d ged vell, id vill be some
hardt plows for Frieda, I bed you.”
Rising dizzily to his feet, the scout began groping about him. He
touched a steep, jagged wall on every side save one. He looked up
and saw a circular patch of sky, glimmering with stars; then the truth
dawned upon him.
 “We’re in an old mine, baron,” he announced.
“Yah? Iss dere any vay to ged oudt?”
The scout’s distress was rapidly passing. With every minute he
was getting better, and feeling more like himself.
His belt and guns had been taken from him, and his money and
watch were missing from his pockets; but his matches had been left,
and he was able to make a brief survey of the shaft.
As nearly as he could judge, it was some thirty feet from the
bottom of the shaft to the top. The walls were straight up and down,
so that scaling them without a rope, or ladders, was an impossibility.
Oft at one side of the shaft a level had been run. The baron was
sitting in front of the black opening, and the scout peered over his
head into the dark.
“It’s an abandoned mine, all right,” averred the scout.
“I vish dot ve couldt apandon id,” said the baron. “I mighdt schust
as vell be in chail as in a blace like dis. Und id vas all so sutten! Vy,
Puffalo Pill, I didn’t haf no shance to do any shooding mit my guns,
or any fighding mit my fists. Two ropes tropped ofer my headt, my
horse vent righht oudt from unter me, und dere I vas, mit Inchuns
piled t’ree deep on top. Und den dot shmell!”
“Come, come, baron,” adjured the scout, “brace up! Those
Apaches have stowed us away here for safe-keeping, but they have
left us the use of our hands and feet, and perhaps we won’t have to
stay here, after all. Pull yourself together and we’ll see where that
level will take us.”
“Meppy id vill take us oudt oof dis hole!” exclaimed the baron,
getting up.
“No such good luck as that. Those reds and that white scoundrel
must have known about this place before they dropped us into it.
I’m obliged to them for not doing us any injury. No matter what
happens to you in this life, baron, there’s always something to be
thankful for.”
It was an odd adventure. In all the scout’s experience with
Indians, he had never before known them to fall back on a drug
when they wished to put an enemy “out of the running.” More than
likely it was their white leader who had furnished the drug, however,
and had planned to use it.
“Vell,” said the baron, “I t’ink ve can feel t’ankful dot ve’re alife,
even oof ve don’d got no guns left, und no vay oof gedding oudt oof
dis hole. Meppy, Puffalo Pill, dose fellers vas going to leaf us down
here undil ve shtarve to deat’!”
“Starve to death!” scoffed the scout. “We’ll not do that while
there’s no more than thirty feet of shaft keeping us from the surface
of the ground. There’s a way to get out of here, and we’ll find it.
How are you feeling now?”
“Pedder. Der pain ain’d so pad like id vas. I t’ink I vill live long
enough to shtarve to deat’, anyvay.”
“Come on after me,” said the scout, “and let’s see what we can
make out of the level.”
He entered the darkness of the drift, scratching matches as he
proceeded. Twenty feet measured the length of the level, and the
scout brought up short against a wall of virgin rock.
“Nothing much here, baron,” said he. “The men who located this
property drifted twenty feet off the shaft to find the lead. They didn’t
find it, and so gave up.”
“I haf found somet’ing,” said the baron. “Look here, vonce.”
The scout retraced his way a few feet to where the baron was
standing. On the floor of the level, directly in front of the baron, was
something that looked like a pile of silver balls. Each ball was about
the size of a man’s fist, and there must have been more than a
hundred of them.
 The scout picked up one of the balls, examined it a moment, and
then dropped it in amazement.
“Vat’s der madder, Puffalo Pill?” queried the baron, in some
excitement. “Meppy dis iss a silfer-mine, hey?”
The match flickered out in the scout’s fingers, and the baron heard
a low laugh.
“Vat for you laugh like dot?” demanded the baron. “Meppy ve can
take dot silfer avay, und sell him und make some money. Oof dere
iss money enough for me to ged marrit on, all vat habbened mit me
I vill call a goot t’ing. Dose Inchuns dropped us indo a silfer-mine;
und der choke’s on dem, hey?”
“Baron,” said the scout, “this isn’t a silver-mine.”
“Ain’d dose palls silfer?”
“No, they’re gold.”
“Goldt? Himmelplitzen! I t’ought goldt vas yellow. Dose palls are
vite.”
“They’re gold, nevertheless, baron,” said the scout; “yellow gold
covered with quicksilver. That is a pile of amalgam—gold and
quicksilver as it comes from the plates of a stamp-mill.”
“Py chimineddy! Iss dot some oof McGowan’s lost goldt, Puffalo
Pill?”
“I’ll bet my pile it is. Those redskins have dropped us into the
place where the bullion thieves have been caching their loot.”
“Und id don’d pelong to us, but to McGowan!”
“It’s McGowan’s gold, all right, baron.” Once more a laugh broke
from the scout’s lips. “We’d never have found it if that white villain
and those Apaches hadn’t——”
A whistle echoed down the shaft and drifted in along the level to
where the scout and the baron were standing, near the pile of
amalgam.
 “Vat id iss?” whispered the baron, taking a tense grip on the
scout’s arm. “Meppy der Inchuns haf gome pack to put us oudt oof
der vay.”
But the baron was wrong in this conclusion. While he and the
scout stood there, trying to puzzle out the cause of that whistle, a
voice came to their ears.
“Buffler! Aire ye thar, ole pard?”
“Nomad!” cried the scout, starting for the shaft.
“Py shinks oof id ain’d!” added the baron, with a whoop of joy.
“Thet’s yerself, is et, Buffler?” called the old trapper, from the top
of the shaft.
“Sure, Nick,” replied the scout, looking upward to where two
heads were framed darkly against the background of sky. “Who’s
that with you?”
“Cayuse.”
“Great Scott! I can’t understand this at all.”
“Jest wait till we git ye out o’ thar an’ we’ll spring a shore enough
surprise-party on ye. Aire ye all right?”
“As well as ever.”
“An’ Schnitz—hes he got any bones broke?”
“Nod dot I know anyt’ing aboudt,” the baron answered for himself.
“Hooray! I was thinkin’ mebbyso ther reds had damaged ye some
when they sprang their leetle trap. I’m goin’ ter throw down the end
of er rope. Lay holt o’ et, you two, an’ we’ll snake ye out with one o’
ther hosses.”
The scout and the baron stepped back into the drift until the end
of the rope had come swishing down; then they went out and laid
firm hold of it.
“All ready, Nick!” shouted Buffalo Bill.
 “Gee-haw with thet pesky cabyo, Cayuse,” called Nomad to the
Piute boy; “git him a-goin’, son, an’ stop ther minit I sing out.”
The rope tightened, then straightened out under the weight of the
scout and the baron. Up and up they went at a smart clip until they
reached the mouth of the shaft. At a quick command from the
trapper, Cayuse stopped the horse; then Buffalo Bill and the baron
climbed out on top of the old ore-dump.
“Howlin’ painters,” jubilated Nomad, grabbing his pard’s hand, “but
et’s good ter see ye, Buffler, an’ ter know ye pulled out o’ thet trap
without so much as moultin’ er feather.”
“Weren’t there any Apaches on guard around here?” inquired the
scout, sitting down on the rocks.
“Nary. I reckon ther reds thort they had ye bottled up fer keeps
down thar, an’ thet thar wasn’t no way fer ye ter git out without
help. ’Course,” laughed Nomad, “they didn’t opine noways thet ye
was goin’ ter git help.”
“I can’t understand that play of theirs at all. They snagged the
baron and me with riatas, dumped us out of our saddles, drugged
us, and then lowered us into that old shaft. If they had wanted to
put us out of the way, why didn’t they use their guns, or their
knives? It isn’t like a pack of reds to go to all that extra trouble.”
“Thar was a white man with ’em, wasn’t thar?”
“Yes.”
“Waal, them Injuns was bein’ bossed by ther white man. All ther
pesky white varmint wanted ter do was ter hang ye up, hard an’
fast, durin’ ter-morrer.”
“Why was that?”
“They hev a mill clean-up at ther Three-ply ter-morrer, an’
Bernritter an’ Jacobs an’ them reds aire plannin’ ter git away with
more’n forty thousand in bullion.”
The scout stared at the old man in astonishment.
 “Where did you get next to all that, Nick?” he asked.
“By doin’ what ye told me ter do an’ follerin’ Jacobs.”
“This is important. Give me the whole of it.”
The trapper went into details, leaving out nothing that had the
slightest bearing on the peculiar situation.
Little Cayuse likewise added his testimony, explaining how he had
discovered that the scout and the baron had been lowered into the
old shaft.
“So far,” applauded the scout, “this little drama has been a two-
star performance, with Nomad and Cayuse occupying the center of
the stage. Nick, you and Cayuse have done mighty well. By acting
on this information you two have collected, we’ll be able to run out
this trail of McGowan’s in short order.
“Bascomb and the redskins, unless I misread the signs are going
to storm the Three-ply camp to-morrow, after the amalgam has
been scraped off the mill-plates, and make ’way with it.
“I have suspected Bernritter and Jacobs ever since I saw them in
the sheriff’s office. What do you think of them for a pair of
contemptible, scheming scoundrels? McGowan has all the confidence
in the world in Bernritter, and the super has taken advantage of that
confidence to rob his employer systematically.
“I know, now, just as well as I know I am sitting here, that those
rascals contrived to put that bar into the baron’s saddle-bag, solely
for the purpose of bringing our Dutch pard under suspicion and
sidetracking McGowan’s distrust until the mill clean-up could be
stolen and rushed away.
“We’ll nip this pretty plot in the bud, but we shall have to go about
it carefully. Bascomb and his Indians think the baron and I are holed
up in that shaft. We’ll let them continue to think so, and will so mask
our movements that they will not know we’re at large until we show
ourselves to frustrate their designs on the Three-ply gold. Give me a
saddle-blanket, one of you fellows.”
 Nomad was puzzled by this request, but he immediately loosened
his saddle-cinches and drew out the blanket. Then the scout
dropped the riata into the shaft once more and let himself down.
He was down a short time, when he called out to be drawn to the
surface again.
He came up with the saddle-blanket secured at the corners, and a
heavy weight in it.
“What ye got thar, Buffler?” asked the curious trapper.
“About thirty pounds of amalgam, at a rough guess,” was the
answer.
“Amalgam!” cried the startled Nomad.
Then the scout explained, and when the truth dawned on the
trapper he chuckled mightily.
“Et wasn’t er good thing for them varmints ter put ye down thar
with thet Three-ply loot,” said he. “Didn’t ther ijuts know better, er
was they jest takin’ er chance ye wouldn’t find et?”
“They were taking the chance that we couldn’t get out if we did
find it,” answered the scout, “and it was Little Cayuse’s work that
enabled us to fool them. The baron and I will stow the stuff in our
war-bags, and then we’ll ride.”
“Whar’ll we ride ter, Buffler?”
“To some place near the Three-ply camp.”
The amalgam was quickly stowed in the war-bags, Nomad
replaced his saddle-blanket, and the little party mounted.
Cayuse and Nomad took the lead to the gully. This was followed
almost to the point where it entered the valley, and there the
horsemen spurred out of it, crossed two or three low hills, and
rounded up in a small arroyo. During the entire journey from the old
shaft nothing had been seen of Bascomb or any of his Indians.
“Whar d’ye reckon ther reds aire, Buffler?” asked Nomad.
 “They are probably lying low and waiting for their work to-
morrow,” was the reply.
The scout turned to the baron.
“Where does McGowan sleep, baron?” he inquired.
“In a leedle room off der office,” answered the baron.
“Where do Bernritter and Jacobs sleep?”
“Pernritter shleeps by der bunk-house, und Chacops shleeps in der
laporadory glose to der cyanit-danks.”
“Good. Cayuse, you and the baron come up this hill with me.
Nomad, keep your eye on the horses.”
The scout, followed by the Dutchman and the little Piute, gained
the crest of the hill. The camp lay below them, with all lights
extinguished save those in the mill. The stamps were still pounding
away, powdering ore and releasing gold which Bernritter, Jacobs,
and their gang were planning to get away with on the following day.
“Where’s the office, baron?” went on the scout. “Point it out to
me.”
“Dere,” said the baron, stretching out his hand. “Id iss dot leedle
puilding oop der site oof der hill.”
The office, being of whitewashed adobe, stood out plainly against
the dark slope of the hill.
“You see it, Cayuse?” asked the scout.
“Wuh!” said the boy.
“I want you to go down there, Cayuse, and wake up McGowan. Do
this quietly, so that no one in the camp finds out about it. Tell
McGowan that Buffalo Bill wants to see him at once. Then bring him
here.”
“Wuh.”
 Without waiting for further words, Little Cayuse slipped down the
descent, while the scout and the baron turned back to the place
where Nomad was watching the horses.
“Vell,” remarked the baron, “I couldt haf done dot schust so vell as
Cayuse.”
“I’m afraid not, baron. You would probably have had to stop and
say how do you do to Frieda. Until we take care of these bullion
thieves you must forget all about the girl.”
“I can’t do dot. She iss a leedle sunpeam, I tell you for sure. Dere
iss only vone girl in dis vorldt for me, und dot’s Frieda. Somedime,
pefore long, meppy, Frieda vill be Frau von Schnitzenhauser. Ach, vat
a habbiness!”
“Waugh!” grunted Nomad. “Ther baron hes been chewin’ loco-
weed. Wimmen gits ombrays inter trouble, an’ ef et hadn’t been fer
thet thar Frieda ther baron wouldn’t hev rode away from ther Three-
ply with thet bar o’ cyanid bullion.”
“I don’d care aboudt dot,” averred the baron stoutly. “Frieda is
vort’ anyt’ing vat habbens to me.”
 CHAPTER VII.
LAY I N G P LA N S.

Little Cayuse was entirely successful in his errand to the Three-ply

camp. It was not long before he returned to the scout, bringing
McGowan with him.
“Faith,” said McGowan, sizing up the scout and his pards in the
faint light, “I wasn’t expecting this.”
“I told you,” laughed the scout, “that you would probably hear
from us when you least expected to.”
“You were right in that, Buffalo Bill. But why don’t you and your
pards come down to the camp? I can make you comfortable there,
and——”
“It won’t do,” interrupted the scout. “We don’t want any of your
men to know that we’re anywhere near the camp.”
“Why is that?”
“Because the bullion thieves are planning to get away with your
clean-up to-morrow, and we can back-cap them to better advantage
if they don’t know we’re anywhere around.”
“What!” gasped McGowan. “You must be mistaken, Buffalo Bill.”
“You’re going to have a mill clean-up to-morrow, aren’t you,
McGowan?”
“Yes. As soon as the night-shift knocks off work in the mill we’ll
hang up the stamps and the day-shift will begin the clean-up.”
“How long will it take?”
“By two o’clock the amalgam ought to be ready for retorting, but
it will probably be day after to-morrow before Jacobs gets the bullion
refined and run into bars.”
“What do you do with the amalgam?”
“It is kept in the mill until it is ready for Jacobs; then it is taken
over to the laboratory by the tanks and Jacobs gets to work on it.”
“It will be taken to the laboratory about two o’clock?”
“Yes.”
“Who’s with Jacobs while he’s refining and running out the
bullion?”
“I am, usually, and so is Bernritter.”
“You will be with him to-morrow?”
“Yes.”
“Armed?”
“Of course. But why all this questioning?”
“I want to collect information for our work to-morrow, that’s all.
Shortly after two o’clock, McGowan, you may look for an attack on
the laboratory.”
McGowan started.
“An attack? From whom?”
“From a gang of stray Apaches led by a white scoundrel named
Bascomb; and from Bernritter and Jacobs.”
“An attack from Bernritter? You’re wide of your trail, Cody.
Bernritter is loyalty itself. There’s not a dishonest hair in Bernritter’s
head.”
“You’re mistaken. Bernritter is a contemptible scoundrel.”
“I’ll not believe it.”
“He’ll prove it to you. Do as I say and you’ll see him caught red-
handed to-morrow.”
 McGowan seemed dazed. For a moment he was silent.
“Then Indians are mixed up in this?” he asked finally.
“Yes. There are a dozen or more of them. They intend to swoop
down on the Three-ply to-morrow afternoon, steal the amalgam
from that clean-up, stand off any of your miners and millmen who
show fight, and escape into Mexico.”
“I’m willing to take your word about the intended robbery, but I
can’t think that Bernritter has anything to do with it. Why, man, that
fellow has worked for me five years. He’s—he’s engaged to marry
my daughter, Annie, who is away visiting in ’Frisco. I can’t think he’d
do me dirt like that!”
“It’s hard, I know,” said the scout, in a kindly tone, “to have your
confidence betrayed by a man like Bernritter. Still, the facts are
sometimes brutal, McGowan. It is far and away better for you to find
out what sort of a fellow Bernritter is now than after his marriage to
your daughter.”
McGowan, greatly shaken, bowed his head thoughtfully.
“The night is wearing to a close,” went on the scout briskly, “and
we must have our plans all laid before morning. How many men
have you in the camp on whom you can absolutely rely?”
“I thought I could rely on all of them,” was the slow answer, “with
the possible exception of Jacobs. The cyanid expert has only been
here for a few months, and I never liked him. He’s a good workman,
however, and I’ve kept him solely for that reason.”
“How many men are on the night-shift in the mine?”
“Eleven.”
“They will be in the bunk-house to-morrow afternoon?”
“Yes.”
“How many are on the day-shift in the mill?”
 “A batteryman, two amalgamators, and an engineer. The engineer
and the batteryman will help the amalgamators make the clean-up,
since the fires will be banked and the stamps hung up.”
“Then there will be four in the mill?”
“Yes.”
“How many Mexicans are working about the cyanid-tanks?”
“Six. Their foreman is a white man, Andy O’Connell—as game and
honest a man as ever walked.”
“Can you depend on all the men who are to be in the bunk-house,
in the mill, and around the tanks to-morrow afternoon?”
“I don’t know about the Mexicans, but I can bank on the rest.”
“Then here is what you must do: Contrive in some way to have
the men in the bunk-house and in the mill armed with six-shooters.
Arm O’Connell, too, but don’t arm the Mexicans. Do this at noon,
and don’t let either Bernritter or Jacobs know that you do it.”
“That will take a lot of guns, Buffalo Bill, and I haven’t so many.
Most of the men, however, have weapons of their own.”
“If you can’t arm all of them with guns, arm them with iron drills,
axes, picks—anything that comes handiest. My Dutch pard and I
would also like a six-shooter apiece—we had the misfortune to be
stripped of our own hardware. Is there any place, near the
laboratory and the cyanid-tanks, where you could hide Nomad and
the baron and me?”
“There’s an old powder-house at the rear of the laboratory,” said
McGowan. “It isn’t used for storing high-explosives any more, and
you might hang out in there.”
“At noon,” proceeded the scout, “when you arm your men tell your
mill-engineer to keep a lookout in the direction of the cyanid-tanks.
The moment he sees a man there waving a handkerchief, tell him to
blow the whistle as long as he can. That will be the signal for your
men to get busy. I presume there will be steam enough in the boiler
for that?”
“Yes. The mill starts up again when the night-shift goes on. I’ll tell
the engineer. Nevertheless, this may be a case of all cry and no
wool, Buffalo Bill.”
“I hope it will prove to be, but I am positive it will not. Will you
carry out instructions, McGowan?”
“Certainly! I’d be a fool if I didn’t. I can’t afford to lose forty
thousand dollars’ worth of bullion. But you’re wrong about
Bernritter.”
“Why, Bernritter has been stealing you blind for the last two
weeks!”
“Can you prove that?”
“I wouldn’t make such an assertion if I couldn’t prove it. Didn’t
you tell me that you and Bernritter have been in the mill almost
every night since you have been missing gold?”
“Yes.”
“And that you watched the body of the mill while Bernritter kept
behind the battery-boxes?”
“That was the way of it.”
“Nomad,” said the scout, “dump those war-bags here, in front of
McGowan.”
The war-bags were brought and emptied of their contents.
“Amalgam!” cried McGowan, starting back with one of the silver
balls in his hand.
“Exactly,” returned the scout; “amalgam taken from the Three-ply
Mine. It was stored in an abandoned shaft, not far from here and
close to the Black Cañon trail.”
“But—but how was it taken?” gulped McGowan.
 The scout took from under his coat two sets of copper wires. From
each set of wires dangled flat pieces of copper.
“You see these contrivances?” the scout asked, striking a match to
afford McGowan a better view of the wires and the dangling pieces
of copper. “Bernritter strung those in the battery-boxes, and the
copper pieces captured all your best gold before it ever reached the
mill-plates. At the proper time the wires were removed from the
boxes, replaced with others, and the amalgam cleaned from the
copper pieces at Bernritter’s leisure, or at Jacobs’. The stolen
amalgam was then conveyed to that old shaft and stored away until
it could be marketed. I found those wires,” the scout added, “under
the pile of amalgam balls, in the deserted shaft.”
McGowan was thunderstruck at the case made out by Buffalo Bill.
Then, as he realized how audaciously he had been robbed, his anger
began to mount.
“By thunder,” he cried, smiting his hands fiercely together, “I’ll
have the scalps of the men who did this, no matter who they are!
Buffalo Bill, you have done great work! In one night you have
unraveled a mystery that has bothered the life out of me for two
weeks. I’ll remember you for this.”
“You’ll have to thank my two pards, Nick Nomad and Little
Cayuse,” said the scout, “for what has been accomplished. They
have done the bulk of the work so far. But,” he broke off abruptly,
pointing to the glimmer of dawn in the east, “morning is coming,
and Nomad, the baron, and I must get into that powder-house.
Cayuse,” and the scout turned to the boy, “you will take charge of
the horses. We can’t take them into the camp, for Bernritter or
Jacobs would see them, and suspect something. Keep them out here
in the hills. We’ll help you carry the amalgam to the camp,
McGowan,” he finished, facing the mine-owner, “and when you get it
there, see that you stow it away where Bernritter won’t see it.”
The amalgam was put back into the war-bags. The scout took one
sack of rations from his horse, told Cayuse to use the other sack for
himself, and then the scout, Nomad, and the baron climbed the hill
with McGowan and descended into the still quiet camp.
Buffalo Bill’s plans had been cleverly laid. If nothing went wrong
with them, there would be hot times at the Three-ply during the day
to come.
 CHAPTER VIII.
T H E AT TA C K .

The powder-house backed up against the rear wall of the

laboratory. It was small, constructed of stone, and was considerably
dilapidated through disuse. In earlier days it had answered very well
as a storing-place for high-explosives, but that was when the Three-
ply Mine was young, and had not expanded to its present
dimensions. Now, owing to the mine’s growth, the old powder-house
was altogether too close to the scene of operations for safety, and
another storeroom had been built farther up the hillside.
Very quietly Buffalo Bill, Nomad, and the baron took up their
quarters in the ruinous structure, swung the battered old door into
place, and seated themselves on the pounded-clay floor.
The scout and the baron had each a six-shooter, which had been
given to them by McGowan, together with a supply of cartridges.
By the time they were safely ensconced in their hiding-place, the
sun was on the rise and the camp was astir.
Peering through the chinks in the stone wall, the baron could look
at the chuck-shanty, and could see Frieda bobbing out and in while
making ready the miners’ breakfast.
“Ach, sooch a fine girl vat id iss!” he wheezed, with both hands on
his heart.
“Fergit et!” growled Nomad. “Ye’ve got somethin’ else ter think
erbout now, baron.”
“I can’t t’ink oof nodding but Frieda!”
“Ye ort ter hev said so afore we come inter camp; then we could
have left ye with Cayuse an’ ther hosses.”
 “Nod on your life, Nomat!” murmured the baron vehemently. “I
vant to blay efen mit dot Pernritter und dot Chacops, who gold-
bricked me und almost got me in chail. Oof id hadn’t peen for
Puffalo Pill I vould haf peen in der chail dis minid, und dot vould haf
fixed me for keeps mit Frieda. She vouldn’t like some fellers ven he
vas in der lock-up.”
The baron, gazing soulfully through the crack in the wall,
continued to watch for stray glimpses of Frieda.
“Thet Bernritter, Buffler,” said Nomad to the scout, “come purty
nigh hevin’ things his own way hyar. He had got McGowan’s darter
ter agree ter marry him, an’ then he went on bunkoin’ her daddy out
o’ ther funds ter live on. What er fool ther super is! Ef he’d a-played
honest, he would prob’ly hev married ther gal; an’ then, sooner er
later, he’d hev got all the old man’s money.”
“He’s an out-and-out rascal, Nick,” said the scout; “no two ways
about that. But maybe McGowan is misinformed. Perhaps Bernritter’s
suit for the girl’s hand was only a blind to give him a better ‘stand-in’
with her father. That’s the only way I can account for it.”
Suddenly the mill-whistle blew a long blast. As soon as the echoes
of the whistle died away, the roar of the stamps ceased abruptly,
and an unnatural silence pervaded the valley.
The day-shift men could be seen running out of the bunk-house
and the night-shift men, grouped about a water-trough, began
washing the grime from their faces preparatory to breakfast.
The men skylarked among themselves like a lot of schoolboys.
Once more the whistle blew, and there was a general movement
in the direction of the chuck-shanty.
“I vish,” sighed the baron, “dot I vas going in dere mit der rest.”
Half an hour later another shrill blast called the day-shift in mine
and mill to their work, and the tired men of the night-shift came out
of the chuck-shanty and made for the bunk-house. The Mexicans
proceeded to their pick-and-shovel and wheelbarrow work about the
tanks, and Jacobs could be heard moving around in the laboratory.
With Jacobs astir so close at hand conversation between those in
the old powder-house could not be indulged in.
The hours dragged slowly. The mill was the heart of the camp,
and it was strange how lifeless the place seemed while the mill was
out of commission.
Occasionally Bernritter showed himself between the mill, where
the clean-up was going forward, and the office. Once he met Jacobs
in the open, and the two exchanged words. The scout and the
trapper, peering out from their place of concealment, noticed that
both men seemed furtive and apprehensive. When they separated,
Jacobs skulked back to his laboratory like a man who was fearful of
what was to come.
The pards in the old powder-house munched their rations calmly.
They were there for “business,” and their one desire was to get the
business over as swiftly as possible.
A blast of the mill-siren told them that noon had come. Again was
there a flocking in the direction of the bunk-house, but there were
not so many men at dinner as there had been at breakfast. All the
miners and millmen on the day-shift had carried their dinners into
mine and mill with them.
As the miners on the night-shift loitered back toward the bunk-
house, McGowan, with a bundle under his arm wrapped in canvas,
followed them.
“There, Nick,” whispered the scout in the trapper’s ear, “McGowan
is going to arm the miners and tell them to be on the lookout for
trouble.”
“Wonder ef he has posted ther millmen yet?” returned Nomad.
“If he hasn’t, he will. McGowan is mad clear through. When I
showed him that stolen amalgam I expected it would swing him