PRSU

Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University, Prayagraj

Department of Higher Education

U.P. Government, Lucknow

National Education Policy-2020

Common Minimum Syllabus for all U.P. State Universities
Titles of the Papers in BA (Geography)

Course Theory/ Max.

Year Paper Paper Title Credits
Code Practical Marks

Paper-1 A110101T Physical Geography Theory 4 100

Elements of Map and

Paper-II A110102P Practical 1 100
Surveying
1
Paper-III A110201T Human Geography Theory 4 100

Thematic Mapping and

Paper-IV A110202P Practical 1 100
Surveying
Environment, Disaster
Paper-I A110301T Management and Climate Theory 4 100
Change
Statistical Techniques and
Paper-II A110302P Practical 1 100
2 Surveying

Paper-III A110401T Economic Geography Theory 4 100

Weather Maps, Geological

Paper-IV A110402P Practical 1 100
Maps and Surveying

Paper-I A110501T Regional Geography Theory 5 100

Basics of Remote Sensing

Paper-II A110502T Theory 4 100
and GIS

3 Paper-III A110503P Tour and Tour report Practical 1 100

Paper-V A110601T Geography of India Theory 5 100

Evolution of Geographical
Paper-VI A110602T Theory 4 100
Thoughts

Paper-VII A110603P Remote sensing and GIS Practical 1 100

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Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University, Prayagraj

Syllabus Developed by:

Sl. No. Name Department Designation College/University
Institute of Science, Banaras
Dr. Muraree Lal Associate
1. Meena
Geography Professor
Hindu University, Varanasi
(U.P.)-221005
Km. Mayawati Government
Lt. (Dr.) Meenakshi Assistant
2 Geography Girls P.G. College, Badalpur,
Lohani Professor
Gautam Buddha Nagar, U.P.
Assistant PPN PG College, Kanpur-
3 Dr. Kashif Imdad Geography
Professor 208001

Undergraduate Geography Programme

Semester-wise Course Curricula
Subject prerequisites: Open to all.
Program Outcome (After 3 Years)
• This course provides the basic ideas and concepts of Physical & Human aspect of
Geography.
• This course intends to orient the learner with the Approaches to the broader discipline
of Geography.
• It will help in developing analytical and critical thinking based on the themes and
issues of geography.
• It eventually prepares the students to understand the development of the subject and
delve around issues suited to the needs of the contemporary world.
• It will help in exhaustive understanding of the basic concepts of Geography and an
awareness of the emerging areas of the field.
• Acquisition of in-depth understanding of the applied aspects of Geography as well as
interdisciplinary subjects in everyday life.
• Improvement of critical thinking and skills facilitating.
• The application of knowledge gained in the field of Geography in the classroom to the
practical solving of societal problems.
• The programme orients students with tradition geographical knowledge along with
advance contemporary skills like remote sensing and GIS.
Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE)
Continuous internal evaluation will be performed by the teacher concerned.
Suggested Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) Methods (25 Marks):
• Seminar/Assignment on any topic of the above syllabus.
• Test with multiple choice questions / short and long answer questions.
• Quiz.

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Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University, Prayagraj

Format for developing syllabus for a course/paper

BA First Year

Programme: Year: First Paper-I

Certificate Subject: Geography
Paper Code: A110101T Paper Title: Physical Geography Theory
Course outcomes: Students will be able to understand
• The Earth geomorphic transition from beginning to present day.
• Plate tectonics and related movements
• Landforms carved by various agents of erosion
• Earth’s climate and that factors that influence it.
• Ocean system and biogeography of the world.
Max. Marks: 25+75 Credit: 4

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 4-0-0

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Nature and scope of physical geography, Origin of Universe,
I Solar system and earth, Geological time scale (with special 8
reference to evidence from India), Interior of the Earth.
Origin of continents and oceans, Isostasy, Earthquakes and
II volcanoes, Geosyncline, Continental drift theory, concept of 8
plate tectonics.

Rocks, folding, faulting, weathering, erosion, cycle of erosion by

III 8
Davis and Penk, Drainage Pattern.

IV Fluvial, Karst, Aeolian, Glacial, and coastal landforms 8

Composition and structure of atmosphere, Insolation,

V 8
Atmospheric pressure and winds.

Air masses and front, cyclones and anti-cyclones, humidity, 7

VI
precipitation and rainfall region.

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Ocean bottoms, composition of marine water-temperature and

VII salinity, Circulation of ocean water waves, Currents and tides, 7
Ocean deposits, Corals and Atoll.

Biosphere, biotic succession, Biome, Zoo-geographical regions

VIII 6
of the world.

Suggested Readings:
1. Singh, Savindra (2018), Physical Geography (Eng./Hindi) Allahabad, India: Prayag
Pustak 2. Huggett, R.J. (2007): Fundamentals of Geomorphology. New York, U.S.A.:
Routledge.
2. Khullar, D.R. (2012). Physical Geography. New Delhi. India: Kalyani Publishers.
3. Strahler, A. H. and Strahler, A N. (2001): Modern Physical Geography (4/E). New
York, U.S.A.: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
4. Thornbury, W. D. (2004): Principal of Geomorphology. New York, U.S.A.: Wiley.
5. Bloom, A. L. (2003). Geomorphology: A Systematic Analysis of Late Cenozoic
Landforms, New Delhi, India: Prentice-Hall of India

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B.A. First Year

Year: First Paper-II

Programme:
Certificate
Subject: Geography
Paper Code:
Paper Title: Elements of Map and Surveying Practical
A110102P

Course Learning Outcomes:

On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
● Understand the basic idea of Map, Scale and Topographic sheets

Max. Marks: 25+75 Credit: 1

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 1-0-0

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures

Cartography: Nature and scope, scale-concept and

I application; graphical construction of plain, comparative,
diagonal scale and Vernier scale.

Map Projection: Classification, properties and uses;

Graphical construction of polar Zenithal, Stereographic,
II
Bonne’s and Mercator’s Projections, and reference to
Universal Traverse Mercator (UTM) Projection.

Topographical Map: converge scale and topo symbol,

Interpretation survey of India Toposheet. Representation of
III
landforms by Contours. Slop analysis-Wentworth’s
method.

Basics of surveying: Surveying: meaning, classification,

IV
merits and demerits. Plane Table Surveying.

Suggested Readings:

1. Monkhouse, F. J. and Wilkinson, F.J. (1985): Maps and Diagrams. Methuen, London
2. Raisz, E. (1962): General Cartography. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 5th edition.

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3. Sarkar, A. K. (1997): Practical Geography: A Systematic Approach. Orient Longman,

Kolkata.
4. Sharma, J. P. (2001): Prayogik Bhugol., Rastogi Publication, Meerut 3rd. edition.
5. Singh, R.L. and Singh, Rana P.B. (1993): Elements of Practical Geography. (Hindi
and English editions). Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi,.
6. Singh, L.R. (2006): Fundamentals of Practical Geography, Sharda Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad.

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B.A. First year

Year: First Paper-III

Programme:
Certificate
Subject: Geography
Paper Code:
Paper: Human geography Theory
A110201T

Course Learning Outcomes:

On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
• To understand the Concept, Nature, Meaning and Scope of Human Geography
• To understand the natural and Cultural Changes in and around the Human Environs and
their interrelationship.

Max. Marks: 25+75 Credit: 4

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 4-0-0

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures

Concept and nature, meaning and scope of Human

I geography. Development of geographical understanding in
India with special reference to Puranas.

Man-environment relationship- Determinism, Possibilism

II
and Neo-determinism.

Distribution of population and world pattern, global

III migration-causes and consequences, concept of over
population and under population.

Human settlements, Origin, types (Rural-urban),

IV characteristics, House type and their distribution with
special reference to India.

Primitive economics-food gathering, Hunting, pastoral

V
herding, fishing, lumbering and primitive agriculture.

Cultural regions, cultural diffusion, Race, Religion and

VI
language.

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World Tribes: Eskimos, Kirghis, Bushman, Masai,

VII
Semang, Pygmies.

VIII Indian Tribes: Bhotias, Gaddis, Tharus, Bhil, Gond,

Suggested Readings:

1. Chisholm, M. (1985): Human Geography, 2nd edition, Penguin Books, London.

2. B N Singh (2019) Manav Bhugol ka Swaroop, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad
3. e Blij, H.J.(1996): Human Geography: Culture, Society and Space,. 2nd edition. John
Wiley and Sons, New York,
4. Haggett, P. (2004): Geography: A Modern Synthesis. 8th edition, Harper and Row,
New York.
5. Hussain, M. (1994): Human Geography, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
6. B N Singh (2021) Manav evam Arthik Bhugol, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad
7. Kaushik, S.D. and Sharma, A.K. (1996): Principles of Human Geography (in Hindi),
Rastogi Publication, Meerut.
8. Norton, W. (2008): Human Geography, Oxford University Press, New York. 5th ed.
9. Singh, K. N. and Singh, J. (2001): Manav Bhugol. Gyanodaya Prakashan, Gorakhpur.
2nd edition.
10. Singh, L.R. (2005): Fundamentals of Human Geography, Sharda Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad
11. Smith, D. M.(1977): Human Geography- A Welfare Approach, Edward Arnold
(Publishers) Ltd., London
12. Stoddard, R.H., Wishart, D.J. and Blouet, B.W. (1986): Human Geography. Prentice-
Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
13. B N Singh (2020) Samajik aur Sanskritik Bhugol, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad
14. Johnston, R. J., Gregory, D., Pratt, G. and Watts, M. (2009): The Dictionary of
Human Geography. 5th edition, Basil Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.
15. Ali, S. Muzafer (1966). Geography of the Puranas. New Delhi, People's Pub. House.

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B.A. First Year

Year: First Paper-IV

Programme:
Certificate Subject: Geography

Paper Code: A110202P Paper: Thematic Mapping and Surveying Practical

Course Learning Outcomes:

On completion of this course, learners will be able to:

• Understand the basic idea of Map, Scale and Topographic sheets

Max. Marks: 25+75 Credit: 1

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 0-0-1

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures

Maps- classification and types, Principles of map design.

I
Diagrammatic data Presentation-Line, Bar and circle.

Thematic Mapping Techniques-Properties, uses and limitations;

II Areal Data- Choropleth, Dot, Proportion Circles; Point Data-
Isopleth.

Cartographic Overlays-Point, Line and Areal data. Thematic

III
maps-Preparation and interpretation.

IV Instrumental Survey: Prismatic Compass.

Suggested Readings:

1. Monkhouse, F. J. and Wilkinson, F.J. (1985): Maps and Diagrams. Methuen, London
2. Raisz, E. (1962): General Cartography. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 5th edition.
3. Sarkar, A. K. (1997): Practical Geography: A Systematic Approach. Orient Longman,
Kolkata.
4. Sharma, J. P. (2001): Prayogik Bhugol., Rastogi Publication, Meerut 3rd. edition.
5. Singh, R.L. and Singh, Rana P.B. (1993): Elements of Practical Geography. (Hindi
and English editions). Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.

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6. Singh, L.R. (2006): Fundamentals of Practical Geography, Sharda Pustak Bhawan,

Allahabad.

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B.A. Second Year

Programme: Year: Second Paper-I

Diploma Subject: Geography
Paper Code: Paper Title: Environment, Disaster management and
Climate change Theory
A110301T
Course Outcomes:
Students will be able to understand
• The course aim is to give basic understanding of concept Environment, Climate Change
and Disaster Management.
• Understanding of the concept of appraisal and conservation of Environment and Natural
Resources.
• It will help in developing understanding about various Impacts of Climate Change.
• This course shall introduce the basic concepts related to disaster Management.
• This paper shall help in understanding Global effort in field of disaster management.
Max. Marks: 25+75 Credit: 4

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 4-0-0

Unit Topics No. of Lectures

Concepts & components of Environment, Ecology

I and ecosystem. Indian traditional Knowledge in
Environment and disaster Management.

Bio-diversity and its conservation, sustainable

II
development.

Deforestation, soil erosion, soil exhaustion,

III Desertification, Air pollution, water pollution
Disposal of solid waste.

Ganga Action Plan, Tiger project, Tehri dam &

IV
Narmada Valley project.

Science of Climate Change: Understanding Climate

V
Change; Green House Gases and Global Warming.

Global Climatic Assessment – IPCC, Impacts of

VI Climate Change, National Action Plan on Climate
Change.

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Disasters, Hazards, Risk, Vulnerability, Type of

VII Disasters, Disaster Management, Disaster 7 11
Management Cycle.

Flood, Drought, Cyclone, Earthquake, Tsunami,

VIII Landslide, Chemical and Nuclear Disasters. Do’s
and Don’ts During Disasters.

Suggested Readings:

1. Casper J.K. (2010). Changing Ecosystems: Effects of Global Warming. New York,
USA: Infobase Pub.
2. Hudson, T. (2011). Living with Earth: An Introduction to Environmental Geology.
Delhi, India: PHI Learning Private Limited.
3. Miller, G.T. (2007). Living in the Environment: Principal, Connections, and Solutions.
Belmont, Australia: Brooks/ Cole Cengage Learning.
4. Singh, R.B. (1993) Environmental Geography. Delhi, India: Heritage Publishers.
5. UNEP. (2007). Global Environment Outlook: GEO4: Environment For Development,
United Nations Environment Programme. UK: University Press, Cambridge.
6. Government of India. (2011). Disaster Management in India. Delhi, India: Ministry of
Home Affairs.
7. Singh, Savendra (2019) Pryavaran Bhugol, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad
8. Kapur, A. (2010). Vulnerable India: A Geographical Study of Disasters. Delhi, India:
Sage Publication.
9. Singh, Savendra (2019) Apada Prabandhan, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad. 10.
Ramkumar, M. (2009). Geological Hazards: Causes, Consequences and Methods of
Containment. New Delhi, India: New India Publishing Agency.
10. Climate Change: Understanding Climate Change; Green House Gases and Global
Warming; Global Climatic Assessment- IPCC
11. Climate Change and Vulnerability: Physical Vulnerability; Economic Vulnerability;
Social Vulnerability.
12. Impact of Climate Change: Agriculture and Water; Flora and Fauna; Human Health
13. Adaptation and Mitigation: Global Initiatives with Particular Reference to South Asia.
14. The Climate Change Policy Framework: Global Initiatives UNFCCC and COPs;
National and Local Action Plan on Climate Change.
15. Government of India. (2008). Vulnerability Atlas of India. New Delhi, India: Building
Materials & Technology Promotion Council, Ministry of Urban Development,
Government of India
16. Modh, S. (2010). Managing Natural Disaster: Hydrological, Marine and Geological
Disasters. Delhi, India: Macmillan.
17. Bansal SC,(2020) Jalvayu vigyan evam Samudra Vigyan, Meenakshi Publication,
Meerut.
18. Bansal SC,(2019) Prayavarn ek adhyan, Meenakshi Publication, Meerut

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BA Second Year

Year: Second Paper-II

Programme:
Diploma Subject: Geography

Paper Code:
Paper Title: Statistical Techniques and Surveying Practical
A110302P
Course Learning Outcomes:
On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
• To differentiate between qualitative and quantitative information.
• To understand the nature of various data.
• To understand sampling methods for data collection.
• To present data through graphical and diagrammatic formats.
• To use the concept of probability mainly the normal distribution.
Max. Marks: 25+75 Credit: 1

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 0-0-1

Unit Topics No. of Lectures

Use of Data in Geography: Significance of Statistical
I Methods in Geography; Sources of Data, Scales of
Measurement (Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio)

Tabulation and Descriptive Statistics: Frequency

Distribution Table, Cross Tabulation, Graphical
Presentation of Data (Bar diagram, Histograms, Frequency
Curve and Cumulative Frequency Curves), Measurement of
II
Central Tendencies (Mean, Median and Mode),
Measurement of Partitions (Deciles, Quartiles and
Percentiles), Dispersion (Standard Deviation, Variance and
Coefficient of Variation)

Sampling: Probability sampling, non-probability sampling.

III Correlation: Rank Correlation and Product Moment
Correlation.

IV Instrumental Survey: Sextant

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Suggested Readings:
1. Berry B. J. L. and Marble D. F. (eds.): Spatial Analysis – A Reader in Geography.
2. Ebdon D., 1977: Statistics in Geography: A Practical Approach.
3. Davis, R.E. and Foote, F.S. (1953): Surveying, 4th edition, McGraw Hill 14
Publication, New York
4. Sharma, JP (2001) Prayogik Bhugol, Rastogi Publication, Meerut
5. Hammond P. and McCullagh P. S., 1978: Quantitative Techniques in Geography: An
Introduction, Oxford University Press.
6. Sharma, PM, (2009) Bhugol Me sankhkiya Vidhyan, Rajasthan Granth Accademy,
Jaipur
7. Bansal SC, (2020) Shodh vidhitantra va sankhikiya Vishyan, RK Books Publication,
New Delhi.
8. King L. S., 1969: Statistical Analysis in Geography, Prentice-Hall.
9. Mahmood A., 1977: Statistical Methods in Geographical Studies, Concept.
10. Pal S. K., 1998: Statistics for Geoscientists, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
11. Sarkar, A. (2013) Quantitative geography: techniques and presentations. Orient Black
Swan Private Ltd., New Delhi
12. Silk J., 1979: Statistical Concepts in Geography, Allen and Unwin, London.
13. Spiegel M. R.: Statistics, Schaum's Outline Series.
14. Yeats M., 1974: An Introduction to Quantitative Analysis in Human Geography,
McGraw Hill, New York.

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B.A. Second Year

Year: Second Paper-III

Programme:
Diploma Subject: Geography

Paper Code:
Paper Title: Economic Geography Theory
A110401T
Course Learning Outcomes:
On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
• Define Meaning, concepts and approaches of Economic Geography
• Understand the nature of Economic activities, Resource Distribution
• Understand the Effect of globalization on developing countries.
Max. Marks: 25+75 Credit: 4

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 4-0-0

Unit Topics No. of Lectures

Meaning, concepts and approaches of Economic
I Geography; agricultural region of the world (Derwent
Whittlesey).

Resource: meaning, concept and classification. Spatial

II
organization of economic activities.

Economic organization of space, Forestry, fishing and

III
mining activities

Agricultural typologies, agricultural land use model (J.H.

IV
Von Thunen)

Types of industries; Factors of location of industries; iron

V and steel industry, cotton textiles and sugar; Theory of
industrial location (Alfred Weber).

World transportation: Sea routes and major trans-

VI
continental railways.

VII WTO and International trade: Patterns and trends

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VIII Effect of globalization on developing countries

Suggested Readings:

1. B. N. Singh (2021) Manav evam Arthik Bhugol, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad

2. Bryson, J., Henry, N., Keeble, D. and Martin, R. (eds.) (1999): The Economic
Geography Reader: Producing and Consuming Global Capitalism. John Wiley and
Sons, Inc, New York.
3. Clark,G. L., Gertler, M. S. and Feldman, M. P. (eds.) (2000): The Oxford Handbook
of Economic Geography. Oxford University Press, USA. 16
4. Coe, N. (2007): Economic Geography: A Contemporary Introduction. Blackwell
Publishers, Inc., Massachusetts.
5. Gautam, A. (2006): Aarthik Bhugol Ke Mool Tattava, Sharda Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad.
6. Guha, J. S. and Chattoraj, P.R. (2002): A New Approach to Economic Geography: A
Study of Resources. The World Press Private Limited, Kolkata.
7. Hanink, D. M. (1997): Principles and Applications of Economic Geography:
Economy, Policy, Environment. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York.
8. Hartshorne, T. A. and Alexander, J. W. (1988): Economic Geography (3rd revised
edition) Englewood Cliff, New Jersey, Prentice Hall
9. Hudson, R. (2005): Economic Geographies: Circuits, Flows and Spaces. Sage
Publications, London.
10. Knowles, R, Wareing, J. (2000): Economic and Social Geography Made Simple,
Rupa and Company, New Delhi.
11. Sokal, Martin 2011. Economic Geographics of Globalisation: A short Introduction.
Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
12. Alexander, J. W. (1988): Economic Geography. Prentice-Hall, New Delhi,

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B.A. Second Year

Programme: Year: Second Paper-IV

Diploma Subject: Geography
Paper Title: Weather Maps, Geological
Paper Code: A110402P Practical
Maps and Surveying

Course outcomes:
Students will be able to understand
• Identify the various Survey Operations and Survey Instruments
• To understand the idea of Basic and applied Instrumental surveying

Max. Marks: 75+25 Credit: 1

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 0-0-1

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Weather Maps, Study and Interpretation of Weather Map,
I
Weather Forecasting.

Geological Maps: Types, Signs, Bed and Bedding plane, Rock

II
Outcrop, Dip, Strike etc. Construction of Geological Sections

Instrumental Survey: Indian Clinometer

III

Instrumental Survey: Theodolite

IV

Suggested Readings:

1. Sharma, JP (2001) Prayogik Bhugol, Rastogi Publication, Meerut

2. Jones, P.A. (1968): Fieldwork in Geography, Longmans, Green and Company Ltd.,
First Publication, London
3. Kanetker, T.P. and Kulkarni, S.V. (1967): Surveying and Levelling, Vol I and II V.G.
Prakashan, Poona.
4. Natrajan, V. (1976): Advanced Surveying, B.I. Publications., Mumbai.
5. Pugh, J.C. (1975): Surveying for Field Scientists, Methuen and Company Ltd.,
London, First Publication.
6. Punmia, B.C. (1994): Surveying, Vol I, Laxmi Publications Private Ltd, New Delhi.
7. Shephard, F.A. (1968): Surveying Problems and Solutions, Edward Arnold
(Publishers) Ltd, London

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8. Singh, R.L. and Singh, Rana P.B. (1993): Elements of Practical Geography. (Hindi
and English editions), Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana and New Delhi.
9. Venkatramaiah, C. (1997): A Text Book of Surveying, Universities Press,
Hyderabad.
10. Davis, R.E. and Foote, F.S. (1953): Surveying, 4th edition, McGraw Hill Publication,
New York

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B. A. Third Year

Year: Third Paper-I

Programme:
Degree Subject: Geography

Paper Code: A110501T Paper Title: Regional Planning Theory

Course outcomes: Students will be able to understand

• To understand the concept of Region and Regional Planning

• To familiarize the students with Theories and Models for Regional Planning.
• To develop understanding about concept of Development, Sustainable Development and
Multi level planning.

Max. Marks: 75+25 Credit: 5

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 5-0-0

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures

Definition of Region, Evolution and objectives of regional

I
planning. Planning practices in Ancient India.

Types of Regional planning, Formal, Functional, and

II
Planning Regions

III Delimitations of Region and Regional Planning.

Theories and Models for Regional Planning: Growth Pole

IV Model of Perroux; Myrdal, Hirschman, Rostow and
Friedmann.
Sustainable Development, Concept of Development and
V
Under development.

Efficiency-Equity Debate: Definition, Components and

VI
Sustainability for Development.

VII Indicators (Economic, Social and Environmental).

Need for regional planning in India, Five Year Plans and

VIII
Regional Planning, multi-level planning in India.

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Suggested Readings:

1. Agyeman, Julian, Robert, D. Bullard and Bob,Evans. (Eds.) (2003). Just Sustainability’s:
Development in an Unequal World. London: Earthscan. (Introduction and conclusion.).
2. Anand, Subhash., (2011). Ecodevelopment: Glocal Perspectives. New Delhi, India:
Research India Press.
3. Misra, R. P., Sundaram, K.V., and Rao, V.L.S. (1974). Regional Development planning in
India. Delhi, India: Vikas Publishing House.
4. Singh, M B, () Pradeshik Vikas Niyogan, Tara Book Agency, Varanasi.
5. Peet, R. (1999). Theories of Development. New York, USA: The Guilford Press.
6. Berry, BJ.L. and Horton, F.F. (1970): Geographic Perspectives on Urban Systems.
Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
7. Bhat L.S. (1972): Regional Planning In India, Statistical Publishing Society
8. Blij H. J. De, 1971: Geography: Regions and Concepts, John Wiley and Sons.
9. Kulshetra ,S.K,( 2012) : Urban and Regional Planning in India : A hand book for
Professional Practioners , Sage Publication , New Delhi
10. Kundu, A. (1992): Urban Development Urban Research in India, Khanna Publ.New
Delhi.
11. Misra , R.P, Sundaram K.V, PrakashRao , VLS( 1974): Regional Development Planning
in India , Vikas Publication , New Delhi.
12. Misra, R.P (1992): Regional Planning: Concepts , techniques , Policies and Case Studies ,
Concept , New Delhi
13. Friedmann, J. and Alonso W. (1975). Regional Policy - Readings in Theory and
Applications. Massachusetts, USA: MIT Press.

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B. A. Third Year

Program: Year: Third Paper-II

Degree Subject: Geography

Paper Code: A110502T Paper Title: Basics of Remote Sensing and GIS Theory

Course Learning Outcomes:

On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
• Understand the Basic idea and application of Remote sensing Techniques and
Geographical Information System.
Max. Marks: 25+75 Credits: 4

Total No. of Lectures - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week): 4-0-0

Unit Topics No. of Lectures

Remote Sensing: Meaning, Definition, and Scope;

I
Historical Development.
EMR Characteristics, spectral regions and bands. Stages or
II
Process of Remote Sensing.
Remote sensing satellites: Platform and sensors.
III
Resolution: Spatial, Spectral, Temporal, Radiometric
Resolution. Types of Satellites.
Remote Sensing data processing and applications: Visual
IV
and digital image processing techniques.
Remote Sensing applications in Urban Planning,
V
Agriculture, Forestry, Land use/Land cover Mapping,
Oceanic Studies and Disaster Management.
VI Introduction to GIS: Definition, and development of GIS,
Elements of GIS.
VII Elements and types of spatial data; Rster and vector data
structure.

VIII Projections, Coordinate system, Datum, Geo-referencing.

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Suggested Readings:

1. Choniyal, D D, (2016) Sudur Samvaden evam Bhogolic Suchna Pranali ke sighant,

Sharda Pustak Bhavan, Allahabad.
2. Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W. (2000): Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. 4th
edition. John Wiley and Sons, New York
3. Campbell, J.B. (2002): Introduction to Remote Sensing. 5th edition, Taylor and Francis,
London Bhatta, B. (2010): Remote Sensing and GIS, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi.
4. Nag Prithvish and Kudrat M. (1998): Digital Remote Sensing, Concept Publishing
Company, New Delhi
5. Curran, P.J. (1985): Principles of Remote Sensing, Longman, London.

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B.A. Third Year

Program: Year: Third Paper-III
Degree
Subject: Geography

Paper Code: A110503P Pape Title: Tour and Tour Report Practical

Course Learning Outcomes

On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
• The variation among geographical locations.
• Interaction with people with different natural and cultural settings.
• Study physical and human geography of area being visited.
• Learn to prepare tour report.
Max. Marks: 25+75 Credits: 1

Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): 0-0-1

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
How to prepare Field Book, steps and methods for preparing
Tour report, Methodology for Research in Field Trip, Various
I aspects of study in Field Trip, Preparation of Surveying in
Field Trip. (30 lectures shall be taken before and during field
trip)
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods:
The following shall be the guidelines and structure of educational tour;

Geographical Excursion Committee

1. All faculty members shall organize geographical excursion as ‘tour in-charge’ in rotation
according to departmental seniority list.
2. There shall be Geographical Excursion Committee headed by HOD in University and
Principal in colleges. Tour in-charge shall act as convener of committee and shall convene
a meeting at the beginning of session or semester. All other teachers of department shall
be member of committee. Four/Five meritorious students based on last available
examination result shall be invited by the tour in-charge to participate in meeting as
members of committee.
3. Committee shall:
• Review the tour plan.
• Confirm that all arrangements shall be made in advance before tour departure. 24
• Listen to the opinion of students and give recommendations to tour in-charge accordingly.
• Review academic nature of tour and evaluate day wise tour plan and academic activity as
submitted by Tour in-charge.

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Structure of the tour party

1. For 20 or less than 20 students one faculty member with one non teaching staff shall
accompany the Tour party. For 21 to 50 students two faculty members with one non-
teaching staff shall accompany the Tour party. If two faculty members are required for
tour, second faculty member shall be selected on the recommendation of tour in-charge. If
students are more than 50 then a separate tour batch shall be constituted in same manner.
2. If female students are also participating in tour and tour in-charge, accompany other
faculty member or non-teaching staff none are female then one female attended (Female
faculty member from Geography or any other departments/female non-teaching staff)
shall accompany with tour party.
3.
Responsibility of tour in-charge
1. Tour shall at least of 6 days stay at location with inter region variation.
2. Tour in-charge shall submit tentative day wise activity report in advance to HOD in
University and Principal in colleges.
3. Tour in-charge shall coordinate with Institutes/Colleges/ Universities/Research institutes
etc in location where tour is being planned for following activities like; a) Interaction of
students. b) Lectures on various local physical and cultural attributes of the area by the
experts. c) Local visit with faculty members having academic understanding of the area.
4. Lectures by tour in-charge on physical and human characteristics of area being visited for
educational tour.
5. Survey with students with at least one instrument like Dumpy Level, Sextant, Theodolite,
GPS etc.
6. Questionnaire survey on various socio-cultural or any other aspects. Questionnaire must
be prepared in advance and shall be shared during Geographical Excursion Committee
meeting.
7. Tour in-charge shall collect undertaking from all students which shall be counter signed
by their guardian.
8. Tour in-charge will prepare list of students accompanying the tour with their information
like mobile number, address, guardian contact information and one recent color photo.
One copy will also be submitted to the head in universities and Principal in colleges.
9. Teacher shall always try to minimize tour expenditure of students by; a) Using
concession train reservation and avoiding buses if possible. b) Making stay arrangements
of students in advance in youth hostels/lodges/guest 25 house etc. c) Try to visit few
important locations only with objective of spot study and avoiding unnecessary travel for
sightseeing.
10. After the completion of tour there shall be presentation by students regarding learning
outcomes and experiences under the supervision of tour in-charge. Presentation shall be
attended by Geographical Excursion Committee members along with other faculty
members, staff, students etc.
11. All students shall submit tour report under supervision of Tour in-charge for evaluation.
Tour report shall portray all activities conducted and places visited for the purposes of

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study.
12. In case of any incident/injury where one or more than one student can’t join tour party in
return journey. One teaching/non-teaching staff member shall stay with student until
student’s guardian arrives or alternative arrangement is not made by the college. In case
tour in-charge stays the other teacher/staff member shall act as tour in-charge for
remaining tour period according to seniority.

Exemption of Students from Tour

1. Tour can be exempted in very special circumstances on recommendation of tour incharge
and head (in university) or Principal (in colleges). Exempted students will prepare local
tour report based on his/her own local tour visits. Report shall be prepared under
supervision of tour in-charge.

TA, DA and other expenses

1. The TA, DA and other expenses of teachers and attendants shall be met out by college as
admissible to their cadre as per government rules.

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 PRSU

B. A. Third Year

Program: Year: Third Paper-V

Degree Subject: Geography

Course Code: A110601T Course Title: Geography of India Theory

Course Learning Outcomes

On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
• Understand the importance of “Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat”
• Understand the wider aspects of Geography of India.

Max. Marks: 25+75 Credits: 5

Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): 5-0-0

Unit Topics No. of Lectures

Space relationship of India with neighbouring countries; Structure
I and relief; Drainage system and watersheds; Physiographic
regions; Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat: A Geographical Prospective.
Mechanism of Indian monsoons and rainfall patterns, Tropical
II cyclones, and western disturbances; Floods and droughts; Climatic
regions; Natural vegetation; Soil types and their distributions.
Resources: Land, surface and groundwater, energy, minerals,
III biotic and marine resources; Forest and wildlife resources and
their conservation; Energy crisis Resolution.
Industry: Evolution of industries; Locational factors of industries;
Industrial houses and complexes including public sector
IV undertakings; Industrial regionalization; New industrial policies;
Special Economic Zones; Tourism including eco-tourism.
Cultural Setting: Historical Perspective of Indian Society; Racial,
V linguistic and ethnic diversities; religious minorities; major tribes,
tribal areas, and their problems; cultural regions.
Population: Growth, distribution, and density of population;
Demographic attributes: sex-ratio, age structure, literacy rate,
VI work-force, dependency ratio, longevity; migration (inter-regional,
intraregional and international) and associated problems;
Population problems and policies; Health indicators.
Agriculture: Infrastructure: irrigation, seeds, fertilizers, power;
Institutional factors: landholdings, land tenure, and land reforms;
VII Cropping pattern, agricultural Productivity, agricultural intensity,
crop combination, land capability; Agro-forestry and social-
forestry; Green revolution and its socio-economic and ecological

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 PRSU

implications.

Settlements: Types, patterns and morphology of rural settlements;

Urban developments; Morphology of Indian cities; Functional
VIII classification of Indian cities; Conurbations and metropolitan
regions; urban sprawl; Slums and associated problems; town
planning; Problems of urbanization and remedies.
Suggested Readings:

1. Chauhan, P.R. and Prasad, M. (2003): Bharat Ka Vrihad Bhugol, Vasundhara Prakashan,
Gorakhpur.
2. Farmer, B.H. (1983): An Introduction to South Asia. Methuen, London
3. Gautam, A. (2006): Advanced Geography of India, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad
4. Johnson, B.L.C. (1963): Development in South Asia. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth
5. Krishnan, M.S. (1982): Geology of India and Burma, CAS Publishers and Distributors,
Delhi.
6. Bansal SC, (2018) Bharat Ka Bhugol, Meenakshi Publication, New Delhi, Meerut.
7. Nag, P. and Gupta, S. S. (1992): Geography of India, Concept Publishing Company, New
Delhi.
8. Rao, B.P. (2007): Bharat kee Bhaugolik Sameeksha, Vasundhara Prakashan, Gorakhpur.
9. Sharma, T.C. and Coutinho, O. (2003): Economic and Commercial Geography of India,
Vikas Publishing House Private Ltd. New Delhi.
10. Singh, J. (2003): India: A Comprehensive Systematic Geography. Gyanodaya Prakashan,
Gorakhpur
11. Singh, J. (2001): Bharat: Bhougolik Aadhar Avam Ayam, Gyanodaya Prakashan,
Gorakhpur. (Hindi)
12. Singh, R.L. (ed.) (1971): India: A Regional Geography. National Geographical Society of
India, Varanasi.
13. Spate, O.H. K., Learmonth A. T. A. and Farmer, B. H. (1996): India, Pakistan and Sri
Lanka. Methuen, London, 7th edition.
14. SukhwaI, B.L. (1987): India: Economic Resource Base and Contemporary Political
Patterns. Sterling Publication, New Delhi
15. Tiwari, R.C. (2007): Geography of India, Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
16. Wadia, D. N. (1959): Geology of India. Mac-Millan and Company, London and student
edition, Madras
17. Khullar, D.R. (2007): India: A Comprehensive Geography, Kalyani Publishers, New
Delhi.

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 PRSU

B. A. Third Year

Program: Year: Third Paper-VI

Degree
Subject: Geography

Course Title: Evolution of Geographical

Course Code: A110602T Theory
Thought
Course Learning Outcomes
On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
• Understand the contribution of Indian and other renowned Geographers
• Understand the concept of evolution of Geographical Thought.
Max. Marks: 25+75 Credits: 4

Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): 4-0-0

Unit Topics No. of Lectures

I Contribution of Indian Geographers in Ancient India.

Early Origins of Geographical Thinking, Concepts of

II distributions; relationships, interactions, area differentiation
and spatial organization in Geography.
Dualisms in geography; systematic & Regional geography,
III physical & human geography, Systematic and with regional
geography. The myth and reality about dualisms.
Contribution of Greek & Roman geographers in ancient
IV
world.
Contribution of Arab geographers in Middle Ages,
V Renaissance period in Europe. Renowned travellers and their
geographical discoveries.
German school of thought - Kant, Humboldt, Ritter,
VI Richthofen, Ratzel, Hettner French school of thought -
Contribution of Blache & Brunhes.
Soviet geographers, American school - Contribution of
VII Sample, Huntington & Carl Sauer. British school -
Contribution of Mackinder, Herbertson & L.D. Stamp.
Paradigms in Geography, Thomas Kuhn theory about the
VIII growth and development of science. Application of Kuhn
Model in Geography.

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 PRSU

Suggested Readings:

1. Ali, S.M. (1960): Arab Geography, Institute of Islamic Studies, Aligarh Muslim
University, Aligarh, First Edition.
2. Daniel, P., Bradshaw, M., Shaw, D. and Sidaway, J. (2000): Human Geography. Issues
for the 21stCentury. Prentice Hall, London.
3. Diddee, J. (ed.) (1990): Indian Geography, Institute of Indian Geographers, Pune 4 first
edition.
4. Dikshit, R. D. (2003): Geographical Thought. A Critical History of Ideas. Prentice-Hall of
India, New Delhi. (in English and Hindi).
5. Dube, B. (1967): Geographical Concepts in Ancient India, National Geographical Society
of India,Varanasi
6. Getice, A., Getis, J. and Fellman, J. D. (2007): Introduction to Geography. 10th Edition.
McGraw Hill, New York
7. Hartshorne, R. (1959): Perspective on the Nature of Geography, John Murray, London
8. Harvey, D. (1969): Explanations in Geography. Arnold, London
9. Holt-Jensen, A. (1980): Geography: Its History and Concepts. Harper and Row
Publishers, London.
10. Husain, Majid. (2002): Evolution of Geographical Thought, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
11. Johnston, R., Gregory, D., Pratt, G., Watts, M. and Whatmore, S. (2003): The Dictionary
of Human Geography. Blackwell Publishers, Oxford. 5th edition.
12. Johnston, R. and Sidaway, J.D. (2004): Geography and Geographers: Anglo- American
Human Geography Since 1945, Arnold Publishers, London.
13. Rawling, E. and Daugherty, R. (eds.) (2005): Geography into the Twenty-first Century.
2nd edition. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester.
14. Taylor, G. (ed.) (1953): Geography in the Twentieth Century. Methuen and Company,
London.

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B. A. Third Year

Program: Year: Third Paper-VII

Degree
Subject: Geography

Paper Title: Remote sensing and GIS

Paper Code: A110603P Practical

Course Learning Outcomes

On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
• Understand and Conceptualize Remote Sensing and GIS Technique
• Understand the use of various image processing Software
• Basic idea of Geographical Information System

Max. Marks: 25+75 Credits: 1

Total No. of Lectures-Tutorials-Practical (in hours per week): 0-0-1

No. of
Unit Topics
Lectures
Overview of image processing & GIS Packages (Including
I open-source Software’s). – ARC GIS, ERDAS, MAP INFO,
ILWIS, GEOMEDIA, IDRISI, GRASS, SAGA, QGIS.
Creation of Shape File in GIS Software’s. Coordinate system
and projections in GIS Software’s. GIS Data Structures:
II
Types (spatial and Non-spatial), Raster and Vector Data
Structure.
Geo-Referencing of Maps. Creation of Point, Line and
Polygon Files and features. Preparation of Maps with Legend,
III
Scale, North Arrow etc and Export of Map in various
Formats.
Downloading of Remote sensing Images from various online
platforms (like Bhuvan, USGS, ASF, Copernicus etc). Land
IV
use Classification (Supervised and Unsupervised) using
downloaded images and GIS Packages.

Suggested Readings:

1. Curran, P.J. (1985): Principles of Remote Sensing, Longman, London

2. Chaunial, D. D. (2004): Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System(in
Hindi), Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad
3. Cracknell, A. and Ladson, H. (1990): Remote Sensing Year Book. Taylor and
Francis, London.
4. Curran, P.J. (1985): Principles of Remote Sensing. Longman, London.

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 PRSU

5. Deekshatulu, B.L. and Rajan, Y.S. (ed.) (1984): Remote Sensing. Indian Academy of
Science, Bangalore.
6. Floyd, F. and Sabins, Jr. (1986): Remote Sensing: Principles and Interpretation. W.H.
Freeman, New York. 33
7. Gautam, N.C. and Raghavswamy, V. (2004). Land Use/ Land Cover and
Management Practices in India. B.S. Publication., Hyderabad.
8. Jensen, J.R. (2004): Remote Sensing of the Environment: An Earth Resource
Perspective. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. Indian reprint available.
9. Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W. (2000): Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation.
John Wiley and Sons, New York.
10. Nag, P. (ed.) (1992): Thematic Cartography and Remote Sensing. Concept Publishing
Company, New Delhi.
11. Rampal, K.K. (1999): Handbook of Aerial Photography and Interpretation. Concept
Publishing. Company, New Delhi.
12. Campell, J. B. (2003): Introduction to Remote Sensing. 4th edition. Taylor and
Francis, London.

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