CHAPTER 3-CURRENT ELECTRICITY

COMPARTMENT EXAM 2024

55(B)-S
1. The element of a heater is cut into two equal parts. Now only one part is used in
the heater. The heat generated now as compared to the original rating of the heater
will be :
(A) halved (B) doubled (C) four times (D) same
2. Two conducting wires of same material have radii r and r/2 . The current flowing
through them is I and 2I, respectively. Find the ratio of drift velocity of free
electrons in the wires.
3. Define mobility of free electrons in a conductor. How does the mobility of
electrons in a metal change when: (i) temperature of the conductor is decreased at
constant potential difference? (ii) Applied potential difference is doubled at a
constant temperature? 3M
4. Obtain an expression for emf and internal resistance of a cell which is equivalent
to parallel combination of two cells of emf and internal resistance (E 1, r1) and
(E2, r2), respectively.
55/S/1,2
5. Assertion (A) : The current density ( J) at a point in a conducting wire is in the
direction of electric field ( E) at that point.
Reason (R) : A conducting wire obeys Ohm’s law.
6. A cell is connected across an external resistance 12 Ω and supplies 0.25 A current.
When the external resistance is increased by 4 Ω, the current reduces to 0.2 A.
Calculate (i) the emf, and (ii) the internal resistance, of the cell.
7. The radius of a conducting wire AB uniformly decreases from its one end A to
another end B. It is connected across a battery. How will (i) electric field, (ii)
current density, and (iii) mobility of electrons change from end A to end B ? Justify
your answer in each case
55-S-3
8. Two cells of emf 2 V and 3 V, and internal resistance 1 Ω and 2 Ω, respectively are
connected in parallel. The effective emf and internal resistance of the combination
cell are respectively :
 (A) 3 V, 1 Ω (B) 5 V, 3 Ω (C) 7/3 V, 2/3 Ω (D) 6/5 V, 2/3 Ω
BOARD EXAMINATION 2024
55-1-1
9. Consider the circuit shown in the figure. The
potential difference between points A and B is :
(A) 6 V (B) 8 V (C) 9 V (D) 12 V
10.Plot a graph showing the variation of current with voltage for the material GaAs.
On the graph, mark the region where : (a) resistance is negative, and (b) ohm’s law
is obeyed 2M
11.Define current density. Is it a scalar or a vector? An electric field E is maintained
in a metallic conductor. If n be the number of electrons (mass m, charge -e) per
unit volume in the conductor and τ its relaxation time, show that the current
density j =σ E, where σ = (ne2 /m) τ. 3M
12. What is a Wheatstone bridge? Obtain the necessary conditions under which the
Wheatstone bridge is balanced.
55-S-2
13.A student is asked to connect four cells, each of emf E and internal resistance r, in
series. But she/he connects one cell wrongly in series with the other cells. The
equivalent emf and the equivalent internal resistance of the combination will be :
(A) 4E and 2r (B) 4E and 3r (C) 3E and 4r (D) 2E and 4r
14.Two batteries of emfs 6 V and 3 V and internal
resistances 0·8 Ω and 0·2 Ω respectively are connected in
series to an external resistance R, as shown in figure.
Find the value of R so that the potential difference across
the 6 V batteries is zero.
55-1-3
15.In a uniform straight wire, conduction electrons move along + x direction. Let E
and j be the electric field and current density in the wire, respectively. Then :
(A) E and j both are along + x direction.
(B) E and j both are along - x direction.
(C) E is along + x direction, but j is along -x direction.
(D) E is along x direction, but j is along + x direction.
16.A uniform wire of length L and area of cross-section A has resistance R. The wire
is uniformly stretched so that its length increases by 25%. Calculate the percentage
increase in the resistance of the wire.
55/2/1
17.Electrons drift with speed vd in a conductor with potential difference V across its
ends. If V is reduced to 2 V , their drift speed will become :
(A) vd/ 2 (B) vd (C) 2 vd (D) 4 vd
18.Define resistivity of a conductor. How does the resistivity of a conductor depend
upon the following : (a) Number density of free electrons in the conductor (n) (b)
Their relaxation time ( τ) 2M
19.The figure shows a circuit with three
ideal batteries. Find the magnitude
and direction of currents in the
branches AG, BF and CD.

20.When the terminals of a cell are connected to a conductor of resistance R, an

electric current flows through the circuit. The electrolyte of the cell also offers
some resistance in the path of the current, like the conductor. This resistance
offered by the electrolyte is called internal resistance of the cell (r). It depends
upon the nature of the electrolyte, the area of the electrodes immersed in the
electrolyte and the temperature. Due to internal resistance, a part of the energy
supplied by the cell is wasted in the form of heat. When no current is drawn from
the cell, the potential difference between the two electrodes in known as emf of the
cell (ε). With a current drawn from the cell, the potential difference between the
two electrodes is termed as terminal potential difference (V).
(i) Choose the incorrect statement :
(A) The potential difference (V) between the two terminals of a cell in a closed
circuit is always less than its emf (ε ), during discharge of the cell.
(B) The internal resistance of a cell decreases with the decrease in temperature of
the electrolyte.
(C) When current is drawn from the cell then V = Ir.
 (D) The graph between potential difference between the two terminals of the cell
(V) and the current (I) through it is a straight line with a negative slope.
(ii) Two cells of emfs 2·0 V and 6·0 V and internal resistances 0·1 Ω and 0·4 Ω
respectively, are connected in parallel. The equivalent emf of the combination will
be :
(A) 2·0 V (B) 2·8 V (C) 6·0 V (D) 8·0 V
(iii) Dipped in the solution, the electrode exchanges charges with the electrolyte.
The positive electrode develops a potential V+ (V+ > 0), and the negative electrode
develops a potential (V-) (V- ≥ 0), relative to the electrolyte adjacent to it. When no
current is drawn from the cell then:
(A) ε= V+ + V- > 0 (B) ε= V+ -V- > 0
(C) ε= V+ + V -< 0 (D) ε= V+ + V- = 0
(iv) Five identical cells, each of emf 2 V and internal resistance 0·1 Ω are
connected in parallel. This combination in turn is connected to an external resistor
of 9·98 Ω. The current flowing through the resistor is :
(A) 0·05 A (B) 0·1 A (C) 0·15 A (D) 0·2 A
(v) Potential difference across a cell in the open circuit is 6 V. It becomes 4 V
when a current of 2 A is drawn from it. The internal resistance of the cell is :
(A) 1·0 Ω (B) 1·5 Ω (C) 2·0 Ω (D) 2·5 Ω
55/2/2
21.(a) The electron drift speed is only a few mm/s for currents in the range of a few
amperes for a given conductor. How then is current established almost the instant a
circuit is closed? Explain.
(b) V=IR is a statement of Ohm’s law is not true. Explain.
55/2/3
22.An electric field E is maintained in a wire of length l and area of cross section a.
derive the relation between the current density σ in the wire and the electric field
E.
55/3/1
23.(a) What is meant by relaxation time of free electrons in a conductor? Show that
the resistance of a conductor can be expressed by R = ml/ ne2τA, where symbols
have their usual meanings. 2M
24.Draw the circuit diagram of a Wheatstone
bridge. Obtain the condition when no
current flows through the galvanometer in
it.
25.Determine the current in branches AB, AC
and BC of the network shown in figure.
55/3/2
26.A battery of unknown emf E and internal resistance r is connected in a circuit as
shown in the figure. When the key (K) is open,
the voltmeter reads 10·0 V and ammeter reads
0 A. In the closed circuit, the voltmeter reads
6·0 V and ammeter reads 2·0 A.
Calculate: (a) emf of the battery,
(b) Internal resistance of the battery (r), and
(c) External resistance (R).
55/3/3
27.A current of 1.6 A flows through a wire when a potential difference of 1.0 V is
applied across it. The length and cross-sectional area of the wire are 1.0 m and 1.0
-7
10 m2 respectively. Calculate : (a) Electric field across the wire (b) Current
density (c) Average relaxation time ( τ)
(Number density of free electrons in the wire is 9.0 x 1028 m 3 ) 3M
55/4/1/2/3
28.Assertion (A): When electrons drift in a conductor, it does not mean that all free
electrons in the conductor are moving in the same direction.
Reason (R) : The drift velocity is superposed over large random velocities
of electrons
29.Two electric heaters have power ratings P1 and P2, at voltage V. They are
connected in series to a dc source of voltage V. Find the power consumed by the
combination. Will they consume the same power if connected in parallel across the
same source?
30.

31. Two wires A and B of different metals have their lengths in

ratio 1 : 2 and their radii in ratio 2 : 1 respectively. I-V
graphs for them is shown in the figure. Find the ratio of
their (i) Resistances (RA/RB) and (ii) Resistivities (σA/σB)
32.

33.

34.

55/5/1/2/3
35. A cell supplies a current of 0.9 A through a 2Ω resistor and a current of 0.3 A
through a 7Ω resistor. The internal resistance of the cell is :-
a) 1.0Ω b)0.5Ω c)2.0Ω d)1.2Ω
36. An ammeter and a voltmeter are connected in series to a battery. Their readings
are noted as ‘A’ and ‘V’ respectively. If a resistor is connected in parallel with the
voltmeter, then
a)A will increase, V will decrease. B)A will decrease, V will increase.
c) Both A and V will decrease. D) Both A and V will increase
37.

38.A heater coil rated as (P,V) is cut into two equal parts. One of the parts is then
connected to a battery of V volts. The power consumed by it will be:
a)P b)P/2 c)P/4 d) 2P
39.

55/B/VI
40.The emf and internal resistance of a cell are 3 V and 0·2 Ω respectively. It is
connected to an external resistor of 5·8 Ω. The potential difference across the cell
will be :
(A) 1·2 V (B) 2·0 V (C) 2·9 V (D) 3·2V
41.Two identical cells, each of emf E and internal resistance r, are connected in series
with a resistor of 8 . A current of 1·5 A flows in the circuit. When these cells are
connected in parallel, they send 1·0 A current through the same resistor. Calculate
the internal resistance, r and emf, E of the cell.
42.Define the terms temperature coefficient of resistance and electrical conductivity
of a conductor. Why are constantan and manganin used for making standard
resistances? Explain.
43. Define drift velocity. Show that resistivity of the material of a conductor is
inversely proportional to the relaxation time for the free electrons in the conductor.
COMPARTMENT EXAM 2023
55/C/1/2/3
44.Assertion (A) : The temperature coefficient of resistance is positive for metals and
negative for semi-conductors.
Reason (R) : The charge carriers in metals are negatively charged whereas in
semiconductors they are positively charged.
45.When is more power delivered to a light bulb just after it is turned on and the glow
of the filament is increasing or after the glow becomes steady? Why? 2M
46.A battery is connected first across the series combination and then across the
parallel combination, of three resistances R, 2R and 3R. In which of the three
resistances will power dissipated be maximum in the two cases? Justify your
answer.
47.(i)Derive the relation between the current and the drift velocity of free electrons in
a conductor. Briefly explain the variation of resistance of a conductor with rise in
temperature.
(ii) An ammeter, together with an unknown resistance in series is connected across
two identical batteries, each of emf 1.5 V, connected (i) in series, and (ii) in
parallel. If the current recorded in the two cases be ½ A and 1/3 A respectively,
calculate the internal resistance of each battery.
48.

55/B
49.Two cells, one of emf 2E and internal resistance r and the other of emf E and
internal resistance r/2 are connected in parallel, by connecting their positive
 terminals together and their negative terminals together. The equivalent emf of the
combination is :
(a) 3E (b) 4E/3 (c) 2E (d) 3E/4
50.Which of the following has a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity?
(a) Silver (b) Copper (c) Nichrome (d) Germanium
51.A cylindrical conductor of resistance R is connected to a battery. The drift velocity
of electrons in this conductor is vd. The conductor is disconnected from the battery
and gradually stretched so that its length increases by 25%. It is again connected to
the same battery. Find the new value of : (a) the drift speed of electrons, and (b)
the resistance of the conductor. 3M