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Central Limit Theorem

The document explains the Central Limit Theorem, which states that the sampling distribution of the sample mean approaches a normal distribution as the sample size increases, regardless of the population distribution. It includes examples of calculating population statistics and illustrates the sampling distribution of sample means using a population of numbers from 1 to 6. Additionally, it provides problems and activities related to probability and sampling distributions for further understanding.

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2 views

Central Limit Theorem

The document explains the Central Limit Theorem, which states that the sampling distribution of the sample mean approaches a normal distribution as the sample size increases, regardless of the population distribution. It includes examples of calculating population statistics and illustrates the sampling distribution of sample means using a population of numbers from 1 to 6. Additionally, it provides problems and activities related to probability and sampling distributions for further understanding.

Uploaded by

dcskfhskdu eidhuewuhs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CENTRAL LIMIT

THEOREM
OBJECTIVES
illustrate and define the sampling distribution of the sample
mean using Central Limit Theorem
draw random samples, compute means, and plot
distributions
appreciate the role of the Central Limit Theorem in
decision-making and data analysis.
CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM
states that the sampling distribution of the mean approaches a normal
distribution, as the sample size increases.

Regardless of the initial shape of the population distribution,


if samples of size n are randomly selected from a population,
the sampling distribution of the sampling means will approach
a normal distribution as the sample size n gets larger.
Consider a population of Senior High School consisting of
the values 1, 2, 3,4, 5, and 6. Compute the following:

1. population mean
2. population variance
3. standard deviation
4. illustrate the probability histogram of the sampling
distribution of the means
Given a die, it has 6 faces in which each face has either
dot/s of x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Compute the following:

1. population mean 2. population variance


Given a die, it has 6 faces in which each face has either
dot/s of x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Compute the following:

3. population standard deviation 4. histogram


Consider all the possible samples of size 2 that can be drawn with
replacement from the population 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Create a
sampling distribution of the sample mean. Compute the following:

1. Mean of the sampling distribution of the sample mean


2. Variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean
3. Standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the
sample mean
4. Illustrate the probability histogram of the sampling
distribution of the mean
Consider all the possible samples of size 2 that can be drawn with
replacement from the population 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Create a
sampling distribution of the sample mean. Compute the following:

1. Mean of the sampling distribution of the sample mean


Consider all the possible samples of size 2 that can be drawn with
replacement from the population 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Create a
sampling distribution of the sample mean. Compute the following:

2. Variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean


Consider all the possible samples of size 2 that can be drawn with
replacement from the population 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Create a
sampling distribution of the sample mean. Compute the following:

3. Standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample mean


Consider all the possible samples of size 2 that can be drawn with
replacement from the population 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Create a
sampling distribution of the sample mean. Compute the following:

4. Illustrate the probability histogram of the sampling distribution of the


mean
COMPARISON
Sampling Distribution of the
Population
Sample Means

Mean 3.5 3.5

Variance 2.92 1.46

Standard
1.71 1.21
Deviation
SUMMARY
Sampling Distribution
Population
of the Sample Means μ = μx̅

Mean 3.5 3.5

Variance 2.92 1.46

Standard
Deviation 1.71 1.21
REMEMBER!
The distribution of the sample mean tends toward the normal distribution as
the sample size increases, regardless of the distribution from which we are
sampling.
The sample mean can be considered approximately normally distributed if the
sample size is at least 30 (n≥30).
If the sample size is sufficiently large, the Central Limt Theorem can be used.
Use the formula,
SAMPLE PROBLEM
The mean time it takes a group of senior high students to
complete a certain examination is 50.6 minutes. The standard
deviation is 6 minutes. Assume that the variable is normally
distributed. If 49 randomly selected senior high school
students take the examination, what is the probability that the
mean time it takes the group to complete the test will be less
than 48 minutes?
The mean time it takes a group of senior high students to complete a certain examination is 50.6
minutes. The standard deviation is 6 minutes. Assume that the variable is normally distributed. If
49 randomly selected senior high school students take the examination, what is the probability
that the mean time it takes the group to complete the test will be less than 48 minutes?

1. Write the given data. 2. Identify what is asked.


The mean time it takes a group of senior high students to complete a certain examination is 50.6
minutes. The standard deviation is 6 minutes. Assume that the variable is normally distributed. If
49 randomly selected senior high school students take the examination, what is the probability
that the mean time it takes the group to complete the test will be less than 48 minutes?

3. Compute for the probability.


The probability that 49 randomly selected senior high school students
will complete the test in less than 48 minutes is 0.0012 or 0.12%
ACTIVITY TIME
ACTIVITY TIME
Directions: Read, analyze, and solve the problems
below. Show your complete solutions.

1. There are 250 dogs at a dog show that weigh an


average of 12 pounds, with a standard deviation of
8 pounds. If 4 dogs are chosen at random, what is
the probability that the average weight is greater
than 8 pounds?
ACTIVITY TIME

2. The average number of pages in a novel is


326 with a standard deviation of 24 pages. If a
sample of 50 novels is randomly chosen, what
is the probability that the average number of
pages in these books is between 319 and 331?
ACTIVITY TIME
3. The number of driving miles before a certain kind of
tire begins to show wear is on the average, 16,800 miles
with a standard deviation of 3,300 miles.
a. What is the probability that the 36 tires will have an
average of less than 16,000 miles until the tires begin to
wear out?
b. What is the probability that the 36 tires will have an
average of more than 18,000 miles until the tires begin
to wear out?

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