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CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

This chapter will present the problem and its setting. It also

presents the background of the study, the statement of the problem, the

significance of the study, and the scope and delimitation of the study.

INTRODUCTION

English language has been commonly accepted as an active

universal language in the world. People who study English language

consider it as their personal proficiency. Therefore, nowadays many

people, particularly students, ought to master English language.

Mastering English language is an important value for the students to

have. By mastering the language, the students can improve themselves

both in academic and life skill. Once the students can comprehend it,

he or she can be well-accepted by the society. The language widely used

as a means of communication in the world is English. It is an

international language in the world. By learning English, the students

are expected to absorb and keep up with the development of science,

technology and art. The teaching of English is focused on the ability

of learners to be capable of mastering the four language skills,

namely: listening, speaking, reading, and writing (Depdiknas, 2003: 6).

The learners should have abilities in reading and listening to support

their speaking and writing. This paper will focus on the writing skills

of the learners.

One of the language skills is writing skill. It is one important

skill in learning English. It has always occupied a place in most

English language course. One of the reasons is that more and more
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people need to learn writing in English for occupational or academic

purposes. To write well, people must have good capability in writing.

Moreover, someone who wants to write an essay or a story must know the

steps in writing process and aspects of writing. The writer must be

able to organize the ideas, to construct the sentences, to use

punctuation, and spelling well. Besides, they must be able to arrange

their writing into cohesive and coherent paragraphs and texts.

Writing skills is one of the macro skills that student must

possess. Writing skills refer to the ability to effectively convey

one’s thoughts, ideas, opinions, and arguments through written

communication. This includes using proper grammar, punctuation,

spelling, and sentence structure, as well as organizing and structuring

content in a clear and coherent manner. According to Yamin (2019)

states that the ability to know, comprehend, and articulate a concept

into a paragraph or essay is the most basic writing skill that students

can possess.

In the digital age, writing skills have taken on a new dimension,

with students increasingly turning to technology for assistance in

enhancing their writing abilities. Among numerous tools available is

Grammarly and Quillbot, this app has gained popularity as aids for

improving grammar, punctuation, and overall writing style. Grammarly

and Quillbot are affordable AI writing tools that can help you be more

productive and create high-quality writing. However, these tools have

differences, and it's important to understand what each offer.

Grammarly is an award-winning online grammar checking tool

available for free. Grammarly is one of the best English grammar check

tools and the most widely used tool in the world. Grammarly is
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available as a Google Chrome extension and can detect grammar mistakes,

spelling mistakes, wrong sentence construction, and check for

plagiarism. These can be good tools for the rules learning and error

correction method since they enable students/learners to do a task then

correct errors. Grammarly is the most powerful tool the users can use

to check for errors in our typed work.

On the other hand, Quillbot is an online application that is used

to help paraphrase writing to avoid plagiarism, summarize long

sentences and improve grammar to make it more precise and look

professional (Williams & Davis, 2017). This application has been

trusted to help students, writers, bloggers, teaching staff, and so on

(Chapelle & Sauro, 2019). Quillbot has a limit of up to 400 characters

that can be paraphrased in the free version. The advantage of this

application is that it is time-efficient, and can quickly paraphrase

sentences in English. In the premium, the maximum limit increase to

10,000 characters. Quillbot free users can only access Standard and

Fluency modes. Meanwhile, Creative, Creative+, Shorten, Expand, and

Formal modes are only available for the premium version (Fitria, 2021).

Quillbot can be used by students to rewrite any writings or as an

alternative tool when they cannot paraphrase manually. However, the

site is a product of technology. Of course, human intelligence remains

the main.

The impact of these tools on the writing skills of students is a

topic of interest and importance. As students increasingly rely on

digital tools for writing, it is crucial to understand how these tools

are shaping their writing abilities. By gaining deeper understanding

this research seeks to determine whether these applications have any

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impact on their ability to critically evaluate and edit their own

writing and introduced strategies to encourage students to develop

their writing skills using this application.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The main purpose of this study is to identify the impact of

Grammarly and Quillbot in writing skills of the student.

Specifically, it will seek and determine the following:

1. What are the impacts of using Grammarly and Quillbot in the

development of the writing skills of the students?

2. What are the implications of the wide spread use of Grammarly and

Quillbot to the academic performance of the students?

3. What strategies can be introduced to encourage students to

develop their writing skills using Grammarly and Quillbot?

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The main focus of this study is to determine the impact of

Grammarly and Quillbot in writing skills of the students. The

respondents of the study will be the (60) sixty 2nd year BSED English

students in Polangui Community College as primary sources of the needed

information. The design of this research is qualitative research and

the researchers will use survey- questionnaire for gathering data.

This study will seek for the strategies that can be introduce to

students for them to develop their writing skills while using the

Grammarly and Quillbot through considering the impacts of Grammarly and

Quillbot to the development of writing skills of the students. This

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study will focus to the positive effects of using Grammarly and

Quillbot to students because it will be able to asses them and will

serves as a reinforcement for the grammar and vocabulary that teachers

work so hard to instill in their students.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is conducted to benefit the following:

Polangui Community College: This study will help institutions to

become more effective learning environment and better prepared

individuals for academic and professional aspects. This tool elevates

student's academic performance and communication skills. Grammarly and

Quillbot offers support in language - related tasks across various

subjects this also may serve to them as a valuable resource that aims

to enhance language proficiency and skills that may increase

institutions academic standards.

Instructors and professors: This research will help teachers to

formulate using Grammarly and Quillbot an efficient strategies and

worthwhile approaches to enhance the student’s academic writing skills

since, writing is considered as a fundamental macro skill that is

essential specially in academics. That fosters critical thinking,

communication, comprehension, and cater diverse learning styles that

will promote sentence construction, paraphrasing, and other grammar-

related activities.

Bachelor of Secondary Education major in English 2nd year: This

study will help students since this may serve as an aid and reference

for the students to improve their writing skills with this AI powered

writing assistant. Which enhances and edit various types of documents,

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articles, essays and, emails. That alleviate academic burdens of the

students that includes writing, sentence construction, paraphrasing,

and such as, grammar-related activities.

Future researchers: This will serve as a helpful reference for

who would like to study that related within this field whereas, this

study will provide them baseline and data information that will help

them to expand their knowledge related to this field that will lead

them for an innovation and other related advancement using Grammarly

and Quillbot to the writing skills of the students that will drive new

opportunities for the students.

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter will present the review of related literature and

studies that will provide relevant background and information in

determining the approach applicable to the study. It also presents the

synthesis of the art, gaps bridged by the study, the figured model of

theoretical and conceptual framework and its discussion, and the

definition of terms.

Related Literature

Impact of Grammarly and Quillbot on Writing Skills

A new AI powered tools can be seen in today’s generation as an

answer to a growing need for really advanced writing assistance and

language processing capabilities. The Grammarly and Quillbot

paraphrasing tools used by college students which are AI powered are

the most commonly observed paraphrasing tools among college students.

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Grammarly is a software tool that is meant to help users get rid of

grammar, spelling and stylistic errors (Gono, 2023). Grammarly shows

its capability with the help of the user-friendly interface and

insightful suggestions that empower users to enhance their writing

skills and achieve the best status of their work. The other point of

this tool is to provide a diverse range of phrases and thus ensures

that the content is not only visually but also grammatically correct.

Grammarly has gained its popularity among the digital trendsetting tool

of the moment (Javier, 2022). It is a rising digital tool utilized

these days by many people as a gateway to better writing and improved

skills. On the other hand, Quillbot is an excellent useful tool which

offers a range of benefits to both individual and groups of people

Marvi (2024). It is an all-purpose tool which can be highly useful in

all writing jobs, whether it is as simple as a short essay or as

complex as a dissertation. According to Ulrich (2024), one primary task

of Quillbot is to rephrase the words. Therefore, no copying happens and

original content gets created, preventing the problem of plagiarism.

The way to put it is that Quillbot will change user’s writing so that

it sounds new and yet original. In the opinion of Cortez (2023), it is

a great student companion because it is very easy to use and easy to

implement, the student just needs to type the words and then choose the

writing mode that they want. It also stated that the customer support

is great because it will response it there is difficulty using the

tool.

This AI powered tools are one of the most well-known and as such

among writers, students, and professionals looking to increase the

readability and effectiveness of their writing. It is very useful as it

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helps in the avoidance of plagiarism and an upgrading in the general

writing. O’Neill and Russell (2019) studied the impact of Grammarly on

students and discovered that this tool could be useful to student

trying to improve their grammatical accuracy. Through the giving of

feedback and tips, students can feel more skillful and tenacious,

therefore, done by themselves in editing the typed words. Moreover, it

increases students’ confidence in their capability to self-edit and

revise. Grammarly is about to help writers expand their skillset by

giving them alternative ways of putting something together; thus,

leading to more refined and engaging articles, as stated by Barrot

(2020). On the other hand, despite of limitation of Quillbot it is

generally fairly and efficient. The customization option of Quillbot is

very useful and the fact that it has several extensions which makes the

tool more flexible than others Cuala (2023). Quillbot can help students

improve their grammar and sentence structure by providing suggestions

and corrections in real-time. By using Quillbot, students can also save

time in the writing process as the tool can help generate new ideas and

rephrase sentences quickly. Grammarly and Quillbot are used often as

they make the writing process quicker and more convenient for the

students. They enable students to spot mistakes, correct them and get

immediate feedback. These tools provide students with the opportunity

to cut down on the time and energy that goes into editing. With their

instant grammar suggestions and feedback, Grammarly and Quillbot give

students immediate opportunity for revision, and this is essential for

those students that are struggling with grammar and style.

Grammarly and Quillbot are highly used by college students as

they are easy to use and give the user a wide range of helpful
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features. The tool becomes the supportive friend who helps students not

only to take ownership of editing process, but also to take the steps

they stand of improving their writing skills in the pro-active manner.

It aids the students to write well by detecting errors that they may

have and correct them to make good and more professional writing

clearer. It makes writing better and argue about the word choices

problems. It not only corrects the mistakes have made but it also gives

an alternative sentence structure that improves the quality of writing

as illustrated by Barrot (2020). This AI powered tools are quite famous

for the ability of effectively reformulating sentences and paragraphs

which facilitates original writing Roberts (2024). Overall, the main

purpose of this tool is to point them out and make suggestions about

how they can be corrected which is aimed at improving the writing.

Through these tools, learners can develop better writing skills and

submit more polished assignment with ease.

Related Studies

Studies on AI-Based Writing Assistance Tools

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in academic writing has

revolutionized how students, researchers, and educators’ approach

various

Writing tasks. AI-powered tools have emerged as valuable resources that

offer

real-time assistance, feedback, and language enhancement options,

elevating the quality and efficiency of academic writing.

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One significant application of Al in academic writing is

automated grammar and style checking. Tools like Grammarly have gained

widespread popularity among students and writers due to their ability

to detect and correct grammatical errors, punctuation, and writing

style inconsistencies (Chen et al.,2022; Xieling,2022). Studies have

shown that using Al-based writing assistance tools significantly

improves the overall writing quality and reduces the number of errors

in academic papers (Andrea, 2023; Almaleki, 2020).

Several studies have examined the impact of AI-based writing

tools on

Students’ writing proficiency and academic performance. For instance,

Chen et

Al. (2022) conducted a study to evaluate the effectiveness of AI in

enhancing

Grammar and style in English academic writing. The results indicated a

Significant improvement in writing quality, with students showing a

better

Understanding of grammar rules and reduced errors in their writing.

Similarly, Maulidina and Wibowo (2022) investigated the impact of

Grammarly on improving writing skills among students. The study found

that

Regular use of the tool enhanced writing fluency and increased

confidence in

Students’ writing abilities.

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Amyatun & Kholis (2023) conducted a study entitled “Can

Artificial Intelligence (AI) like QuillBot AI Assist Students’ Writing

Skills? Assisting Learning to Write Texts using AI” where they utilize

Classroom Action Research (CAR) using the Kemmis, McTaggart, and Nixon

paradigm conducted in two cycles, each consisting of three meetings.

Each cycle included planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The

participants of this study were students from XI IPA 2A, consisting of

20 students. The data collection technique employed was a test. Before

giving treatment, the students did a pre-test in the form of a writing

test. Then, the researcher taught the students using Quillbot AI in

several meetings. A paired sample t-test was administered using the

SPSS version 25 to analyze the obtained data. The findings revealed

that using QuillBot AI in the writing class considerably improved

students’ writing skills. It was demonstrated by the results of the

students’ writing test scores. In the pre-test, the students’ mean

score was 53.55. Then, after utilizing QuillBot AI, the students’ mean

post-test score was 78.90. In addition, the significance of the

difference could also be seen in the acquisition of a sig. (2-tailed)

value of 0.000, which meant it was smaller than 0.05. Based on the

statistics presented, Ho was refused, and Ha was approved, indicating

that QuillBot AI’s usage impacted the students’ ability to create

hortatory exposition texts.

By offering an automated paraphrasing solution, QuillBot offers a

useful alternative for those having trouble with the paraphrasing

process. Kusuma (2020) claims that QuillBot plays a crucial role in

addressing the challenges faced by teachers and students who lack the

knowledge or skills to paraphrase writing manually. With the use of

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this application, users may create more authentic-looking but original

copies of their text, all while maintaining the original meaning.

QuillBot is therefore an invaluable tool, especially for those who have

trouble paraphrasing on their own.

In an era of rapid technological advancement, digital tools

assisted by artificial intelligence (Al) have the potential to

facilitate human labor, particularly in the teaching and learning

process, according to Ginting & Fithriani (2022) and Kurniati &

Fithriani (2022). Students trust platforms like QuillBot and Grammarly

to grade their work, and these technologies have been shown to have

several advantages that raise the caliber of student writing. By using

these technological tools, instructors may more easily and quickly

provide feedback and corrections to students, which lessens the burden

of having to go over a lot of mistakes again.

In the study “Exploring the Profound Impact of Artificial

Intelligence Applications (Quillbot, Grammarly and CHATGPT) on English

Academic Writing: A Systematic Review” conducted by Ghafar N.G., Raad

B., and Anjum F. (2023), it highlights that Artificial Intelligence

Applications including Grammarly, Quillbot, and ChatGPT has the

potential to revolutionize the writing process, improve language

proficiency, and enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and overall quality

of English academic writing.

Researchers examined the use of cellphone artificial intelligence

and its effect on students’ educational productivity in a study titled

“The Influences of Cellphone Artificial Intelligence Toward the

Educational Productivity of Grade 12 Students,” according to Torio et

al. (2019). The study found that 67.2% of the respondents used
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cellphone artificial intelligence for academic purposes, while 82.54%

used it for both academic and personal activities like gaming and

music. Instant access to information or data, saving study time, and

improved study habits that enable self-regulated learning and effective

understanding of lectures and topics were identified as the two main

influences of cellphone artificial intelligence on students’

educational productivity. The majority of respondents (75.13%) felt

that cellphone artificial intelligence contributes to improved

educational

Regala-Flores & Lopez (2019) emphasize how important it is to

summarize and paraphrase in order to write academically effectively

while also demonstrating understanding. Examining, combining, and

assessing the sources while also making choices. Data organization,

document organization, and work revision. Unlike earlier research, this

study explores the viewpoints of the students while delving into the

cognitive and metacognitive aspects of these activities.

A study was carried out by Ventayen and Orlanda-Ventayen (2018)

to assess the usefulness of Grammarly, a writing improvement software.

Grammarly’s ability to automatically detect errors in Conceptual

Writing, Grammar, Punctuation, Sentence Structure, Style, and

Vocabulary Enhancement is something that most respondents found useful,

according to the survey. Graduate students majoring in English voiced

worries about the software’s deceptive feedback, but non-majors saw it

as very helpful. The software was considered workable overall, despite

a few small issues. The scientists suggested that Grammarly be used

going forward, but they also stressed the necessity to solve the issue

of better detection in order to reduce false feedback. They also stated

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that although Grammarly is a useful tool, proofreading by humans is

still necessary. Future research suggestions included verifying the

findings in subsequent years at Pangasinan State University and

expanding the research to include undergraduate students and faculty

staff.

According to the study of Fontanilla, J.B., Bautista, K.H.,

Lactao, M.Jr., Villacorte, M.A., & Santos, R. (2023), in the emergence

of artificial intelligence within the academe, the student tends to be

reliant on utilizing technological tools to alleviate the difficulty of

the workload they must comply with. On the contrary, their development

as students, including their writing competence, are being compromised

as their creativity, critical thinking, and senses of originality are

being neglected by this matter. With that, the evidence is clear:

despite having influential benefits in terms of efficiency and idea

generation, artificial intelligence may still inflict hindrances in the

learning processes of the students. With the acquisition of valuable

insights and experiences of certain educators at National University

Baliwag conducive for this research study, the researchers were able to

accentuate the complexities concerning to the integration of artificial

intelligence to education. This fruition was fortified by the thematic

analysis, revealing significant concerns regarding the students’

overreliance to artificial intelligence, its potential impacts on

writing competence, ethical considerations, and approaches towards the

implementation of artificial intelligence to the education across the

Philippines. These findings encapsulate the significance of scrupulous

balance between the influence of usage of artificial Intelligence tools

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such as generators and chatbots, and the instilling of academic

integrity within the scholastic circles.

Synthesis of the Art

The researcher offered a variety of relevant studies and

literature about the study. In order to have a better grasp of the

literature and studies, the researchers created a synthesis in the

following discussion.

The literature of AI powered tools such as Grammarly and Quillbot

are widely used by college students for writing assistance and language

processing capabilities. According to (Gono, 2023) Grammarly is a

software tool designed to help users eliminate grammar, spelling, and

stylistic errors. Then it's offers a diverse range of phrases, ensuring

that the content is not only visually but also grammatically correct.

It has become a popular digital tool among many people as a gateway to

better writing and improved skills (Javier, 2022).

According to (Marvi, 2024), (Ulrich,2024) and (Cortez, 2023)

Quillbot is an all-purpose tool that can be highly useful in all

writing jobs, whether it's as simple as a short essay or as complex as

a dissertation. One primary task of Quillbot is to rephrase words,

ensuring that no copying happens and original content gets created,

preventing the problem of plagiarism. It is a great student companion

because it is very easy to use and implement. Both tools make the

writing process quicker and more convenient for students. Grammarly and

Quillbot give students immediate opportunities for revision, which is

essential for those students struggling with grammar and style (Barrot,

2020).
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A study by O’Neill and Russell (2019), (Cuala, 2023) and (Robert,

2024) discovered that These tools are not only correct mistakes but

also give alternative sentence structures that improve the quality of

writing. Through these tools, learners can develop better writing

skills and submit more polished assignments with ease.

According to several author's studies, Grammarly have gained

popularity among students and writers due to their ability to detect

and correct grammatical errors, punctuation, and writing style

inconsistencies (Chen et al.,2022; Xieling,2022). And AI-based writing

assistance tools significantly improves the overall writing quality and

reduces the number of errors in academic papers (Andrea, 2023;

Almaleki, 2020).

According to Amyatun & Kholis (2023) and Kusuma (2020) specifically

focus on QuillBot and its benefits in addressing paraphrasing

challenges and improving writing skills. Ginting & Fithriani (2022) and

Kurniati & Fithriani (2022) discuss the potential of AI to facilitate

human labor and improve the teaching and learning process. Then Ghafar

N.G., Raad B., and Anjum F. (2023) conducted a systematic review of AI

applications, including Quillbot, Grammarly, and ChatGPT, and their

impact on English academic writing. All studies highlight the benefits

of AI tools in enhancing the efficiency, accuracy, and overall quality

of students' writing.

The study of Torio et al. (2019) found that cellphone artificial

intelligence contributes to improved educational productivity, while

Regala-Flores & Lopez (2019) highlight the importance of summarizing

and paraphrasing in academic writing. Ventayen and Orlanda-Ventayen

(2018) specifically focus on Grammarly, a writing improvement software,

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and its benefits in detecting errors and improving writing skills.

Regala-Flores & Lopez (2019) explore the cognitive and metacognitive

aspects of summarizing and paraphrasing in academic writing. All

studies highlight the benefits of technology in enhancing students'

understanding, efficiency, and accuracy in the writing process.

The study by Fontanilla, J.B., Bautista, K.H., Lactao, M.Jr.,

Villacorte, M.A., & Santos, R. (2023) explores the impact of artificial

intelligence (AI) on students' learning processes and writing

competence. Then the study highlights the importance of striking a

balance between the use of AI tools and instilling academic integrity

in educational institutions.

GAPS BRIDGED BY THE STUDY

Grammarly and Quillbot really have a great help to the students

to improve and enhance their writing skills by assisting and utilizing

appropriate writing, it facilitates the students by giving appropriate

words and punctuation that needed in every sentence, it raises the

student’s learning ability by giving further information why those

words should be use and not. Writing is a kind of macro skill that

student need to possess and improve, this macro skill represents the

utterances of a language by using words, sentences, grammar and

punctuation to create messages and convey meaning. This study will

focus to the impacts in the writing skills of the students that uses

Grammarly and Quillbot, two of an AI technology that use by the

students nowadays to assist their writings. Although there are many

studies examine the effects of Grammarly and Quillbot based from the

related literature and studies that reviewed they are more focus to the

positive effects of using it. This research gap limits the

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understanding of the impacts of Grammarly and Quillbot in the writing

skills of the students, these will show if this AI technology really

give a great help in gaining information and learnings to the students.

In Reviewing the content of related literature and studies,

although they provided educational interventions and lesson plans that

address the recognized difficulties of second language (L2) learners

have when it comes to summarizing and paraphrasing there is a gap in

strategies that can be introduce to the students while using the

Grammarly and Quillbot that results of lacking in information on how

the students be able to improve their writing skills in a convenient

way. This study will also examine the implications of the broad use

Grammarly and Quillbot to the academic performance of the students. It

will also review if the students still check the words, sentences and

punctuation being suggested by the apps if those words are really

relevant and related to what they are going to write. In this

generation we are more relying in technology because its more efficient

and easier but being knowledgeable how to use them properly can give

great help in every aspect of life. The highlights of these research

are to determine the strategies that can be introduce and implemented

to students for them to be productive and enhance their skills in

writing. Introducing strategies and techniques will give a great help

to the students while using the Grammarly and Quillbot. This will also

inform them if this AI tools really have a great help in their academic

performance because this study will examine the implications of the

wide range of using Grammarly and Quillbot to the academic performance

of the students.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
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An AI paraphrasing tool can be seen in today’s generation as an

answer to a growing need for really advanced writing assistance and

language processing capabilities that supports the theory it is the

system contains continually changing sets of symbol structures as well

as a set of processes for their creation, modification, reproduction

and destruction. A paraphrasing tool that uses AI like Grammarly and

Quillbot, Artificial intelligence is the theory and development of

computer systems that are able to perform tasks that normally require

human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition,

decision-making, and translation between languages. Artificial

intelligence makes it possible for machines to learn from experience,

adjust to new inputs, and perform human-like tasks. It mainly focuses

on understanding and performing intelligent tasks such as reasoning,

learning new skills, and adopting to new situations and problems. It is

a combination of computer science, psychology, and philosophy (Mogali,

Artificial Intelligence and its applications in Libraries). This shows

that the advantages of Al-powered tools go beyond convenience and time-

saving, since they actively aid in the growth of beginning writers by

assisting them in learning and utilizing appropriate writing methods.

This study was anchored to the operant conditioning (Burrhus

Frederic Skinner) Operant conditioning, or instrumental conditioning,

is a theory of learning where behavior is influenced by its

consequences. Behavior that is reinforced (rewarded) will likely be

repeated, and behavior that is punished will occur less frequently. In

this theory there is a term the Positive reinforcement described by B.

F. Skinner in his theory of operant conditioning. Whereas, in positive

reinforcement, a response or behavior is strengthened by rewards,

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leading to the repetition of desired behavior. The reward is a

reinforcing stimulus. Grammarly is an online grammar checking tool

available for free. And one of the best English grammar check tools

that is most widely used tool in the world. Grammarly can detect

grammar mistakes, spelling mistakes, wrong sentence construction, and

check for plagiarism. These can be good tools for the rules learning

and error correction method since they enable students/learners to do a

task then correct errors and Quillbot is an online application that is

used to help paraphrase writing to avoid plagiarism, summarize long

sentences and improve grammar to make it more precise and look

professional (Williams & Davis, 2017). In relation to what Burrhus

Frederic Skinner proposed in operant conditioning. learning how to use

AI powered tool such as Grammarly and Quillbot the behavior of students

who uses this AI powered tools is being reinforced and the advantages

of Al-powered tools go beyond convenience and time-saving, since they

actively aid in the growth of beginning writers by assisting them in

learning and utilizing appropriate writing methods serve to them as a

form of (reward) and the use likely be repeated in exchange of that

grammatical errors (punishment) or the behavior that is punishment will

occur less frequently. Students increasingly rely on digital tools for

writing, using this AI powered tools helps shaping their writing

abilities and have any impact on their ability to critically evaluate

and edit their own writing.

Usage of these AI powered tools are underpinning to Lev

Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development and Scaffolding Theory. He

proposed that, there are tasks beyond a learner’s current abilities but

are attainable with the help and guidance of the more knowledgeable
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other (MKO). ZPD was defined as, the distance between the actual

developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and

the level of potential development as determined through problem-

solving under adult guidance, or in collaboration with more capable

peers (Vygotsky, 1978, p. 86). The ZPD bridges the gap between current

and potential ability. What a learner does with help today, they will

be able to do independently tomorrow. The ZPD defines the parameters of

the learner’s immediate future development. The study relates to what

Vygotsky believes, that when a student is in the zone of proximal

development for a particular task such as construction of sentences

grammar and paragraph like assignments or other asynchronous tasks that

require and involves writing skills AI powered tools like Grammarly

and Quillbot provides the appropriate assistance and give the student

enough of a “boost” to achieve the task especially when the presence of

knowledgeable other like their educators is not around. Grammarly and

Quillbot is an online application that is used to help paraphrase

writing to avoid plagiarism, summarize long sentences and improve

grammar to make it more precise and look professional (Williams &

Davis, 2017).

AI powered tools like Grammarly and Quillbot serves as a

Scaffolding to the students who uses it Scaffolding consists of the

activities provided by the educator, or more competent peer, to support

the student as he or she is led through the zone of proximal

development. Wood et al. (1976, p. 90) define scaffolding as a process

that enables a child or novice to solve a task or achieve a goal that

would be beyond his unassisted efforts. As they note, scaffolds require

the adult to controlling those elements of the task that are initially
 22

beyond the learner’s capability, thus permitting him to concentrate

upon and complete only those elements that are within his range of

competence (p. 90). Grammarly and Quillbot are like a scaffolding they

can detect grammar mistakes, spelling mistakes, wrong sentence

construction, and check for plagiarism. And good tools for the rules

learning and error correction method since they enable

students/learners to do a task then correct errors.

Using of Grammarly and Quillbot also anchors to John Dewey

believes On Education; Impact & Theory. He proposed that people learn

and grow as a result of their experiences and interactions with the

world. These compel people to continually develop new concepts, ideas,

practices, and understandings in connection to what did he believes we

are now in the digital age, writing skills have taken on a new

dimension, with students increasingly turning to technology for

assistance in enhancing their writing abilities and aids for them for

improving grammar, punctuation, and overall writing style. Grammarly

and Quillbot are an award-winning online grammar checking tool

available for free. They are one of the best English grammar check

tools and the most widely used tool in the world. These applications

have been trusted to help students, writers, bloggers, teaching staff,

and other professionals (Chapelle & Sauro, 2019). Rather than teaching

students to accept any seemingly valid explanations, Dewey believed

that education’s purpose is to give students opportunities to discover

information and ideas through their own effort by using Grammarly and

Quillbot in a teacher-structured environment with the use of Digital

and Computer literacy. However, teachers could also provide explicit

instruction as appropriate by applying rules, restrictions, approaches,

 23

strategies and etiquettes in using these Types of Literacy. In the

digital age, learning affects information use and it follows from

learning, according to Maybee (2006, p. 84) this is exemplified by

Ethelene Whitmire’s (2003) study, discussed that learning may indeed

promote information use and Students are connected to their ways of

information seeking and use. This refer to the ideas of how it is

possible to get information about a subject and how valid that

information is like AI powered tools such as Grammarly and Quillbot is

an online application that is used to help paraphrase writing to avoid

plagiarism, summarize long sentences and improve grammar to make it

more precise and look professional (Williams & Davis, 2017).

AI theory

John Dewey Operant

beleives on Conditioning
Education B.F. Skinner

The Impact of
Grammarly and Quillbot
in writing skills of
the student
 24

Figure 1: Theoretical Paradigm

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This conceptual framework outlines the key inputs, processes, and

outputs involved in the impact of Grammarly and Quillbot in writing

skills of the students. The researcher adopted Input, Process, and

Output (IPO) model which includes all of the information that are

required in the process, the specific process itself and the and the

guide on evaluation of the impact of grammarly and Quillbot in writing

skills of the students of the second year BSED ENGLISH students of

Polangui Community College the concept model as shown in Figure 2.

 25

It shows what is the process of determining the impacts of

Grammarly and Quillbot to the writing skills of the students of second

year BSED ENGLISH of Polangui Community College. What are the inputs

that helps students of second year BSED ENGLISH students of Polangui

Community College that helps them in using these AI powered tools

provided the general structure and guide for the direction of the study

Substituting the variables of this study. For input it consist of

aspects that related to the educational research dependent and

independent variables all the details specified in the statement of the

problem are stipulated here.

For process it includes the procedure on how the researcher

selected respondents from the students of BSED English Department of

Polangui Community College. Utilize usage logs of these AI powered

tools understanding of how these AI powered tools influences the

students especially the respondents’ writing skills over time thus,

survey questionnaires and self-checklist regarding their experiences

with Grammarly and Quillbot, including perceived benefits and

limitations. As well as the interpretation of data results gathered on

it and statistical analysis of the data for qualitative results.

For output it contains of the expected outcome of the study which

are the potential for feedback and integration that ensures a holistic

approach to skill development using Grammarly and Quillbot suggestions

of possibly long-term retention of improved writing skills beyond these

too usage, indicating a sustainable impact on students overall writing

proficiency formulate approach and strategies in after determining the

 26

inputs of Grammarly and Quillbot to the writing skills of the second-

year students of BSED ENGLISH of Polangui Community College.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 27

What are the

impacts of using
Grammarly and
Quillbot in the
development of the
writing skills of -Creating of
the students? Questionnaires. Formulate
strategies and
What are the -Distributing of approaches that may
implications of the Questionnaires to help the BSED
wide spread use of the respondents. ENGLISH students of
Grammarly and Polangui Community
Quillbot to the College in using
academic -Collection of grammarly and
performance of the data and analysis Quilbot in the
students? through development of
Questionnaire and their writing
statistical skills.
What strategies can
be introduced to treatment.
encourage students
to develop their
writing skills
using Grammarly and
Quillbot?

FEEDBACK

Figure 2: Conceptual Paradigm

DEFINITION OF TERMS
 28

The following terms are conceptually and operationally defined to

have a better understanding of the relevance of these terms in the

study.

Artificial intelligence. Refers to the simulation of human

intelligence by software-coded heuristics; In this study it is the

trusted platforms of the students to grade their work and two of them

are the Grammarly and Quillbot.

Authentic-looking. it is real and based on fact; in this study,

it describes the originality and realness of the writing output even

with the use of AI writing tools.

Digital tools. Refers to various software, applications, and

online platforms that enhance productivity in different fields; in this

study it assists to access the AI writing tools (Grammarly and

Quillbot) which are being studied.

Extensive input. Refer to a large or thorough amount of input,

such as data or information, that is provided by people or used in a

process; in this study it pertains to the correctness and clarity in

English writing.

Grammarly: Grammarly is an AI-powered writing assistant that

helps users improve their grammar, punctuation, and writing style by

providing suggestions and corrections in real time; in this study,

Grammarly is utilized as a trusted platform by students to enhance the

quality of their written work.

Grammatical accuracy. Refers to the correct usage of sentence

structure in dialogue or writing; in this study it refers to the

quality of writing that can be made by using Grammarly and Quillbot.

 29

Paraphrasing. The process of writing someone else’s ideas in own

words or a source involves changing the wording while preserving the

original meaning; in this study this is the one of the features of

Grammarly and Quillbot influences the writing skills of the students.

Quillbot: It is a paraphrasing and rewriting tool that assists

users in rephrasing text to improve clarity and coherence; in this

study, Quillbot is one of the AI writing tools utilized by students to

enhance the authenticity and originality of their writing output.

Impact: To have a strong effect or influence on a situation or

person; in this study it refers to the effect or influence that

Grammarly and Quillbot have on students' writing skills and overall

academic performance.

Second language (L2). Language other than the mother tongue that

a person or community uses; in this study, it pertains to the English

Language being used to acquire language writing skills.

Summarization. A process of automatically condensing and

rewriting a large chunk of text to create a small, crisp summary; in

this study it is one of the features of Grammarly and Quillbot to help

students in enhancing their writing.

Technological advance. Refers to an improvement or innovation in

technology that brings about new methods or tools which enhance human

capabilities or solve problems more efficiently; in this study it

introduced the two AI tool, Grammarly and Quillbot that help students

in assisting their writings.

Writing Skills. It is a productive, or active skill, as it

requires students to use hands and brains to produce the written

 30

symbols; in this study this is the skill that the students must achieve

in relation of using AI writing tools particularly Grammarly and

Quillbot.

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the general methods of research used in

the study. It includes the research design, the sources of data, the

respondents of the study, the locale of the study, the research

instrument and validation, the data gathering procedure and the

statistical treatment of data.

Research Design

The research design serves as the foundation for any research

project and a lighthouse to direct the research activities. It acts as

a set of benchmarks to ensure that research is moving in the proper

direction (Thakur, 2021). This research design aims to explore the

effects of using Grammarly and Quillbot on the writing skills

development of students and its implications on their academic

performance.

This study will use descriptive design. It would be more

appropriate for this study because it would allow the researcher to

investigate the impact of Grammarly and Quillbot on the students'

writing skills, while controlling for other factors that could

influence the results. It would also be feasible and ethical, as it

 31

would allow the researcher to gain a more comprehensive understanding

of the students' experiences using the tools.

Sources of Data

The study will use two kinds of data: the primary data and the

secondary data. The 2nd Year Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in

English students (BSED English) of Polangui Community College (PCC) who

will be the respondents of the study- the source of the primary data.

The data will be obtained through a self-checklist and survey

questionnaire. The secondary sources of data came from reading

materials such as internet articles and reliable documents sources that

served as references to the present study. Related studies will be

taken from available theses, dissertations in the reliable resources

included and citations to those who published it in the said resources

Both primary and secondary sources of data and information are

utilized in this study. Existing data is going to be public and

private. Reliability of the data gathered by the researchers’ protocols

and terms regarding to data should be integrated during the data

gathering process.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents will be the 2nd year students taking Bachelor of

Secondary Education (BSED) major in English at Polangui Community

College (PCC). The total of all the 2nd year students of English major

to determine the students who have experience using the Grammarly and

Quillbot. The researcher will not choose random students from both

blocks to avoid biases and to conduct the study fairly.

 32

The respondents should have enough experience using the Grammarly

and Quillbot that can help to provide valuable and concrete information

about using the apps. The respondents can also give feedback even he/

she used just one in Grammarly and Quillbot.

Locale of the Study

This study will be conducted at Polangui Community College in

Alnay Polangui Albay Region V Bicol, Philippines. This research

conducted in the second semester of academic year 2023- 2024. using the

survey-questionnaire and self-checklist.

The Polangui Community College is a oldest reigning Community

College in southern Luzon that was established in the municipality of

Polangui that was made after Dr. Pedro Orata' s visit to the Polangui

General Comprehension High School, headed by Mrs. Aurora R. Encisa that

was on February 14, 1968. It considers as a big steps in improvement of

Polangui in terms of Education. Therefore, with the sponsorship of

municipal council and the parent- teacher association, the Polangui

Community College (PCC) as consider as part of total continuing

education in the Polangui and neighboring communities. In June 1968 the

classes were opened that was held in PGCHS.

 33

Figure 3: Polangui Community College

Research Instrument and Validation

The researchers of this study will make use of survey-

questionnaire and self-checklist in order to gather data needed in this

research. A questionnaire is a data collection technique that involves

asking respondents to answer a set of questions in a predetermined

order (Sospeter, 2022). A self-checklist is a simple instrument

consisting prepared list of expected items which are checked by the

respondents. The survey-questionnaire consisted of five (5) questions

that would help find out the impacts of using Grammarly and Quillbot to

the writing skills of the students. In this part, the researcher asked

to the students to choose one option. Each question consists of five

(5) options of the answer, always, often, sometimes, rarely, and never.

The self-checklist will consist of ten (10) question that will also

help the researcher find out the impacts of using Grammarly and

Quillbot to the writing skills of the students.

 34

To validate the research instrument, the researcher uses the face

validity and content validity. Using the face validity, researcher will

ask the respondents to review the instrument and provide feedback on

its clarity, relevance, and comprehensibility. This feedback would help

ensure that the questions in the instrument are constructed accurately

and are understood by the respondents. Using the content validity, the

researcher will seek feedback from the expert to evaluate the

instrument. The experts feedback will focus on the appropriateness, and

accuracy of the items in the instrument.

Data Gathering Procedure

The respondents are the 2nd year students of Bachelor of

secondary Education major in English of Polangui Community College. The

researcher will prepare a request letter to conduct a study and create

a survey-questionnaire and self-check list validated by the professor

of the subject. The researcher will explain to the respondents the

importance of the study and giving enough time for the respondents to

answer the survey-questionnaire. The respondents will be request to

answer honestly and the researchers will also clarify the terms so that

the respondents will have full knowledge of their responsibility as the

subject of the research. The researcher goal is to determine the

positive effects of Grammarly and Quillbot to the writing skills of the

students to be able to give strategies to improve the writing skills of

the students while using the Grammarly and Quillbot. After the

respondents answer the survey-questionnaire the researcher will collect

the data for the interpretation and for the researcher to give

conclusion and recommendations of the study.

Statistical Treatment
 35

This study will make use of descriptive statistics which

describes the possible impacts of using Grammarly and Quillbot to the

Writing Skills and Academic performance of the students. The data to be

gathered will be treated using tendency measurement specifically the

mode in order to select the response that occurs most frequently. The

researchers will make use of the Likert Scale to measure opinions,

attitudes, or behaviors of the respondents. It consists of a statement

or a question, followed by a series of five answer statements.

Respondents choose the option that best corresponds with how they feel

about the statement or question. The gathered data will be treated

using the percentage formula in order to describe the impacts of using

Grammarly and Quillbot that are frequently observed by the respondents.

It will make use of the formula below:

Formula: Percentage = f/N x 100%

Where: f- frequency

N- population

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article/view/1811

Part I: SELF-CHECKLIST

Instructions: Put a check on the box for the possible impacts of using

Grammarly and Quillbot to your writing skills as a student.

The positive impact of Grammarly (/)

and Quillbot in my writing skills

is/are:

Increased awareness of grammar and

spelling errors.

Improved sentence structure and

word choice

Enhanced writing fluency and

coherence

Greater confidence in writing

abilities

Deeper understanding of grammar

rules
 42

Time-saving in proofreading and

editing

Reduction of common writing

mistakes

Improvement in overall writing

quality

Encouragement to try new writing

techniques

Ability to receive instant

feedback and suggestions for

improvement.

PART II: SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Instructions: Using the 5-point scale shown below. Rate the following

questions by placing check (/) in the box. Please answer the question

honestly. Do not leave each item unanswered.

Questions Alway Ofte Sometime Rarel Neve

s (5) n s (3) y (2) r

(4) (1)

Have you used Grammarly or

Quillbot to improve your writing

skills?

How often do you use Grammarly

or Quillbot to check your

 43

writing for grammar and

punctuation errors?

Do you find Grammarly or

Quillbot helpful in improving

your writing skills?

Do you think using Grammarly or

Quillbot has made you more

confident in your writing

abilities?

Have you noticed any changes in

the quality of your writing

since using Grammarly or

Quillbot?