8

Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 1
Mathematical System in Geometry
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Mathematical System in Geometry

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Angelito Mara Bulala, MAED-MATH

Ethel Bernadas Canda, MAT-MATH

Editors: Julius Jotojot Igot, EdD

Kenneth Regene Barbarona Blasco, MAEM

Management Team: Bianito A. Dagatan EdD, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

Casiana P. Caberte PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Felix C. Galacio Jr. PhD

EPS, Mathematics

Josephine D. Eronico PhD

EPS, LRMDS

Printed in the Philippines by Schools Division of Bohol

Department of Education – Region VII, Central Visayas

Office Address: 0050 Lino Chatto Drive Barangay Cogon, Tagbilaran City,
Bohol
Telefax: (038) 501 – 7550
Tel Nos. (038) 412 – 4938; (038) 411-2544; (038) 501 – 7550
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Learning Competencies: Illustrates the need for an axiomatic structure of a mathematical system in
general, and in Geometry in particular: (a) defined terms; (b) undefined terms;(c) postulates; and (d)
theorems (M8GE-IIIa-c-1).

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 identify and illustrate the points, lines and planes;
 identify and illustrate collinear points and coplanar points/lines and
 determine the postulates that are related to points, lines and planes.

LESSON 1: Undefined Terms

What is it
In Geometry, we have several undefined terms: point, line and plane.

UNDEFINED TERMS
TERM DESCRIPTION HOW TO NAME IT DIAGRAM
A point indicates a location You can represent a point by a
and has no size. dot and name it by a capital
letter, such as A.
A line is represented by a You can name a line by any two
´
straight path that extends in points on the line, such as AB
two opposite directions (read as “line AB”) or BA ´ , or by
without end and has no a single lowercase letter, such as
thickness. A line contains line l .
infinitely many points.
A plane is represented by a You can name a plane by a
flat surface that extends capital letter, such as plane P, or
without end and has no by at least three points in the
thickness. A plane contains plane that do not all lie on the
infinitely many lines. same line, such as plane ABC.

What’s More
Tell whether each of the following represents a point, a line, or a plane.
Example:
top of a box; plane
1. four corners of a room 3. cover of a book
2. side of a blackboard 4. tip of a pen

LESSON 2: Collinear and Coplanar

What is it
 What’s More
Use the figure on the right to name each of the following:
Example:
three collinear points: Points A,P,B; Points C,P,D; Points J,D,K
1. three noncollinear points
2. four coplanar points
3. four noncoplanar points

LESSON 3: Postulates about Points, Lines and Planes

What is it

POSTULATE 1
Through any two points there is exactly one line.

POSTULATE 2
´
If two distinct lines intersect, then they intersect in exactly one point. AE
´ intersect in point C.
and DB

POSTULATE 3
If two distinct planes intersect, then they intersect in exactly one line.
Plane W and plane R intersect in linel .

POSTULATE 4
Through any three noncollinear points there is exactly one plane. Points A,
B, and C are noncollinear. Plane P is the only plane that contains them.

What’s More
Determine what postulate is to be used to justify each of the following statements.
 Assessment

Directions: Read each question carefully. Write the correct answer on the answer sheet
provided.

1. It has no thickness, width, or depth, used to represent a flat surface that extends indefinitely in all
directions.
a. ray b. line c. plane d. point

For numbers 2-8, refer to the figure at the right.

2. Are points A and C collinear? Why?
a. Yes, because they lie on plane K.
b. Yes, because they lie on one line.
c. Yes, because they intersect at point C.
d. Yes, because they pass through plane K.

3. Are points A and B collinear? Why?

a. Yes, because point B lies on plane K.
b. Yes, because two points determine a line.
c. Yes, because they lie on plane K.
d. Yes, because the line intersects with the
plane at point B.

4. Which two points lie in plane K?

a. Points A and B.
b. Points A and C.
c. Points B and C.
d. Points A, B, and C.

5. How many lines do points A, B and C determine?

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

6. How many planes do points A, B and C determine?

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

7. What is the name of the plane in the figure?

a. B b. Plane B c. K d. Plane K

8. What is the line that intersects with the plane in the figure?
a. AC ´ b.⃗
AC c. AC ´
d. AC

9. Three ________ points determine a plane.

a. collinear c. intersecting
b. non-collinear d. non-intersecting

10. The star in the sky suggests the idea of ______.

a. point b. line c. plane d. point and plane

Answer Sheet
Name: __________________________________________________________

Grade & Section: ________________ Score: _______

Quarter 3 – Module 1

Lesson 1
What’s More
1.

2.

3.

4.

Lesson 2
What’s More
1.

2.

3.

Lesson 3 Assessment
What’s More 1. 6.
1.
2. 7.
2.
3. 8.
3.
4. 9.
4.
5. 10.
5.
 Answer Key

Quarter 3 - Module 1

Lesson 1

What’s More

1. Point
2. Line
3. Plane
4. Point

Lesson 2

What’s More

1. Points A,P,D; Points A,P,C; Points P,D,J and other combinations

2. Multiple answers (Any 4 point-combination except point J and point K.

3. Multiple answers (Any 4 point-combination that includes point J and point K.

Lesson 3 Assessment

What’s More 1. C 6. A

1. Postulate 4 2. B 7. D
2. Postulate 1 3. B 8. D
3. Postulate 1 4. C 9. B
4. Postulate 4 5. C 10. A
5. Postulate 3

References

Dilao, Soledad J, and Julieta G Bernabe. 2009. Geometry. Revised Edition. Quezon City: SD
Publications, Incorporated.
Argel, Analyn M. 2006. Math Digest Geometry. First Quarter. Paranaque City: Caneo Enterprises.
2013. Mathematics-Grade 8 Learner's Module. Pasig City: Department of Education.