SUBJECT NAME and Subject Code SHUDENT NAME ENROLLMENT NUMBER

Advance Construction Technology BHAVSAR SHUBHAMKUMAR 24014111004

[3CEM102] BHUPENDRABHAI

Submitted To. Due Date.

Prof.A.S.Patel
PG Coordinator (CEM)
Ganpat University- U.V.Patel College of Engineering
Assignment No.:-02 Name:-Prefabricated Engineering

M.TECH. CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

2024-2026
Declaration Of Originality:
I Shubhamkumar Bhavsar Declare that the assignment 2 named:-Prefabricated Engineering submitted by me is original and
solely created by me. I have not copied any portion of the work from any sources. the work is my own and I take full
responsibility of its Originality.
Signature of Student Date
Department of Engineering
U.V.Patel College of Engineering
Ganpat University - U.V.Patel College of Engineering
Kherva Mahesana,
Gujarat
Prefab Engineering
Advance Construction Technology
Prefabrication
• Definition: It is practice of assembling components of
structure in factory or other manufacturing site and Produced
transporting complete assemblies to construction site in Factories
where the structure is to/be located.
• PROCESS :- (Ex. Of a House )
• Conventional Method :-Transportation of bricks, timber,
cement, sand, steel and fine aggregate/course Transported
aggregate etc. to the site and to construct the house on to site
site from these materials.
• Prefabrication Methods :- Only the foundation are
constructed in this way while sections of ( Wall, Floor,
Roof are prefabricated with window &Door Frames
included).-Transported to the site lifted into place by Assembled
crane and bolted together. at Site
• AIMS OF PREFABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION: Prefabrication is
used to effect economy in cost. Components
manufactured under controlled conditions. The
speed of construction is increased since no
curing period is necessary. Prefabrication helps in
the use of locally available materials with required
characteristics like
• light-weight easy workability thermal insulation
on-combustibility

• MATERIALS TO BE USED
IN PREFABRICATION
SYSTEM: Concrete, Steel, Treated wood,
Aluminum, Cellular concrete, Light weight
concrete elements, Ceramic products, etc.
COMPONENTS OF PREFABCOMPONENTS OF
PREFAB CONSTRUCTION: Flooring and Roofing
Scheme, Beams, Columns, Walls, Staircase,
Lintels, Sunshade, Projections etc
PREFABRICATION SYSTEMS:
• The system of prefabricated construction depends on the extent of the use of prefab components, their
materials sizes and the technique adopted for their manufacture and use in building
VARIOUS PREFABRICATION SYSTEMSVARIOUS PREFABRICATION SYSTEMS

OPEN PREFAB SYSTEM:

This system is based on the use of the basic structural elements to form whole or part of a building. The standard prefab concrete components which can be used are:-
• Reinforced concrete channel units
• Hollow core slabs
• Hollow blocks and battens
• Precast planks and battens
• Precast joists & tiles
• Cellular concrete slabs
• Pre-stressed/reinforced concrete slabs, beams, columns.
• Precast lintels and chajjas
• Reinforced concrete waffle slabs/shells
• Room size reinforced/pre-stressed concrete panels
• Reinforced/pre-stressed concrete walling elements
• Reinforced/pre-stressed concrete truss
• CATEGORIESOF OPEN PREFAB SYSTEMS
• : There are two categories of open prefab systems independent on the extent of
prefabrication used in the construction as given below:
• PARTIAL PREFAB OPEN PARTIAL: This system basically emphasizes the use of precast roofing
and flooring components and other minor elements like and flooring components and other
minor elements like lintels, chajjas, kitchen sills in conventional building construction. The
structural system could be in the form of framework or load bearing walls.
• FULL PREFAB OPEN SYSTEM: In this system almost all the structural components are
Prefabricated. The filler walls may be of bricks or any other local material. LARGE PANEL
PREFAB SYSTEM: This system is based on the use of large prefab components. The
components such as Precast concrete large panels for walls, floors, roofs, balconies, staircase,
etc. The casting of the components could be at the site or off the site. CLASSIFICATION
OF STRUCTURAL SCHEME WITH PRECAST LARGE Wall Systems Cross-In this scheme, the cross
wall are load bearing walls whereas the façade Walls are non load bearing this system is
suitable for high risen on-load bearing this system is suitable for high rise buildings.
Longitudinal Wall System-In this scheme the cross walls are non-load bearing whereas
Longitudinal walls are load bearing walls. This system is suitable for low rise buildings. A
combination of the above system with all load bearing walls can also be adopted. Precast
flooring units-could be homogeneous or non homogeneous floors:-could be solid slabs, cored
slabs, ribbed or waffle slabs. On-homogeneous floors:-could be multi-layered ones with
combinations of lightweight Concrete or reinforced/pre-stressed concrete, with filler blocks
ADVANTAGE
• Prefabrication causes lesser noise and dust.
• Offers less energy consumption.
• Erection can be done in any season.
• Carries out high capacity work
• Takes less than half construction time than the conventional castconcrete.
• Provides complex thermal insulation
• Improved quality over on-site construction
• Potential for lower production costs and other cost savings
• Saves time where weather conditions allow brief periods of construction
• It helps in safety of workers, environmental impact, constructability
• Do not disturb traffic during a bridge building as much as on-siteconstruction.
• Possibility of conversion, disassembling and moving to another site.
DISADVANTAGES
• The disadvantages depend on the size, complexity, quantity, and commonality of the
prefabricated units. Increases in size and complexity or decreases in quantity or commonality will
exaggerate the disadvantages. The primary factors are:
• Location
• : Where the prefabrication takes place. Smaller, common items can be made in factories serving
many projects and markets. Large custom assemblies typically need custom, temporary facilities
set up for the project. This can make the prefab assemblies more costly than site built ones.
• Transportation
• : Distance from fabrication to installation. Large assemblies transported over great distances cost
more to ship than their component parts which are typically already in common distribution.
Components still have to be delivered to the assembly facility. This will likely be somewhat
cheaper than delivering them to the job site but this will only be a slight offset to the shipping of
the completed assembly.
• Risk
• : Transporting large, complex assemblies with large amounts of value added poses much larger
risk from damage in transit or during installation
FLOW CHART REGARDING THE
DISADVANTAGES

SHIPPING LIMITATIONS
TRANSPORTATION

TRANSPORTATION
DISTANCE DIMENSTIONAL
TRAILER CONSTRAINTS
REQUIREMENTS LOAD
CONSTRAINTS
PERMIT COST
STRUCTURAL DAMAGES IN PREFABRICATED
BUILDINGS

Beam to Column Cap Joint and Beam Joint Damages

Case Study/External References
• NAKAGIN CAPSULE TOWER
• LOCATION: Ginza 8chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
• ARCHITECT: Ar. Kiso Kurokawa
• BUILDING STATISTICS
• Site Area: 442m²
• Building Area: 430m²
• Total Floor Area: 3,091m²
• STRUCTURE AND MATERIAL DETAILS
• Structure is steel frame which is partly encased in concrete
• Max of 140 capsules unit i.e11-13 stories including 1 basement
• Capsule exterior: Steel with sprayed paint finish
• Capsule interior: Steel capsule with cloth ceiling and floor carpet
• Lower level: Fair-faced reinforced concrete
External Links for Case Study.
• Container Building, Surat, India:-
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/5O5igwbWqhQ
• Failed Tower Nagakin Capsule Tower, Tokyo, Japan
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vrwYUOg1bZQ