AWS interview questions:

1. What is daemon process? example. explain its behaviour?

- Daemon is long running background process that answers requests for services.The term
originated with unix,but most os use daemons in some form or another.
In unix,the name of daemons conventionally end in "d".some eg..include
inetd,httpd,nfsd,sshd,named nd ipd.
2. How to move file from local machine to remote server using command line in linux?
--To copy files from a local system to a remote server or remote server to a local system,we can
use the command 'scp'.
SCP stands for "secure copy' and it is a command used for copying files through the terminal.
We can use 'scp'in Linux,windows and mac.
3. What is the diffrence between Monolythic and Microservices?
Monolithic archietecture is built as one large system and is usually one code-base.
A microservices architecture however is where an app is built as a suite of small services,each
with their own code-base.
4. What is elastic IP?.
Elastic IP is mapping static IP(unique IP) address to your ec2 instance. By default when
you create EC2 instance, Amazon will assign dynamic IP(change when you reboot the ec2
instance).When you require static IP for your instance in that case you can choose Elastic IP.
To use an Elastic IP address, you first allocate one to your account, and then associate
it with your instance or a network interface. To ensure efficient use of Elastic IP addresses, we
impose a small hourly charge if an Elastic IP address is not associated with a running instance,
or if it is associated with a stopped instance or an unattached network interface.
5.What is EC2?
Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) is a web service interface that provides resizable compute
capacity in the AWS cloud. It is designed for developers to have complete control over web-
scaling and computing resources.
EC2 instances can be resized and the number of instances scaled up or down as per our
requirement. These instances can be launched in one or more geographical locations or
regions, and Availability Zones (AZs). Each region comprises of several AZs at distinct locations,
connected by low latency networks in the same region.
6.Explain Elastic Block Storage?
Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) is an easy to use, high-performance, block-storage service
designed for use with Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) for both throughput and transaction
intensive workloads at any scale. A broad range of workloads, such as relational and non-
relational databases, enterprise applications, containerized applications, big data analytics
engines, file systems, and media workflows are widely deployed on Amazon EBS.
7.How does Elastic Load Balancer work?
A load balancer accepts incoming traffic from clients and routes requests to its registered
targets (such as EC2 instances) in one or more Availability Zones. It then resumes routing traffic
to that target when it detects that the target is healthy again.
8.What is S3?What is it used for?
Amazon Simple Storage Service is storage for the Internet. It is designed to make web-scale
computing easier for developers. Amazon S3 has a simple web services interface that you can
use to store and retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the web.
It is used for:
industry-leading scalability, data availability, security, and performance.
9.What is Lambda in Amazon EC2?
AWS Lambda is a responsive cloud service that inspects actions within the application and
responds by deploying the user-defined codes, known as functions. It automatically manages
the compute resources across multiple availability zones and scales them when new actions are
triggered.It supports the code written in Java, Python and Node.js, and the service can launch
processes in languages supported by Amazon Linux
10.What is the difference between terminating and stopping an EC2 instance?
Terminate Instance- When you terminate an EC2 instance, the instance will be shutdown and
the virtual machine that was provisioned for you will be permanently taken away and you will
no longer be charged for instance usage. Any data that was stored locally on the instance will
be lost. Any attached EBS volumes will be detached and deleted. However, if you attach an EBS
Snapshot to an instance at boot time, the default option in the Dashboard is to delete the
attached EBS volume upon termination.
Stop Instance- When you stop an EC2 instance, the instance will be shutdown and the virtual
machine that was provisioned for you will be permanently taken away and you will no longer be
charged for instance usage. The key difference between stopping and terminating an instance is
that the attached bootable EBS volume will not be deleted. The data on your EBS volume will
remain after stopping while all information on the local (ephemeral) hard drive will be lost as
usual. The volume will continue to persist in its availability zone. Standard charges for EBS
volumes will apply.
11.What is auto-scaling?
Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling helps you maintain application availability and allows you to
automatically add or remove EC2 instances according to conditions you define. Dynamic scaling
responds to changing demand and predictive scaling automatically schedules the right number
of EC2 instances based on predicted demand.
19. What is the boot time for an instance store backed instance ?
The boot time for a store backed instance in Amazon EBS-backed AMI is less than 1 minute
whereas for Amazon instances store backed AMI is less than 5 minutes usually.
20. Differentiate between vertical and horizontal scaling in AWS.
Horizontal Scaling helps to change the number of nodes without changing the size whereas in
Vertical Scaling the size, computing power are increased in AWS.
21. What is the total number of buckets that can be created in AWS by default ?
100 buckets can be created in AWS by default .Additional buckets can be added up to a
maximum of 1,000 buckets with some limitations.
22. Differentiate between Amazon RDS, Redshift and Dynamo DB.
Amazon Redshift is a completely managed data warehouse service whereas dynamo DB is a
NoSQL database offered as a service and Amazon RDS focus on relational database.
27. How To Use Amazon Sqs?
The Amazon Sqs can be used by creating a queue followed by sending message and can be used
followed by deleting the queue.
30. What are the different types of cloud services?
The three main service models of cloud computing are Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS),
Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS).
40.What is Geo Restriction in CloudFront?
Geo Restriction is a new feature to restrict access to content on the basis of geographic location
of the viewers. The content can be delivered by choosing the countries using Geo Restriction.
41) In VPC with private and public subnets, database servers should ideally be launched into
which subnet?
With private and public subnets in VPC, database servers should ideally launch into private
subnets.
84) What are key-pairs in AWS?
Key-pairs are secure login information for your virtual machines. To connect to the instances,
you can use key-pairs which contain a public-key and private-key.
86) Is the property of broadcast or multicast supported by Amazon VPC?
No, currently Amazon VPI not provide support for broadcast or multicast.
87) How many Elastic IPs is allows you to create by AWS?
5 VPC Elastic IP addresses are allowed for each AWS account.
88) Explain default storage class in S3
The default storage class is a Standard frequently accessed.
89) What are the Roles?
Roles are used to provide permissions to entities which you can trust within your AWS account.
Roles are very similar to users. However, with roles, you do not require to create any username
and password to work with the resources.
92) Explain snowball
Snowball is a data transport option. It used source appliances to a large amount of data into
and out of AWS. With the help of snowball, you can transfer a massive amount of data from
one place to another. It helps you to reduce networking costs.
95) What is meant by subnet?
A large section of IP Address divided into chunks is known as subnets.
96) Can you establish a Peering connection to a VPC in a different region?
Yes, we can establish a peering connection to a VPC in a different region. It is called inter-region
VPC peering connection.
97) What is SQS?
Simple Queue Service also known as SQS. It is distributed queuing service which acts as a
mediator for two controllers.
98) How many subnets can you have per VPC?
You can have 200 subnets per VPC.
99) DNS and Load Balancer service comes under which type of cloud service?
DNS and Load Balancer and DNS services come under IAAS-storage cloud service.
100) What is the role of AWS CloudTrail?
CloudTrail is a specially designed tool for logging and tracking API calls. It helps to audit all S3
bucket accesses.
101) When EC2 officially launched?
EC2 officially launched in the year 2006.
102) What is SimpleDB?
SimpleDB is a data repository of structure record which encourages data doubts and indexing
both S3 and EC2are called SimpleDB.
103) Explain Amazon ElasticCache
Amazon Elasticcache is a web service which makes it easy to deploy, scale and store data in the
cloud.
109) What is boot time taken for the instance stored backed AMI?
The boot time for an Amazon instance store-backend AMI is less than 5 minutes.
110) Do you need an internet gateway to use peering connections?
Yes, the Internet gateway is needed to use VPC (virtual private cloud peering) connections.
4) What are the different types of Load Balancer in AWS services?
Two types of Load balancer are:
Application Load Balancer
Classic Load Balancer
30.What is SNS?
Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) is a fully managed messaging service
for both application-to-application (A2A) and application-to-person (A2P) communication.
31.What is SQS?
Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) is a fully managed message queuing service, where
you can send, store, and receive messages between software components at any volume,
without losing messages or requiring other services to be available
9) What are various layers of Cloud Architecture explained in AWS training?
Different layers of cloud architecture are:
Cloud controller
Cluster controller
Storage Controller
Node Controller
10) What are the storage class available in Amazon s3?
Storage classes available with Amazon s3 are:
Amazon S3 standard
Amazon S3 standard-infrequent Access
Amazon S3 Reduced Redundancy Storage
Amazon Glacier
11) Name some of the DB engines which can be used in AWS RDS
MS-SQL DB
MariaDB
MYSQL DB
OracleDB
PostgreDB
12.What is the main purpose to have a IAM user?
The main purpose of IAM Users is that they can sign in to the AWS Management Console and
can make requests to the AWS services.
13.How many IAM roles can I create?
You are limited to 1,000 IAM roles under your AWS account. If you need more roles, submit the
IAM limit increase request form with your use case, and we will consider your request.
19. What is Bucket Versioning:
Versioning is a means of keeping multiple variants of an object in the same bucket. You can use
versioning to preserve, retrieve, and restore every version of every object stored in your
Amazon S3 bucket. With versioning, you can easily recover from both unintended user actions
and application failures.
22. What is the default protocol for Linux and window?
Linux - SSH - 22
Windows - RDP - 3389